北京大學考博英語模擬試卷10

北京大學考博英語模擬試卷10

一、詞匯（本題共30題，每題7.0分，共30分。）

1、Policebelievethatmanyburglarsareamateurswhowouldfleeifanalarmsoundedor

lights.

A、cameout

B>cameto

C、cameon

D、camein

標準答案：A

知識點解析：本句意為“警察相信許多人室盜賊都不是慣犯，警報器一響或電燈一

亮他們就會逃走，comeout意為“出來；（燈）亮；（花）開"：cometo意為“共計，達

到；達成；歸結為“；comeon意為“跟著來，進步；成長”；comein意為“進入，到

達，流行起來”.因此正確答案是Ac

2、Hehadaclearofwhatwaswrongwiththemachineandfixeditinashort

time.

A、debris

deficiency

C>perception

D、persecution

標準答案：C

知識點解析：debris碎片,殘骸;deficiency缺乏，不足；perception理解,感知;

persecution迫害。

3、Yourwishtogoforawalkdoesnotyourleavingthebabyaloneinthehouse.

A、rectify

B、notify

C^signify

D、justify

標準答案：D

知識點解析：（justify證明……為正當）。句意為：你想出去散步并不能證明你可以

把孩子一個人留在家里。A.rectify糾正；B.notify通知；C.signify表明，意

味。

4、Thechieffunctionofmostsystemsofexchangecontrolistopreventorredressan

adversebalanceofpaymentsbylimitingforeign-exchangepurchasestoanamountnotin

excessofforeign-exchangereceipts.

A、eliminate

remedy

C>evade

D、decrease

標準答案：B

知識點解析：這句話的意思是：大多數(shù)外匯管制系統(tǒng)的主要功能是，通過限制外匯

儲備支出額低于外匯儲備收入以阻止或者——貿易逆差。在給出的選項中，

eliminate"除去，排除、remedy"治療，補救“；evade”逃避，規(guī)避“；decrease"減少

”。根據經濟常識，只有B項符合題意。因此正確答案為B。

5、leavingforworkinplentyoftimetocatchthetrainwillworryaboutbeing

late.

A、ruleoff

B>prevent

C、avoid

D、obviate

標準答案：D

知識點解析：obviate消除、排除（危險、障礙、擔憂等）；ruleoff畫線隔開;prevent

防止，預防；avoid避免。

6、Anthropologyisascienceanthropologistsusearigoroussetofmethodsand

techniquestodocumentobservationsthatcanbecheckedbyothers.

A、inthat

B、thatin

C、that

D、in

標準答案：C

知識點解析：考查的知混點是同位語從句。句意是：人類學就是人類學家利用一套

嚴格的方法和技術記錄能為其他人所驗證的觀察結果。根據同位語引導的規(guī)則推出

正確答案是C選項。

7、Peoplewholiketowearredclothesaremorelikelytobetalkativeand.

A、lucrative

B、introverted

C、vivacious

D、perilous

標準答案：C

知識點解析：lucraiive有利的，賺錢的；introveried內向的，含蓄的；vivacious活

潑的，快活的；perilous危險的。

8、HeswallowshiswordssomuchthatIcanneverwhatheissaying.

A、makeout

B>putup

C^dealwith

D、takeup

標準答案：D

知識點解析：各項的意思是：makeout”了解，辨認出“；putup"建造。舉起“ideal

with“處理”；takeup”詢問，理睬，對……采取進一步的行動”。根據句意判斷，答

案為Do

9、Inthepresenteconomicwecanmakeevengreaterprogressthanpreviously.

A、air

B、mood

C、area

D、climate

標準答案：D

知識點解析：climate除表示氣候,風土外,還可指（社會）風氣,一般（社會）趨勢。

如:politicalclimate政治風氣。

10、Researchdiscoveredthatplantsinfectedwithavirusgiveoffagasthat

diseaseresistanceinneighboringplants.

A^contracts

B、activates

C^maintains

D^prescribes

標準答案：C

知識點解析：暫無解析

11>IndescribingCaptainSentry'sfailuretoadvancetheauthoris.

A、factual

obsequious

Cssarcastic

D、gallant

標準答案：C

知識點解析：otherthat除了，相當于but或excepto句意：我們除了等待別無他

法。orother更準確地；butrather相反地；ratherthan而不。

12、WhenhelivedinTibetinthe1950s,radiowastheonlymeanshehadtokeep

ofcurrenteventsinthecountry.

