新課標(biāo)2024高考英語一輪復(fù)習(xí)課時(shí)作業(yè)11-1Friendship新人教版必修1

PAGE1課時(shí)作業(yè)11-1FriendshipⅠ.閱讀下列各句，在空白處填入適當(dāng)?shù)膬?nèi)容(1個(gè)單詞)或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的適當(dāng)形式。1．Beforedrivingintothecity,youarerequiredtogetyourcar________(wash)．2．You'dbetteradd________yourscoresandseeifyouhavepassedtheexam.3．Isuggestthatheshouldcalm________，orelsehecouldmakethingsworse.4．Withmoreandmoreforestsdisappearing,todaythepublicismuchconcerned________thewaynatureisbeingruined.5．While________(stay)inthevillage，Jamsselflesslysharedwhateverhehadwiththevillagerswithoutaskingforanythinginreturn.6．Notuntilhewent________realhardshipdidherealizethelovewehaveforourfamiliesisimportant.7．Heset________everythinghewent________inthesmalltown.8．Therewasatime________theskywasblueandtheairwasclean.9．Heletoutthesecret________purpose________ordertoearnmoney.10．Itwasthefirsttimeshe________(witness)suchaheavysnowstorm.11．Ioftentalkwithmydaughterface________face________dusk.12．Beinginjuredinthelegmade________impossibleformetowalkasfastasusual.13．Wesuffered________aseriesofnaturaldisastersinthe1980s.14．Tired________switchingfromonecompanytoanother,hefinallyfoundapermanentjobinthegovernment.15．Ihadtrouble________(figure)outwhathemeant.16．Wefell________lovewiththevillageandgotalongwell________thelocalpeople.17．It'snopleasure________(go)campingonsuchafoggyday.18．Mymother________(entire)devotedherselftohelpingthepoorchildren.19．Heworked________(outdoor)andgotsunburnt.20．Thetwobrotherslook________(exact)alike.答案1．washed2.up3.down4.about5.staying6．through7.down;through8.when9.on;in10．hadwitnessed11.to;at12.it13.from14．of15.(in)figuring16.in;with17.going18．entirely19.outdoors20.exactlyⅡ.閱讀理解A(2024年高考·課標(biāo)全國卷Ⅱ)We'veallbeenthere:inalift,inlineatthebankoronanairplane，surroundedbypeoplewhoare,likeus，deeplyfocusedontheirsmartphonesor,worse,strugglingwiththeuncomfortablesilence.What'stheproblem?It'spossiblethatweallhavecompromisedconversationalintelligence.It'smorelikelythatnoneofusstartaconversationbecauseit'sawkwardandchallenging,orwethinkit'sannoyingandunnecessary.Butthenexttimeyoufindyourselfamongstrangers，considerthatsmalltalkisworththetrouble.Expertssayit'saninvaluablesocialpracticethatresultsinbigbenefits.Dismissingsmalltalkasunimportantiseasy,butwecan'tforgetthatdeeprelationshipswouldn'tevenexistifitweren'tforcasualconversation.Smalltalkisthegrease(潤滑劑)forsocialcommunication,saysBernardoCarducci,directoroftheShynessResearchInstituteatIndianaUniversitySoutheast.“Almosteverygreatlovestoryandeachbigbusinessdealbeginswithsmalltalk，”heexplains,“Thekeytosuccessfulsmalltalkislearninghowtoconnectwithothers,notjustcommunicatewiththem.”Ina2024study,ElizabethDunn,associateprofessorofpsychologyatUBC,invitedpeopleontheirwayintoacoffeeshop.Onegroupwasaskedtoseekoutaninteraction(互動(dòng))withitswaiter;theother,tospeakonlywhennecessary.Theresultsshowedthatthosewhochattedwiththeirserverreportedsignificantlyhigherpositivefeelingsandabettercoffeeshopexperience.