專題01 詞匯知識梳理一：Unit 1-Unit 3（解析版）-2021-2022學(xué)年八年級英語下學(xué)期期末考點大串講（牛津上海版）

專題01詞匯知識梳理一：Unit1-Unit3Unit1:TreesI．重點詞匯1.fightern.斗士；戰(zhàn)士Thepolicefinallyarrestedthosefighters.警察最終逮捕了那些打架的人?！就卣埂縡ightn.打架，戰(zhàn)斗，斗志Thetwoboyshadafight.兩個男孩打了一架。fightv.(fought;fought)（常與against，with連用）打仗；戰(zhàn)斗fightforsth.為...而斗爭fightwithsb.和某人打架Theheroesallfoughtforfreedom.那些英雄為自由而斗爭。2.supposev.推想，假設(shè)Scientistssupposedthattheearthwillrunoutofitsresourceinthe20years.科學(xué)家們猜想地球上的資源將會在20年后用完?！咀⒁狻縮uppose（that），表示猜測，認為，若主句是否定形式，用法同guess/think/believe，且主語為第一人稱，應(yīng)將否定前移到主句。Idon’tsupposehisanswerisright.我認為他的答案是不對的。3.pureadj.純的，純粹的，純凈的Weneedpurewater.我們需要純凈水?！就卣埂縫urityn.純潔purelyadv.純潔的naturaladj.自然的，自然界的naturaldisaster自然災(zāi)害Itisnaturalforacattocatchmice.貓捉老鼠是本能?！局R拓展】naturen.自然，自然界，大自然Weneedtobemoreclosertonature.我們應(yīng)該多接近大自然。releasev.釋放，解放releasefrom從...釋放releaseinto釋放到...中releaseoxygenintotheairFourthieveswerereleasedfromthepolicestation.四名小偷從警察局里被釋放了?！就卣埂縭eleasen.釋放；解脫Shecanexpectanearlyreleasefromprison.她有望早一點兒出獄。6.chemicaln.化學(xué)物質(zhì)，藥品Chemicalscankilltheinsectsinthefields.化學(xué)藥品能殺死地里的害蟲。【拓展】chemicaladj.化學(xué)的chemistryn.化學(xué)chemistn.化學(xué)家，藥劑師7.communicatev.溝通，通信communicatewithsb.與某人溝通Westudentsshouldcommunicatewithourparents.我們學(xué)生應(yīng)該多和父母溝通?！就卣埂縞ommunicationn.溝通8.hardlyadv.剛剛，幾乎不Ithardlysnowshereinwinter.這里的冬天幾乎不下雪?！就卣埂縣ardadj.堅固的；困難的Theylivedahardliveafterthedisaster.災(zāi)難過后他們過著困苦的生活。ahardstone一塊堅硬的石頭adv.努力地，劇烈地Ialwaysstudyhard.我總是好好學(xué)習(xí)。Itwasraininghardlastnight.昨晚雨下得很大。9.warnv.警告warnsb.aboutsth.警告某人某事warnsb.nottodosth.警告某人不要做某事Imustwarnyounottogoout.Thereisastorm.我必須警告你不要出門，外面有暴風(fēng)雨?！就卣埂縲arningn.提醒；警告Becauseofherwarning,Iwascareful.由于她的提醒，我很小心。livingadj.活著的theliving活著的人們【拓展】livelyadj.活潑的alivelyclass/pictureliveadj.現(xiàn)場的，直播的alivefootballmatchaliveadj.活著的（只作表語）keep/stayaliveⅡ.重點短語1.beinterestedin對……感興趣Peterisinterestedinplayingfootball.彼得對踢足球感興趣。【辨析】interestingVSinterestedinteresting形容詞，意為“有趣的”。Wearegoingtoshowaninterestingexperiment.我們將給大家做個有趣的實驗。interested形容詞，意為“對……感興趣”，短語be/becomeinterestedin。Areyouinterestedinhistory?你對歷史感興趣嗎？同類詞：exciting/excitedrelaxed/relaxingsurprising/surprisedinteresting/interested(一般情況下ing修飾物，ed修飾人)2.ontheendof…在……的末端Thereisaballontheendofthestring.在繩子的另一端有一個球?！颈嫖觥縤ntheend最后（可用于將來時）attheendof在……末（可指時間或空間）bytheendof到……為止（用于時間）ontheendof在……末端上3.protect…bydoingsth.通過……保護......Theoldmanprotectthewildanimalsbydrivingawaythehunters.這個老人通過趕走獵人來保護野生動物。同類詞：protect……from保護……遠離stop/keep/prevent……from阻止...遠離4.join…together將……連在一起Thetreesnearbycanjointheirrootstogether.周圍的樹木可以將它們的根系交織在一起?！就卣埂縥oin還有“加入，參加”的意思，加入組織，團體，人群takepartin參加具體的活動enterfor報名參加enterforanEnglishcompetition報名參加英語競賽take參加考試takeanexam參加考試attend參加會議attendameeting/class參加會議/聽課5.indanger處于危險中Weshouldsavetheanimalsindanger.我們應(yīng)該拯救處于危險中的動物。【反義詞】outofdanger脫離危險Theanimalsareoutofdangerwithourhelp.在我們的幫助下，動物脫離了危險【拓展】dangerousadj.危險的beindanger=bedangerousFireisdangerous.Wechildrenshouldkeepawayfromit.小試牛刀1I、Completethefollowingpassagewiththewordsinthebox.Eachcanonlybeusedonce.(將下列單詞前的字母填寫在下面的橫線上。