陜西2020-2024年中考英語五年真題匯編教師版-專題04 閱讀理解之說明文

陜西2020-2024年中考英語五年真題匯編教師版——專題04閱讀理解之說明文【五年考情回顧】年份體裁主題內(nèi)容2024年說明文本文主要介紹喬納斯·考夫曼是如何愛上意大利和它的音樂的。2023年說明文本文主要介紹了幫助學生養(yǎng)成良好的學習習慣，更好地理解化學的建議。2022年說明文本文由動物遷徙引出了英語的造詞，告訴我們找出單詞之間的關(guān)系并在一個或多個小組中學習它們也可以是學習語言的一種方式。2020年說明文本文介紹了人們是用語言去交流，而習語是表達人們想法的一種方式，有的時候習語會引起誤會，也會讓人很頭疼，但是另一方面，習語是了解一種新文化的有趣方式。（2024·陜西·中考真題）SHARETHEMAGICofItaliansongwithJonasKaufmannasheshowsusbothonandoffstage,howhefellinlovewithItalyanditsmusic.“ITALIANSLOVETOSING.Theysinginthestreet.Theysingwhiletheygoabouttheirbusiness.Itisnotjustacliché—inItaly,youseegrown-upmenjustsingingwhiletheywork,becausetheywanttosomehowexpresstheirfeelings.Musicisnotonlytomakeyousmile,musicistomakeyouthink,andsometimestounderstandthatyou’renottheonlyonecarryinggreatproblemswithyou.Byexpressingthatinasong,youcanbetterlivewithit,becausesomebodyfoundtherightwords,therightwaytoexpresswhatyou’refeelingatthatmoment.ThesongsonthisalbumshowthewholerangeofemotionsthatItalianmusiciscapableof,justlikeinopera...”—JonasKaufmannTheword“album”inthetextmeansagroupofsongsorpiecesofmusiconaCD．TheunderlinedpartmeanstherichfeelingsthatItalianmusicisabletoexpress.1．Thesongsonthisalbumaresungin________.A．Russian B．French C．English D．Italian2．FromKaufmann’swords,wecanknow________.A．howmuchItalianslovemusic B．howhecreatedhismusicC．hisexperienceoflearningmusic D．hisadviceonmakingmusic3．WhichofthefollowingwouldKaufmannmostprobablyagreeaccordingtothetext?A．Musicisatooltolearnalanguage. B．Musiccanworkasthekeytothedoorofart.C．Musicisthemostbeautifulartform. D．Musiccanmakepeoplelesslonely.【答案】1．D2．A3．D【導語】本文主要介紹喬納斯·考夫曼是如何愛上意大利和它的音樂的。1．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“DolceVitaistheItalianlanguagefortheEnglishexpression...”可知，專輯是意大利語的，故選D。2．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“ITALIANSLOVETOSING.Theysinginthestreet.Theysingwhiletheygoabouttheirbusiness.Itisnotjustacliché—inItaly,youseegrown-upmenjustsingingwhiletheywork,becausetheywanttosomehowexpresstheirfeelings.”可知，意大利人喜歡唱歌。他們在街上唱歌。他們一邊做自己的事一邊唱歌。這不僅僅是一種陳詞濫調(diào)——在意大利，你會看到成年男性在工作時唱歌，因為他們想以某種方式表達自己的感受。由此可知，意大利人非常喜歡音樂。故選A。3．推理判斷題。根據(jù)“andsometimestounderstandthatyou’renottheonlyonecarryinggreatproblemswithyou”可知，音樂有時候讓明白你并不是唯一一個有大問題的人，所以音樂可以使人不那么孤獨。故選D。（2023·陜西·中考真題）Chemistryisusuallythoughttobemoredifficultthanothersubjects,atleastforthebeginners.Therearesomereasonsforthisidea.Foronething,chemistryhasaveryspecializedvocabulary（學科專用語匯）.Atfirst,studyingchemistryislikelearninganewlanguage.Also,someconcepts（概念）ofchemistryarehardtounderstand.However,withhardworkandcarefulstudy,youcanfinishthissubjectsuccessfully—andevenenjoyit.Herearesomesuggestionstohelpyoudevelopgoodstudyhabitsandbetterunderstandthetopicsinthebook:●Firstly,attendclassesontime.Listentoyourteacherandtakecarefulnotesinclass.Ifpossible,alwaysreviewthetopicsyoulearninclass,andreviewyournotesonthesameday.