新課標(biāo)2024高考英語二輪復(fù)習(xí)專題練習(xí)10定語從句

PAGEPAGE1專題練習(xí)十定語從句A(2024·湖南師大附中高三檢測)Fora$2ticket,peoplehaveachancetowintheMegaMillions(超級百萬)record—breakinglotteryjackpotof$1.6billion.Thedrawing(開獎時間)isonTuesdaynightintheUnitedStates.PlayersalsohaveachanceatwinningthePowerballjackpot(強(qiáng)力球頭彩),__1__isnowupto$620million.ThatdrawingwillbeonWednesdaynight.MegaMillionsisalotterygameplayedin44Americanstates.Thewinningticketmustmatchsixnumbers,from1to70.Severalstatespermitonlineticketpurchases.ThefirstMegaMillionsdrawingwasonMay17,2002.Thatwinnerreceivedajackpotof$28million—asmallamount__2__(compare)tothisweek'sjackpot.ThemostrecentMegaMillionsdrawingonOctober19wasforajackpotof$1billiondollars.Butnoone__3__(win).Itwasthe25thdrawinginarowthatdidnotresultinawinner.About280milliontickets__4__(sell)fortheOctober19drawing.Thoseticketscovered60percentofallpossiblenumbercombinations.So,whatareyourchancesofwinningthe$1.6billionjackpotthistime?Very,verysmall.ThefinancialwebsiteTheMotleyFoolsaysthechanceofsomeonewinningtheMegaMillionsjackpotis1in302,575,350.ThechanceisalittlebetterwiththePowerball.Itis1in292,201,338.Youaremuch__5__(likely)togetacceptedtoHarvardUniversity.TheIvyLeagueschoolaccepted5percentofits39,000__6__(apply)forits2024class.Thatis__7__1in20chance.Americansevenhaveabetterchanceatbecomingpresident__8__theydoatwinningthisweek'sjackpot.TheUSpopulationisabout326million.Thereareabout10presidentsinanaveragelifetime,__9__aperson'schancesatbecomingpresidentare1in32.6million.However,theUSConstitutionrequiresthatapersonbeatleast35yearsoldanda“naturalborncitizen”__10__(elect)president.本文是一篇說明文。超級百萬是一種彩票嬉戲，在美國44個州進(jìn)行。一張彩票2美元，人們就有機(jī)會贏得16億美元的創(chuàng)紀(jì)錄的超級百萬彩票大獎。開獎時間是周二晚上。玩家也有機(jī)會贏得強(qiáng)力球頭獎，目前獎金高達(dá)6.2億美元。抽獎將在星期三晚上進(jìn)行。1．which解析：考查非限制性定語從句。句意：玩家也有機(jī)會贏得強(qiáng)力球頭獎，目前獎金高達(dá)6.2億美元。此處thePowerballjackpot是先行詞，指物，在后面的非限制性定語從句中作主語，故答案為which。2．compared解析：考查固定搭配。句意：這位中獎?wù)攉@得了2800萬美元的頭獎——與本周的頭獎相比，這只是一小筆錢。comparedto/with...“與……相比較”，故答案為compared。3．won解析：考查時態(tài)。句意：但是沒有人贏。結(jié)合句意可知句子用一般過去時態(tài)，故答案為won。4．were_sold解析：考查被動語態(tài)。句意：10月19日的抽獎售出了2.8億張彩票。此處句子主語tickets和sell之間是被動關(guān)系，結(jié)合句意可知此處是一般過去時態(tài)的被動語態(tài)，故答案為weresold。5．more_likely解析：考查比較級。句意：你更有可能被哈佛高校錄用。belikelytodosth.“很可能做某事”，且much修飾比較級，故答案為morelikely。6．a(chǎn)pplicants解析：考查名詞復(fù)數(shù)。句意：常青藤聯(lián)盟學(xué)校接受了39000申請者中的5%。結(jié)合句意可知此處用名詞復(fù)數(shù)，故答案為applicants。7．a(chǎn)解析：考查不定冠詞。句意：這是1/20的概率。結(jié)合句意可知答案為a。8．