2024屆浙江省寧波市高三下學期第二次模擬考試英語試題 （原卷版）

寧波市2023學年第二學期高考與選考模擬考試英語試卷注意事項：1.答卷前，考生務(wù)必將自己的姓名、準考證號填寫在答題卡上。2.回答選擇題時，選出每小題答案后，用鉛筆把答題卡上對應(yīng)題目的答案標號涂黑。如需改動，用橡皮擦干凈后，再選涂其他答案標號。回答非選擇題時，將答案寫在答題卡上，寫在本試卷上無效。3.考試結(jié)束后，將本試卷和答題卡一并交回。第一部分聽力（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）做題時，先將答案標在試卷上。錄音內(nèi)容結(jié)束后，你將有兩分鐘的時間將試卷上的答案轉(zhuǎn)涂到答題卡上。第一節(jié)（共5小題；每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分）聽下面5段對話．每段對話后有一個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項，并標在試卷的相應(yīng)位置。聽完每段對話后，你都有10秒鐘的時間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話僅讀一遍。1.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】Wheredoestheconversationprobablytakeplace?A.Inahospital. B.Inafactory. C.Inahotel.2.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】Whenwillthespeakersarriveattheairportprobably?A.At3:30. B.At4:30. C.At5:30.3.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】Whatsuggestiondoesthewomangivetotheman?A.Avoidingworkingatnight. B.GettingallthepartsfromJapan. C.Buyinganewwashingmachine.4.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】Whatarethespeakerstalkingabout?A.HowtogettoNewYork. B.Howtoenterforacourse. C.Howtogetadrivinglicence.5.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】Whatkeptthewomanawakelastnight?A.Theheat. B.Therepairsofthepower. C.Thestorm.第二節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分）聽下面5段對話或獨白。每段對話或獨白后有幾個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項，并標在試卷的相應(yīng)位置。聽每段對話或獨白前，你將有時間閱讀各個小題，每小題5秒鐘；聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時間，每段對話或獨白讀兩遍。聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題?！敬颂幙刹シ畔嚓P(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】6.Whydoesthewomantalktotheman?A.Tocanceltheirplan. B.Tomakeaninvitation. C.Toaskforinformation.7.Whatdoesthemandecidetodothisevening?A.Seeabandshow. B.Buyticketsonline. C.Accompanyhisparents.聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題?！敬颂幙刹シ畔嚓P(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】8.Howisthehouseusuallyheated?ABycoal. B.Byelectricity. C.Bywood.9.Whatwillthewomandonext?A.Makeaphonecall. B.Buyaheater. C.Cooksupper.聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題。【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】10.Whatistherelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Neighbors. B.Colleagues. C.Husbandandwife.11.Whatdidthemandothisafternoon?A.Hedidhiswork.B.Hefixedhiscomputer.C.Hetooksomeexercise.12.Whatdoesthewomanwantthemantodo?A.Stopplayingamusicalinstrument.B.Gooutsomewhere.C.Helpherwiththepaper.13.Howdoesthemanfeelaboutthewoman’srequest?A.Embarrassed. B.Astonished. C.Angry.聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題?！敬颂幙刹シ畔嚓P(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】14.What’stheconversationmainlyabout?A.Fightingfire. B.Detectingfire. C.Preventingfire.15.Whatcanweknowfromtheconversation?A.Australialost4%ofitstrees.B.ThesystemisusedinAmerica.C.Thesystemwilluseheatcameras.16.Whatsizeoffirecanthenewsystemdiscover?A.Thesizeofacar. B.Thesizeofaplane. C.Thesizeofafootballfield.17.Whatisthewoman’sconcernbesidestrees?A.Protectinghumans. B.Purifyingtheair. C.Savinganimals.聽下面一段獨白，回答以下小題。