2023屆貴州省貴陽市高三下學(xué)期適應(yīng)性考試（二）英語試題（解析版）

貴陽市2023年高三適應(yīng)性考試(二)英語本試卷滿分120分?？荚囉脮r(shí)100分鐘。注意事項(xiàng)：1.答題前，考生務(wù)必將自己的姓名、報(bào)名號(hào)、座位號(hào)填寫在答題卡上?？忌J(rèn)真核對(duì)答題卡上粘貼的條形碼的“姓名、報(bào)名號(hào)、考試科目”與考生本人姓名、報(bào)名號(hào)是否一致2.選擇題：每小題選出答案后，用2B鉛筆把答題卡上對(duì)應(yīng)題目的答案標(biāo)號(hào)涂黑，如需改動(dòng)，用橡皮擦干凈后，再選涂其它答案標(biāo)號(hào)。非選擇題：用黑色墨水簽字筆在答題卡上書寫作答。在試題卷上作答，答案無效。3.請(qǐng)保持答題卡平整，不能折疊?？荚嚱Y(jié)束，監(jiān)考員將試卷、答題卡一并收回。第一部分閱讀理解(共兩節(jié)，滿分40分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題2分，滿分30分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)(A、B、C和D)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。AMichelleYeohwonbestactressatthe95thAcademyAwardsonSundaynightbecomingthefirstAsianwomantowintheaward.Yeoh,whoearnedtheawardforherexcellentperformanceinEverythingEverywhereAllatOnce,isthefifthAsiantowinanOscarinanactingcategoryandthefirsttowininaleadactingcategory.“Forallthelittleboysandgirlswholooklikemewatchingtonight,thisisanexampleofhopeandpossibilities.Thisisevidencetodreambig,anddreamsdocometrue,”YeohsaidwhileacceptingherOscar.InEverythingEverywhereAllatOnce,YeohplayedEvelynWang,animmigrantmotherandlaundromatownerwho’sunexpectedlytaskedwithsavingthemultiverse(多元宇宙)fromdestruction.“And,ladies,don’tletanybodytellyouthatyouareeverpastyourprime.Nevergiveup.”Yeohsaidinheracceptancespeech.“Ihavetodedicatethistomymom—allthemomsintheworld.Becausetheyarereallythesuperheroes,andwithoutthem,noneofuswouldbeheretonight.”YeohfirstmadeanameforherselfinHongKongcinema,becomingaprolificandrespectedmartialartsactionstarinthelate1980sandthe1990s.Asanactorwhomanagednottoplaythetypical“damselindistress”stereotypesinactionmoviesandinsteadoftenplayedcrime-fightingheroes,Yeohbecameknownasafeministpioneerinentertainment.“WebelieveinourAsiantalent.Webelieveallofushavestoriesthatneedtobetoldandneedtobeembraced,”YeohsaidinaninterviewwithNBC.1.WhatisEverythingEverywhereAllatOnce?A.Abook. B.Anactress. C.Afilm. D.Anaward.2.WhodoesMichelleYeohowehersuccessto?A.Herfriend. B.Hermother. C.Hersuperhero. D.Herteacher.3.Wheredoesthetextprobablycomefrom?A.Anewsreport. B.Abusinessreport. C.Asciencemagazine. D.Aresearchplan.【答案】1.C2.B3.A【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇新聞報(bào)道。文章介紹了第95屆奧斯卡頒獎(jiǎng)典禮上，楊紫瓊奪得最佳女主角，成為第一位獲得該獎(jiǎng)項(xiàng)的亞裔女性?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“Yeoh,whoearnedtheawardforherexcellentperformanceinEverythingEverywhereAllatOnce,isthefifthAsiantowinanOscarinanactingcategoryandthefirsttowininaleadactingcategory.(楊紫瓊憑借在《瞬息全宇宙》中的出色表現(xiàn)獲得奧斯卡最佳女主角獎(jiǎng)，她是第五位獲得奧斯卡最佳女主角獎(jiǎng)的亞洲人，也是第一位獲得最佳女主角獎(jiǎng)的亞洲人。)”可知，《瞬息全宇宙》是一部電影。故選C?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“Ihavetodedicatethistomymom—allthemomsintheworld.Becausetheyarereallythesuperheroes,andwithoutthem,noneofuswouldbeheretonight.(我必須把這個(gè)獻(xiàn)給我的媽媽——世界上所有的媽媽。因?yàn)樗齻冋娴氖浅?jí)英雄，如果沒有她們，我們今晚都不會(huì)在這里。)”可知，楊紫瓊的成功歸功于她的母親。故選B。【3題詳解】推理判斷題。本文介紹了第95屆奧斯卡頒獎(jiǎng)典禮上，楊紫瓊奪得最佳女主角，成為第一位獲得該獎(jiǎng)項(xiàng)的亞商女性。根據(jù)原文最后一段““WebelieveinourAsiantalent.Webelieveallofushavestoriesthatneedtobetoldandneedtobeembraced,”YeohsaidinaninterviewwithNBC.（Yeoh在接受美國(guó)全國(guó)廣播公司采訪時(shí)表示：“我們相信我們的亞洲人才。我們相信我們所有人都有需要講述和接受的故事?！保笨赏茢?，文章可能來自一篇新聞報(bào)道。A.Anewsreport.(一篇新聞報(bào)道。)；B.Abusinessreport.(商業(yè)報(bào)告。)；C.Asciencemagazine.(一本科學(xué)雜公)；D.Aresearchplan.(研究計(jì)劃。)故選A。