《工業(yè)互聯(lián)網基礎（雙語）》課件-7.近距離無線通信技術

近距離無線通信技術工業(yè)互聯(lián)網基礎（雙語）Short-rangeWirelessCommunicationTechnology無線通信Wirelesscommunication無線通信，是指采用無線電磁波作為數(shù)據“載體”進行信息傳輸?shù)耐ㄐ欧绞?。Wirelesscommunicationreferstoacommunicationmethodthatuseswirelesselectromagneticwavesasadata“carrier”forinformationtransmission.無線通信方式也存在一些問題，例如，在工業(yè)現(xiàn)場中，易受環(huán)境中各種無線電磁波干擾，其傳輸速率與可靠性相比有線傳輸技術存在一定差距。Therearealsosomeproblemsofwirelesscommunicationmethods.Forexample,inindustrialsites,theyareeasytobeinterferedbyvariouswirelesselectromagneticwavesintheenvironment.Comparedwithwiredtransmissiontechnology,thereisacertaingapbetweenitstransmissionrateandreliability.不過隨著無線通信技術的快速迭代發(fā)展，尤其是5G時代的到來，將有力推動無線通信技術在工業(yè)領域的廣泛應用。However,withtherapiditerativedevelopmentofwirelesscommunicationtechnology,especiallythearrivalofthe5Gera,itwillstronglypromotethewidespreadapplicationofwirelesscommunicationtechnologyintheindustrialfield.根據國際電信聯(lián)盟定義，人類可以識別使用的電磁波頻率范圍從3kHz~300GHz。目前，用于無線電通信的頻率范圍一般為300MHz~30GHz。AccordingtothedefinitionoftheInternationalTelecommunicationUnion,thefrequencyrangeofelectromagneticwavesthathumanscanrecognizeanduserangesfrom3kHzto300GHz.Atpresent,thefrequencyrangeusedforradiocommunicationisgenerally300MHz~30GHz.遠距離無線通信技術long-distancewirelesscommunicationtechnology近距離無線通信技術short-distancewirelesscommunicationtechnology無線通信技術Wirelesscommunicationtechnology近距離無線通信技術Short-rangewirelesscommunicationtechnology近距離無線通信技術，是指通信雙方通過無線電波傳輸數(shù)據，并且傳輸距離在較近的范圍內，其應用范圍非常廣泛。Short-rangewirelesscommunicationtechnologymeansthatbothpartiesincommunicationuseradiowavestotransmitdata,andthetransmissiondistanceiswithinarelativelycloserange.Itiswidelyused.目前，應用較為廣泛及具有較好發(fā)展前景的近距離無線通信技術主要有：ZigBee技術、Bluetooth技術、Wi-Fi技術、UWB技術、NFC技術等。Atpresent,thewidelyusedandpromisingshort-rangewirelesscommunicationtechnologiesincludeZigBeetechnology,Bluetoothtechnology,WiFitechnology,UWBtechnology,NFCtechnology,etc.ZigBeeZigBee是一種新興的短距離、低速率、低功耗無線通信技術，其標準協(xié)議底層采用IEEE802.15.4標準規(guī)范的媒體訪問層與物理層。ZigBeeisanemergingwirelesscommunicationtechnologyfeaturingshort-distance,low-rateandlow-powerconsumption,anditsstandardprotocolbottomlayeradoptsthemediaaccessandphysicallayeroftheIEEE802.15.4standard.BluetoothBluetooth支持設備近距離通信的無線電技術，支持移動通信終端設備之間的通信，簡化設備與Internet網絡之間的通信，使得數(shù)據傳輸變得更加迅速高效。Bluetoothsupportstheshort-rangecommunicationradiotechnologyofthedevice,supportsthecommunicationbetweenmobilecommunicationterminaldevices,whichcansimplifythecommunicationbetweenthedeviceandtheInternet,andmakedatatransmissionmorerapidandefficient.Wi-FiWi-Fi，又稱無線寬帶。能夠在百米范圍內支持設備互聯(lián)接入，其技術標準為IEEE802.11。Wi-Fi的工作頻段分為2.4GHz和5GHz。Wi-Fi,alsoknownaswirelessbroadband.Itcansupportdeviceinterconnectionandaccesswithin100meters,anditstechnicalstandardisIEEE802.11.TheworkingfrequencybandofWi-Fiisdividedinto2.4GHzand5GHz.UWBUWB，又稱超寬帶。是一種無載波通信技術，利用納秒至微微秒級的非正弦波窄脈沖傳輸數(shù)據，其傳輸距離通常在10米以內。UWB,alsoknownasultra-wideband.Itisacarrier-freecommunicationtechnologythatusesnanosecondtopicosecondnon-sinewavenarrowpulsestotransmitdata,anditstransmissiondistanceisusuallywithin10meters.NFCNFC，又稱近場通信。是一種近距離高頻無線通信技術，NFC的工作頻率為13.56MHz，由13.56MHz的RFID技術發(fā)展而來。NFC,alsoknownasnearfieldcomm