【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】18.Whatisthespeakerdoing?ATeachingaclass. B.Reportingastudy. C.Chairingameeting.19.Whatisthemostimportantpartoftakingnotes?A.Reading. B.Listening. C.Writing.20.Whatisoneoftheadvantagesofusingsymbols?A.Itkeepsinformationsecret. B.Itleavesspaceforfutureuse. C.Itmakeskeywordsnoticeable.第二部分閱讀理解（共兩節(jié)，滿分50分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個選項中，選出最佳答案。ABritishcinemaboastsarichdiversityoffilmsthatweaveappealingnarrativeswithstunninglandscapesandfascinatingcharacters.ThesefilmscelebratethediversebeautyandculturalheritageofBritain.LocalHeroLocalHerodigsintotheconflictbetweenagiantUSoilcompanyandaremoteScottishvillagewhentheformerplanstobuildarefinery.However,theexceptionallybeautifullandscapesandthefirmattitudeofthevillagersswaythecompany’sdecision.Thestoryhasbeenalastingappealtoaudiences,evenafteroverfourdecades.KesBritishdirectorKenLoach’sfirsttriumph,Kes,describesthetouchingnarrativeofayoungYorkshireboytakingthejourneyofcapturingandtraininganeagle.ThefilmoffersararedescriptionofYorkshire,filledwithatenderlensthatcelebratesitsessence.TheDigThedelightfulcountiessurroundingLondonarevividlydepictedinTheDig,setagainstthepeacefulcountrysideofSuffolkbeforeWorldWarⅡ.RalphFiennes,afamousactor,playstheroleofaself-taughtarchaeologistunearthingthemysteriesofanAnglo-Saxongraveyard,addingtoitsfun.CalvaryIrishdirectorMichaelMcDonagh’sfilmssetinIrelandareundoubtedlyattractive,oftenintegratingIreland’spicturesquesceneryintothestory.Amongthese,Calvary,standsout.Itrecordsthedifficultandtiringjourneyofamoralpriest,dealingwiththeevilforceswithinhisarea.21.Whichofthefollowingfilmswillappealtocurioushistorylovers?A.TheDig. B.LocalHero. C.Kes. D.Calvary.22.WhatisthesettingofthefilmLocalHero?A.AYorkshirevillage. B.AremoteScottishvillage.C.ThecountrysideofSuffolk. D.TheAnglo-Saxongraveyard.23.WhatisthethemeoftheBritishfilmsmentionedinthetext?A.ThemoraldilemmaofanIrishpriest.B.ThenationalandculturalheritageofBritain.C.ThebeautyanddiversityofBritishlandscapesandcharacters.D.TheadventuresofYorkshireboyscapturingandtrainingeagles.BThedayImetHaniIrmawati,shestoodaloneintheparkinglotoftheInternationalschool,ashyseventeen-year-oldinwornclothing.Despitetheschool’spolicyagainstIndonesianstudents,sheapproachedme,beggingtoimproveherEnglish.WhenIinquiredabouthermotivation,expectingalocaljobsearch,shequietlyexpressedherdreamofattendinganAmericanuniversity.Movedbyherdetermination,Ivolunteeredtohelpherafterschool.Eachday,Haniwokeatdawn,studyingonthebustoherpublichighschool,thenjoiningmeintheafternoon,exhaustedbuteagertolearn.Despiteherstruggleswithcollege-levelEnglish,herperseveranceamazedme.Hani’sfamilylivedmodestly,herparentsworkingasacustodianandamaid.Theirincomecouldn’tsupportherAmericanuniversityaspirations,dampeningmyinitialoptimism.InDecember1998,ascholarshipopportunityarose,butuponreviewingtherequirements,Idespaired.Hanilackedtheextracurricularexperienceandstandardizedtestscorestypicalofapplicants.Despitemydiscouragement,sheremainedresolute,askingmetosubmitherapplication.Unabletorefuse,Icompletedtheapplication,highlightinghercourageandperseverance.Iwarnedherofslimacceptanceodds,butsheremainedsteadfast.Inthefollowingweeks,