than解析：考查介詞。句意：美國人成為總統(tǒng)的機(jī)會甚至比贏得本周的頭獎還要大。依據(jù)前面的比較級better可知此處用介詞than，故答案為than。9．so解析：考查并列連詞。句意：平均一生中大約有10位總統(tǒng)，所以一個人成為總統(tǒng)的幾率是3260萬分之一。此處表示因果關(guān)系，故答案為so。10．to_be_elected解析：考查動詞不定式一般式的被動式。句意：然而，美國憲法規(guī)定，當(dāng)選總統(tǒng)的人必需年滿35歲，是“本國誕生公民”。此處“naturalborncitizen”和elect之間是一種被動關(guān)系，用動詞不定式一般式的被動式作后置定語，故答案為tobeelected。B(2024·周口中英文學(xué)校高三期中)WeallknowthattheFridayafterThanksgivingmeansamaddashtotheshoppingcentreforridiculoussales.Buthowdidthisbargainshoppingget__1__(it)start?Infact,thefirstBlackFridayhadnothing__2__(do)withThanksgivingorshopping.TheoriginofBlackFridayasweknowittodaystartedinPhiladelphiaduringthe1950sand1960s.CrowdsofpeoplewouldcometotownthedayafterThanksgivingfortheannualArmy-Navyfootballgametobeheldthe__3__(follow)Saturday.Streetsand__4__(store)werealwayscrowded,whichwasgreatforbusinessbutmadeeasy-pickingsforshoplifters(行竊者).Localpolicecalledthis“BlackFriday”.Notonlydidtheyhavetodealwithextratraffic__5__shoplifting,buttheyhadtoworkextrahoursandcouldn'trequestthedayoff.Thetermdidn'tgonational__6__thelate1980s,butthe__7__(explain)changed.Whileshopkeepers__8__(general)sufferedfinanciallossesmostoftheyear,theincreaseofholidayshoppersmarkedthefirstdayofrealprofit.Intraditionalaccounting(會計)practicesafewyearsago,losses__9__(record)inredink,andprofitsinblackink.SothedayafterThanksgiving,__10__companiesgo“intotheblack”andmakeaprofit,becameBlackFriday.這是一篇說明文。文章介紹了黑色星期五的起源及發(fā)展。1．its解析：考查代詞。句意：但是這種廉價購物是如何起先的呢？依據(jù)空后的名詞start可知，此處應(yīng)用形容詞性物主代詞its，所以填its。2．to_do解析：考查固定用法。句意：事實上，第一個黑色星期五與感恩節(jié)和購物無關(guān)。havenothingtodowith意為“與……沒有關(guān)系”，為固定用法，所以填todo。3．following解析：考查形容詞。文中表示“下一個星期六”，所以填following。4．stores解析：考查名詞復(fù)數(shù)。store作“商店”講時，為可數(shù)名詞，依據(jù)前面的Streets可知，該用復(fù)數(shù)形式，所以填stores。5．a(chǎn)nd解析：考查連詞。句意：他們不僅要應(yīng)付額外的交通和入店行竊，而且還要加班，不能請一天假。extratraffic與shoplifting是并列的，所以用and連接，所以填and。6．until解析：考查固定用法。句意：直到20世紀(jì)80年頭末，這個詞才在全國流行起來，但人們對它的說明發(fā)生了改變。not...until表示“直到……才”，所以填until。7．explanation解析：考查名詞。句意：直到20世紀(jì)80年頭末，這個詞才在全國流行起來，但人們對它的說明發(fā)生了改變。因為前面有the且空處作主語，用名詞形式，所以填explanation。8．generally解析：考查副詞。句意：盡管店主們在今年大部分時間普遍遭遇經(jīng)濟(jì)損失，但假日購物人數(shù)的增加標(biāo)記著第一天真正實現(xiàn)了盈利。該空修飾動詞，用副詞，所以填generally。9．were_recorded解析：考查時態(tài)和語態(tài)。依據(jù)時間狀語afewyearsago，可知是發(fā)生在過去的事情，用一般過去時，losses與record之間是被動關(guān)系，用被動語態(tài)，所以填wererecorded。10．when解析：考查定語從句。__10__companiesgo“intotheblack”andmakeaprofit,becameBlackFriday是一個非限制性定語從句，關(guān)系詞在從句中作時間狀語，用關(guān)系副詞when，所以填when。