A、response

B、track

C^record

D、trace

標準答案：B

知識點解析：暫無解析

13^AlthoughthisbookclaimstobeabiographyofGeorgeWashington,manyofthe

incidentsareimaginary.

A、fascinating

B、factitious

C、fastidious

D^fictitious

標準答案：D

知火點解析：句意：盡管這本書聲稱是GeorgeWashington的傳記，但很多事件都

是虛構的。ficlilious編造的，虛構的；fascinating迷人的，醉人的；factitious人為

的，不自然的;fastidious苛求的,挑剔的。

14、Ayoungmanseesasunsetandunabletounderstandorexpresstheemotionthatit

inhim,concludesthatitmustbethegatewaytoaworldthatliesbeyond.

A、reflects

B、retains

CNrouses

D、radiates

標準答案：C

知識點解析：原句意思是“年輕人看到日落的時候，對日落在自己心中所引起的情

感難以理解，也不好表達，便說那一定是通向太陽后面的那個世界的人口rouse

的意思為tomakesomeonemoreactive,interestedorexcited,即“引起，喚起“，恰

好符合題意。再例如：Wcdon'twanttorouseanysusoiclons.（我們并不想引起任

何疑慮。Reflect意為“反射,考慮"；retain意為“保留,維持”；radiate意為“發(fā)光,

射出

15、SomeHeadsofGovernmentnowfearthatnegotiationswillbeforea

settlementisreached.

A、wearout

B、comealong

C、breakoff

D、endup

標準答案：C

知識點解析：breakoff突然中止，中斷...，此句意思是“一些國家的首腦擔心，

還未達成一致之前談判就會中斷wearou【用壞，耗盡；comealong與某人一起來

（去）；endup以...而告終。

16、Theschoolauthorityagainststudents'smokingbothintheclassroomsandathome.

A、resolved

B、determined

C、banned

D、prohibited

標準答案：A

知識點解析：本題空格處是說學校當局反對學生吸煙。resolveon/uponsth./

doingsth.的意思是“決定做某事”;resolveagainststh./doingsth.的強思是“反對做

某事“；而ban和prohibit表禁止某人做某事時的用法是ban/prohibitsb.from

doingsth.。所以本題應選A.

17、InActionPainting,thepaintissometimesontothecanvas.

A^trickled

B>trampled

C、stroked

D^soaked

標準答案：A

知識點解析：暫無解析

18、Theirissuanceforpsychologistswillimpactnotonlyontheroleofcurrent

practitioners,butonthetrainingandjustifyingoffuture,aswellasthefunction

andpublicimageoftheprofession.

A、one

ones

C、case

D、cases

標準答案：B

知識點解析：此題為重點題來復習，因為不定代詞在考研題中每次都有。ones指

prac出ioners“實習生們”°

19、Whenhelosthisjobshetriedtohisfortunesbyrobbingabank.

A、revive

B、retrieve

C^rectify

D、recycle

標準答案：B

知識點解析：retrieve恢復，補救；revive復活，振作：rectify糾正；recycle再循

環(huán)，回收再用。句意：他失業(yè)后試圖搶劫銀行，撈回一筆錢。

20、Ifyoucanconvincetheinterviewerofyourspecialqualifications,yourchanceof

beingacceptedwillbegreatlyenhanced.

A、appreciated

B、encouraged

C、frustrated

D^increased

標準答案：D

知識點解析：空格處的意思是：如果你能讓你的面試官相信你的特殊條件，你被接

受的機會將大大提高。劃線單詞enhance的意思是“提高，增強:各選項的意思

是：叩predated感激；encouraged受到鼓勵；frustrated沮喪的：increased增強的。

21、Sinceitistoolatetochangemymind,Iamtocarryingouttheplan.

A、committed

obliged

C、engaged

D^resolved

標準答案：A

知識點解析：考查動詞詞組的用法。本句屬于因果關系。commit是“提交；答應負

責"，而becommittedto是“致力于”，一般后面跟名詞或動名詞;beobligedto是

“被迫做……”,一般后面接動詞的不定式；beengaged是“約定;與……訂婚”;

resolveio是“下決心做...”，沒有beresolvedlo的用法。只有A符合句意。

22、Awayfromtheirprofession,scientistsareinherentlynomorehonestorthan

otherpeople.

