2024年北師大版必修3英語(yǔ)下冊(cè)階段測(cè)試試卷含答案

…………○…………內(nèi)…………○…………裝…………○…………內(nèi)…………○…………裝…………○…………訂…………○…………線…………○…………※※請(qǐng)※※不※※要※※在※※裝※※訂※※線※※內(nèi)※※答※※題※※…………○…………外…………○…………裝…………○…………訂…………○…………線…………○…………第=page22頁(yè)，總=sectionpages22頁(yè)第=page11頁(yè)，總=sectionpages11頁(yè)2024年北師大版必修3英語(yǔ)下冊(cè)階段測(cè)試試卷含答案考試試卷考試范圍：全部知識(shí)點(diǎn)；考試時(shí)間：120分鐘學(xué)校：______姓名：______班級(jí)：______考號(hào)：______總分欄題號(hào)一二三四五六總分得分評(píng)卷人得分一、選擇題(共7題，共14分)1、___________intheburningbuildingforhalfanhour,thelittleboywasfinallysavedbythelocalpolice.A.HavingtrappedB.TrappedC.BeingtrappedD.Trapping2、Thefootballstarstoodthere，_______agroupoffans.A.surroundingB.surroundedC.surroundedbyD.surroundingby3、Itwasannouncedthatonlyafterthecandidates’paperswerecollected_____toleavetheroom.A.hadtheybeenpermittedB.wouldtheybepermittedC.thattheywouldbepermittedD.thattheyhadbeenpermitted4、Wewereallsurprisedwhenhemadeitclearthathe____officesoon.A.leavesB.wouldleaveC.leftD.hadleft5、________inhiswork,Tomsimplyforgotfoodandsleep.A.AbsorbingB.AbsorbC.AbsorbedD.Toabsorb6、________in1842,HighclereisoneofthemostexpensivehousesinBritain,________morethan150millionpounds.A.Completing;isworthB.Completed;worthC.Havingbeencompleted;isworthyD.Completed;isworth7、________asmayorofDorset,Minnesota,USA,3-year-oldJames,theyoungestmayorinAmericanhistory,tookanactivepartincharitablecauses.A.ElectedB.ElectingC.ToelectD.Tobeelected評(píng)卷人得分二、其他(共7題，共14分)8、Livewithroommates?Havefriendsandfamilyaroundyou?Chancesarethatifyou’relookingtoliveamoresustainablelifestyle,noteveryonearoundyouwillbereadyto____.IexperiencedthiswhenIstartedswitchingtoazerowastelifestylefiveyearsago,asIwaslivingwithmyparents,andIcontinuetoexperiencethiswithmyhusband,asheisnotcompletelyzerowastelikeme.I’velearnedafewthingsalongthewaythough,whichIhopeyou’llfindencouragingifyou’redoingyourbesttofigureouthowyoucanmakethechangeinanot-always-supportivehousehold.Zerowastewasaradicallifestylemovementafewyearsback.IremembershowingmyparentsavideoofBeaJohnson,sharinghowcoolIthoughtitwouldbetobuygrocerieswithjars,andhavesolittletrash!Afewdayslater,Icamebackwithmyfirstjarsofzerowastegroceries,andmydadcommentedonhowsillyitwasformetocarryjarseverywhere.Itcameoffasabitdiscouraging.Yetasthemonthsofreducingwastecontinued,IdidwhatIcouldthatwaswithinmyownreach.Ihadmyownbedroom,soIworkedonremovingthingsIdidn’tneed.SinceIhadmyowntoiletries(洗漱用品),Iwasabletostartpersonalisingmyroutinetobemoresustainable.Ialsoofferedtocookeverysooften,soIportionedoutabitofthecupboardformyownzerowastegroceries.Perhapsyourhouseholdwon’tentirelymaketheswitch,butyoumayhavesomecontroloveryourownpersonalspacestomakethechangesyoudesire.Asyoumakeyourlifestylechanges,youmayfindyourselfwantingtospeakupforyourselfifotherscommentonwhatyou’redoing,whichcanturnitselfintoawholehouseholddebate.Ifyouhaveindividualswhoarenotonboard,yourwordsprobablywon’tdomuchandcanoftenleaveyoufeelingmorediscouraged.Sohereismyadvice:Leadbyaction.