●Secondly,thinkcarefullywhetheryoureallyunderstandthemeaningofatermortheuseofanequation（方程式）.Agoodwaytotestyourunderstandingistoexplainaconcepttoaclassmateorsomeoneelse.●Thirdly,payattentiontothingswhichhavesomethingtodowithchemistryinlife.Watchordoexperimentsinclasscarefully.●Fourthly,questionoftenanddonotbeafraidtoaskyourteacherorclassmatesforhelp.Youwillfindthatchemistryismuchmorethannumbers,formulas（分子式）andequations.It’softenusedindailylifejustlikemathandphysics.Onceyoufallinlovewithit,you’llgetlotsoffun.4．Howmanysuggestionsdoesthewritergivethereaders?A．Three. B．Four. C．Five. D．Six.5．Thewriterthinksthatagoodwaytotestyourunderstandingoftheformula“H2CO3”isto________.A．writeitontheblackboard B．readitaloudinclassC．explainittosomeoneelse D．a(chǎn)skothersthemeaningofit6．Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingisTRUE?A．Chemistryismoreoftenusedthanphysics.B．Someconceptsofchemistryarehardtounderstand.C．Studyingchemistryislikelearningourmotherlanguage.D．Chemistryisusuallythoughttobeasdifficultasothersubjects.7．Thepassageismainlyabout________.A．differencesbetweenchemistryandphysics B．theimportanceofchemistryandphysicsC．whychemistryishardforbeginners D．howstudentsstudychemistry【答案】4．B5．C6．B7．D【導語】本文主要介紹了幫助學生養(yǎng)成良好的學習習慣，更好地理解化學的建議。4．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“●Firstly...●Secondly...●Thirdly...●Fourthly”可知作者給讀者4條建議，故選B。5．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Agoodwaytotestyourunderstandingistoexplainaconcepttoaclassmateorsomeoneelse.”可知作者認為測試你對“H2CO3”公式理解程度的一個好方法是向別人解釋它。故選C。6．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Also,someconcepts（概念）ofchemistryarehardtounderstand.”可知有些化學概念很難理解。故選B。7．主旨大意題。根據(jù)“Herearesomesuggestionstohelpyoudevelopgoodstudyhabitsandbetterunderstandthetopicsinthebook:”可知本文主要介紹了幫助學生養(yǎng)成良好的學習習慣，更好地理解化學的建議，故選D。（2022·陜西·中考真題）Doyouknowthewordmigrate?Itisawordusuallyusedtotalkaboutcertainanimalssuchasbirds,fishandsoon.Whenanimalsmigrate,theytravelalongwayfromonepartoftheworldtoanotheraccordingtotheseason.Forexample,swallows(燕子)migratesouthinwinter.Manyanimalsmigrate—theydothisoftenatthesametimeandtothesameplaceeachyear.Theymovetoplaceswhereconditionsarebetter—wheretheweatheriswarmer,wherethereismorefoodandwater,orwheretheiryoungwillbesafer.Peoplealsomigrate.Whenpeoplemigrate,theygotoliveinanotherareaorcountry,especiallyinordertofindwork.InEnglish,whenpeopleleavetheirhomecountryinordertoliveinanothercountry,weusethewordemigrateinsteadofmigrate.Frommigrateandemigratecomethewordsmigrationandemigration.However,ifpeoplemovefromtheirhomecountrytoanothertolivethereforever(永久地),thewordchangesfromemigratetoimmigrateintheEnglishlanguage.Thenthewordimmigrationisborn.Isn’tword-makingoftheEnglishlanguageinteresting?Andcanthisprocess(過程)offindingouttherelationshipsbetweenwordsandlearningtheminagrouporgroupsbeawayforyoutolearnthelanguage?BasedonLongmanDictionaryofContemporaryEnglish,6thedition.8．