《工業(yè)互聯(lián)網(wǎng)基礎(chǔ)（雙語）》課件-7.近距離無線通信技術(shù)

近距離無線通信技術(shù)工業(yè)互聯(lián)網(wǎng)基礎(chǔ)（雙語）Short-rangeWirelessCommunicationTechnology無線通信Wirelesscommunication無線通信，是指采用無線電磁波作為數(shù)據(jù)“載體”進(jìn)行信息傳輸?shù)耐ㄐ欧绞?。Wirelesscommunicationreferstoacommunicationmethodthatuseswirelesselectromagneticwavesasadata“carrier”forinformationtransmission.無線通信方式也存在一些問題，例如，在工業(yè)現(xiàn)場中，易受環(huán)境中各種無線電磁波干擾，其傳輸速率與可靠性相比有線傳輸技術(shù)存在一定差距。Therearealsosomeproblemsofwirelesscommunicationmethods.Forexample,inindustrialsites,theyareeasytobeinterferedbyvariouswirelesselectromagneticwavesintheenvironment.Comparedwithwiredtransmissiontechnology,thereisacertaingapbetweenitstransmissionrateandreliability.不過隨著無線通信技術(shù)的快速迭代發(fā)展，尤其是5G時代的到來，將有力推動無線通信技術(shù)在工業(yè)領(lǐng)域的廣泛應(yīng)用。However,withtherapiditerativedevelopmentofwirelesscommunicationtechnology,especiallythearrivalofthe5Gera,itwillstronglypromotethewidespreadapplicationofwirelesscommunicationtechnologyintheindustrialfield.根據(jù)國際電信聯(lián)盟定義，人類可以識別使用的電磁波頻率范圍從3kHz~300GHz。目前，用于無線電通信的頻率范圍一般為300MHz~30GHz。AccordingtothedefinitionoftheInternationalTelecommunicationUnion,thefrequencyrangeofelectromagneticwavesthathumanscanrecognizeanduserangesfrom3kHzto300GHz.Atpresent,thefrequencyrangeusedforradiocommunicationisgenerally300MHz~30GHz.遠(yuǎn)距離無線通信技術(shù)long-distancewirelesscommunicationtechnology近距離無線通信技術(shù)short-distancewirelesscommunicationtechnology無線通信技術(shù)Wirelesscommunicationtechnology近距離無線通信技術(shù)Short-rangewirelesscommunicationtechnology近距離無線通信技術(shù)，是指通信雙方通過無線電波傳輸數(shù)據(jù)，并且傳輸距離在較近的范圍內(nèi)，其應(yīng)用范圍非常廣泛。Short-rangewirelesscommunicationtechnologymeansthatbothpartiesincommunicationuseradiowavestotransmitdata,andthetransmissiondistanceiswithinarelativelycloserange.Itiswidelyused.目前，應(yīng)用較為廣泛及具有較好發(fā)展前景的近距離無線通信技術(shù)主要有：ZigBee技術(shù)、Bluetooth技術(shù)、Wi-Fi技術(shù)、UWB技術(shù)、NFC技術(shù)等。Atpresent,thewidelyusedandpromisingshort-rangewirelesscommunicationtechnologiesincludeZigBeetechnology,Bluetoothtechnology,WiFitechnology,UWBtechnology,NFCtechnology,etc.ZigBeeZigBee是一種新興的短距離、低速率、低功耗無線通信技術(shù)，其標(biāo)準(zhǔn)協(xié)議底層采用IEEE802.15.4標(biāo)準(zhǔn)規(guī)范的媒體訪問層與物理層。ZigBeeisanemergingwirelesscommunicationtechnologyfeaturingshort-distance,low-rateandlow-powerconsumption,anditsstandardprotocolbottomlayeradoptsthemediaaccessandphysicallayeroftheIEEE802.15.4standard.BluetoothBluetooth支持設(shè)備近距離通信的無線電技術(shù)，支持移動通信終端設(shè)備之間的通信，簡化設(shè)備與Internet網(wǎng)絡(luò)之間的通信，使得數(shù)據(jù)傳輸變得更加迅速高效。Bluetoothsupportstheshort-rangecommunicationradiotechnologyofthedevice,supportsthecommunicationbetweenmobilecommunicationterminaldevices,whichcansimplifythecommunicationbetweenthedeviceandtheInternet,andmakedatatransmissionmorerapidandefficient.Wi-FiWi-Fi，又稱無線寬帶。能夠在百米范圍內(nèi)支持設(shè)備互聯(lián)接入，其技術(shù)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)為IEEE802.11。Wi-Fi的工作頻段分為2.4GHz和5GHz。Wi-Fi,alsoknownaswirelessbroadband.Itcansupportdeviceinterconnectionandaccesswithin100meters,anditstechnicalstandardisIEEE802.11.TheworkingfrequencybandofWi-Fiisdividedinto2.4GHzand5GHz.UWBUWB，又稱超寬帶。是一種無載波通信技術(shù)，利用納秒至微微秒級的非正弦波窄脈沖傳輸數(shù)據(jù)，其傳輸距離通常在10米以內(nèi)。UWB,alsoknownasultra-wideband.Itisacarrier-freecommunicationtechnologythatusesnanosecondtopicosecondnon-sinewavenarrowpulsestotransmitdata,anditstransmissiondistanceisusuallywithin10meters.NFCNFC，又稱近場通信。是一種近距離高頻無線通信技術(shù)，NFC的工作頻率為13.56MHz，由13.56MHz的RFID技術(shù)發(fā)展而來。NFC,alsoknownasnearfieldcomm