每個的那次只能用一次)leavesB.waysC.holdD.holdE.circleTherearemanykindsoftrees,buttheyarealikeinsome1.Alltreeshavetrunks(樹干).Alltreeshavebranches.Alltreeshaveleavesorneedles.Alltreeshaveroots.Treeshavemanyshapes(形狀).Sometreeslooklikea2.Sometreeslooklikeatriangle(三角形).Alltreeshavetrunks.Thetrunkofatreegetsbiggerasitgrows.Alltreeshavebranches.Thebranchesgrowfromthetrunks.Alltreeshaveleaves.Theleavesofalltreesdonotlookalike.Manytreeslosetheir3infall.Theygrownewonesinspring.Theneedlesstaygreenallthetime.Whentheneedlesfalloff,somenewneedlesgrow.Alltreeshaveroots.Therootshelp4thetreesintheground.Thewaterfromthesoilgoesintotherootstohelpthetreegrow.Alltreeshaveseeds.Theydonotalllookalike.Newtreesgrowfromtheseeds.1________2.________3.________4.________muchB.buildC.makeD.warmE.coolSomeanimalsusetheseedsforfood.Someanimals5theirhomesinthetrunkofatree.Birdsmaketheirhomesonthebranchesofatree.Trees.cankeepuscool.Itis6coolertositintheshadeofatreethanitistositinthehotsun.Manytreesarecutdownforustouse.Weusethewoodinourfireplacesowecankeep7.Weusethewoodtomakepaper.Wealsousethewoodfromtreesto8houses.Childrenusetreesforfun,too.5、________6.________7.________8.________II.Fillintheblankswiththeproperformsofthewords.(用所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空)9、Noneoftheknowhotreescommunicatewithoneanother.(science)10、Everyonehasthedutytoprotectthebalance.(nature)11、Thevegetablesgrownwithareharmfultopeople’shealth.(chemistry)12、Don’tourEarthinyourdailylife.It’souronlyhome.(pollution)13、I’msorryforwhatIsaidyesterday.(real)14、Takingpartinsportscanhelpyoutokeepandenjoylife.(health)答案：I.1-4BEAC5-8CADBII.9.scientists10.natural11.chemicals12.pollute13.really14.healthyUnit2:WaterⅠ.Importantwords:I．重點詞匯1.washbasinn.洗臉盆Waterwaspouringintothewashbasin.水正在流入洗臉盆?！颈嫖觥縲ash“洗”basin“水池，盆”wash-basin合在一起就變成了洗臉盆。washbasin一般指固定在浴室中的洗臉盆，而廚房中的水槽則一般稱為sink.2.vanishv.消失，突然不見Thecloudshavevanishedandit’safinedaynow.云消失了，現(xiàn)在天晴了。【拓展】vanishintotheair/fromsight消失不見vanishindarkness在黑暗中消失vanishintonothing化為烏有【辨析】vanish的語氣強，指突然間化為烏有，強調(diào)非常徹底地，神秘地消失，失蹤。Themanranintotheshopandvanishedfromsight.那個人跑進商店后就消失在視線中。disappear是普通用詞，語氣沒有vanish強烈，強調(diào)從視線或腦海中消失。這消失可能是暫時的/突然的或永久的，視情況而定。Whenspringcomes,thesnowdisappears.春天來了，雪消失了。3.freezev.突然停止，驚呆Hefrozeinfrontoftheaudience.他在觀眾面前嚇呆了?！飂reezev.冷凍，冷藏（食物）Weoftenfreezefoodinthefridge.我們通常在冰箱里冷藏食物?！局攸c】freeze-froze-frozenfrozenadj.冷凍的freezingadj.寒冷的Idon’twanttoeatfrozenfoodinthisfreezingweather.我不想在這個寒冷的天氣里吃冷凍食物。4.impatientadj.不耐煩的，急躁的Youshouldn’tbeimpatienttoyourparents.你不應(yīng)該對你的父母不耐煩?！就卣埂縫atientadj.有耐心的Sheisalwayspatientwiththosenaughtychildren.她總是對這些頑皮的孩子有耐心。patiencen.容忍，耐心Ihavenopatiencewithhimagain.我對他不再有耐心了。patientn.病人Thesepatientswillbecured.這些病人將會被治愈。5.obeyv.服從，順從Soldiershavetoobeyorders.軍人必須服從命令?！就卣埂俊飀isobeyv.不服從★不同單詞的否定前綴important-unimportantregular-irregularlegal-illegallike-dislikenormal-abnormal6.comfortablyadv.安樂地，舒適地Hesatcomfortablyinhisbed.他舒服地躺在床上。【拓展】comfortableadj.舒適的，舒服的Helivesacomfortablelife.他過著舒適的生活。comfortv.安慰，鼓舞n.安樂，舒適，安逸Helivesacomfortablelife.=Helivesincomfort.他過得很舒服。Shecomfortedthesadgirl.她安慰這個難過的女孩。7.speedv.加速，加快Hewasarrestedforspeeding.他因超速行車而被捕?！颈嫖觥縮peed指快速的運動或行動。Thetrainspedthroughthecountryside.火車從鄉(xiāng)間飛馳而過。hurry意指比通常快得多的速度，經(jīng)常伴隨著混亂或騷動。Hurryup,oryouwillbelate.快點，否則你會遲到。8.relaxv.放松，休息Iwanttorelaxmyselfafterhardwork.辛苦的工作過后，我想放松一下?！就卣埂縭elaxationn.放松relaxedadj.輕松的Afterhearingaboutthegoodnews,Ifeltrelaxedalot.聽到好消息之后，我感到放松了許多。9.pumpv.用泵輸送Thevillagershadpumpedthewelldryandcouldgetnomorewater.村民們已把井水抽干了，再也抽不出水來了?！就卣埂縫umpn.泵；水泵inflatetireswithapump用氣泵給輪胎充氣10.preciousadj.寶貴的，貴重的Nothingismorepreciousthanfriendship.沒有什么比友情更寶貴的了?！就卣埂拷x詞valuable/costly反義詞worthless11.replyn.