BThefactthattouchcanbehighlyinfluentialinsuccessfulsaleshasledresearcherstocallthephenomenontheMidasTouch,namedafterKingMidasinGreekmythology(神話)whowassaidtoturneverythinghetouchedintogold.Whiletouchingaproductisclearlynotgoingtomakeitgolden,itcanmakethepersonconnectsostronglywiththeitemthattheytakepsychologicalownershipofit.Thismeansthattheconsumerismuchmorelikelytopurchaseitastheyfeelasifitalreadybelongstothem.Partially,thiswillbecausedbytheemotionsthattheyexperiencewhentheyengageininteraction,asthereisacloserelationshipinourbrainsbetweentouchandemotions.Inaworldwhereonlineshoppingisalmostunavoidable,andpeoplecan’ttouchwhattheybuy,itbegsthequestionofhowtouchcanworkinconsuming.Therealityisthatmanyconsumershaveahighneedfortouch,andwhentheycan’ttouch,theybecomeupsetandoftenfeeldissatisfied.Thiswill,atleastpartially,contributetothehighonlinereturnrates,aspeopledon’tfeelsatisfiedwiththeproductswhentheyarrive.Presentingshoppers(直播帶貨者)withvisually-basedconcretesignscanhelpovercomethelackoftouch.Forexample,ifthegoodsareclearlydescribed,ithelpsthepurchaserknowtheproductmoreaccurately.However,suchdescriptionsonlyworkiftheyarespecific.Furthermore,usingmovingimagery,suchasabrieffilmofamodelmovingaroundinaclothingitem,alsohelpswithtouch-relatedvisualization(形象化)asitbecomesamentalunderstandingoftouch.Actualtextures(質(zhì)地)ofproductscanalsohelpprovidesignsforwhattheproductsarelike.Infact,itappearsthatconcreteinputisprimarilyprocessedsubconsciously,meaningthatitisnotsomethingyoucannecessarilyaskconsumersabout,astheysimplydon’tknowthatitaffectsthem.Thus,theexamplesmentionedherearethekindofresearchfindingsthatonlinesellersshouldtakenoteof.Withsomecreativeinput,theycanbeusedtocreatemoresatisfiedcustomerswhentouchisabsent.4.WhatisthepurposeofParagraph1?A.Toinformpeopleofastory. B.Tointroducethesubject.C.Toprovidethebackground. D.Togiveadefinition.5.WhatisParagraph2mainlyabout?A.Touchingandconsuming. B.Theprocessoftouching.C.Brainsandemotion. D.Theproblemofselling.6.Whatcausesthehighonlinereturnrates?AProducts’arrivinglate. B.Customers’thinkinglittleofproducts.C.Products’notmeetingtherequirements. D.Customers’nodescribingproducts.7.Howcanonlinebuyersovercomethelackoftouch?A.Byknowingspecificdescriptionsvisually. B.Bymakingbrieffilmsofmovingmodels.C.Bymakingnotesoftheresearchfindings. D.Byaskingconsumerssomethingnecessary.【答案】4.B5.A6.C7.A【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是說明文。文章強(qiáng)調(diào)了觸摸對(duì)成功的銷售有很大的影響，這一事實(shí)使研究人員將這種現(xiàn)象稱為“邁達(dá)斯之觸”，觸摸一件產(chǎn)品可以讓人與這件產(chǎn)品產(chǎn)生強(qiáng)烈的聯(lián)系，從而在心理上擁有它。這意味著消費(fèi)者更有可能購(gòu)買它。向購(gòu)物者展示基于視覺的具體標(biāo)志可以幫助顧客克服缺乏觸覺的問題，從而提高網(wǎng)上購(gòu)物的成功率?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段“ThefactthattouchcanbehighlyinfluentialinsuccessfulsaleshasledresearcherstocallthephenomenontheMidasTouch,namedafterKingMidasinGreekmythology(神話)whowassaidtoturneverythinghetouchedintogold.(觸摸對(duì)成功的銷售有很大的影響，這一事實(shí)使研究人員將這種現(xiàn)象稱為“邁達(dá)斯之觸”，以希臘神話中的邁達(dá)斯國(guó)王命名，據(jù)說他能把他觸摸到的一切都變成金子。)”可知，第一段的寫作目的是介紹主題觸摸影響銷售的成功，故選B?！?題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第二段“Whiletouchingaproductisclearlynotgoingtomakeitgolden,itcanmakethepersonconnectsostronglywiththeitemthattheytakepsychologicalownershipofit.ThismeansthattheconsumerismuchmorelikelytopurchaseitastheyfeelasifitalreadybelongstothemPartially,thiswillbecausedbytheemotionsthattheyexperiencewhentheyengageininteraction,asthereisacloserelationshipinourbrainsbetweentouchandemotions.(雖然觸摸一件產(chǎn)品顯然不會(huì)讓它變成黃金，但它可以讓人與這件產(chǎn)品產(chǎn)生強(qiáng)烈的聯(lián)系，從而在心理上擁有它。這意味著消費(fèi)者更有可能購(gòu)買它，因?yàn)樗麄冇X得它已經(jīng)屬于他們了，這部分是由他們?cè)诨?dòng)時(shí)體驗(yàn)到的情感引起的，因?yàn)樵谖覀兊拇竽X中，觸摸和情感之間存在著密切的關(guān)系。)”