“It'snotthattalkingtothewaiterisbetterthantalkingtoyourhusband，”saysDunn.“Butinteractionswithperipheral(邊緣的)membersofoursocialnetworkmatterforourwell-beingalso.”Dunnbelievesthatpeoplewhoreachouttostrangersfeelasignificantlygreatersenseofbelonging,abondwithothers.Carduccibelievesdevelopingsuchasenseofbelongingstartswithsmalltalk.“Smalltalkisthebasisofgoodmanners，”hesays.1．Whatphenomenonisdescribedinthefirstparagraph?A．Addictiontosmartphones.B．Inappropriatebehavioursinpublicplaces.C．Absenceofcommunicationbetweenstrangers.D．Impatiencewithslowservice.2．WhatisimportantforsuccessfulsmalltalkaccordingtoCarducci?A．Showinggoodmanners. B．Relatingtootherpeople.C．Focusingonatopic.D．Makingbusinessdeals.3．Whatdoesthecoffee-shopstudysuggestaboutsmalltalk?A．Itimprovesfamilyrelationships.B．Itraisespeople'sconfidence.C．Itmattersasmuchasaformaltalk.D．Itmakespeoplefeelgood.4．Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A．ConversationCountsB．WaysofMakingSmallTalkC．BenefitsofSmallTalkD．UncomfortableSilence答案與解析本篇是關(guān)于人際交往的說明文，主題是講閑聊的重要性。1．C細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)題干的關(guān)鍵詞“firstparagraph”定位到文章的第一段，依據(jù)內(nèi)容surroundedbypeoplewhoare,likeus,deeplyfocusedontheirsmartphonesor,worse,strugglingwiththeuncomfortablesilence,表達(dá)含義是：圍圍著一些，就像我們這樣的，專注手機(jī)的人或者更為糟糕的是在這種令人不舒適的寧靜中掙扎，所以選項(xiàng)C正確。2．B細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)題干的關(guān)鍵詞“successfulsmalltalk和Carducci”定位到文章的第三段Carducci所說的三句話，分別是smalltalkisthegreaseforsocialcommunication;almosteverygreatlovestoryandeachbigbusinessdealbeginswithsmalltalk;最核心的句子是最終一句：Thekeytosuccessfulsmalltalkislearninghowtoconnectwithothers,notjustcommunicatewiththem.表達(dá)含義是：勝利談話的關(guān)鍵是學(xué)會(huì)如何和別人產(chǎn)生聯(lián)系而不僅僅是和他們溝通，所以選項(xiàng)B正確。3．D細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)題干的關(guān)鍵詞“coffee-shopstudy”定位到文章的第四段，依據(jù)兩組對(duì)比產(chǎn)生的結(jié)果：Theresultsshowedthatthosewhochattedwiththeirserverreportedsignificantlyhigherpositivefeelingsandabettercoffeeshopexperience.表達(dá)含義是：結(jié)果顯示這些和服務(wù)員閑聊的人都會(huì)報(bào)告說有更主動(dòng)的感受和更好的咖啡店的體驗(yàn)，所以選項(xiàng)D正確。4．C主旨大意題。依據(jù)題干的關(guān)鍵詞“besttitle”得知這是一道主旨大意題，所以這道題只有縱觀全文，當(dāng)然可以借助前面兩道題的題干知道文章關(guān)鍵詞就是“smalltalk”，所以鎖定B和C項(xiàng)，再結(jié)合文章大意得知文章重點(diǎn)描述：閑聊的好處而非如何進(jìn)行閑聊，所以選項(xiàng)C正確。BTheworld'spopulationisprojectedtoreach11billionbytheendofthecentury.Feedingthatmanypeoplewillbeachallenge,anditisfurthercomplicatedbytheimpactofclimatechangeonagriculture.Thatiswhysomepeopleadvocateanunusualwaytoboostthefoodsupplyandfeedpeoplesustainablybyeatinglessmeatandmoreinsects.About2billionpeoplealreadyeatbugs.Mexicansenjoychilly-toastedgrasshoppers.Thaistuckintocricketstir-friesandGhanaianssnackontermites.InsectsareslowlycreepingontoWesternmenusasnoveltyitems,butmostpeopleremainsqueamish(拘謹(jǐn))．