答復(fù)，回復(fù)v.回答，答復(fù)Thebossgavemeasatisfyingreply.老板給了我一個滿意的答復(fù)?！就卣埂縤nreply(to)為答復(fù)……；作為對……的答復(fù)make(no)reply（不）作答復(fù)replyforsb.代表某人作答辯／答謝祝酒replyto回答，答復(fù)IwillreplytoAmy’sletterassoonaspossible.我會盡快給Amy答復(fù)?！颈嫖觥縜nswer較常用，如：answeraquestion(thedoorbell,thephone,theletter,etc.)Hehasansweredmyletter.（此句僅表明他回了我的信。說明他已經(jīng)收到我的信。）而reply則較正式，意指經(jīng)過深思熟慮后答復(fù)對方的問題和論點。Hehasrepliedtomyletter.（此句表明他將我信中的問題都一一回答了。）相同點：與to搭配使用theanswertothequestion問題的答案thereplytotheletter信的回復(fù)Ⅱ.Importantphrases:1.lookround=lookaround環(huán)顧四周Helookedaroundbutsawnobody.他往四周看，可是沒看見任何人。【拓展】lookat看，朝……看lookafter照料lookback(與on，to連用)回想，記起lookdownon輕視，看不起lookfor尋找lookforwardto盼望，期待looklike看起來像lookon/upon看作lookout注意，當(dāng)心lookoutof朝……外看lookover翻閱，瀏覽lookround環(huán)視lookthrough從頭看完，透視lookup在書中查到，查閱（詞典）lookupanddown上下打量2.enjoytheview欣賞風(fēng)景Wewanttogooutingtoenjoytheviewofthenature.我們想外出去欣賞大自然的風(fēng)景?！就卣埂縤nmyview=inmyopinion=frommypointofview在我看來3.finishwith完成，結(jié)束Hefinishedwiththework.他完成了這項工作。finishdoingsth.完成某事Iwillfinishwritingthisbooksoon.我會盡快寫完這本書。4.drop…into…把…扔到…Weshouldn’tdroprubbishontheground.我們不應(yīng)該把垃圾扔在地上?！就卣埂縟ropintosth.偶然訪問（某人或某地），順便訪問Wedroppedintoapubonthewaytothehotelyesterday.昨天去旅館的路上，我們順便去了個酒吧。5.speeddown快速下滑Thatyoungclimberspeddownthecliffintothevalley.那個年輕的登山者順著懸崖跌至了山谷。【拓展】speed-sped-sped反義詞：speedup加速6.remembernottodosth.記得不要做某事Youmustremembertoturnoffthelightbeforeyouleave.走之前記得必須要關(guān)燈?！就卣埂縭emembertodosth.記得要去做某事(未做)rememberdoingsth.記得做過某事（已做）類似單詞：forgetstopcontinue7.meanby…意思是…Whatdoyoumeanbysayingthat?你那樣說是什么意思？小試牛刀2I. Fillintheblankswiththegivenwordsintheirproperforms.1.Theboyislyingonthebed (comfortable)andlisteningtomusic.2. Mybrotherisalways (patient)whenheisdoinghishomework,sohealwaysmakesmistakes.Theman's (work)becamefamousafterhedied.Thebosshasaplantousefewerworkerstodo (much)work.Ken'svoicesounded (puzzle)whenheheardastrangevoice.【keys】I.1.comfortably2.impatient3.works4.more5.puzzled Choosetherightwordtocompletethesentence.Itisunhealthyforchildrentoaddtoomuchsugar(to/for)themilk.Doyouknowthechemicalsymbol(to/for)Oxygen?Whatdothewomentouristsmean(in/by)sayingthat?OurEnglishteachertolduswhatthewordmeant(in/by)English.ProfessorWhiteistalking(about/with)Simonabouthisplan.【keys】Ⅱ.1.to2.for3.by4.in5.withworkasB.differentC.relaxD.sameE.coolestDoesajobmeanthatyouhavetoworkinanofficefromMondaytoFriday?Doesajobalwaysmeanthatyouhavetodothe42thingseveryday?Jobsarepartoflife.It'snecessarytodojobstobealive,butcanyoudreamofjobslikethese?Herearesomeofthe43jobsintheworld.Theymightsurpriseyou!Top1IslandCaretakerBenSouthallprobablyhasthebestjobintheworld.Heusedto44acaretakerofanAustralianislandforsixmonthsandgot111,000Australiandollarsforthework.Helivedinathree-bedroomhousewithabigswimmingpool.Hisworkwastoswim,playand45onHamiltonIslandontheGreatBarrierReef(大堡礁)whilewritingablogaboutthearea.Hisjobwasnamedas"thebestjobintheworld".________43.________44.________45.________muchB.buildC.makeD.warmE.coolTop2BedTestersAstudentfromBirminghamCityUniversityhadoneofthebestdreamjobsintheworld:sleepinginthejobandhavingabig46bedtoliein.RoisinMadiganhadbeenchosentotestthebedsforamonthandgot1,000poundsforit.Shehadto47from10a.m.to6p.m.inbedsinthecompany’sshowroomandthenwriteaboutherexperiencesinherblog.Top3BikeRiderGooglehashired(雇用)twoluckyyoungmentoride48Franceonbikestotakephotosofhistoricalplaces.Theriders,wearingGoogleT-shirtsarenowvisitingwell-knownplaces49theChateaudeVersailles(凡爾賽宮),theJardinduLuxembourg(盧森堡公園)andsoon.46.