可知，第二段主要講述了觸摸和消費(fèi)。故選A。【6題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段“Thiswill,atleastpartially,contributetothehighonlinereturnrates,aspeopledon’tfeelsatisfiedwiththeproductswhentheyarrive.(這至少在一定程度上導(dǎo)致了高在線退貨率，因?yàn)楫?dāng)人們到達(dá)時(shí)，他們對(duì)產(chǎn)品并不滿意。)”可知，產(chǎn)品不符合要求導(dǎo)致在線退貨率高，故選C?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段“Furthermore,usingmovingimagery,suchasabrieffilmofamodelmovingaroundinaclothingitem,alsohelpswithtouch-relatedvisualization(形象化)asitbecomesamentalunderstandingoftouch.Actualtextures(質(zhì)地)ofproductscanalsohelpprovidesignsforwhattheproductsarelike.(此外，使用動(dòng)態(tài)圖像，比如一個(gè)模特穿著衣服四處走動(dòng)的短片，也有助于與觸摸相關(guān)的視覺化，因?yàn)樗兂闪艘环N對(duì)觸摸的心理理解。產(chǎn)品的實(shí)際紋理也可以幫助提供產(chǎn)品外觀的標(biāo)志。)”可知，通過直觀地了解具體的描述，網(wǎng)上買家克服缺乏接觸，故選A。CThetopicofChina’s“slashyouth”hasfueledheateddebateonsocialmediarecently,drawingattentiontothediversepursuitsoftheyoungergeneration.Theslashyouth,whichcouldalsobecalledslashersorslash-generation—meansthosewhorefusetobedefinedbyjustonepersonalidentity.Theyarekeentopresentthemselvesasmultipleandsometimesdistinctidentities,suchasanurseandmodel,ateacherandstand-upcomedian,andanengineerandbandplayer.Ratherthanmaterialcomforts,theylookformeaningfulachievement.Adiversecareercanenablethemtodevelopnewexperiencesandtalentsaswellassocialandprofessionalnetworks,leadingtogreaterflexibilityinlifeandwork,recognitionandsatisfaction.Astudyon“slashyouth”publishedintheChinaYouthResearchmagazineanalyzesthebackgroundofthisphenomenon:withpartofmodernsociety’sstructuredorganizationandstabilitynorms(規(guī)范)arebroken,flexiblelabormarketsandstructuralunemploymenthasappeared,eliminatingthesenseofjobsecurityoftheyoungpeopleinemployment.Youngpeoplealsofacethedilemmaofself-actualization(自我實(shí)現(xiàn)),includingthesenseofpowerlessness,lostsenseofvalueandlackofself-identityintheprofession,whichforcesthemtore-findthemeaningofwork.“The‘slashlife’showsthatoursocietyisbecomingmoreandmorediversifiedandinclusive,anditwelcomeseveryone’sself-fulfillment,”saidShiYanrong,anassociateresearcherfromTianjinAcademyofSocialSciences.“Youngpeoplenolongerhavetorelyonworkandmoneyfortheirsenseofself-worth.Theytendtocreatetheirownidentities.”Theresearcheraddedthatagainstthebackgroundthatpeoplehavemultipleinterestsandarewillingtopayfortheseinterestsnowadays,the“slashlife”oftheyouthwoulddrivethegrowthofaneweconomy,justasanimation(動(dòng)漫)cultureaffectedthemarket.8.Whatdoestheslashyouthreferto?A.Thoselikingtoshowoff. B.Thosehavingdifferentidentities.C.Thoselikingmaterialcomforts. D.Thosechangingdifferentjobs.9.Whydoestheslashyouthliketoworkonvariouscareers?A.Toprovetheyaretalented. B.Toenablethemtoexperiencealot.C.Toshowothersfullofenergy. D.Toknowmorefromdifferentareas.10.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“eliminating”inParagraph4probablymeanA.Strengthening. B.Increasing. C.Forgetting. D.Removing.11.Whatdoestheauthorthinkof“slashlife”?A.Meaningless. B.Uncaring. C.Favorable. D.Naughty.【答案】8.B9.B10.D11.C【解析】【分析】本文為說明文。文章主要介紹了什么是斜杠青年以及斜杠青年對(duì)社會(huì)的影響?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段的“Theslashyouth,whichcouldalsobecalledslashersorslash-generation—meansthosewhorefusetobedefinedbyjustonepersonalidentity.Theyarekeentopresentthemselvesasmultipleandsometimesdistinctidentities,suchasanurseandmodel,ateacherandstand-upcomedian,andanengineerandbandplayer.(斜杠青年，也可以被稱為斜杠青年或斜杠一代，是指那些拒絕被單一個(gè)人身份所定義的人。他們熱衷于將自己呈現(xiàn)為多重身份，有時(shí)甚至是截然不同的身份，比如護(hù)士兼模特，教師兼單口相聲演員，工程師兼樂隊(duì)演奏者)”可知，斜杠青年是指那些有多重身份的人。