Whatisthetextmainlyabout?。A．Howtogetonwellwithotherfamilymembers.B．Howtohaveone’sownpersonalspaceathome.C．Howtoliveazero-wastelifestyleinahousehold.D．Howtocontrolthebudgetwhenbuyinggroceries.9、KingCanutecouldn’tstoptheocean’stidefromrollingin—canAfricaholdbackthedesert?That’scertainlywhatthecontinentistyingtodowithitsproposed“GreatGreenWall”,800km(almost5,00miles)worthoftreesthatofficialshopewillstoptheadvancementoftheSaharaDesert,whichhasbeenrapidlyexpandingsouthward.Theideawasintroducedinthe1970swhentheonce-richregionturnedbarren(貧瘠的)duetoclimatechangeandintensivelanduse.Butit’snotanewidea;ChinahasitsowndesertvegetationprojecttoholdbacktheGobiDesert!ThankstotheChineseplan,theAfricanprojectaimstoplant100millionhectaresoftreesby2030acrosstheentireAfrica.Theinitiativeisadecadein,andaround15%completed,andtherehavealreadybeenbenefitsformanycommunitiesandwildlife.It’sbringinglifebacktothecontinent’sdegradedlandscapesatanunprecedentedscale,providingnotonlyfoodsecurityandjobsbutareasontostayforthemillionswholivealongitspath.ThecreatorsofthewallhopeitwillbringanurgentlyneededsolutiontothethreatsfacingtheAfricancontinent,creating10millionjobsinruralareas,aswellaspreventing250milliontonsofcarbon.TheinitiativeisAfrica-driven,whichforthoseonthecontinent,isvital,andmayholdthekeytosuccess.“TheGreatGreenWallisaboutownership,andthathasbeenthefailureofdevelopmentaidbecausepeoplewereneveridentifiedwithit,”saidElvisPaulTangam,AfricanUnionCommissionerfortheSaharaandSahelGreatGreenWallInitiative.“Butthistimetheyidentify.Thisistheverythingof____!”Thewallmayseemlikeamoonshot,butallthebestideasusuallyare.AsThomasSankara,formerpresidentofBurkinaFasosaidin1985,“Youcannotcarryoutfundamentalchangewithoutacertaindegreeofmadness.Thecouragetoturnyourbackontheoldformulas,thecouragetoinventthefuture.”

Whatdoes“us”underlinedinParagraph3referto?。A．AfricanUnions.B．Alladvocates.C．Landowners.D．AllAfricans.10、ForoneweekinMay,morethan100,000peopleintheUKcarefullycountedtheirplasticwasteathomeinanationalinvestigationintoplasticuseandrecycling.ItwascalledtheBigPlasticCount,runbyorganizationsGreenpeaceandEverydayPlastic.Sohowdidtheygeton,andwhatdidtheydiscoverabouttheirdependencyonamaterialthathasbecomeapartofoureverydaylives?Jules,41,andherfamilythrewaway124piecesofplasticduringtheirweekofcounting.Thepackaginginpartybagsandstickerpacksforherdaughter’ssixthbirthdaywasthemostupsetting,shesays.Shehadthoughtherhouseholdwasquitelowplasticandsowas“shocked”byhowmuchtheyused.“It’sthehiddenstuffthatisn’trecyclable—likepizzawrappers—thatgetsyou,”Julesexplains.“Everysinglesheetforthestickersinthepartybagscameindividuallywrappedinitsownunrecyclablebag,andthentheywerepackedtogetherinabiggerbag,”shesays.HerchildrenarepassionateaboutprotectingtheenvironmentbutJulessaysshefindsitveryhardasaconsumertomaketherightchoices.“Wecanonlydosomuch.It’sinthemanufacturer’shands.Thewholethingissuchajuggle(雜耍).”Taylor,a25-year-oldscheduler,saysofthe70piecesofplastichecounted,itwasthecucumberpackagingthatupsethimthemost.Hehasfamilywholiveabroadwherehesaysit’seasytobuyfruitsandvegetableswithoutanyplastic.He’dalsoliketoseemorelocalproduceinshopsdirectfromfarmers,whichwouldreducetheneedforexcessivepackagingusedtotransportgoodslongdistances.“Igetprogressivelymoreupsetwiththefactthatsupermarketssellsomuchplastic,”hesays.Evenifhecouldfindplastic-freealternatives,hesaysthecostis____.“Thepriceofeverythingisgoingup,butthingsthatarebetterfortheenvironmentaremuchmoreexpensive,”hesays.