________47.________48.________49.________III.42-45DEAC46-49CDAEUnit3:ElectricityI．重點詞匯1.servantn.仆人；傭人Herfamilyhasaservant.她家有一個傭人?！就卣埂縮ervev.服務(wù)，待客Hewillserveyouduringthedinner.他將會在晚餐時間服務(wù)你。servicen.服務(wù)Thetrainservicetothecapitalisverygood.開往首都的火車服務(wù)設(shè)施非常好。trickv.欺騙；坑人Hertrickedmeintogivinghimthemoney.他哄騙我給了他錢。（常與outof連用）騙走，惡作劇Hispartnertriedtotrickhimoutofhismoney.他的合伙人企圖騙走他的錢。【拓展】trickn.詭計；騙術(shù)，花招Icandomagictricks.我會變魔術(shù)。playatrickonsb./makejokesaboutsb.開某人的玩笑Don’tplayatrickonthatpoorgirl.不要捉弄那個窮孩子。3.electricityn.電Thepowerstationsupplieselectricitytothisarea.這個電站供應(yīng)這個區(qū)域的電?！就卣埂縠lectriciann.電工electricadj.發(fā)電的，由電產(chǎn)生的anelectricfan一個電風(fēng)扇electricaladj.與電相關(guān)的anelectricalcompany一家電力公司特殊：electricalappliances電器4.flowv.流動Astreamflowedgentlydownintothevalley.一條小溪潺潺流進山谷?！就卣埂縡lowaway流走；流逝flowdown流下flowinto流入Riversflowintothesea.江河流入海中。5.explanationn.解釋；解說；說明Hisexplanationisveryridiculous.他的解釋很荒唐?！就卣埂縠xplainv.解釋；說明Canyouexplainwhyyouwerelate?你能解釋一下你為什么遲到嗎？explainsth.tosb.向某人解釋某事Canyouexplainthemeaningofthiswordtome?你能跟我解釋一下這個單詞的意思么？6.scratchv.搔；撓Hescratchedhimselfunderhisarm.他在胳膊下面撓了撓?！就卣埂浚ǔＥcout，off，through連用）刮掉，削去；擦去：刪掉；劃掉Youcanscratchmynameoffthelist.你可以把我的名字從名單上勾掉。7.invisibleadj.看不見的；無形的Airisinvisible,butwecanfeelitwhenitmoves.空氣是看不見的?！就卣埂縱isibleadj.看得見的；明顯的；顯著的visionn.視力Thewarninglightswereclearlyvisible.警示信號燈清晰可見。Leaveanyvaluablesinyourcaroutofsight.把貴重物品留在車里看不見的地方。8.formn.形狀；形式Thediseasecantakeseveraldifferentforms.這種疾病可能有幾種不同的形式。【拓展】formn.方式；制度Differentschoolshavedifferentformsofgovernment.不同的國家有不同的政治制度。reformv.改革9.energyn.能量Youngpeopleseemtohaveboundlessenergy.年輕人似乎有無窮的能量?！就卣埂縠nergeticadj.精力充沛的Heisanenergeticchild.他是個精力旺盛的孩子?！颈嫖觥縠nergy,force,power,strengthenergy在物理學(xué)定義中為“能”“能量”,用于生理學(xué)上指“精力”。power系一般用語,可指動力、思維能力等各種力量或能力。Acarneedsalotofpowertogofast.汽車高速行駛需要很大動力。strength指某人或某物所具有的內(nèi)在力量,可指體力、力氣或抽象的力量。Unionisstrength.團結(jié)就是力量。force指的是物質(zhì)或精神力量,多指為做成某事而使用的力量,也常指武力。Theriotersweretakenawaybyforce.聚眾鬧事者被強行帶走。10.connectv.連接，聯(lián)合Couldyouconnectthiscomputertothetelevision?你能把電腦和電視機連上嗎？【拓展】connectwith和……有聯(lián)系，和……有關(guān)Youneedtoconnectwithyouraudience.你需要和你的觀眾有所交流。Heisconnectedwiththemurder.那件謀殺案和他有關(guān)。11.buryv.埋葬，掩埋Sheburieditundersomeleaves.她把它藏在一堆樹葉下面。Heburiedhimselfinhiswork.他埋頭工作?！就卣埂縝eburiedin專注于，專心于=beabsorbedinSheisalwaysburiedinherwriting.她總是專注于她的寫作。12.containv.包含，含有Thisdrinkdoesn'tcontainanyalcohol.這種飲料不含任何酒精?！颈嫖觥縞ontainVShold兩個單詞都含“包含，容納”的意思。contain著重“其中包含有”。Thebottlecontainswater.這個瓶子里有水。hold指“能容納”。Thebuscanhold40people.這輛公交能容納20人。Ⅱ.Importantphrases:apacketofsweets一包糖果常見量詞的用法：①表示定量的量詞詞組：a?couple?of（兩個、一對） a?couple?of?days ②表示不定量的量詞詞組：a?majority?of（大多數(shù)／大半） a?majority?of?opinions③表示大量的量詞詞組：a?flood?of—a?flood?of?ink（洋洋大篇） a?flood?of?tears（淚如泉涌）；a?heap?of—a?heap?of?earth（一堆泥土） a?heap?of?customers（許多顧客）；a?mountain?of—a?mountain?of?debts（債臺高筑） a?mountain?of?difficulties（困難重重）。④表示少量的量詞詞組：a?drop?of—a?drop?of?fever（有點熱度） a?drop?of?dew（一點露水）；a?particle?of—a?particle?of?feeling（一絲感情） a?particle?of?dust（一點灰塵）；a?shadow?of—a?shadow?of?doubt（一點懷疑） a?shadow?of?freedom（一點自由）inaway在某種程度上【拓展】intheway擋路inthisway以這種方式/方法ontheway(to)在(去...的)路上bytheway順便說一句becarefulwith小心【拓展】caren./v.