故選B?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“Adiversecareercanenablethemtodevelopnewexperiencesandtalentsaswellassocialandprofessionalnetworks,leadingtogreaterflexibilityinlifeandwork,recognitionandsatisfaction.(多元化的職業(yè)可以讓他們發(fā)展新的經(jīng)驗(yàn)和才能，以及社會(huì)和專業(yè)網(wǎng)絡(luò)，從而在生活和工作中獲得更大的靈活性，得到認(rèn)可和滿意度)”可知，斜杠青年喜歡各種職業(yè)是因?yàn)檫@些職業(yè)可以使他們有更多的經(jīng)歷。故選B?！?0題詳解】詞句猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)上文的“withpartofmodernsociety’sstructuredorganizationandstabilitynorms(規(guī)范)arebroken,flexiblelabormarketsandstructuralunemploymenthasappeared(現(xiàn)代社會(huì)的部分結(jié)構(gòu)化組織和穩(wěn)定規(guī)范被打破，出現(xiàn)了靈活的勞動(dòng)力市場(chǎng)和結(jié)構(gòu)性失業(yè))”及下文的“includingthesenseofpowerlessness,lostsenseofvalueandlackofself-identityintheprofession,whichforcesthemtore-findthemeaningofwork.(包括對(duì)職業(yè)的無力感、價(jià)值感的喪失和自我認(rèn)同感的缺失，迫使他們重新尋找工作的意義)”可知，年輕人的就業(yè)安全感已經(jīng)不存在了。由此可知，劃線處是“消除”的意思。故選D。【11題詳解】推理判斷題。通讀文章，作者開始介紹了什么是斜杠青年，緊接著引用了調(diào)查，說明斜杠青年這一現(xiàn)象的背景，尤其是最后一段的“the“slashlife”oftheyouthwoulddrivethegrowthofaneweconomy,justasanimation(動(dòng)漫)cultureaffectedthemarket.(年輕人的“斜杠生活”將推動(dòng)新經(jīng)濟(jì)的發(fā)展，就像動(dòng)畫文化影響市場(chǎng)一樣)”可推知，作者認(rèn)為斜杠生活是良好的，支持斜杠生活。故選C。DScientistshavedevelopedabloodtesttodiagnose(診斷)Alzheimer’sdiseasewithouttheneedforexpensivebrainimagingorapainfullumbarpuncture(腰椎穿刺),whereasampleofCSF(腦脊椎液)isdrawnfromthelowerback.Ifeffective,thetestcouldenablefasterdiagnosisofthedisease,meaningtreatmentscouldbedoneearlier.Alzheimer’sisthemostcommonformofdementia(癡呆),butdiagnosisremainschallenging—particularlyduringtheearlierstagesofthedisease.Currentguidelinesrecommenddetectionofthreedistinctsymptoms:abnormalaccumulationsofamyloidandtauproteinsproteins,aswellasneurodegeneration—theslowandprogressivelossofneuronalcellsinspecifiedregionsofthebrain.ThiscanbedonethroughacombinationofbrainimagingandCSFanalysis.However,alumbarpuncturecanbepainfulandpeoplemayexperienceheadachesorbackpainaftertheprocedure,whilebrainimagingisexpensiveandtakesalongtimetoschedule.Prof.ThomasKarikariattheUniversityofPittsburgh,inPennsylvania,US,whowasinvolvedinthestudy,said:“Alotofpatients,evenintheUS,don’thaveaccesstoMRIandPETscanners.Accessibilityisamajorissue.”Thedevelopmentofareliablebloodtestwouldbeanimportantstepforwards.“Abloodtestischeaper,saferandeasiertoadminister,anditcanimproveclinicalconfidenceindiagnosingAlzheimer’sandselectingparticipantsforclinicaltrialanddiseasemonitoring,”Karikarisaid.Thenextstepwillbetoconfirmthetestinabroaderrangeofpatients,includingthosefromvariedracialandethnicbackgrounds,andthosesufferingfromdifferentstagesofmemorylossorotherpotentialdementiasymptoms.Karikarialsohopesthatmonitoringlevelsofbrain-derivedtauinthebloodcouldimprovethedesignofclinicaltrialsforAlzheimer’streatments.12.WhatcanwelearnaboutbloodtestfromParagraph1?A.Itcancausefinancialproblems. B.Itishelpfultostarttreatmentearlier.C.Itishelpfultocontrolthemedicine. D.Itcanincreaselowerback’spain.13Whatisthepriciestwayofdetectingthesymptoms?A.CSFanalysis. B.Alumbarpuncture. C.Bloodtest. D.Brainimaging.14.Howisthebloodtestdeveloped?A.Byexpandingmoreclinics. B.Byraisingpatients’confidence.C.Bytestingindiversegroups. D.Bymonitoringmemory’sstages.15.Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A.AnApproachtoDiagnoseAlzheimer’sDiseaseB.SomeDifferentSymptomsofDetectingtheDiseaseC.ThePotentialProblemsofAlzheimer’sDiseaseD.AFewGuidelinestoUsetheMedicalDevices【答案】12.B13.D14.C15.A【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。