A、ethical

R、moderate

C、civilized

D、liberal

標準答案：A

知識點解析：（ethical合乎道德的）。句意為：從本質上講，在行業(yè)以外，科學家和

其他的人一樣不誠實，和其他的人一樣不講道德。B.moderale有節(jié)制的；

C.civilized文明的：D.liberal自由主義的。

23、Thedecisionwillgiverenewedtotheeconomicregenerationofbackward

regions.

A、index

B、impulse

C、impact

D、impetus

標準答案：D

知識點解析：（impetus動力，促進）。句意為；這項決定將會給落后地區(qū)經濟的振

興注入新的活力。A.index索引；B.impulse沖動；C.impact影響。

24>Somebirdswhentheylookforanimalstokillontheground.

A、hosed

B、rolled

C^hoverer

D、revolve

標準答案：C

知識點解析:hosed用軟管淋澆；rolled滾動；hoverer盤旋;停留在空中；revolve

旋轉。

25、Amanwhocouldsuchtreatmentwasamanofremarkablephysicalcourage

andmoralstrength.

A、bearupon

B、standupto

C、insiston

D、persistin

標準答案：B

知識點解析：（standuplo勇敢地面對，經得起）。句意為：能夠勇敢地面對這種治

療的人是一個很有膽量和勇氣的人。A.bearupon對……施加壓力，對……有影

響；C.insiston堅持；D.persistin堅持。

26、Thereisconflictinginformationonhowmuchironwomenneedintheirdiet.

A、somuch

B、somany

C、toofew

D、afew

標準答案：A

知識點解析：information是不可數(shù)名司,所以用somuch,答案是A。

27、Althoughwehadbeenpresentatroughlythesametime,Mr.Brownsaythesituation

quitedifferentfromihewayIsawit.

A、Although

B、at

C>different

D、theway

標準答案：c

知識點露析：句子大意為：盡管我們兩個基本上是一起到達現(xiàn)場的，布朗先生卻說

實際情況和我看到的卻不一樣。本題考查賓語從句和主謂一致。賓語從句中主語

為ihesitualion,故須使用單數(shù)形式的謂語動詞differs。所以，正確答案是C。

28、ThelittlegirlisignorantthebasicrulesofEnglishgrammar.

A、for

B、of

C^with

D、against

標準答案：B

知識點解析：ignorantof的意思是：不知道，不了解。

29、activeincommerceortheprofessions,mostofthewealthywerenotself-

made,buthadinheritedfamilyfortunes.

A、Exceptfor

Despite

C^As

D、Though

標準答案：B

知識點解析：“exceptfoi?”意為“除……之外”，“despite”意為“不管，盡管”，“as”意

為“當……時，隨著"，“though”意為“盡管，雖然”。根據題意，答案在選項B和D

之間，作“盡管”的意思時，“despite”是介詞，而“though”是連詞，后面跟句子，故

正確答案為Bo

30Itisironicthattheinsightsofthegreatthinkersarevoicedsooftenthatthey

havebecomemere

A、original...cliches

B、banal...beliefs

C^dubious...habits

D、philosophical...questions

標準答案：A

知識點解析：original...clich6s”原始的，獨創(chuàng)的...陳詞濫調”；banal...beliefs"陳

腐的...信仰dubious…h(huán)abits”可疑的習慣”；philosophical.questions”哲學

的……問題根據句意和各個選項的意思可知，正確答案是A。

二、閱讀理解（本題共730題，每題7.0分，共730

分。）

Justiceinsocietymustincludebothafairtrialtotheaccusedandtheselectionofan

appropriatepunishmentforthoseprovenguilty.Becausejusticeisregardedasoneform

ofequality,wefindinitsearlierexpressiontheideaofapunishmentequaltothecrime.

RecordedintheBibleistheexpression"aneyeforaneye,andatoothforatooth."That

is,theindividualwhohasdonewronghascommittedanoffenseagainstsociety.Tomake

repaymentforthisoffense,societymustgetequallybalanced,whichcanbedoneonlyby

imposinganequalinjuryuponhim.Thisconceptionofdeserved-punishmentjusticeis

reflectedinmanypartsofthelegalcodesandproceduresofmodemtimes,whichis

illustratedwhenwcdemandthedeathpenaltyforapersonwhohascommittedmurder.