關(guān)心，在意carefuladj.仔細的，小心的carefullyadv.仔細地carefor=takecareof=lookafter關(guān)心，照顧careabout在意dealwiththisproblem處理問題howtodealwiththisproblem如何處理問題=whattodowiththisproblem【拓展】dealv.處理n.(一)筆Iaminapositiontosaveyouagooddealoftime.我能夠為你節(jié)省許多時間。encouragepeopletobehave...鼓勵人們?nèi)?..encouragesb.todosth.鼓勵別人做某事【拓展】encouragementn.鼓勵Withoutyourencouragement,Icouldn’tpasstheexam.沒有你的鼓勵，我不能通過考試。小試牛刀3Ⅲ.Fillintheblankswiththeproperformsofthewords.(用所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空)MrChendidn'tuseanyonhisfruit.(chemistry)Mosttorchesworkontwo.(battery)Hehadnoforwhyhewaslate.(explain)Therewaslittlechangeintheirlives.(day)WhileIwascookingdinner,thewentoff.(electric)Hewasangrywithhimselfforhavingmadesuchamistake.(fool)Ⅲ.50.chemicals51.batteries52.explanation53.daily54.electricity55.foolish當(dāng)堂檢測一、用所給單詞的正確形式填空(共0分)Fillintheblanksaccordingtothephonetictranscription.Almosteveryonetoday____1____/ju?z?z/electricityinonewayoranother.Itishardtoimaginewhatlifeinourcities____2____/w?d/belikewithoutit.Electricity____3____/la?ts/streetsandbuildings,andwarmspeopleandanimals.Itheats____4____/fu?d/incookersandcoolsitinrefrigerators.Itdrivestrainsandworks____5____/tr?f?k/lightsandlifts.It____6____/??ls??/worksthemachinesinfactoriesthatmakeallkindsofgoods.Everydaywonderssuchascomputersandtelevisionsuseelectricityto____7____/br??/entertainmentandnewstomillionsoffamilies.Invillagesandonfarms,electricalmachines____8____/m?lk/thecowsandchoptheirfood.Completethesentenceswiththegivenwordsintheirproperforms(用括號中所給單詞的適當(dāng)形式完成下列句子）：9．Gracegavetheroomathorough_____thismorning,(clean)10．Bobisgoodat_____.Heoftenmakesmoremoneythanothers,(busy)11．The_____timeIflewonaplane,Iwasreallynervous,(one)12．Everyoneshouldlearntospeaktoothers_____.(polite)13．Wewilleatsomeofthefruitsand_____therest,(freezing)14．Shedidn'tsound_____whenItoldherthenews,(surprise)15．Let'staketheliftuptotherestaurantonthe_____floor,(twenty)16．Hefeltrather_____lyinginthesofa,(comfortably)17．Make_____athome,everyone.(you)18．Ihavestayedherefortwo_____.(month)Completethesentenceswiththegivenwordsintheirproperforms.19．Childrenshouldnoteattoomuchjunkfoodbecauseitis_______.(healthy)20．Thenewteacherbeganhisclassafterheintroduced_______.(he)21．Abathusesevenmorewaterthanashower-about_______asmuch.(two)22．Jackisaniceman.Hedecidestobea_____inthefuture.(science)23．Thecomputercan_______workoutthedifficultprobleminnotime.(easy)24．Noise_______isbecomingmoreandmoreseriousnow.(pollute)25．Policemenareour_____againstthecrimeinourcity.(fight)26．UncleTomopenedashopthatsells_____foods.(nature)27．Allofuswere_____inthat_____shortplay.(interest)28．Thescientistusesa_____tocleanupthewater.(chemistry)29．Theladywithlonghairismynew_____teacher.(chemical)30．Amodern40-storeybuildingwill_____thehouses.(place)31．Lookatthissign!Itis_____todivehere.(danger)32．Toomuchsunis_____totheskin.(harm)33．ThetheoryissodifficultthatI_____understandit.(hard)34．Treescanproducesomechemicalstoprotectthemselvesfrom_____hurt.(be)35．Dr.Chenwillmakea_____abouttheneedforchange.(speak)36．_____,ourteamwonthecompetition.(luck)37．TheEnglishnewspaperChina_____istoodifficultforsecondarystudentstoread.TheycanreadShanghaiStudents’Postinstead.(day)38．Agreat_____neverfearsorgivesup.(fight)Completethesentenceswiththegivenwordsintheirproperforms.39．Hehasno________(explain)forwhyhewaslate.40．There’sthunderand________