文章介紹了科學(xué)家開發(fā)出診斷阿爾茨海默病的血液檢測(cè)法?！?2題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中的“Ifeffective,thetestcouldenablefasterdiagnosisofthedisease,meaningtreatmentscouldbedoneearlier.(如果有效，該測(cè)試可以更快地診斷疾病，這意味著可以更早地進(jìn)行治療)”可知，血液檢查有助于及早開始治療。故選B?！?3題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中的“Scientistshavedevelopedabloodtesttodiagnose(診斷)Alzheimer’sdiseasewithouttheneedforexpensivebrainimagingorapainfullumbarpuncture(腰椎穿刺),whereasampleofCSF(腦脊椎液)isdrawnfromthelowerback.(科學(xué)家已經(jīng)開發(fā)出一種血液測(cè)試來診斷阿爾茨海默病，而不需要昂貴的腦部成像或痛苦的腰椎穿刺，即從下背部抽取腦脊液樣本)”可知，腦成像是檢測(cè)癥狀最昂貴的方法。故選D?！?4題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段中的“Thenextstepwillbetoconfirmthetestinabroaderrangeofpatients,includingthosefromvariedracialandethnicbackgrounds,andthosesufferingfromdifferentstagesofmemorylossorotherpotentialdementiasymptoms.(下一步將是在更大范圍的患者中證實(shí)該測(cè)試，包括來自不同種族和民族背景的患者，以及患有不同階段記憶喪失或其他潛在癡呆癥狀的患者)”可知，血液測(cè)試是通過對(duì)不同群體進(jìn)行測(cè)試而開發(fā)出來的。故選C?！?5題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段中的“Scientistshavedevelopedabloodtesttodiagnose(診斷)Alzheimer’sdiseasewithouttheneedforexpensivebrainimagingorapainfullumbarpuncture(腰椎穿刺),whereasampleofCSF(腦脊椎液)isdrawnfromthelowerback.(科學(xué)家已經(jīng)開發(fā)出一種血液測(cè)試來診斷阿爾茨海默病，而不需要昂貴的腦部成像或痛苦的腰椎穿刺，即從下背部抽取腦脊液樣本)”及下文介紹可知，章介紹了科學(xué)家開發(fā)出診斷阿爾茨海默病的血液檢測(cè)法。由此可知，AnApproachtoDiagnoseAlzheimer’sDisease(阿爾茨海默病的診斷方法)適合作本文最佳標(biāo)題。故選A。第二節(jié)(共5小題;每小題2分，滿分10分)根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。KeepingmemoryfreshAncientpoems,Englishwords,historicalevents...youmusthavealottorememberatschool.Whatifyoucouldhaveaphotographicmemory?Scientistshavedonemanyexperimentstofindwaystoimproveourmemories.Herearesometipsbasedontheirfindings.____16____Scientistsaskedpeopletoeitherrideabikeslowlyfor90minutesordoitreallyfastfor6minutes.Itshowedthattheshortbutintenseexercisemadethebrainproducemoreofachemicalcalled“brain-derivedneurotrophicfactor(腦源性神經(jīng)營(yíng)養(yǎng)因子)”.____17____.Itsamountgoestothehighestpointaftersixminutesofintenseworkout.That’sthetimewhenyoushouldgetdowntorememberingthings!Sleepinginarockingbed.Whenwewereyoung,wesleptsoundlyinourmom’sswayingarms.Scientistshavefoundthatifwesleepinabedthatgentlyswaysbackandforth,wecanhaveadeepersleep,whichimprovesourmemoryaswell.____18____.Becomingemotional.____19____.Themomentyoubecomeemotional,youcanrememberthingsreallywell.Thisisbecausetheamygdala(杏仁核)inourbrainisresponsiblefordealingwithbothemotionsandmemories.Thebrainwantsustorememberwhatmakesussosadorhappy.____20____.Then,justtakeoutyourbooktolearnnewthings.A.HavingarelaxedworkoutB.HavinganintenseworkoutC.EmotionscanaffectmemoriesD.Somaybe,youcouldbuyarockingbedE.Thischemicalcandoharmtopeople’smemoriesF.ThischemicalhelpspeoplerememberthingsquicklyG.Sonexttimeyouwanttoremembersomeknowledge,trytogetyourselfexcitedorangry【答案】16.B17.F18.D19.C20.G【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文?？茖W(xué)家們做了許多實(shí)驗(yàn)來尋找改善我們記憶力的方法，基于這些研究，文章提出了一些改善記憶的方法?！?6題詳解】根據(jù)后文“Itshowedthattheshortbutintenseexercisemadethebrainproducemoreofachemicalcalled“brain-derivedneurotrophicfactor(腦源性神經(jīng)營(yíng)養(yǎng)因子)”.(研究表明，短時(shí)間的高強(qiáng)度運(yùn)動(dòng)使大腦產(chǎn)生更多的一種叫做“腦源性神經(jīng)營(yíng)養(yǎng)因子”的化學(xué)物質(zhì)。)”可知，此處是指要進(jìn)行短時(shí)間的高強(qiáng)度運(yùn)動(dòng)，所以選項(xiàng)B“進(jìn)行高強(qiáng)度鍛煉”切合文意。故選B?！?7題詳解】根據(jù)后文“Itsamountgoestothehighestpointaftersixminutesofintenseworkout.That’sthetimewhenyoushouldgetdowntorememberingthings!