Whatdoestheunderlinedword“exorbitant”inthelastparagraphmean?。A．FlexibleB．Reasonable.C．LowD．Sky-high.11、Theyogurtthat’spastitssell-bydate.Thebananainyourlunchthatturnedbrown.Theleftoversinthefridgethatyouforgottoeat.Formostpeople,allthatfoodgoesrightintothegarbagecan.Eighttotenpercentofglobalgreenhousegasemissions(放)arerelatedtofoodwaste,accordingtoareportbytheU.N.’sIntergovernmentalPanelonClimateChange.“Whenyouthrowawayaneggorasandwich,”saysYvetteCabrera,foodwastevicedirectorattheNaturalResourcesDefenseCouncil(N.R.D.C.),“you’realsothrowingawayalltheresourcesthatwentintoproducingthosethings.”____includesnotonlyallthewater,land,andfertilizer(化肥)thatwentintoproducingthatfood,butalsothemassiveamountsoffossilfuelsusedtopowerthefarms,transportthefood,andcreatethepackaging.Thenthere’stheissueofwhathappenstofoodafterit’sthrownout.MorefoodendsupinU.S.landfillsthananyothertypeoftrash.Foodrottinginlandfillsproducesmethane(甲烷),agreenhousegasthat’sroughly25timesmorepowerfulattrappingheatintheatmospherethancarbondioxide,whichisproducedbyburningfossilfuels.

WhatdoestheauthorintendtodoinParagraph4?。A．Provideapersuasiveexample.B．Addmorebackgroundinformation.C．Discussamoreseriousconsequence.D．Summarizethepreviousparagraphs.12、KingCanutecouldn’tstoptheocean’stidefromrollingin—canAfricaholdbackthedesert?That’scertainlywhatthecontinentistyingtodowithitsproposed“GreatGreenWall”,800km(almost5,00miles)worthoftreesthatofficialshopewillstoptheadvancementoftheSaharaDesert,whichhasbeenrapidlyexpandingsouthward.Theideawasintroducedinthe1970swhentheonce-richregionturnedbarren(貧瘠的)duetoclimatechangeandintensivelanduse.Butit’snotanewidea;ChinahasitsowndesertvegetationprojecttoholdbacktheGobiDesert!ThankstotheChineseplan,theAfricanprojectaimstoplant100millionhectaresoftreesby2030acrosstheentireAfrica.Theinitiativeisadecadein,andaround15%completed,andtherehavealreadybeenbenefitsformanycommunitiesandwildlife.It’sbringinglifebacktothecontinent’sdegradedlandscapesatanunprecedentedscale,providingnotonlyfoodsecurityandjobsbutareasontostayforthemillionswholivealongitspath.ThecreatorsofthewallhopeitwillbringanurgentlyneededsolutiontothethreatsfacingtheAfricancontinent,creating10millionjobsinruralareas,aswellaspreventing250milliontonsofcarbon.TheinitiativeisAfrica-driven,whichforthoseonthecontinent,isvital,andmayholdthekeytosuccess.“TheGreatGreenWallisaboutownership,andthathasbeenthefailureofdevelopmentaidbecausepeoplewereneveridentifiedwithit,”saidElvisPaulTangam,AfricanUnionCommissionerfortheSaharaandSahelGreatGreenWallInitiative.“Butthistimetheyidentify.Thisistheverythingof____!”Thewallmayseemlikeamoonshot,butallthebestideasusuallyare.AsThomasSankara,formerpresidentofBurkinaFasosaidin1985,“Youcannotcarryoutfundamentalchangewithoutacertaindegreeofmadness.Thecouragetoturnyourbackontheoldformulas,thecouragetoinventthefuture.”【小題1】WhatdoesAfrica’s“GreatGreenWall”aimfor?。A．Offeringmorejobsforlocals.B．Stoppingtheexpansionofdesert.C．Creatingaharmonioussociety.D．ImprovingAfricanlandscapes.【小題2】WheredidAfricagettheinspiration?。A．Fromtheirpracticesofplantingtrees.B．Fromtheprocessofstoppingflooding.C．FromChina’ssuccessindesertcontrol.D．FromAfricans’wisdomandhardwork.13、Besides,10%ofrichcountriesgreenhousegasemissionscomefromfoodthatwasgrownandnevereaten.Foodwastenotonlycontributestoclimatechange,butalsofoodinsecurityandextremepoverty.Asstatedabove,inthegreatestfoodwastingcountries,therearelawsthat____producefrombeingdonatedtopeopleinneed.