Yettherearethreereasonswhyeatinginsectsmakessense.First,theyarehealthierthanmeat.Therearenearly2，000kindsofedibleinsects,manyofthempackedwithprotein,calcium,fiber,ironandzinc.Asmallservingofgrasshopperscancontainaboutthesameamountofproteinasasimilarsizedservingofbeef,buthasfarlessfatandfarfewercalories.Second,raisinginsectsischeap,orfree.Littletechnologyorinvestmentisneededtoproducethem.Harvestinginsectscouldprovidelivelihoodstosomeoftheworld'spoorestpeople.Finally,insectsarefarmoresustainablesourceoffoodthanlivestock.Livestockproductionaccountsfornearlyafifthofallgreenhousegasemissions,that'smorethantransport.Bycontrast,insectsproducerelativelyfewgreenhousegasesandraisingthemrequiresmuchlesslandandwater.Andtheyeatalmostanything.Despiteallthis,mostWesternersfindinsectshardtoswallow.Onesolutionistouseproteinextractedfrombugsinotherproductssuchasreadymealsandpastasauces.Nothavingtolookatthebugsandemphasizingtheenvironmentalbenefitsmightmaketheideaofeatinginsectsabitmorepalatable.5．Whatisthedirectreasonwhysomepeopleadvocateeatinginsects?A．Insufficientfoodsupply.B．Climatechange.C．Therapidincreaseofpopulation.D．Insects'highnutrition.6．Fromthepassage,wecaninferthat________．A．eatinginsectsishealthierthaneatingbeefB．eatinginsectsispopularamongwesternersC．eatinginsectscanhelppeopleloseweightD．eatinginsectscauseslessdamagetotheenvironment7．Howcanwemakeitmoreacceptabletoeatinsects?A．Byclosingyoureyeswheneatinginsects.B．Byeatinginsectstogetherwithotherfood.C．Byputtinginsects'nutrientsintootherfoodproducts.D．Byconsideringtheenvironmentalbenefitsofeatinginsects.答案與解析這篇文章主要講了由于將來世界人口的持續(xù)增長，導(dǎo)致食物供應(yīng)不足，所以有人提議吃昆蟲，并且對(duì)吃昆蟲的好處進(jìn)行了分析。5．A細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)Feedingthatmanypeoplewillbeachallenge,anditisfurthercomplicatedbytheimpactofclimatechangeonagriculture.Thatiswhysomepeopleadvocateanunusualwaytoboostthefoodsupplyandfeedpeoplesustainablybyeatinglessmeatandmoreinsects.可知一些人提倡吃昆蟲的最干脆的緣由就是食物供應(yīng)不足，選A。6．D推理推斷題。由Bycontrast,insectsproducerelativelyfewgreenhousegasesandraisingthemrequiresmuchlesslandandwater.Andtheyeatalmostanything.可推斷出人類吃昆蟲對(duì)環(huán)境造成的危害更少，選D。7．C細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。由Onesolutionistouseproteinextractedfrombugsinotherproductssuchasreadymealsandpastasauces.Nothavingtolookatthebugsandemphasizingtheenvironmentalbenefitsmightmaketheideaofeatinginsectsabitmorepalatable.可知把昆蟲的養(yǎng)分放入其他食物里，這樣我們更簡單接受吃昆蟲，選C。Ⅲ.語法填空閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入適當(dāng)?shù)膬?nèi)容(1個(gè)單詞)或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。(2024年高考·課標(biāo)全國卷Ⅰ)Accordingtoareviewofevidenceinamedicaljournal,runnerslivethreeyears__1__(long)thannon-runners.Youdon'thavetorunfastorforlong__2__(see)thebenefit.Youmaydrink,smoke,beoverweightandstillreduceyourriskof__3__(die)earlybyrunning.Whilerunningregularlycan'tmakeyouliveforever,thereviewsaysit__4__(be)moreeffectiveatlengtheninglife__5__walking,cyclingorswimming.Twooftheauthorsofthereviewalso