(在6分鐘的高強(qiáng)度鍛煉后，其含量達(dá)到最高點(diǎn)。那是你應(yīng)該開始記東西的時(shí)候！)”可知，此處是指“腦源性神經(jīng)營(yíng)養(yǎng)因子”有助于記憶，所以選項(xiàng)F“這種化學(xué)物質(zhì)能幫助人們快速記憶”切合文意。故選F?！?8題詳解】根據(jù)前文“Scientistshavefoundthatifwesleepinabedthatgentlyswaysbackandforth,wecanhaveadeepersleep,whichimprovesourmemoryaswell.(科學(xué)家們發(fā)現(xiàn)，如果我們睡在輕輕來回?cái)[動(dòng)的床上，我們可以睡得更深，這也能提高我們的記憶力。)”可知，此處是指睡在搖床上有助于記憶，所以選項(xiàng)D“也許，你可以買個(gè)搖床”切合文意。故選D?！?9題詳解】根據(jù)后文“Themomentyoubecomeemotional,youcanrememberthingsreallywell.(當(dāng)你變得情緒化的時(shí)候，你可以很好地記住事情。)”可知，此處是指情緒會(huì)影響記憶力，所以選項(xiàng)C“情緒會(huì)影響記憶”切合文意。故選C。20題詳解】根據(jù)前文“Thebrainwantsustorememberwhatmakesussosadorhappy.(大腦想讓我們記住是什么讓我們?nèi)绱吮瘋蚩鞓贰?”和后文“Then,justtakeoutyourbooktolearnnewthings.(然后，拿出你的書來學(xué)習(xí)新的東西。)”可知，此處是指要記憶知識(shí)時(shí)可以讓自己興奮或者生氣起來，所以選項(xiàng)G“所以下次你想記住一些知識(shí)時(shí)，試著讓自己興奮或生氣”切合文意。故選G。第二部分英語知識(shí)運(yùn)用(共兩節(jié)，滿分45分)第一節(jié)完形填空(共20小題;每小題1.5分，滿分30分)MiluisalsoknownasPereDavid’sdeer.Theyareherdanimals(群體動(dòng)物)thatusually____21____fromhumans,butwhenDiandiancomesintocontactwithpeopleatanature____22____inYueyang,Hunanprovince,sheis____23____.Eightyearsago,one-week-oldDiandianwasleftbehindbyher____24____.Whenpeoplefoundherinthereedsofalake,shelookedtooweakandthinto____25____.____26____bykeepersattheEastDongtingLakeNationalNatureReserve,Diandian____27____startedtreatingpeopleasherfriends.Today,sheisthemotherofthreemilu,thankstothe____28____andcareshowntoherby____29____membersatthereserve.“Mostmilurunaway____30____someoneapproaches,butDiandianisdeliberate(從容的)inher____31____andunhurried,”saidLiZheng,akeeperatthereservewhohastakencareofDiandianforyears.WiththehelpofpeoplelikeLiZhengfromamilu____32____associationinYueyang,11deer,includingDiandian,havetheirfamilies.Thestaffhavedonemanythingstohelpprotectandexpandthe____33____oftheanimal.Eachmemberhasa____34____researchrole,withsomeflyingdrones(無人機(jī)),some____35____thenumberofmiluandsomeestimatingtheageofthemale____36____theshapeandsizeoftheirantlers(鹿角).Thankstotheirefforts,thepastseveralyearshave____37____thegradual____38____ofthemilupopulation.Once____39____inChina,itsnativeland,andwithonly18____40____survivingintheworld,themiludeerisnowprosperinginitshomecountry.21.A.prevent B.escape C.benefit D.differ22.A.reserve B.interest C.landscape D.attraction23.A.curious B.lonely C.nervous D.calm24.A.organization B.enemy C.herd D.keeper25.A.survive B.perform C.rescue D.monitor26.A.Found B.Trained C.Ruled D.Raised27.A.constantly B.gradually C.extremely D.especially28.A.advice B.attention C.research D.command29.A.party B.freedom C.staff D.senior30.A.unless B.until C.though D.once31.A.action B.options C.tone D.thought32.A.commercial B.advertisement C.conservation D.transformation33.A.capability B.company C.knowledge D.habitats34.A.specific B.complicated C.noble D.wonderful35.A.making B.imagining C.counting D.predicting36.A.basedon B.namedby C.owingto D.apartfrom37.A.changed B.promoted C.witnessed D.experienced38.A.recovery B.decline C.limitation D.study39.A.famous B.extinct C.important D.prosperous40.A.females B.groups C.males D.individuals【答案】21.B22.A23.D24.C25.A26.D27.B28.B29.C30.D31.A32.C33.D34.A35.C36.A37.C38.A39.B40.D【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了麋鹿點(diǎn)點(diǎn)被鹿群遺棄，被東洞庭湖國(guó)家級(jí)自然保護(hù)區(qū)的工作人員收養(yǎng)，并逐漸開始把人當(dāng)成朋友。同時(shí)，文章也講述了工作人員為保護(hù)麋鹿而付出的努力?！?1題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：它們是群居動(dòng)物，通常會(huì)躲避人類，但是當(dāng)點(diǎn)點(diǎn)在湖南岳陽的一個(gè)自然保護(hù)區(qū)與人們接觸時(shí)，她很平靜。