WhichofthefollowingsituationscanmatchthemainideaofParagraph1?A．Snakesmoveintoholestosleepinwinter.B．Fishswimtocleanwatersbecauseofpollution.C．Birdsflyveryfarawaytofindfoodandreturntogiveittotheirbabies.D．MonarchbutterfliesinNorthAmericaflysouthtostayawayfromthecold.9．Accordingtothepassage,ifpeople________,theyleavetheirhomecountrytoliveinanotherforever.A．travel B．migrate C．emigrate D．immigrate10．Thepassageiswrittento________.A．introducemigrationofanimals B．tellreadersawayoflearningEnglishC．showhowEnglishwordschange D．explainwhypeoplemigrate【答案】8．D9．D10．B【導語】本文由動物遷徙引出了英語的造詞，告訴我們找出單詞之間的關(guān)系并在一個或多個小組中學習它們也可以是學習語言的一種方式。8．推理判斷題。根據(jù)“Whenanimalsmigrate,theytravelalongwayfromonepartoftheworldtoanotheraccordingtotheseason”可知當動物遷徙時，它們會根據(jù)季節(jié)從世界的一個地方長途跋涉到另一個地方，故選項D“北美帝王蝶南飛避寒”符合第一段的主旨。故選D。9．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“ifpeoplemovefromtheirhomecountrytoanothertolivethereforever(永久地),thewordchangesfromemigratetoimmigrateintheEnglishlanguage”可知如果人們從他們的祖國搬到另一個國家永遠住在那里，這個詞在英語中從emigrate變?yōu)閕mmigrate。故選D。10．主旨大意題。本文由動物遷徙引出了英語的造詞，告訴我們找出單詞之間的關(guān)系并在一個或多個小組中學習它們也可以是學習語言的一種方式。故選B。（2020·陜西·中考真題）Peopleuselanguagestocommunicate.Anylanguagehasitswaystoexpresspeople’sminds.Oneofthewaysincommonistheuseofidioms.Anidiomisagroupofwords.Ithasaspecialmeaningthatisdifferentfromtheusualmeaning.Forexample,undertheweatherisanidiommeaningill.Sowhenpeoplesay“I’mundertheweather,"theyaresayingthatthey’renotfeelingwell.Anotherexample,inallweathersmeansinallkindsofweather.So,“Therearehomelesspeoplesleepingonthestreetsinallweathers"tellsusthathomelesspeoplesleeponthestreetsnomatterwhetheritiscoldorhot.Differentlanguagesmayhavedifferentwaystomakeidioms.Forpeoplewhoarelearningaforeignlanguage,idiomscouldcausemisunderstandingsandbringthemendlessheadaches.Ontheotherhand,ifthingsaredoneright,idiomscanalsobeafunwayoflookingintoanewcultureandunderstandinghowthepeoplethinkandtalk.Metaphor(比喻)isoftenusedinidioms.Let’sreadthefollowingtwoexamples:●Itmakesmybloodboil(煮沸)whenpeoplelitter.●Thenightwasdarkandquiet;mybloodrancoldwhenIheardastrangenoiseoutsideatdarknight.Inneithersituationabove,ourbloodcanreachthepointsohighorsolowintemperature.Yet,withthesituationsthetwosentencescreated,itisnotdifficulttoworkouttheunhappyfeelingsofreallyangryinthefirstexampleandveryafraidinthesecond.Ofcourse,notallidiomsarethiseasytounderstand.Whenwecometoidiomsofaforeignlanguage,agooddictionaryofidiomsisalwayssuggested.11．Thispassagetellsussomethingabout__________intheEnglishlanguage.A．grammar B．writing C．reading D．idioms12．Ifyourbrotherbreaksyourcomputer,youcansaytohim,“__________.”A．I’mundertheweather B．I’mthereinallweathersC．You’vemademybloodboil D．Mybloodrunscold13．Whatisthewriter’sadvicewhenyoucometoanexpressionlikeundertheweather?A．Weshouldlookitupinagoodidiomdictionary.B．Weshouldtrytoexpressourmindswithit.C．