(light).It’sgoingtorain.41．Jack’smotherhasworkedasa________

(serve)forarichfamilyfor15years.42．Taxi________

aredevelopingquicklyinShanghai.(serve)43．Thefarmersused________tokilltheinsectsintheirfields.(chemistry)44．Petercut________whenusingaknifetopeeltheapple.(he)45．Thefamouswriter________

twoyearsago.(dead)46．“MayIhavemypacketofelectricity?”Bennysaid________.(polite)47．Treescanbemadeintomany________.(produce)48．Youngpeopleusuallyhavemore________

thantheold.(energetic)49．The________

wascutoffwhenwedidn’tpaythebill.(electric)50．Iwas________

enoughtobelievewhatJacktoldme.(fool)51．Manyfamiliespaythebillfortelephones________.(month)52．Shealwayspaysher________ontime.(bill)53．Itwassocloudythatthetopofthemountainwas________.(visible)54．Atthesupermarketweboughtmany________.(battery)55．What’sthe________

oftheEnglishworld?(mean)56．MummadeabigchocolatecakeforlittleKevin’s________

birthday.(five)57．Myunclelikestogo________

withmeonasunnymorning.(fish)58．Whoisthefirstprize________

ofthereadingcompetition?(win)動詞填空59．Thebowlisempty.He_______(eat)thefood.60．____________(improve)yourwriting,you'dbetterkeepadiary61．Wewereusedto____________(swim)everydaywhenwewerechildren.62．I'msurethemorecarefulyouare,thefewermistakesyou_______(make)nexttime.63．Whereisyourfather?-Hemust_______(chat)withhisfriendonthephone.64．--_______theplane_______(arrive)?--Yes,itarrivedtenminutesago.65．When___theSmiths____(move)toFrance?Sorry,Idon’tknow,butIknowtheyhavelivedthereforquitealotofyears.66．_________Johnnever_________(fly)toCanadabefore?67．Tom______________(nottalk)tohiscousinsincethey_____(fight)witheachother.Completethesentenceswiththegivenwordsintheirproperforms(用括號中所給單詞的適當(dāng)形式完成下列句子）：68．Wegetelectricityfromthe