A.prevent阻止；B.escape逃走，躲避；C.benefit受益；D.differ不同于。根據(jù)上文“Theyareherdanimalsthatusually”以及后文but表示轉(zhuǎn)折，說明它們是群居動(dòng)物，通常會(huì)躲避人類，故選B。【22題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：它們是群居動(dòng)物，通常會(huì)躲避人類，但是當(dāng)點(diǎn)點(diǎn)在湖南岳陽的一個(gè)自然保護(hù)區(qū)與人們接觸時(shí)，她很平靜。A.reserve保護(hù)區(qū)；B.interest興趣；C.landscape風(fēng)景；D.attraction吸引力。呼應(yīng)后文“membersatthereserve”指點(diǎn)點(diǎn)生活的保護(hù)區(qū)。故選A?！?3題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：它們是群居動(dòng)物，通常會(huì)躲避人類，但是當(dāng)點(diǎn)點(diǎn)在湖南岳陽的一個(gè)自然保護(hù)區(qū)與人們接觸時(shí)，她很平靜。A.curious好奇的；B.lonely寂寞的；C.nervous緊張的；D.calm平靜的。根據(jù)后文可知點(diǎn)點(diǎn)是由工作人員養(yǎng)大的，所以和人類接觸很平靜。故選D?！?4題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：八年前，一周大的點(diǎn)點(diǎn)被她的鹿群遺棄了。A.organization組織；B.enemy敵人；C.herd群；D.keeper監(jiān)護(hù)人。呼應(yīng)上文“Theyareherdanimals”指一歲大的點(diǎn)點(diǎn)被她的鹿群遺棄了。故選C。【25題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：當(dāng)人們?cè)诤叺奶J葦中發(fā)現(xiàn)她時(shí)，她看起來太過虛弱和瘦弱，無法生存。A.survive幸存；B.perform表演；C.rescue營(yíng)救；D.monitor監(jiān)督。根據(jù)上文“shelookedtooweakandthinto”可知，點(diǎn)點(diǎn)很虛弱，無法存活。故選A?！?6題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：在東洞庭湖國(guó)家級(jí)自然保護(hù)區(qū)的飼養(yǎng)員的撫養(yǎng)下，點(diǎn)點(diǎn)逐漸開始把人當(dāng)成朋友。A.Found找到；B.Trained訓(xùn)練；C.Ruled統(tǒng)治；D.Raised撫養(yǎng)，籌集。根據(jù)上文“one-week-oldDiandian”和后文“bykeepersattheEastDongtingLakeNationalNatureReserve”指飼養(yǎng)員撫養(yǎng)了點(diǎn)點(diǎn)，故選D?！?7題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：在東洞庭湖國(guó)家級(jí)自然保護(hù)區(qū)的飼養(yǎng)員的撫養(yǎng)下，點(diǎn)點(diǎn)逐漸開始把人當(dāng)成朋友。A.constantly持續(xù)地；B.gradually逐漸地；C.extremely非常；D.especially尤其。根據(jù)后文“startedtreatingpeopleasherfriends”和常識(shí)可知，點(diǎn)點(diǎn)逐漸開始把人當(dāng)成朋友。故選B?！?8題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：今天，由于保護(hù)區(qū)工作人員對(duì)她的關(guān)心和照顧，她已經(jīng)是三頭麋鹿的媽媽了。A.advice建議；B.attention關(guān)心，照料；C.research研究；D.command命令。根據(jù)后文“akeeperatthereservewhohastakencareofDiandianforyears.”可知，保護(hù)區(qū)工作人員對(duì)她關(guān)心和照顧，故選B。【29題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：今天，由于保護(hù)區(qū)工作人員對(duì)她的關(guān)心和照顧，她已經(jīng)是三頭麋鹿的媽媽了。A.party派對(duì)；B.freedom自由；C.staff員工；D.senior長(zhǎng)者。呼應(yīng)上文“bykeepersattheEastDongtingLakeNationalNatureReserve”指保護(hù)區(qū)工作人員對(duì)她的關(guān)心和照顧。故選C?！?0題詳解】考查連詞詞義辨析。句意：“一旦有人靠近，大多數(shù)麋鹿都會(huì)跑開，但點(diǎn)點(diǎn)的行動(dòng)是從容的，從容不急，”照顧點(diǎn)點(diǎn)多年的飼養(yǎng)員李政說。A.unless除非；B.until直到；C.though雖然；D.once一旦。此處指一旦有人接近，大多數(shù)麋鹿都會(huì)跑開，應(yīng)用once。故選D?！?1題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：“一旦有人靠近，大多數(shù)麋鹿都會(huì)跑開，但點(diǎn)點(diǎn)的行動(dòng)是從容的，從容不急，”照顧點(diǎn)點(diǎn)多年的飼養(yǎng)員李政說。A.action行動(dòng)；B.options選擇；C.tone語氣；D.thought想法。根據(jù)后文“andunhurried”指點(diǎn)點(diǎn)面對(duì)人類時(shí)行動(dòng)很從容。故選A。【32題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：在岳陽麋鹿保護(hù)協(xié)會(huì)的李政等人的幫助下，包括點(diǎn)點(diǎn)在內(nèi)的11只鹿有了自己的家庭。A.commercial（商業(yè)）廣告；B.advertisement廣告；C.conservation保護(hù)；D.transformation變化。根據(jù)上文“thehelpofpeoplelikeLiZhengfromamilu”指在岳陽麋鹿保護(hù)協(xié)會(huì)的李政等人的幫助下，故選C?！?3題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：工作人員做了很多事情來幫助保護(hù)和擴(kuò)大動(dòng)物的棲息地。A.capability能力；B.company公司；C.knowledge知識(shí)；D.habitats棲息地。根據(jù)上文“Thestaffhavedonemanythingstohelpprotectandexpandthe”以及常識(shí)，可知工作人員做了很多事情來幫助保護(hù)和擴(kuò)大動(dòng)物的棲息地。故選D?！?4題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：每個(gè)成員都有一個(gè)特定的研究角色，一些人會(huì)駕駛無人機(jī)，一些人會(huì)計(jì)算麋鹿的數(shù)量，還有一些人會(huì)根據(jù)鹿角的形狀和大小來估計(jì)雄性麋鹿的年齡。