Whatdoestheunderlinedword“confine”inparagraph3probablymean?。A．Refuse.B．Restrict.C．Contact.D．Protect.評(píng)卷人得分三、漢譯英（整句）(共2題，共4分)14、受到父親的鼓勵(lì)，她下定決心繼續(xù)前行。（bedetermined）（漢譯英）15、與同類(lèi)產(chǎn)品相比，這款產(chǎn)品實(shí)現(xiàn)了體積更小、重量更輕、功能更全、精度更高的目標(biāo)。(achieve)(漢譯英)評(píng)卷人得分四、根據(jù)漢語(yǔ)意思填寫(xiě)單詞(共4題，共32分)16、________(使相信)thattheBeltandRoadInitiativewillbenefitChina’seconomy,weareoptimisticaboutthefutureofourcountry.（根據(jù)漢語(yǔ)提示單詞拼寫(xiě)）17、Whenspringcomes,thetreesincampusare________(完全地)inblossom.（根據(jù)漢語(yǔ)提示單詞拼寫(xiě)）18、Whenspringcomes,thetreesincampusare________(完全地)inblossom.（根據(jù)漢語(yǔ)提示單詞拼寫(xiě)）19、Whenspringcomes,thetreesincampusare________(完全地)inblossom.（根據(jù)漢語(yǔ)提示單詞拼寫(xiě)）評(píng)卷人得分五、句型轉(zhuǎn)換(共4題，共40分)20、Whenwesawthelakefromthetopofthemountain,itlookedamazing.（用適當(dāng)?shù)姆侵^語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞改寫(xiě)句子）

________,thelakelookedamazing.21、Tomisinterestedinscience,soheaskshisDadtotakehimtothesciencemuseumeveryweek.（用適當(dāng)?shù)姆侵^語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞改寫(xiě)句子）

________,TomaskshisDadtotakehimtothesciencemuseumeveryweek.22、Whenitisseenfromthehill,thecitylooksmorebeautiful.(同義句轉(zhuǎn)換)

→__________?_____?_____,thecitylooksmorebeautiful.23、Althoughhehadbeenremindedtwotimes,hestillforgothishomework.(同義句轉(zhuǎn)換)