ThisphilosophyofpunishmentwassupportedbytheGermanidealistHegel,who

believedthatsocietyowedittothecriminaltoputintooperationapunishmentequalto

thecrimehehadcommitted.Thecriminalhadbyhisownactionsdeniedhistrueselfand

itisnecessarytodosomethingthatwilleliminatethisdenialandrestoretheselfthathas

beendenied.Tothemurderernothinglessthangivinguphislifewillpayhisdebt.The

demandforthedeathpenaltyisarightthestateowesthecriminalanditshouldnotdeny

himwhathedeserves.Modernjuristshavetriedtoreplacedeserved-punishmentjustice

withthenotionofcorrectivejustice.Theaimofthelatterisnottoabandontheconceptof

equalitybuttofindamoreadequatewaytoexpressit.Ittriestopreservetheideaof

equalopportunityforeachindividualtorealize,thebestthatisinhim.Thisdoesnot

meanthatcriminalswillescapepunishmentorbequicklyreturnedtotakeupcareersof

crime.Itmeansthatjusticeistohealtheindividual,notsimplytogetevenwithhim.

Therefore,hisconvictionofcrimemustnotdeprivehimoftheopportunitytomakehis

wayinthesocietyofwhichheisapart.

31、AccordingtotheBible,theconceptofequalityinjusticemeans.

標準答案：C

知識點解析：根據文中intheBibleistheexpression4uaneyefbraneye,andatoothfor

atooth.”知，圣經提倡給予犯罪的人應有的懲罰，即，罰當?shù)肿铩?/p>

32、Theresultofdeserved-punishmentjusticeis.

標準答案：D

知識點解析：根據文中第三段第一句，判斷選D。

33、Inthesentence:"societyowedittothecriminaltoputintooperationapunishment

equaltothecrimehehadcommitted"theunderlinedpartcanbeinterpretedas:society

標準答案：B

知識?解析：句意為“社會有責任讓犯罪分子得到應有的懲罰”，選B。

34、Themaindifferencebetweendeserved-punishmentandcorrectivejusticeis.

標準答案：D

知識點解析：根據最后一段大意，deserved-punishment強調犯罪分子受到的懲罰應

該與其犯罪程度等值；而correctivejuslice不贊成“以眼還眼，以牙還牙”，重在對

其進行拯救。

35、Comparedwiththeoldjusticeconcept,modemlawasshowninthispassageis

標準答案：A

知識點解析：..justiceistohealtheindividual,notsimplytogetevenwith

him.”，選A。vengeful,復仇的；effective,有效的，高效的；jusl,正義的，公

正的；reasonable,合理的。

WhatMakesa"MillennialMind"?(1)Since1000AD,around30billionpeoplehave

beenbornonourplanet.Thevastmajorityhavecomeandgoneunknowntoallbuttheir

friendsandfamily.Afewhaveleftsometraceonhistory:adiscoverymade,perhaps,or

arecordbroken.Ofthose,fewerstillarcrememberedlongaftertheirdeath.Yetofallthe

peoplewhohavelivedtheirlivesduringthelast1,000years,just38haveachievedthe

statusof"MillennialMinds'*"that'sbarelyoneinabillion.ThosewhoselivesFocushas

chronicledhavethusbecomemembersofpossiblythemostexclusivelistofalltime.And

choosingwhoshouldbeincludedwasnoteasy.(2)Fromthebeginning,thesinglemost

importantcriterionwasthatthe"MillennialMinds"arethosewhodidmorethanmerely

achievegreatnessintheirowntime,orinonefield.ThusmerewinnersofNobelPrizes

hadnoautomaticrighttoinclusion,norartistswhogainedfameintheirownera,but

whosereputationhasfadedwithchangingfashion.Theachievementsofthegenuine

"MillennialMind"affectourlivesevennow,ofteninwayssofundamentalthatitishard

toimaginewhat'theworldwaslikebefore.(3)Noteventranscendentgeniuswas'enough

toguaranteeaplaceintheFocuslist.Torateasa"MillennialMind",thelifeand

achievementsalsohadtoeastlightonthecomplexnatureofcreativity:itsorigins,nature,

anditspersonalcost.

36、Thefirstparagraphtellsusthat.

標準答案：C

知識點解析：C項的意思是：Focus的“MillennialMinds”名單是由經過嚴格挑選的

少數(shù)人組成的，這是對的。A項意思是“這個名單是秘密選出來“，顯然不對；B項

的意思是：Focus給“MillennialMinds”編了一本傳記，但文章中并沒有提到;D項

的意思是：Focus極力想把那些著名的人物排除在外，這顯然是不對的。

37、Accordingtothesecondparagraph,whichofthefollowingstatementsisTRUE?