HaniintensifiedherEnglishstudies,andIarrangedforhertotaketheTestofEnglishFluency.Thecomputerizedtestposedasignificantchallengeforher.Justbeforedepartingforthetest,shereceivedaletterfromthescholarshipassociation.Ibeganreadingtheletterwithher,onlytodiscovershe’dbeenaccepted.Overjoyed,IcelebratedwhileHanistoodquietly,perhapsbewilderedbymyshock.Inthatmoment,IrealizedwhatHanihadknownallalong:successrequiresnotjustintelligence,butalsothedrivetopersevereandthecouragetobelieveinoneself.24.WhatmotivatedHanitoimproveherEnglish?A.Pressurefromfamilymembers. B.Curiosityaboutforeignlanguages.C.Jobprospectsinthelocalcommunity. D.AmbitionofenteringanAmericanuniversity.25.WhatcanweinferaboutthedifficultiesthatHanihad?A.Hani’sparentswereunsupportiveofherdream.B.Haniwasuninterestedinextracurricularactivities.C.Hani’sapplicationformwasnotsubmittedontime.D.Haniwasnotacademicallyqualifiedforthescholarship.26.HowdidtheauthorlikelyfeelupondiscoveringHani’sacceptancetothescholarship?A.Surprisedandproud. B.Relievedbutenvious.C.Touchedandhonored. D.Shockedbutconcerned.27.Whichofthefollowingisthebesttitleforthetext?A.FromShynesstoSuccess B.AScholar’sJourneyC.ThePowerofPerseverance D.Hani’sUnrealisticDreamCLaughtercomesinmanyforms,fromapolitechuckletoaninfectioushowlofamusement.ScientistsarenowdevelopinganAIsystemthatcancopyvariousformsoflaughteraccurately.Theteambehindthelaughingrobot,Erica,saythatthesystemcouldimprovenaturalconversationsbetweenpeopleandAIsystems.Dr.KojiInoue,leadauthoroftheresearchfromKyotoUniversity,highlightsempathy(共情)asacrucialaspectofconversationalAI,suggestinglaughtersharingasameansforrobotstoconnectwithusers.Toachievethis,Inoueandhisteamgathereddatafromover80speed-datingdialoguesbetweenmalestudentsandErica,initiallyoperatedbyamateuractors.Dialoguedatalabeledforindividual,social,andjoyfullaughterwasusedtotrainanAIsystemtoidentifyandproducefittinglaughterresponses.Basedontheaudiofiles,thealgorithm(算法)learnedtheirsubtledifferences,aimingtoimitatesociallaughssubtlyandheartylaughsempathetically.“Ourbiggestchallengeinthisworkwasidentifyingtheactualcasesofsharedlaughter,”explainedInoue,emphasizingtheneedforcarefulcategorization.Erica’s“senseofhumor”wastestedwithfourdialogues,integratingthenewshared-laughteralgorithm.ThesewerecomparedtocaseswhereEricadidn’tlaughoremittedsociallaughsupondetectinglaughter.Theclipswereplayedto130volunteerswhoratedtheshared-laughteralgorithmhighlyforempathyandnaturalness.Theteambelievedlaughtercouldimbuerobotswithuniquecharactertraits,includingconversationalbehaviorslikelaughter,eyegaze,gestures,andspeakingstyle.However,Inoueacknowledgeditcouldtakeover20yearstohavea“casualchatwitharobotlikewewouldwithafriend.”ProfessorSandraWachter,oftheOxfordInternetInstituteattheUniversityofOxford,said,“OneofthethingsI’dkeepinmindisthatarobotoralgorithmwillneverbeabletounderstandyou.Itdoesn’tunderstandthemeaningoflaughter.Theyfailtofeel,buttheymightgetverygoodatmakingyoubelievetheyunderstandwhat’sgoingon.”28.WhydoscientistsdeveloptheAIsystemthatcancopyvariousformsoflaughter?A.Tomakerobotssoundmorehuman-like.B.Tohelprobotsunderstandhumanemotionsbetter.C.Toenablerobotstohaveasenseofhumorlikehumans.D.ToenhancetheemotionalinteractionbetweenpeopleandAIsystems.29.WhatwasthechallengeInouefacedwhileworkingonthisproject?A.Creatinganalgorithmthatcangenuinelyfeelamusement.B.Identifyingthesituationswherelaughteristrulyunderstood.C.Distinguishingbetweendifferenttypesoflaughteraccurately.D.Collectingsufficientdatafortrainingthemachinelearningsystem.30.