Weshouldfindaninterestingwaytolearnit.D．Weshouldcreatesituationstoguessitsmeaning.【答案】11．D12．C13．A【分析】本文介紹了人們是用語言去交流，而習語是表達人們想法的一種方式，有的時候習語會引起誤會，也會讓人很頭疼，但是另一方面，習語是了解一種新文化的有趣方式。11．主旨大意題。根據(jù)Oneofthewaysincommonistheuseofidioms及下文的介紹，可知，本文是告訴我們英語中關(guān)于習語的一些知識。故選D。12．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Itmakesmybloodboil(煮沸)whenpeoplelitter及itisnotdifficulttoworkouttheunhappyfeelingsofreallyangryinthefirstexample，可知，makemybloodboil形容人在生氣時的不愉快情緒，所以當你的哥哥弄壞你的電腦時，你一定是生氣的，可以用makemybloodboil表達。故選C。13．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Whenwecometoidiomsofaforeignlanguage,agooddictionaryofidiomsisalwayssuggested，可知，當我們碰到一種外國語言的習語時，我們應(yīng)該在一本好的習語字典里進行查閱。故選A。（2024·陜西商洛·三模）Youngpeopleenjoydifferentkindsofdrinks,thoughtheyknowhowbaddrinksarefortheirhealth.Whatwillhappentoyouifwatertakestheplaceofalldrinks?ChrisBailey,apopularblogger,triedthisout.Herearetheadvantagesthathehasfoundaboutdrinkingwater.First,youloseweightfaster.Youdon’thavetoexercisebutjustkeepawayfromdrinksfor9days.Sowaterisveryimportant.Itisthesameasrunningfor8kilometersaday!Sowritedownyourresolutiononapieceofpaperandputitonthewall.Andyouwillseetheresultsoon.Sometimeswhenyouhavetostayuplateforatest,youmaydrinkacupofteaorcoffee.Butdoyouknow75to85percentofyourbrainiswater?Nothingelse!Justbydrinkingwater,yourbraincanworkefficiently.Youmayrememberthingsquickly.What’smore,waterwashesoutsomethingbadinyourbody.Sodrinkingenoughwatercanstopyoufromgettingoldsoon.Ifyouwanttolookyoungandbeautiful,drinkwaterrightnow!Keepondoingitforlonger,andyouwillbesurprisedtotouchyoursoftandcleanskin(皮膚).Lastly,yousavemoney!Thepriceofwaterismuchlowerthanthatofotherdrinks.Drinkenoughwatereveryday,orspendmoneyvisitingdoctors.Thinkaboutit!So,whatareyouwaitingfor?14．Youcanwritedown“________”onapieceofpaperaccordingtoParagraph3.A．Takemoreexercise! B．Drinkmorewater!C．Usethebrainmore! D．Savemoremoney!15．Theunderlinedword“efficiently”inParagraph4means“________”.A．well B．badly C．happily D．slowly16．Whatcanweinferfromthetext?A．Thereis25%waterinyourbrain.B．Keepingondrinkingwatermakeshairsoftandclean.C．Stayingawayfromdrinksfor9dayshelpsloseweight.D．Themoneyspentoncoffeeislessthanthatinvisitingdoctors.【答案】14．B15．A16．C【原文】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要講述了博主ChrisBailey,嘗試用水替代飲料后的發(fā)現(xiàn)與好處。文章強調(diào)了用水替代其他飲料的健康和經(jīng)濟優(yōu)勢，例如減肥更快、提高大腦效率、防止衰老、省錢，并鼓勵人們多喝水。14．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“First,youloseweightfaster.Youdon’thaveto…willseetheresultsoon.”可知是與減輕體重有關(guān)，這一段表示不是必須要運動，排除A項，CD項與體重無關(guān)，B項喝更多的水符合題意。故選B。15．詞義猜測題。根據(jù)“Butdoyouknow75to85percentofyourbrainiswater?Nothingelse!Justbydrinkingwater,yourbraincanworkefficiently.Youmayrememberthingsquickly.”可知，大腦75%到85%是水，光是喝水，大腦就能高效工作。故選A。16．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“First,youloseweightfaster.Youdon’thaveto…willseetheresultsoon.”可知，減肥不需要鍛煉，只要9天遠離酒精就有助于減肥。