標準答案：C

知識點解析：從第二段第一句"whodidmorethanmerelyachievegreatnessintheir

owntime,orinonefield”可知B不對。D表達不準確，那些MillennialMinds的成

就對我們生活的影響是如此根本的，以致我們難以想像以前的世界是什么樣子的，

并不是說使我們不能記得過去的事物是什么樣子的。A由題可知明顯不正確，所以

本題應選C。

38、Inthefirstsentenceofthethirdparagraph,"transcendentgenius"means.

標準答案：A

知識點解析：“transcendent”是“卓越的，出眾的”的意思。

39、Inthethirdparagraph,thephrase"castlighton"canbereplacedby

標準答案：C

知識點解析：castlighton和shedlighton都有“使清楚,使明白地顯示出來”的意

思。

TributetoDr.CarloUrbani,IdentifierofSARS(1)Onthe29thofMarch,2003,the

WorldHealthOrganizationdoctorCarloUrbanidiedofSevereAcuteRespiratory

Syndrome,thefast-spreadingpneumoniathathadkilled54peopleworldwide.(2)The

46-year-oldItaliandoctorwasthefirstWHOofficertoidentifytheoutbreakofthisnew

diseaseinanAmericanbusinessman.Dr.UrbanifirstsawtheUSbusinessmanonFeb.

28,twodaysafterthepatienthadbeenadmittedtoahospitalinHanoi.AlthoughUrbani

hadwornamask,helackedgogglesandotherprotectiveclothing.Hebegandemanding

thatHanoihospitalsstockuponprotectivegearandtightenupinfectioncontrol

procedures.Buthewasfrustratedathowlongitwastakingtoteachinfection-control

procedurestopeopleinhospitals.Therewereshortagesofsupplies,likedisposable

masks,gowns,gloves.(31Afterthreeweeksofround-the-clockeffort,Urbani'ssuperior

urgedhimtotakeafewdaysofftoattendamedicalmeetinginBangkok,wherehewas

totalkonchildhoodparasites.Thedayafterhearrived,hebeganfeelingill-with

symptomsofthenewdisease.Hecalledhiswife,nowlivinginHanoiwiththeirthree

children.Hesaid:"GobacktoItalyandtakethechildren,becausethiswillbetheendfor

me."Dr.Urbanidevelopedafeverandwasputintoisolationwhereheremaineduntilhis

death.TheWHOrepresentativeinHanoisaid:"Hewasverymuchadoctor,hisfirstgoal

wastohelppeople."(4)HewasburiedonApril2,2003inCastclplanio,centralItaly,

leavingbehindhiswifeandchildren.Themeasureshehelpedputinplacebeforehis

deathappeartohavedousedtheSARSwildfireinVietnam.

40WhichofthefollowingstatementsisNOTTRUE?

標準答案：D

知識點解析：從第二段可得出，Dr.Urbani在給那名美國商人治病的時候，雖然

戴了面罩，但沒有目鏡，和其他的隔離服裝，這也就暗含著他是被這名美國商人感

染的，因此A項是正確的。文章末尾的那句話只能說明他幫忙采取了一些措施，

但具體是什么措施并沒有點明，因此錯誤的應該是D。

41、Inthethirdparagraph,"threeweeksofround-clockeffort"means.

標準答案：B

知識點解析：由第二段的最后幾句話可以看出來；在這三個星期里，Dr.Urbani

是在幫助醫(yī)院采取控制措施。

42、Accordingtothecontext,theword"doused"inthelastsentenceofthispassage

couldbebestreplacedwith.

標準答案：A

知識點解析：extinguished和douse一樣，都有“熄滅，消滅'’的意思。

Whenhewassofaroutthathecouldlookbacknotonlyonthelittlebaybutpastthe

stretchofrockthatwasbetweenitandtheseashore,hefloatedonthewarmsurfaceand

lookedforhismother.Thereshewasalineyellowdotunderanumbrellathatlookedlike

apieceoforange-skin.Heswambacktoshorejelievedatbeingsureshewasthere,butall

atonceverylonely.Ontheothersideofthebaywasaloosescatteringofrocks.Above

them,someboyswerestrippingofftheirclothes.Theycamerunning,theirbodies

bare,downtotherocks.Jerryswamtowardsthem,andkepthisdistancealittlewayoff.