________(powerful)stationthroughwiresandcables.69．Wecanchangeelectricityintodifferentformsof___(energetic)thatwecansee，hearorfeel.70．The________(chemistry)insidebatteriesproduceelectricity.71．The________(servant)inthatrestaurantisquitegood.72．His________(behave)offendsagainsttherulesofgoodmanners.73．“Wedon’tuseelectricityhere,”theman________(explanation).74．Airis________(visible)，andit’sessentialtohumanbeings.75．Tohisfather’ssurprise，thenaughtyboybehaved________(impolite)infrontoftheguests.Fillintheblanksaccordingtothephonetictranscription.76．Treesremovedustand_____/pr??dju:s/theoxygenwe____/bri:e/.Treesreducesoundpollutionforcitycenterand_____/?d/beautytocities.77．Inthelast200years,morethan______/hɑ:f/ofallthetreesontheEarthhavebeendestroyed.Foreverytreebeing____/pla:nt?d/today,30treesarebeing_____/k?t/down.Weneedmoretrees.78．We______/w?:ml?/welcomeanyonewhowouldliketo______/d???n/usinthisproject.詞匯79．Theradiosaysitwillberainyinmostofthe_______(東部)partofmyhometowntomorrow.80．Moreandmorepeoplehave______(意識到)theimportanceoflearningEnglishwell.81．Peoplesay_______（現(xiàn)在）isagiftfromtheGod．82．Nowtheliving_____________(條件)arebecomingbetterandbetter.83．Onholidays，touristsliketogo_________(出國)becauseofthefreshair．84．TheInternetmakeseveryone______________(交流)withothersmoreeasily..85．______________(即使這樣),thestoryitselfisveryinteresting.86．Theyareplanningtobuildafewnew_______(工廠)inthecountry.87．Ihaven’theardfromhimforalongtime,butIhavereceiveda___________(最近)photoofhisdaughter.88．BaiYansonghadan_______（采訪）withthefamousscientistlastweek.參考答案：1．uses2．would3．lights4．food5．traffic6．a(chǎn)lso7．bring8．milk【分析】本文是一篇說明文。介紹了現(xiàn)在人都用電，如果我們沒有電，我們的生活將會是困難的。文章對電的作用加以了具體說明。1．句意：如今，幾乎每個人都以一種或者另外一種方式在使用電。everyone是復(fù)合不定代詞作主語，其后的謂語動詞用單數(shù)形式。故填uses。2．句意：很難想象，在我們的城市，沒有電生活會是什么樣子的。would是情態(tài)動詞，和其后的be動詞原形一起作謂語。故填would。3．句意：電點亮了道路和建筑物，溫暖了人和動物。light可用作動詞，意為“點亮”。electricity作主語，其后謂語動詞用單數(shù)。故填lights。4．句意：它可以在廚具中加熱食物，在冰箱里冷卻食物。food是不可數(shù)名詞，意為“食物”。故填food。5．句意：它可以驅(qū)動火車，讓交通燈和電梯工作。traffic是名詞，意為“交通”。trafficlights，意為“交通燈”。故填traffic。6．句意：它也使工廠的機器工作，制造各種各類的商品。also是副詞，意為“也”。根據(jù)音標可知此空填also。故填also。7．句意：每天神奇的東西，例如電腦和電視機使用電給數(shù)百萬家庭帶來娛樂和新聞消息。todo不定式表目的，to后接動詞原形。故填bring。8．句意：在農(nóng)村或者在農(nóng)場，電力機械可以給奶牛擠奶，并且能夠切碎食物。electricalmachines作主語，是復(fù)數(shù)形式，milk作謂語動詞。故填milk。9．cleaning10．business11．first12．politely13．freeze14．surprised15．twentieth16．comfortable17．yourselves18．months【解析】9．cleaning句意：今天早上，格蕾絲把房間徹底打掃了一下。Giveathoroughcleaning意為徹底打掃。冠詞a修飾名詞，故填cleaning。10．business根據(jù)下一句他比其他人掙到更多的錢可知，鮑勃擅長做生意。短語begoodat擅長某事，介詞at后跟名詞作賓語。故填business。11．first句意：我第一次乘飛機飛行，我感到有點緊張。定冠詞the放在序數(shù)詞前面，所以用one的序數(shù)詞first。12．politely句意：大家應(yīng)該學(xué)習(xí)對他人禮貌地講話。修飾動詞speak用副詞，故填politely。13．freeze句意：我們要吃些水果，剩下的凍起來。根據(jù)and前的動詞eat是動詞原形，它連接對等的成分，可知后面用動詞原形freeze。14．surprised句意：當(dāng)我告訴她這個消息時，她聽起來并不吃驚。當(dāng)描述人時，用動詞的過去分詞。第一句的主語是代詞she，用過去分詞修飾，故填surprised。15．twentieth句意：讓我們乘電梯到20樓的飯館。表示所在的樓層數(shù)用序數(shù)詞，故填twentieth。16．comfortable句意：他躺在沙發(fā)上感到很舒服。系表結(jié)構(gòu)中，用形容詞作表語。故填comfortable。17．yourselves句意：大家像在家一樣隨便吧。短語makeoneself自主，隨便。根據(jù)后面everyone人人可知是反身代詞復(fù)數(shù)作賓語，故填yourselves。18．months句意：我已經(jīng)在這里待了兩個月。根據(jù)空格前的two兩個可知，用復(fù)數(shù)months。19．unhealthy20．himself21．twice22．scientist23．easily24．pollution25．fighters26．natural27．