故選C。（2024·陜西商洛·三模）Haveyouheardofthehorse-faceskirts?TheseChineseskirtsdatebacktotheSongDynasty(960—1279).Theyhavebeautifulpatterns(圖案)andfoldsonbothsides.Andthereareopeningsinthefrontandbackoftheskirts.Thisstyleiscalled“mamian”.InSongDynasty,womenusedtowearthehorse-faceskirtswhentheyrodedonkeys(驢)orhorses.Theopeningsmakeitconvenientforwomentogetonandoffthem.Inthenexthundredsofyears,theseskirtshavebecomemoreandmorebeautiful.In2022,manyhanfuloversbegantospreadtheknowledgeoftheskirts.ThishelpedmorepeoplelearnabouttraditionalChineseclothes.“Forus,wearingtheskirtsisnotjustforfashion(時尚),”saidMao,oneofthehanfulovers,“ItalsoshowsourloveforChineseculture.”Recently,theskirtshavegottenevenmorepopular.ManyfamousChinesepeoplehavewornthemtointernationalevents.AndduringthispastSpringFestival,lotsofyoungpeopleworetheskirtswhentheywentontrips.Peopleinothercountriesliketheseskirts,too.Chineseclothingfactorieshavegottenalotofordersforthemfromabroad.Areportstudiedhowpopulartheskirtswereamongforeignusersofsomeshortvideoapps.Whatdidthereportfind?Lastyear,usersfrommorethan90countriessharedsomethingabouttheskirts!Besidestheskirts,“newChinese-styleclothes”isalsoahottopic.TheseclothesaddtraditionalChinesesymbolstomodernfashion.Theyhavewontheheartsofmanypeoplearoundtheworld.17．Whichisthepictureofahorse-faceskirt?A． B． C． D．18．WhydidwomeninSongDynastywearthehorse-faceskirts?A．Forbeauty. B．Forridinghorsesordonkeys.C．Fordoinghouseworkathome. D．ForshowingtheirloveforChineseculture.19．Whatdidthereportfindaboutthehorse-faceskirtsinParagraph5?A．Theyappearinallusers’videos. B．Theyaremoreexpensivethanbefore.C．Theyhavegottentheworld’sattention. D．Theyhavechangedwesternfashion.20．Thepassagemostprobablycomesfromthe________partofamagazine.A．Sports B．Business C．Travel D．Culture【答案】17．A18．B19．C20．D【導語】本文主要講了馬面裙的歷史及其在當今社會的受歡迎程度。17．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Theyhavebeautifulpatternsandfoldsonbothsides.Andthereareopeningsinthefrontandbackoftheskirts.Thisstyleiscalled‘mamian’.”可知，馬面裙兩邊有漂亮的圖案和褶皺，裙子的前后都有開口。故選A。18．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“InSongDynasty,womenusedtowearthehorse-faceskirtswhentheyrodedonkeysorhorses.Theopeningsmakeitconvenientforwomentogetonandoffthem.”可知，在宋代，婦女騎驢或騎馬時要穿馬臉裙，這些開口方便女性上下。故選B。19．推理判斷題。根據(jù)第五段內(nèi)容可知，馬面裙在海外也受到了廣泛的歡迎，C選項“他們獲得了世界的關(guān)注”符合題意。故選C。20．推理判斷題。本文主要講了馬面裙的歷史及其在當今社會的受歡迎程度，馬面裙是中國文化的一部分，所以推測可能在雜志的文化專欄中看到這篇文章。故選D。（2024·陜西渭南·二模）Plantsarerooted(扎根)inoneplace.Theycan’trunawayfromdangerorwalkoverthesunnysideofthegarden.Sotheyhavetodevelopsomespecialwaystoprotectthemselvesandgrowinthenature.Somescientistsfoundthatplantscansensetheirsurroundings.You’veallseenplantsgrowtowardslightwhichiscalledphototropism(向光性).Evenifthetopofthemarecutoff,theplantsdon’tchangethedirection.Theysensethelightandtelltherestoftheplantshowtogrowthen.Someplants“talk”witheachotherbyusing“airmail”towarneachotherofdanger.ResearchersinEnglandcuttheleavesofcabbages.Thecabbagesthenproduceatinynumberofchemicals(化學物質(zhì))thatprotectthemselvesfromsomeinsects.Strangely,thecabbageswhicharen’tcutnearbyalsobegintogiveofftheirowndifferentchemicals.Thatmeanstheyseemtoreceiveawarningfromtheircabbageneighbors.Mostamazingly,plantshaveagreatsystemofcommunicationthatcanconnectnearlyeveryplantinaforestbyfungi(真菌).Itconnectstherootsofdifferentplantstoeachother.Scientistscallthesystemthe“woodwideweb”,similartotheInternetweuse.Usingthenetwork,plantscancommunicateandshareinformationandevenfoodwitheachother.Whateverthecase,plantsarestrangerandmorewonderfulthanwecanimagine.21．Picture________showstheword“phototropism”.A． B． C． D．22．Wecanfindtheanswertothequestion“________”inthethirdparagraph.A．Whydothecabbagesproducethechemicals?B．HowdothecabbagesgrowbiggerinEngland?C．HowmanyresearchersarethereinEngland?D．Whendidtheresearchersdotheexperiment?23．Inwhichpartofamagazinecanwefindthepassage?A．Art. B．Nature. C．Culture. D．Sports.【答案】21．D22．A23．B【導語】本文主要介紹了一些植物保護自己的方式以及植物之間的交流。21．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“You’veallseenplantsgrowtowardslight...”可知，植物向光生長，這種現(xiàn)象被稱為“phototropism”，所以phototropism意為“向光性”，D項圖片符合題意。故選D。22．主旨大意題。根據(jù)第三段“ResearchersinEnglandcuttheleavesofcabbages.Thecabbagesthenproduceatinynumberofchemicals...”可知，切卷心菜時，它們會產(chǎn)生一種微量的化學物質(zhì)來保護自己；因此第三段在講述為什么卷心菜會產(chǎn)生化學物質(zhì)。故選A。23．推理判斷題。通讀全文可知本文介紹了一些植物保護自己的方式以及植物之間的交流，這屬于自然話題。故選B。（2024·陜西西安·二模）ZhengHuanhasadeeplovefornature.“Sunshine,air,water,plantsandanimals...Theyarethemostimportantthingsonourplanet.However,manypeoplehaven’trealizedit,”Zhengsaid.“What’sworse,climatechangeisgreatlyaffectingbiodiversity(生物多樣性)andourenvironment.”Zhengdecidedtomakeachange.ShesetuptheYouthLeaderFundandbeganworkingwithgamecompaniesandartists.Togethertheyhavemadeclimatechangeathingthatcanbeseen,feltanddealtwith.ZhenghasbeenworkingonagamecalledGuardiansofEarth.Playerstakepicturesofdifferentkindsofplantsandanimalstoearnpointsinthegame.“Thegamehaschangedmyideasaboutplantsandanimals.Theyhaveallbecomealiveandmeaningfultome,”oneplayersaid.AnotherprojectZhengishelpingwithisondigital(數(shù)字的)artworksaboutclimatechange.Sheinvitedartiststocreatepiecesbasedonasci-finovelAI2041,whichtalkedabouthowAIwouldaffecttheenvironmentinthefuture.“Onlinepaintingscanreachmorepeopleinashortertime,”Zhengsaid.“Iwanttoincreasepeople’sunderstandingofnatureinbeautifulandfuturisticways,”sheadded.Zheng’sworkhasgotwideattentionandpraise.Shehopesonedaybiodiversityandclimatechangewillbecomeoldideas—likesomethingthatisrooted(植根于)inpeople’shearts.24．ZhengsetuptheYouthLeaderFundto________.A．learnfromartists B．getclosertonatureC．fightagainstclimatechange D．makemorepeoplegetinterestedinnature25．WhichofthefollowingisTRUEaboutthebookAI2041?A．Itbecamepopularinaveryshorttime. B．ItisabouttheadvantagesofAI.C．ItwaswrittenbyZhengHuan. D．