Theywereoffthatcoast,allofthemburnedsmoothdarkbrown,andspeakingalanguage

hedidnotunderstand.Tobewiththem,ofthem,wasafeelingthatfilledhiswholebody.

Heswamalittlecloser:theyturnedandwatchedhimwithnarrowed,attentivedarkeves.

Thenonesmiledandwaved.Itwasenoughnervousness.Theyshoutedcheerfulgreetings

athim,andthen,ashepreservedhisnervous,puzzledsmile,theyunderstoodthathewasa

foreignerwhohadwanderedfromhisownpartofthesands,andtheypromptlyforgot

him.Buthewashappy.Hewaswiththem.Theybegandivingagainandagainfroma

highpointintoawellofblueseabetweenrough,pointedrocks.Aftertheyhaddivedand

comeup,theyswamround,pullcdthemselvesup,andwaitedtheirturntodiveagain.They

werebigboys—mentoJerry.Hedived,andtheywatchedhim,andwhenheswamround

totakehisplace,theymadewayforhim.Hefelthewasaccepted,andhedived

again,carefully,proudofhimself.Soon(hebiggestoftheboysbalancedhimself,shot

downintothewateranddidnotcomeup.Theothersstoodabout,watching.Jerry,after

waitingforthesmoothbrownheadtoappear,letoutacryofwarning;theylookedathim

idlyandturnedtheireyesbacktowardsthewater.Afteralongtime,theboycameupon

theothersideofabigdarkrockjettingtheairescapesuddenlyfromhislungswithmuch

coughingandspitting,andgivingashoutofsatisfaction,immcdiatcly,thcrestofthem

divedin.Onemomentthemorningseemedfullofboysasnoisyasacrowdofmonkeys;

thenext,theairandthesurfaceofthewaterwereempty.Butthroughtheheavyblue,dark

shapescouldbeseenmovingandsearching.Jerrydived,shotpasttheschoolof

underwaterswimmers,sawablackwallofrocktoweringoverhim.touchedit.andshot

upatoncetothesurface,wheretherockformedalowwallhecouldseeacross.There

wasnooneinsight,underhim,inthewateritheshadowyshapesoftheswimmershad

disappeared.Thenoneandthenanotheroftheboyscamegaporholeinit.Hedived

downagain.Hecouldseenothingthroughthestingingsaltwaterbutthesolidrock.

Whenhecameup,theboyswereallonthedivingrock,preparingtoattemptthetrick

again.Andnow,overcomewithasenseoffailure,heshoutedupinEnglish:"Lookatme!

Look!*'andhebegansplashingandkickinginthewaterlikeafoolishdog.

43、Itcanbeconcludedfromthepassagethat.

標準答案：C

知識點解析：題目問：從文章內容可以得出什么結論?第二段第十句"Theyshouted

cheerfulgreetingsathim,andthen,ashepreservedhisncnfous?puzzledsmile,they

understoodthathewasaforeignerwhohadwanderedfromhisownpartofthesands.”

通過這句話可知，他們高聲向他歡呼，因為他仍然有些緊張，笑得也有些迷茫，所

以他們明白了他是一名遠離自己故鄉(xiāng)的外地人。據此判斷，答案是C。

44、Theword"bare"inParagraph2means.

標準答案：D

知識點解析：題目問:第二段的單詞“bare”是什么意思?bare的意思是：“赤裸的”。

各選項的意思是：indisguise”偽裝"；inthelimelight“出風頭";bominthegutter”出

身貧苦”；intheraw”處于自然狀態(tài)的，天然的；裸體的“。所以，答案是D。

45、Atthebeginning,Jerrywasswimming.

標準答案：B

知識點解析：題目問：在開始的時候，Jerry怎么樣?第一段“Whenhewassofarout

thathecouldlookbacknotonlyonthelittlebaybutpastthestretchofrockthatwas

betweenitandtheseashore,hefloatedonthewarmsurfaceandlookedforhis

mother.”通過這句話可知，當他游得很遠時，他回頭不僅可以看見小海灘，而且

跨過海灘還可以看到其中的巖石和海濱，他漂浮在水中，并尋找著他的母親。所

以，答案是B。

46>Whathappenedtothebiggestboy?

標準答案：A

知識點解析：題目問：最大的男孩發(fā)生了什么事?倒數(shù)第二段第四句"Afteralong

time,theboycameupontheothersideofabigdarkrock,lettingtheairescape

suddenlyfromhislungswithmuchcoughingandspitting,andgivingashoutof

satisfaction”通過這句話可知，那個男孩是為了想在水下待盡可能長時間。所以，答

案是A。

47、Jerrysplashedandkickedinthewaterbecause.