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“imbue”meaninParagraph5?A.Equip. B.Inspire. C.Engage. D.Influence.31.WhatisProfessorSandraWachter’sviewonlaughingrobots?A.Theyarenotcapableofcapturinghumanlaughter.B.Theycanimitatelaughterbutlackthoroughcomprehension.C.Itispossibleforthemtoplaytricksonhumansoccasionally.D.Itwilltakelongbeforehumanshavecomfortableconversationswiththem.DInaworldofmusicstreamingservices,accesstoalmostanysongisjustafewclicksaway.Yet,theliveperformanceliveson.Peoplestillfillsweatybasements,muddyfieldsandgildedconcerthallstoheartheirfavouritemusiciansplay.Andnowneuroscientistsmightknowwhy—livemusicengagesthebrain’semotioncentresmorethanitsrecordedcounterpart.Concertsareimmersive(沉浸式的)socialexperiencesinwhichpeoplelistentoandfeelthemusictogetherthroughcrescendos,keychangesandrhythmicdrops.Moreover,theyaredynamic—artistscanadapttheirplayingaccordingtothecrowd’sreaction.Itwasthislastdifferencethatledneuroscientists,basedattheUniversitiesofZurichandOslo,tostudythebrainresponsesofpeoplelisteningtomusic.Inthe“l(fā)ive”experiment,participantslayinanMRIscannerlisteningtothemusicthroughearphones,whileapianistwaspositionedoutsidetheroom.Thepianistwasshowntheparticipant’sreal-timebrainactivityasaformoffeedback.Intherecordedcondition,participantslistenedtopre-recordedversionsofthesametunes.Thescientistswereinterestedinhowlivemusicaffectedtheareasofthebrainresponsibleforprocessingemotions,particularlytheamygdala,anareadeepinsidethebrain.Theresults,justpublishedinthejournalPNAS,revealedthatlivemusichadasignificantlygreateremotionalimpact.Whetherthemusicconveyedhappinessorsadness,dynamicliveperformancesledtoincreasedactivitynotonlyintheamygdalabutalsootherpartsofthebrain’semotionprocessingnetwork.Theresearchersalsofoundthatparticipants’brainactivitytrackedtheacoustic(聲學的)featuresofthemusic,liketempoandpitch,farmorecloselywhenitwasplayedlive.Whilethestudydidn’tfullyrecreatetheliveconcertexperience,thefindingssuggestthatartists’abilitytoadjusttheirperformanceinrealtimecontributestotheemotionalresonance(共鳴)oflivemusic.Somemusicalactsnowattempttorecreateliveconcerts,suchasABBAVoyage,animmersivepre-recordedVRconcert,butwithoutartists’capacitytoreadaudience’smoodandrespondaccordingly,itwillneverquitematchtherealthing.32.Whydopeopleattendliveshowsdespitemusicstreamingservices?A.Becausetheypreferbeingwithfriendsataconcert.B.Becausetheyenjoytheprocessoffindingpopularmusic.C.Becausetheyintendtomeettheirfavoritemusiciansinperson.D.Becausetheyvaluetheemotionalconnectionlivemusicbrings.33.Theroleofthepianistplayinthe“l(fā)ive”experimentisto_______.A.observetheparticipants’brainactivityasfeedbackB.comparetheeffectivenessofliveperformancesandrecordedonesC.provideliveaccompanimenttoparticipantsinsidetheMRIscannerD.demonstratetheirabilitytoreadandrespondtotheaudience’smood34.WhatdidthestudypublishedinPNASfindabouttheimpactoflivemusiconthebrain?A.Livemusicaffectedonlytheamygdalaofthebrain.B.Thebrainrespondedmoreintenselytoacousticfeaturesoflivemusic.C.Livemusichadareducedemotionalimpactcomparedtorecordedmusic.D.Theparticipants’brainactivitywasespeciallysensitivetodynamicmusic.35.WhatdoestheauthorsuggestbymentioningABBAVoyageinthelastparagraph?A.Itfailstocreateaperfectperformingatmosphere.B.Itmatchesthesoundqualityofliveperformances.C.Itgreatlystirsuptheaudience’semotionalresponse.D.Itlacksartists’responsebasedonaudience’sfeedback.第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分）根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項.Thesolutiontoanydespairmightbehope,expertssay.It’sbelievinginabrighterfutureandactingtowardsit.____36____Herearestrategiesthatcanhelpcultivatehope.AsHellman,anassistantprofessorofpsychologyatSuffolkUniversityinBoston,pointsout,“Hopebegetshope,andithassuchasignificantprotectivefactor.”____37____Makeitapointtoalwaysbeworkingtowardatleastonegoalthat’smeaningful,Hellmanadvises.Inotherwords,itshouldn’tbesomethingyouhavetodobutsomethingyouwanttodo.“Goalscanbeanythingthat’simportanttous,”hesays.Brainstormsolutions.Ifyou’vesetagoalthat’smeaningfultoyou,butyoucan’tfigureoutawaytoachieveit,you’llprobablyfeelprettyhopeless.Peoplewhoarehighinhope,meanwhile,tendtogeneratelotsofways.____38____Ifyou’restrugglingtomakeaplan,Hellmansuggestssittingdownwithapenandpaperandgivingyourselfanhourtobrainstormsolutions.Seekoutsuccessstories.It’ssaidthatpeoplecultivatehopebyseekingsupportfromtheirparentsandspecificteachers.Buttheyalsogotalotoutoflearningaboutotherpeoplewhohavedonewellforthemselves.Hellmansays,“____39____”Tapintoyourimagination.Hellmanthinksofimaginationas“theinstrumentofhope”.Let’ssayyousetagoalfortheweek.Spendafewminutesreflectingonortalkingaboutwhatwouldhappenifyouachievedit.“Howdoesitimpactyou,orhowwoulditbenefitothers?”hesays.“____40____Andwhenyoucanseeyourselfinthefuture,thatistheveryessenceofhope.”A.Dosomethingmeaningful.B.Itcanbetaughtandnurtured.C.Thinkinagoal-orientedway.D.Withthesegoodexamples,peopleareboundtobesuccessful.E.So,ifonedoesn’tworkout,theyhaveanalternativeattheready.F.Byseeingotherpeoplesucceed,theyfeelliketheycouldsucceed.G.YouandIhavethiswonderfulcapacitytoplayamovieinourhead.第三部分語言知識運用（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1分，滿分15分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C和D四個選項中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。InaremotevillagelivedanelderlywomannamedAmelia.Despitethepassingyearssheremainedas____41____asever.Amelia’sdearest____42____washerfaithfuldog,Rufus,whohadbeenbyhersidethroughthickandthin.Onecoolautumnmorning,tragedy____43____thevillage—afiercestormsweptthrough,leavingdamageonitsway.Homesweredamaged,fields____44____,andmanyofthevillagersfoundthemselvesinneedofhelp.Ameliarealizedshehadtodosomethingto____45____herneighbors.WithRufusbyherside,she____46____offeringaidwhereveritwasneeded.Theyworked____47____,clearingruins,mendingroofs,andproviding____48____tothosewhohadlostsomuch.Asdaysturnedintoweeksandthevillageslowlybeganto____49____,wordofAmelia’sselflessacts____50____farandwide.Thecommunityapplaudedforherasahero,praisingherunyieldingdeterminationandkindnessinthefaceof____51____.ButAmeliaremainedmodest,____52____thatshehadsimplydonewhatanyonewoulddoinsuchasituation.Aswinter____53____uponthevillage,bringingwithitablanketofsnow,AmeliasatbythefireplacewithRufusatherfeet.Thoughtheywere____54____fromtheirefforts,theirheartswerefull,knowingtheyhadmadea(an)____55____inthelivesofthosearoundthem.41.A.energetic