C(2024·中原名校第三次質(zhì)檢)Longjingtea,__1__hastoppedthelistofthetenmostfamousteasinChinawithitscolor,tasteandshape,__2__(name)afteritsproductionregion—LongjingVillageofWestLake.Thegoodenvironmentandwaterresourceshavecontributedmuchtothe__3__(grow)ofthetea,confirmingthesayingthat“Longjingteaisthe__4__(good)amongalloftheteasintheworld”．Thanks__5__EmperorQianlongoftheQingDynasty,theteahasearnedahighreputation.ThestorywentthatEmperorQianlongvisitedthemountainduringhisHangzhoutravels,andhesawsomeladiespickingtheteaat__6__footofthemountain.Hewassointerestedintheirmovementsthathedecidedtohaveagohimself.While__7__(pick)thetea,hereceivedthenewsofhismother'sillness,sohecarelesslyputtheleavesinhisrightsleeveand__8__(leave)HangzhouforBeijing.Hevisitedhismother__9__(immediate)uponhisarrivalinBeijing,andhismothersmeltthefragranceofthetealeavesfromhissleevesandwantedtohaveataste.Afterdrinkingacupoftea,shefoundherselfcompletely__10__(refresh),andsheevenpraiseditasacureforallills.Fromthenon，itwaslistedasthetributetea.本文是一篇說明文。文章介紹龍井茶的歷史。1．which解析：考查非限制性定語從句。句意：龍井茶以其色、味、形在中國十大名茶中名列前茅，以其產(chǎn)地——西湖龍井村命名。此處Longjingtea是先行詞，指物，在后面的非限制性定語從句中作主語，故答案為which。2．is_named解析：考查被動語態(tài)。句意：龍井茶以其色、味、形在中國十大名茶中名列前茅，以其產(chǎn)地——西湖龍井村命名。結(jié)合句意可知句子用一般現(xiàn)在時態(tài)，句子主語Longjingtea是單數(shù)第三人稱，和name之間是被動關(guān)系，故答案為isnamed。3．growth解析：考查名詞。句意：良好的環(huán)境和水資源對茶葉的生長起到了很大的作用，證明了“龍井茶是世界上最好的茶之一”的說法。依據(jù)the，可知此空用名詞形式，故答案為growth。4．best解析：考查最高級。句意：良好的環(huán)境和水資源對茶葉的生長起到了很大的作用，證明了“龍井茶是世界上最好的茶之一”的說法。依據(jù)句意以及the，可知此空用最高級，故答案為best。5．to解析：考查固定結(jié)構(gòu)。句意：多虧了清朝乾隆皇帝，茶葉贏得了很高的聲譽(yù)。thanksto多虧了……，故答案為to。6．the解析：考查固定詞組。atthefootof在……腳下，故答案為the。7．picking解析：考查現(xiàn)在分詞。句意：在摘茶的時候，他收到了母親生病的消息，所以他不當(dāng)心把葉子放在他的右袖里，離開杭州去了北京。此處句子主語he和pick之間是主動關(guān)系，所以用現(xiàn)在分詞作時間狀語，故答案為picking。8．left解析：考查時態(tài)。句意：在摘茶的時候，他收到了母親生病的消息，所以他不當(dāng)心把葉子放在他的右袖里，離開杭州去了北京。此處是表示過去的并列謂語，故答案為left。9．immediately解析：考查副詞。句意：他一到北京就去探望了他的母親，他的母親從他的袖子里聞到了茶葉的香味，想要嘗一嘗。此處是副詞修飾動詞，故答案為immediately。10．refreshed解析：考查過去分詞作賓語補(bǔ)足語。句意：喝了一杯茶后，她發(fā)覺自己完全復(fù)原了精神，她甚至贊揚(yáng)這是治愈一切疾病的良藥。此處是find＋賓語＋過去分詞，故答案為refreshed。D(2024·石嘴山三中第三次模擬)LastSunday,Iaccompaniedtwoofmyforeignfriends,TomorMary,aroundChengdusothattheycouldgetafeelingoftheamazedcity.WebeganbytouringKuanZhaiAlley,thatisknownforitstraditionalChinesearchitecture.IknowtheareaverygoodsoIactedastheirtourguide.Forlunch，ItriedsomeChengdufriedsaucenoodles.Tomthoughtthattheywereinparticularlydelicious.Soonbeforelunch,wewenttotheResearchBaseofGiantPandatopayavisittothepandas.BothMaryandTomfallinlovewiththelovelypandas.Wefinishedoffthedaybygoingshopping,andtheyboughtsomepapercutsassouvenir.ItwasfantasticdayandIhopetheywillcometoChengduagain.