標準答案：D

知識點解析：題目問：Jerry在水中又踢又濺水花，是因為什么?最后?段最后一句

“Andnow,overcomewithasenseoffailure,heshoutedupinEnglish：”Lookat

me!Look!”andhebegansplashingandkickinginthewaterlikeafoolishdog.”通過這

段話可知，Jerry在水中又踢又濺水花，是為了引起其他男孩的注意。所以，答案

是Do

Awisemanoncesaidthattheonlythingnecessaryfbrthetriumphofevilisforgood

mentodonothing.So,asapoliceofficer,Ihavesomeurgentthingstosaytogood

people.DaysafterdaysmymenandIstruggletoholdbackatidalwaveofcrime.

Somethinghasgoneterriblywrongwithouronce-proudAmericanwayoflife.Ithas

happenedintheareaofvalues.Akeyingredientisdisappearing,andIthinkIknowwhat

itis:accountability.Accountabilityisn'thardtodefine.Itmeansthateverypersonis

responsiblefbrhisorheractionsandliablefortheirconsequences.Ofthemanyvalues

thatholdcivilizationtogether-honesty,kindnessandsoonaccountabilitymaybethe

mostimportantofall.Wi:houtit,therecanbenorespect,notrust,nolawandultimately

nosociety.Myjobasapoliceofficeristoimposeaccountabilitytopeoplewhorefuse,or

haveneverlearned,toimposeitonthemselves.Butaseverypolicemanknows,external

controlsonpeople'sbehaviorarefarlesseffectivethaninternalrestraintssuchasguilt,

shameandembarrassment.Fortunatelytherearcstillcommunities—smallertowns,

usuallywhereschoolsmaintaindisciplinesandwhereparentsholdupstandardsthat

proclaim,"inthisfamilycertainthingsarenottolerated-theysimplyarenotdone!"Yet

moreandmore,especiallyinourlargercitiesandsuburbs,theseinnerrestraintsare

loosening.Yourtypicalrobberhasnone.Heconsidersyourpropertyhisproperty;he

takeswhathewants,includingyourlifeifyouenragehim.Themaincauseofthis

breakdownisaradicalshiftinattitudes.Thirtyyearsago,ifacrimewascommitted,

societywasconsideredthevictim.Now,inashockingreversal,it'sthecriminalwhois

consideredvictimized:byhisunderprivilegedupbringing,bytheschoolthatdidn'tteach

himtoread,bythechurchthatfailedtoreachhimwithmoralguidance,bytheparents

whodidn'tprovideastablehome.Idon'tbelieveit.Manyothersinequally

disadvantagedcircumstanceschoosenottoengageincriminalactivities.Ifwefreethe

criminal,evenpartly,fromaccountability,webecomeasocietyofendlessexcuseswhere

nooneacceptsresponsibilityforanything.WcinAmericadesperatelyneedmorepeople

whobelievethatthepersonwhocommitsacrimeistheoneresponsibleforit.

48Whatthewisemansaidsuggeststhat.

標準答案：B

知識點解析：第一段，智者的話意思是“邪惡獲勝的惟一條件是好人不采取任何行

動”，言外之意，如果好人不采取行動，邪惡肯定會盛行，選項B正確。

49、Accordingtotheauthor,ifapersonisfoundguiltyofacrime,.

標準答案：C

知識點解析：結尾段落，作者指出美國需要更多人認為thepersonwhocommitsa

crimeistheoneresponsibleit”罪犯實施犯罪行為責任應歸咎于他自身“，選項C正

確。

50、Comparedwiththoseinsmalltowns,peopleinlargecitieshave.

標準答案：A

知識點誦析：第六段，作者指出，幸運地是有些小團休(通常是學校或小城鎮(zhèn))為然

存在discipline,第七段，作者義談至ljinlargercitiesandsuburbstheseinnerrestraints

arcloosening,可判斷人城市居民要比小城鎮(zhèn)居民缺少自律。

51、Thewriterissorrytohavenoticedthat.

標準答案：A

知識點解析：倒數(shù)第三段，作者指出“令人吃驚的是現(xiàn)在it'sthecriminalwhois

consideredvictimized,\隨后，作者說Idon'tbelieveit,并指出，如果我們釋放

罪犯，那美國就會成為一個充滿借口的社會，沒有人會接受責任。可判斷作者感到

遺憾的是人們?yōu)樽锓刚腋鞣N借口，選項A正確。

52、Thekeypointofthepassageisthat.