→__________?_____,hestillforgothishomework.評(píng)卷人得分六、根據(jù)句意填寫(xiě)單詞(共1題，共6分)24、_________onhowactorsmove,Kunoperasdonotnormallyhavecomplicatedstagesets.(根據(jù)句意填空)參考答案一、選擇題(共7題，共14分)1、B【分析】考查過(guò)去分詞作狀語(yǔ)。表示＂陷于困境＂是betrappedin，題中的thelittleboy與trap之間是邏輯上的動(dòng)賓關(guān)系，所以應(yīng)該用過(guò)去分詞作狀語(yǔ)，選B。2、C【分析】試題分析：考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。球星被粉絲圍繞應(yīng)該選擇surroundby；應(yīng)為是被圍繞，應(yīng)該用過(guò)去時(shí)表示被動(dòng)。故選C。

考點(diǎn)：考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。

【名師點(diǎn)睛】

非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞：在句子不作謂語(yǔ)使用的動(dòng)詞；其形式有不定式；現(xiàn)在分詞、動(dòng)名詞和過(guò)去分詞四種（通常我們把現(xiàn)在分詞和動(dòng)名詞統(tǒng)稱(chēng)為-ing分詞）。非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)：非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞仍保留動(dòng)詞的性質(zhì)，可以有自己的賓語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)或狀語(yǔ)，我們將非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞和其賓語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)或狀語(yǔ)一起稱(chēng)作非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)。非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的判定方法：考慮句中謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞以及其它詞語(yǔ)同非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的關(guān)系和對(duì)非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞形式的限制，以便選用正確的非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞形式。

非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞判定的基本步驟：

①是否應(yīng)用-ing分詞。

②是否應(yīng)用不帶to的不定式。

③-ing分詞還是不定式。

④-ing分詞還是過(guò)去分詞。

⑤不定式的用法。3、B【分析】【詳解】

考查倒裝和時(shí)態(tài)。句意：宣布說(shuō)只有在競(jìng)選者的論文都收集完畢，他們才被允許離開(kāi)。從句Onlyafter后用倒裝，排除CD，又表將來(lái)時(shí)態(tài)，故選B。4、B【分析】【詳解】

考查時(shí)態(tài)。句意：當(dāng)他表示他很快就會(huì)離職時(shí)候我們都很驚訝。根據(jù)“made”和“soon”可知，此處表示過(guò)去將要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作，應(yīng)該用過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí)，故B項(xiàng)正確。5、C【分析】【詳解】

考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。句意：完全沉浸在他的工作中，湯姆竟然忘了吃飯睡覺(jué)。A.Absorbing現(xiàn)在分詞表示主動(dòng)；正在；B.Absorb動(dòng)詞原形；C.Absorbed過(guò)去分詞表示被動(dòng)；完成；狀態(tài)；D.Toabsorb表示將來(lái)；目的。beabsorbedin為固定短語(yǔ)，意為“沉浸在”，分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，此處為非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞作狀語(yǔ)，把be省略。故選C。6、B【分析】【詳解】

考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞和形容詞。句意：完成于1842年，?？死麪柺怯?guó)最昂貴的房子之一，價(jià)格超過(guò)1.5億美元。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)，is是謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞，空格1在句中作狀語(yǔ)，主語(yǔ)Highclere和complete之間是動(dòng)賓關(guān)系，應(yīng)用過(guò)去分詞形式，空格1填completed；空格2在句中作狀語(yǔ)，填形容詞worth。故選B項(xiàng)。7、A【分析】【詳解】

考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。句意：3歲的詹姆斯當(dāng)選美國(guó)明尼蘇達(dá)州多塞特市長(zhǎng)，是美國(guó)歷史上最年輕的市長(zhǎng)，他積極參與慈善事業(yè)。分析句子可知，句中已有謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞took，所以空處用非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。句子主語(yǔ)3-year-oldJames與動(dòng)詞elect為動(dòng)賓關(guān)系，所以空處用過(guò)去分詞，表被動(dòng)、完成。故選A。二、其他(共7題，共14分)8、略