答案LastSunday,Iaccompaniedtwoofmyforeignfriends,Tomeq\o(or,\s\do10(and))Mary,aroundChengdusothattheycouldgetafeelingoftheeq\o(amazed,\s\do10(amazing))city.WebeganbytouringKuanZhaiAlley,eq\o(that,\s\do10(which))isknownforitstraditionalChinesearchitecture.Iknowtheareaveryeq\o(good,\s\do10(well))soIactedastheirtourguide.Forlunch,eq\o(I,\s\do10(we))triedsomeChengdufriedsaucenoodles.Tomthoughtthattheywereeq\o(in,＼)particularlydelicious.Sooneq\o(before,\s\do10(after))lunch,wewenttotheResearchBaseofGiantPandatopayavisittothepandas.BothMaryandTomeq\o(fall,\s\do10(fell))inlovewiththelovelypandas.Wefinishedoffthedaybygoingshopping,andtheyboughtsomepapercutsaseq\o(souvenir,\s\do10(souvenirs)).Itwaseq\o(∧,\s\do10(a))fantasticdayandIhopetheywillcometoChengduagain.E(2024·葫蘆島市一般中學(xué)髙三第一次模擬)LastSaturday，eightstudentsfromourschoolpayavisittoNingxiaScienceandTechnologyMuseum.Themuseum,whichmaintaskistospreadtheknowledgeofscienceandtechnology,coversareaof15,000squaremeters.Themomentwhenweenteredthemuseum,theexhibitioncaughttheirattention.Inthemuseum,wesawthelatestprogressesinscienceandtechnology.Moreover,wedidanamazedscientificexperimentbyourselves.Whatappealedforusmostwasthe4Dfilmwhichmadeusfeelwewereinrealevents.Thoughthevisitingtimewasslightshort,wegainedalot.Itissoaninstructiveactivitythatwehopemorewillbeorganizedinthefuture.答案LastSaturday,eightstudentsfromourschooleq\o(pay,\s\do10(paid))avisittoNingxiaScienceandTechnologyMuseum.Themuseum,eq\o(which,\s\do10(whose))maintaskistospreadtheknowledgeofscienceandtechnology,coverseq\o(∧,\s\do10(an))areaof15,000squaremeters.Themomenteq\o(when,＼)weenteredthemuseum,theexhibitioncaughteq\o(their,\s\do10(our))attention.Inthemuseum,wesawthelatesteq\o(progresses,\s\do10(progress))inscienceandtechnology.Moreover,wedidaneq\o(amazed,\s\do10(amazing))scientificexperimentbyourselves.Whatappealedeq\o(for,\s\do10(to))usmostwasthe4Dfilmwhichmadeusfeelwewereinrealevents.Thoughthevisitingtimewaseq\o(slight,\s\do10(slightly))short,wegainedalot.Itiseq\o(so,\s\do10(such))aninstructiveactivitythatwehopemorewillbeorganizedinthefuture.F(2024·眉山市中學(xué)第一次診斷性考試)Ifoundawalletacoupleofweeksagointhecar,whereIwasrenting.Thewallethadcreditcardsbutquiteabitofcashinside.Thegentlem