標準答案：D

知識點解析：通篇文章作者圍繞accountability展開論述，并借當今社會人們?yōu)樽?/p>

犯找借口推脫責任的例子指出人們應當對個人行為負責，選項D正確。

Theincreaseinglobaltrademeansthatinternationalccmpaniescannotaffordtomake

costlyadvertisingmistakesiftheywanttobecompetitive.Understandingthelanguage

andcultureoftargetmarketsinforeigncountriesisoneofthekeystosuccessful

internationalmarketing.Toomanycompanies,however,havejumpedintoforeign

marketswithembarrassingresults.Translationmistakesareattheheartofmanyblunders

ininternationaladvertising.GeneralMotors,theUSautomanufacturer,gotacostly

lessonwhenitintroduceditsChevroletNovatothePuertoRicanmarket."Nova11isLatin

for"new(slar)"andmeans^star"inmanylanguages,butinspokenSpanishitcansound

like"nova",meaning"itdoesn'tgo”.Fewpeoplewantedtobuyacarwiththatcursed

meaning.WhenGMchangedthenametoCaribe,sales"pickedup"dramatically.

Marketingblundershavealsobeenmadebyfoodandbeveragecompanies.One

Americanfoodcompany'sfriendly"JollyGreenGiantu(foradvertising

vegetables)becamesomethingquitedifferentwhenitwastranslatedintoArabicas

"IntimidatingGreenOgre”.WhentranslatedintoGerman,Pepsi'spopularslogan,"Come

AlivewithPepsi"cameoutimplying"ComeAlivefromtheGrave'1.Nowonder

customersinGermanydidn'trushouttobuyPepsi.Successfulinternationalmarketing

doesn'tstopwithgoodtranslations-otheraspectsofculturemustberesearchedand

understoodifmarketersarctoavoidblunders.Whenmarketersdonotunderstandand

appreciatethevalues,tastes,geography,climate,superstitions,religion,oreconomyofa

culture,theyfailtocapturetheirtargetmarket.Forexample,anAmericandesignertried

tointroduceanewperfumeintotheLatinAmericanmarketbuttheproductarousedlittle

interest.Themainreasonwasthatthecamelliausedinitwastraditionallyusedfor

funeralsinmanySouthAmericancountries.Havingawakenedtothespecialnatureof

foreignadvertising,companiesarebecomingmuchmoreconscientiousintheir

translationsandmoresensitivetoculturaldistinctions.Thebestwaytopreventerrorsis

tohireprofessionaltranslatorswhounderstandthetargetlanguageanditsidiomatic

usage,ortouseatechniquecalled"backtranslation"toreducethepossibilityofblunders.

Theprocessusesonepersontotranslateamessageintothetargetlanguageandanother

totranslateitback.Effectivetranslatorsaimtocapturetheoverallmessageofan

advertisementbecauseaword-for-wordduplicationoftheoriginalrarelyconveysthe

intendedmeaningandoftencausesmisunderstandings.Indesigningadvertisementsfor

othercountries,messagesneedtobeshortandsimple.Theyshouldalsoavoidjokes,

sincewhatisconsideredfunnyinonepartoftheworldmaynotbesohumorousin

another.

53、Thebesttitleofthispassagemightbe.

標準答案：A

知識點解析：通讀全文可知文章主要討論廣告如何在不同的文化中取得正面理想效

果，歸納時應抓住文化和廣告這兩點，符合題意的只有A。

54、Whatdoestheword"blunder11meaninthispassage?

標準答案：B

知識點解析：blundern.(由于愚昧、無知、粗心等造成的)大錯：vi.犯大錯誤，

跌跌撞撞地走；vl.笨拙地做/說出，本文中的意思顯然是“大錯”，所以選B。

55、Whichofthefollowingstatementscanbeusedtosummarizethegistfrom

Paragraph3toParagraph6?

標準答案：B

知識點解析：第三段至第六段的大意就在第三段里可以找到，Translationmistakes

areattheheartofmanyblundersininternationaladvertising.句意為：錯誤是國際廣

告眾多錯誤的根源。第四到六段舉例說明這句話的含義，所以選B。

56、WecanlearnfromthecontextinParagraph9thattheword"camellia"