【分析】【詳解】

主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段中的“Chancesarethatifyou’relookingtoliveamoresustainablelifestyle,noteveryonearoundyouwillbereadyto____.(如果你想過(guò)一種更可持續(xù)的生活方式，可能不是你周?chē)拿總€(gè)人都準(zhǔn)備好加入這一運(yùn)動(dòng))”及第二段中的“I’velearnedafewthingsalongthewaythough,whichIhopeyou’llfindencouragingifyou’redoingyourbesttofigureouthowyoucanmakethechangeinanot-always-supportivehousehold.(在這個(gè)過(guò)程中，我學(xué)到了一些東西，我希望如果你在一個(gè)不總是支持你的家庭中盡最大努力去弄清楚如何做出改變，你會(huì)感到鼓舞)”可知，文章主要講述了作者如何在家庭中過(guò)零浪費(fèi)的生活方式。故選C?！窘馕觥緾9、略

【分析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】

本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要講的是非洲大陸試圖多種樹(shù)；創(chuàng)造“綠色長(zhǎng)城”以阻止撒哈拉沙漠的擴(kuò)張。

【詳解】

詞句猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)第三段“TheinitiativeisAfrica-driven,whichforthoseonthecontinent,isvital,andmayholdthekeytosuccess.(這一倡議是非洲驅(qū)動(dòng)的，對(duì)非洲大陸的人來(lái)說(shuō)至關(guān)重要，可能是成功的關(guān)鍵。)”以及““TheGreatGreenWallisaboutownership,andthathasbeenthefailureofdevelopmentaidbecausepeoplewereneveridentifiedwithit,”saidElvisPaulTangam,AfricanUnionCommissionerfortheSaharaandSahelGreatGreenWallInitiative.“Butthistimetheyidentify.Thisistheverythingof____!”(“綠色長(zhǎng)城是關(guān)于所有權(quán)的問(wèn)題，而這正是發(fā)展援助的失敗之處，因?yàn)槿藗儚奈凑J(rèn)同它，”非洲聯(lián)盟撒哈拉和薩赫勒綠色長(zhǎng)城倡議專(zhuān)員埃爾維斯·保羅·坦加姆說(shuō)。“但這一次他們認(rèn)同了。這就是我們的本性!)”可知，此處的us指“所有的非洲人”。故選D項(xiàng)?！窘馕觥緿10、略

【分析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】

本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章介紹了人們?cè)谌粘Ｉ钪袝?huì)不自覺(jué)地產(chǎn)生很多塑料垃圾,以及他們對(duì)此的看法。

【詳解】

詞句猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)最后一段中“Thepriceofeverythingisgoingup,butthingsthatarebetterfortheenvironmentaremuchmoreexpensive(所有東西的價(jià)格都在上漲，但是對(duì)環(huán)境更好的東西要貴得多)”和劃線詞所在句“Evenifhecouldfindplastic-freealternatives,hesaysthecostis____.”(他說(shuō)，即使他能找到不使用塑料的替代品，成本也是exorbitant。)”可知，此處指找到不使用塑料的替代品的成本更貴，劃線詞的含義與expensive同義，選項(xiàng)D.“Sky-high”意為“非常高”，符合題意，故選D項(xiàng)?！窘馕觥緿11、略

【分析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】

這是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要講的是我們將過(guò)期的食物丟進(jìn)垃圾箱這一行為給環(huán)境帶來(lái)的危害。

【詳解】

推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段首句“Thenthere’stheissueofwhathappenstofoodafterit’sthrownout.(然后就是關(guān)于這些食物被扔掉后會(huì)發(fā)生什么事情的問(wèn)題了。)”以及“MorefoodendsupinU.S.landfillsthananyothertypeoftrash.Foodrottinginlandfillsproducesmethane(甲烷),agreenhousegasthat’sroughly25timesmorepowerfulattrappingheatintheatmospherethancarbondioxide,whichisproducedbyburningfossilfuels.(進(jìn)入美國(guó)垃圾填埋場(chǎng)的食物比其他任何類(lèi)型的垃圾都多。在垃圾填埋場(chǎng)腐爛的食物會(huì)產(chǎn)生甲烷，這是一種溫室氣體，在大氣中吸收熱量的能力大約是燃燒化石燃料產(chǎn)生的二氧化碳的25倍。)”可知作者想要告訴我們食物被扔進(jìn)垃圾箱后所產(chǎn)生的嚴(yán)重后果。故選C項(xiàng)。【解析】C12、略