Itisasci-finovel.26．Wheremayyoufindthepassage?A．Inaguidebook. B．Inamagazineaboutnature.C．Inahistorytextbook. D．Inasciencefiction.【答案】24．C25．D26．B【導語】本文主要介紹了鄭歡設(shè)立青年領(lǐng)袖基金并開展相關(guān)項目，讓人們更了解自然界的生物多樣性及氣候變化等問題。24．推理判斷題。根據(jù)“ShesetuptheYouthLeaderFundandbeganworkingwithgamecompaniesandartists.Togethertheyhavemadeclimatechangeathingthatcanbeseen,feltanddealtwith.”可知，鄭為了改變上文提到的氣候變化，于是建立了青年領(lǐng)袖基金會。故選C。25．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Sheinvitedartiststocreatepiecesbasedonasci-finovelAI2041”可知，這是一部科幻小說，故選D。26．推理判斷題。本文主要介紹鄭歡熱愛自然，及在應(yīng)對氣候變化方面做出的努力，應(yīng)出現(xiàn)在關(guān)于自然的雜志上。故選B。（2024·陜西咸陽·二模）Howdoyouusuallysleep—barefoot(赤腳)orwithsockson?Scientistshavefoundthatwearingsockstobedcanhelpyoufallasleepmorequickly.Isn’tthatamazing?Thetemperatureofyourinternalorgans(內(nèi)臟器官)iscalledyourcorebodytemperature(核心體溫).Duringtheday,yourcorebodytemperaturestaysaround37degrees.Overthecourseofsevenoreighthoursofsleep,itdropsbyasmuchas1.2degrees.Howdoesthishappen?Well,whenyourbraindecidesthatyourinternalorgansshouldcooldown,itwillwidenyourbloodvessels(血管).Thewarmerbloodfromyourbody’scorewillthenflowtotherestofyourbody.Inthisway,yourcorebodytemperaturegraduallydrops.Thisprocessisimportantforfallingasleep.Infact,thefasteryourbody’scorecoolsdown,thefasteryouwillgettosleep.Accordingtoscientists,wearingsockscanhelpwidenyourbloodvessels.This,inturn,lowersyourcorebodytemperatureandhelpsyoufallasleepmorequickly.Ifyouhavetroublegettingtosleep,whynotgiveitatry?Takeawarmfootbathbeforebedandputonyoursocks.You’llprobablyfallasleepfifteenminutesfasterthanusual!27．Whatisthecorrectorderaboutyourcorebodytemperature’schange?a.Thebrainwidensyourbloodvessels.b.Thebraindecidesinternalorgansshouldcooldown.c.Yourcorebodytemperaturegraduallydrops.d.Thewarmerbloodflowstotherestofyourbody.A．b→c→a→d B．b→a→d→c C．c→d→a→b D．c→a→b→d28．Ifyoucan’tgotosleepquickly,youcan________.A．listentomusicanddoexercise B．drinksomemilkandlistentomusicC．takeawarmfootbathandwearsocks D．takeawarm.bathanddoexercise29．Whatisthebesttitleforthepassage?A．DroppingBodyTemperature B．SleepingonTimeC．TakingTemperatureCorrectly D．SleepinginSocks30．Whatisthetext?A．Ahealthreport. B．Atravelguide. C．Astorybook. D．Asportmagazine.【答案】27．B28．C29．D30．A【導語】本文主要介紹了科學家們發(fā)現(xiàn)穿襪子睡覺可以幫助你更快入睡，并解釋了其中的原因。27．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Duringtheday,yourcorebodytemperaturestaysaround37degrees.Overthecourseofsevenoreighthoursofsleep,itdropsbyasmuchas1.2degrees”可知當你的大腦決定你的內(nèi)臟應(yīng)該冷卻下來時，它會拓寬你的血管，然后，來自身體核心的溫暖血液會流到身體的其他部位，這樣，你的核心體溫就會逐漸下降，故正確的順序是b→a→d→c。故選B。28．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“whenyourbraindecidesthatyourinternalorgansshouldcooldown,itwillwidenyourbloodvessels(血管).Thewarmerbloodfromyourbody’scorewillthenflowtotherestofyourbody.Inthisway,yourcorebodytemperaturegraduallydrops.”可知如果你難以入睡，睡前洗個熱水澡，穿上襪子。故選C。29．最