B.gentle C.stubborn D.humble42.A.present B.companion C.possession D.defender43.A.embraced B.ruined C.polished D.struck44.A.polluted B.flooded C.occupied D.deserted45.A.welcome B.consult C.assist D.inform46.A.gotdownto B.cameupwith C.wentonwith D.gotcloseto47A.hesitantly B.attentively C.tirelessly D.fruitfully48.A.reward B.comfort C.pleasure D.guidance49.A.recover B.collapse C.transform D.decline50.A.accumulated B.doubled C.echoed D.spread51.Atemptation B.adversity C.glory D.success52.A.boasting B.promising C.clarifying D.insisting53.A.fell B.rested C.landed D.depended54.A.motivated B.annoyed C.exhausted D.thrilled55.A.conclusion B.agreement C.difference D.comment第二節(jié)（共10小題；每小題1.5分，滿分15分）閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個適當?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。Inanageofrapidlygrowingurbanization,rooftopfarminghasemergedasasustainableresponse____56____thechallengeofcreatinggreenspaceincities.Thisinnovativepracticetransformsrooftopsintominifarms,wherevegetables,fruits,andevenflowers____57____(plant),providinglocalresidentswithfreshproduceandaddingatouchofnaturetourbanenvironments.Rooftopfarming,also____58____(refer)toasverticalagriculture,ismorethanjustatrend;it’sasteptowardsenvironmentalconservation.Greenroofswithvegetationhelptoabsorbsunlightandreleasemoisture,coolingtheairandreducingthedemandforairconditioning,____59____inturnlessensenergy____60____(consume)andcarbonemission.Meanwhile,rooftopfarmsserveaseducationalplatforms,____61____(teach)citydwellersaboutsustainableagriculturepracticesandtheimportanceoflocally____62____(source)food.Asurbanpopulationscontinuetogrow,rooftopfarmingfosterscommunityengagement____63____promoteshealthierlifestylesbyprovidingaccesstofreshandorganicproduce.Whenwelooktowards____64____futurewhereenvironmentalconsciousnessandsustainablepracticesbecomeincreasinglyvital,rooftopfarmingstandsasatestamenttoourabilitytocultivatemorethanjustfood—wecultivatehopefora_____65_____(green)andmoreresilientworld.第四部分寫作（共兩節(jié)，滿分40分）第一節(jié)（滿分15分）66.假定你是校英語報主編李華，你發(fā)現(xiàn)隨著信息技術(shù)的發(fā)展，高中生閱讀紙質(zhì)媒體的熱情在逐步減少，請你寫一篇英語短文，呼吁學生重拾對紙質(zhì)閱讀的熱情。具體內(nèi)容如下：1.介紹現(xiàn)狀；2.紙媒的重要性；3.提出呼吁。注意：1.詞數(shù)80左右；2.可適當增加細節(jié)，使內(nèi)容充實，行文連貫。EmbracingtheMagicofPrintMedia___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________第二節(jié)（滿分25分）67.閱讀下面材料，根據(jù)其內(nèi)容和所給段落開頭語續(xù)寫兩段，使之構(gòu)成一篇完整的短文。WheneverIspreadmarmalade(橘子醬),Iamremindedofmymother,afive-foot-tallangelwhoevenbefriendedaskunk(臭鼬).Oneday,whileshewasbusypickingbeansinthebackyard,shecameacrossaskunknomorethanameteraway.Theskunk’sembarrassmentwasevidentashehadundoubtedlybeenrummaging(亂翻)throughthegarbage.Hestillhadamarmaladejarstuckonhisnose.Momtookpityonhim.Insteadofworryingthecreaturewouldspraysomethingsmellyalloverherandthebeans,shesmiledcompassionatelyatthelittlethingande