A.specific特別的；B.complicated復(fù)雜的；C.noble崇高的；D.wonderful極好的。根據(jù)后文“researchrole,withsomeflyingdrones”可知，每個(gè)人都有一個(gè)特定的角色，負(fù)責(zé)相關(guān)的事務(wù)。故選A?！?5題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：每個(gè)成員都有一個(gè)特定的研究角色，一些人會(huì)駕駛無人機(jī)，一些人會(huì)計(jì)算麋鹿的數(shù)量，還有一些人會(huì)根據(jù)鹿角的形狀和大小來估計(jì)雄性麋鹿的年齡。A.making制作；B.imagining想象；C.counting計(jì)算；D.predicting預(yù)測(cè)。根據(jù)后文“thenumberofmilusome15thenumberofmiluandsomeestimatingtheageofthemale”指有些工作人員會(huì)計(jì)算麋鹿的數(shù)量，故選C?！?6題詳解】考查短語辨析。句意：每個(gè)成員都有一個(gè)特定的研究角色，一些人會(huì)駕駛無人機(jī)，一些人會(huì)計(jì)算麋鹿的數(shù)量，還有一些人會(huì)根據(jù)鹿角的形狀和大小來估計(jì)雄性麋鹿的年齡。A.basedon基于，根據(jù)；B.namedby命名；C.owingto由于；D.apartfrom分開。根據(jù)后文“theshapeandsizeoftheirantlers”指根據(jù)鹿角的形狀和大小來估計(jì)雄性麋鹿的年齡。故選A?！?7題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：由于他們的努力，在過去的幾年里，麋鹿的數(shù)量逐漸恢復(fù)。A.changed改變；B.promoted促進(jìn)；C.witnessed目擊；D.experienced經(jīng)歷。根據(jù)主語“thepastseveralyearshave”可知，這里指在過去的幾年里，麋鹿的數(shù)量逐漸恢復(fù)，主語為時(shí)間，表示“見證”動(dòng)詞用witness為固定用法。故選C?！?8題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：由于他們的努力，在過去的幾年里，麋鹿的數(shù)量逐漸恢復(fù)。A.recovery恢復(fù)；B.decline減少；C.limitation限制；D.study學(xué)習(xí)，研究。根據(jù)上文“Thankstotheirefforts”可知在他們的努力下，麋鹿的數(shù)量逐漸恢復(fù)。后文“themiludeerisnowprosperinginitshomecountry.”也是提示。故選A。【39題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：曾經(jīng)在中國(guó)絕跡的麋鹿，在世界上僅存18只，現(xiàn)在在它的祖國(guó)繁盛起來。A.famous出名的；B.extinct滅絕的；C.important重要的；D.prosperous繁榮的。根據(jù)后文“survivingintheworld”可知，曾經(jīng)在中國(guó)絕跡的麋鹿，在世界上僅存18只，故選B?！?0題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：曾經(jīng)在中國(guó)絕跡的麋鹿，在世界上僅存18只，現(xiàn)在在它的祖國(guó)繁盛起來。A.females女性；B.groups團(tuán)隊(duì)；C.males男性；D.individuals個(gè)體。此處指18只麋鹿個(gè)體，應(yīng)用名詞individuals。故選D。第二節(jié)(共10小題;每小題1.5分，滿分15分)閱讀下面材料，在空白處填入適當(dāng)?shù)膬?nèi)容(1個(gè)單詞)或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。Wouldyouliketohaveyourownsatellite?YoucannowbuyoneonTaobao!Commsat,aChinesecommercialspacecompany,has____41____(recent)putthreecommercialsatellitesontheshelvesof____42____(it)storeonTaobao.Thesimplestsatellite,weighinglessthan5kilograms,____43____(call)the1Ucubesatellite(1U立方星),____44____costs2millionyuan.Itlookslikeamagiccubeontheoutside,butitisequippedwithspacecamerasandsolarpanels(太陽能板).Targetedatschooleducation,itcouldenablestudentstooperatesatelliteslikespace____45____(scientist),accordingtoCommsat.Itcanalsobeusedforresearchpurposes.Thecompanyalsoofferssatelliteservices,suchastakingselfies(自拍照)withtheEarth.Thecustomeronlyneedstouploadtheirownphotos,____46____thesatellitewillshowthephotoorscreenorinspace.ItwilltaketheselfieusingEarth____47____thebackground.ChineseinternetcelebrityLuoYonghaosoldCommsat’ssatelliteinhislivestreaming(直播)eventonMarch31st.Abuyer____48____(buy)thefirstsatellitesixminutesaftertheevenstarted,____49____(mark)thefirstpurchaseofasatelliteonane-commerceplatformintheworld,accordingtoBeijingDaily.Althoughbuyingsuchhigh-endproductsseemsfarawayfrommostpeople’slives,itwillhelppopularizespacetechnology,_____50_____(comment)GlobalTimes.【答案】41.recently42.its43.iscalled44.which45.scientists46.and##then47.as48.bought49.marking50.commented【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。主要說明了中國(guó)商業(yè)航天公司Commsat最近在淘寶上的商店上架了三顆商業(yè)衛(wèi)星。中國(guó)網(wǎng)紅羅永浩在3月31日的直播活動(dòng)中出售了Commsat的衛(wèi)星。據(jù)《北京日?qǐng)?bào)》報(bào)道，一名買家在直播開始六分鐘后就購(gòu)買了第一顆衛(wèi)星，這是全球電子商務(wù)平臺(tái)上首次購(gòu)買衛(wèi)星。41題詳解】考查副詞。句意：中國(guó)商業(yè)航天公司Commsat最近在淘寶上的商店上架了三顆商業(yè)衛(wèi)星。修飾動(dòng)詞put應(yīng)用