【分析】【詳解】

1.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“That’scertainlywhatthecontinentistyingtodowithitsproposed“GreatGreenWall”,800km(almost5,00miles)worthoftreesthatofficialshopewillstoptheadvancementoftheSaharaDesert,whichhasbeenrapidlyexpandingsouthward.(這當(dāng)然就是非洲大陸要修建“綠色長(zhǎng)城”的原因；官員們希望修建價(jià)值800公里(近500英里)的樹(shù)木，以阻止撒哈拉沙漠向南迅速擴(kuò)張)”可知，非洲綠色長(zhǎng)城的目的是阻止撒哈拉沙漠的擴(kuò)張。故選B項(xiàng)。

2.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“Butit’snotanewidea;ChinahasitsowndesertvegetationprojecttoholdbacktheGobiDesert!ThankstotheChineseplan,theAfricanprojectaimstoplant100millionhectaresoftreesby2030acrosstheentireAfrica.(但這并不是一個(gè)新想法;中國(guó)有自己的沙漠植被工程來(lái)遏制戈壁沙漠!由于中國(guó)的計(jì)劃，非洲項(xiàng)目的目標(biāo)是到2030年在整個(gè)非洲種植1億公頃的樹(shù)木)”可知，非洲項(xiàng)目的靈感來(lái)自于中國(guó)在利用植樹(shù)造林方面控制沙漠的成功。故選C項(xiàng)?！窘馕觥俊拘☆}1】B

【小題2】C13、略

【分析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】

這是一篇說(shuō)明文。發(fā)達(dá)國(guó)家10%的溫室氣體排放來(lái)自那些種植但從未食用的食物。糧食浪費(fèi)不僅會(huì)導(dǎo)致氣候變化；還會(huì)造成糧食不安全和極端貧困。如上所述，在糧食浪費(fèi)最嚴(yán)重的國(guó)家，有法律限制農(nóng)產(chǎn)品捐贈(zèng)給有需要的人。

【詳解】

詞句猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)第二段中“Andthefoodthatdoesn’tmeetthesestandardsisthrownaway.Thereareincrediblystrictlawsaboutfooddonationthatactuallymakesitillegaltodonatefoodthatdoesn’tmeetstandardsthataresimilartothoseofthegrocerystoreaswellaslawsthatrestrictthisfoodfrombeingusedasanimalfeed.(不符合這些標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的食物就會(huì)被扔掉。關(guān)于食品捐贈(zèng)有非常嚴(yán)格的法律規(guī)定，捐贈(zèng)不符合食品雜貨店標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的食品是違法的，法律還限制這些食品被用作動(dòng)物飼料)”以及畫(huà)線詞上文“inthegreatestfoodwastingcountries”和后文“producefrombeingdonatedtopeopleinneed”可知，在糧食浪費(fèi)最嚴(yán)重的國(guó)家，法律限制將農(nóng)產(chǎn)品捐贈(zèng)給有需要的人。故畫(huà)線詞意思是“限制”。A.Refuse.拒絕；B.Restrict.限制；C.Contact.聯(lián)系；D.Protect.保護(hù)。故選B?！窘馕觥緽三、漢譯英（整句）(共2題，共4分)14、略

【分析】【詳解】

考查動(dòng)詞和短語(yǔ)。表示“受到某人的鼓勵(lì)”應(yīng)用過(guò)去分詞短語(yǔ)encouragedbysb.，在句中作狀語(yǔ)；表示“下定決心做某事”短語(yǔ)為bedeterminedtodo，be動(dòng)詞用was或is都可以；表示“繼續(xù)前行”短語(yǔ)為moveon或goon/forward。故翻譯為Encouragedbyherfather,shewas(is)determinedtomoveon(goon/forward).【解析】Encouragedbyherfather,shewas(is)deter