interested

interesting28．chemical29．chemistry30．replace31．dangerous32．harmful33．hardly34．being35．speech36．Luckily37．Daily38．fighter【解析】19．句意：孩子們不應(yīng)該吃太多的垃圾食品，因為它是不健康的。系動詞be后跟形容詞，構(gòu)成系表結(jié)構(gòu)，結(jié)合“toomuchjunkfood”可知此處是“不健康的”，結(jié)合所給單詞，故答案為unhealthy。20．句意：新老師在自我介紹后開始上課。當(dāng)賓語和該句的主語為同一個人時要用反身代詞，本句中的introducehimself表示“自我介紹”，結(jié)合所給單詞，故答案為himself。21．句意：洗澡用的水甚至比淋浴還多——大約是淋浴的兩倍。morethan…twiceasmuch表示“比兩倍多”，結(jié)合所給單詞，故答案為twice。22．句意：杰克是個優(yōu)秀的人。他決定將來當(dāng)一名科學(xué)家。不定冠詞“a”后跟名詞單數(shù)形式，結(jié)合所給單詞，故答案為scientist。23．句意：計算機可以很容易地在短時間內(nèi)解出這道難題。根據(jù)“workout”可知此處缺副詞修飾動詞，結(jié)合所給單詞，故答案為easily。24．句意：噪音污染現(xiàn)在變得越來越嚴重。noisepollution表示“噪音污染”，結(jié)合“Noise_______isbecoming…”可知此處缺名詞，作主語，結(jié)合所給單詞，故答案為pollution。25．句意：警察是我們城市里打擊犯罪的戰(zhàn)士。形容詞性物主代詞后跟名詞，因為policemen是復(fù)數(shù)形式，所以fighter也要復(fù)數(shù)形式，結(jié)合所給單詞，故答案為fighters。26．句意：湯姆叔叔開了一家出售天然食品的商店。naturalfood表示“天然產(chǎn)品”，natural是形容詞，修飾后面的名詞food，結(jié)合所給單詞，故答案為natural。27．句意：我們都對那個有趣的短劇感興趣。詞組beinterestedin表示“對……感興趣”，interesting形容詞（修飾物），有趣的，修飾后面的名詞“shortplay”，結(jié)合所給單詞，故答案為interested;interesting。28．句意：這位科學(xué)家使用一種化學(xué)物質(zhì)來凈化水。根據(jù)“a”可知此處缺名詞單數(shù)，結(jié)合所給單詞，故答案為chemical。29．句意：那位長頭發(fā)的女士是我的新化學(xué)老師。chemistryteacher表示“化學(xué)老師”，結(jié)合“mynew_____teacher”，此處應(yīng)該填學(xué)科名，結(jié)合所給單詞，故答案為chemistry。30．句意：一座40層的現(xiàn)代建筑將取代這些房屋。will+動詞原形，構(gòu)成將來時；此處表示樓房代替房屋，結(jié)合所給單詞，故答案為replace。31．句意：看這個標志!在這里潛水很危險。Itis+adj.todosth.是形式主語的結(jié)構(gòu)，結(jié)合“Itis_____todivehere.”所以此處缺形容詞，再結(jié)合所給單詞，故答案為dangerous。32．句意：過多的陽光對皮膚有害。be+形容詞，構(gòu)成系表結(jié)構(gòu)，根據(jù)“toomuchsun”可知太多的陽光對皮膚有害，結(jié)合所給單詞，故答案為harmful。33．句意：這個理論太難了，我?guī)缀趼牪欢?。根?jù)“Thetheoryissodifficult”可知這個理論太難了，所以此處是“幾乎不能理解”，副詞修飾動詞“理解”，結(jié)合所給單詞，故答案為hardly。34．句意：樹木可以產(chǎn)生一些化學(xué)物質(zhì)來保護自己不受傷害。介詞from后跟名詞或動名詞，是介賓結(jié)構(gòu)，結(jié)合所給單詞，故答案為being。35．句意：陳醫(yī)生將做一個關(guān)于改變的必要性的演講。根據(jù)“a”可知此處缺名詞單數(shù)，結(jié)合所給單詞，故答案為speech。36．句意：幸運的是，我們隊贏得了比賽。句首用副詞修飾整個句子，根據(jù)“wonthecompetition”贏得比賽，可以推出句首用luckily，放句首，需大寫。故答案為Luckily。37．句意：英文報紙《中國日報》對中學(xué)生來說太難了，他們可以看上海學(xué)生的帖子。ChinaDaily表示“中國日報”；結(jié)合所給單詞，放句首，需大寫。故答案為Daily。38．句意：偉大的戰(zhàn)士從不懼怕或放棄。根據(jù)“Agreat”可知此處缺單數(shù)名詞，結(jié)合“Agreat_____neverfearsorgivesup”可知此處是“戰(zhàn)士”，結(jié)合所給單詞，故答案為fighter。39．explanation(s)40．lightning41．servant42．services43．chemical