2024-2025學年人教新版高三（上）英語寒假作業(yè)（十）

第1頁（共1頁）2024-2025學年人教新版高三（上）英語寒假作業(yè)（十）一．完形填空（共1小題）1．（2024春?武威期末）AsIwasayoungboymyfamilywasverypoor.Iwouldoftenhelpdosomethingfortheneighboursto（1）alittlepocketmoney.OnedayI（2）onthedoorofanelderlywomanandaskedifsheneededmetocleantheyard.SheaskedwhyIwasnotin（3）andIshowedhermyworn（4），whichnolongerkeptmewarm.Sheallowedmetoworkintheyard.WhenIfinished，shelookedatmeandsaid，"Isupposeyouwanttobe（5）now."Shethentookoutajarfilledwithdollarbillsandsaid，"I'mgladyou'vedonea（6）jobtodaybutthatisnotsomethingyoushouldbedoingagain.Iwantyouto（7）newclothesandgetbacktoschool.IalsowantyoutocomebacktovisitmewithyourreportcardandIwill（8）youwhenIseeyouhaveworkedhardandhavesomegood（9）.Nowreachoutyourlittlehandsandtakeoutasmuchmoneyasyoucan."Iputmyhandsinthejarand（10）somuchmoneythatitwas（11）formetobuywhatIbadlyneeded.Later，Ireturnedseveraltimestoseethewomanandshedidjustasshe（12）.ShelookedatmyreportcardandgavemeahandfulofdollarsandsomedeliciousfoodeverytimeI（13）herthatIhadan"A".IwastwelveyearsoldwhenImovedfromthatneighbourhood.Iwillneverforgetthehuge（14）thiswonderfulladymadeovermylifewithher（15）.ThisissomethingIhopetodomyselfinthislifetimeoverandoveragain.（1）A．saveB．giveC．earnD．change（2）A．turnedB．knockedC．workedD．looked（3）A．schoolB．timeC．troubleD．bed（4）A．coatB．carpetC．bagD．sofa（5）A．punishedB．testedC．praisedD．paid（6）A．boringB．newC．fineD．terrible（7）A．keepB．buyC．removeD．make（8）A．recognizeB．protectC．understandD．reward（9）A．goalsB．storiesC．marksD．ideas（10）A．grabbedB．lostC．borrowedD．charged（11）A．rareB．enoughC．simpleD．special（12）A．promisedB．discoveredC．knewD．admitted（13）A．askedB．requiredC．showedD．wrote（14）A．decisionB．progressC．mistakeD．difference（15）A．courageB．kindnessC．honestyD．happiness二．閱讀理解（共3小題）2．Environmentalpollutionkills1.7millionchildrenundertheageoffiveeveryyearworldwide.ThisisaccordingtotheWorldHealthOrganization（WHO）.TheWHOwarnsthatchilddeathswillincreasegreatlyifpollutioncontinuestoworsen.DrMargaretChan，theWHODirector﹣General，saidinapressreleasestatement，"Apollutedenvironmentisadeadlyone﹣particularlyforyoungchildren，whosedevelopingorgansandimmunesystems，andsmallerbodiesandairways，makethemeasilygethurtbydirtyairandwater."TheWHOalsosaysreducingenvironmentalriskscanpreventdeathslikepneumonia（肺炎）amongchildrenagedonemonthtofiveyears.Thismeansprovidingaccesstosafewaterandsanitation（衛(wèi)生設備），limitingexposuretodangerouschemicals，andimprovingwastemanagement.However，ofalltheenvironmentalpollutants，airpollutionisbeingcalledthemostdangerous.TheWHOestimatesthatairpollutionisresponsibleforabout6.5millionearlydeathseveryyear.Thatnumberincludesnearly600，000deathsofchildrenunderagefive.WHOenvironmentandhealthchiefMariaNeirasaysoneofthemostimportantwaystoreduceairpollutionistoproducecleanerfuelsforcookingandheating."Almosthalfoftheworldpopulationisusingdirtyfuelsforcooking，heating，andlightingathome.And，thisisaffectingverymuchmotherswhoarestayingandcookingathome，butthechildrenwhoarearoundmothers—theyareexposedaswell."Shesaysearlyexposuretoharmfulpollutantscanleadtoincreasedriskofasthma（哮喘），heartdisease，strokeandcancerlaterinlife.Cleaninguphowtheworldcooks，heatsandlightshomesandotherbuildingsisabig﹣picturegoal.TheWHOisadvisinggovernmentdepartmentsandindustriessuchasconstructionandthehealthsectortoworktogethertocleanuptheirenvironment，ensuringthatchildrengrowupinacleanenvironment.（1）Whydochildrensuffermostfromenviron﹣mentalpollution？A．Theyareeasilyexposedtodangerouschemicals.B．Theyhavenoaccesstosafewaterandsanitation.C．Theirbodiesarenotmatureenoughtofightpollution.D．Theworseningenvironmentalpollutioncontinuestoharmthem.（2）WhatMariaNeirasaysindicatesthat.A．mothersmustfocusontheirchildren'shealthB．cookingandheatingareresponsibleforpollutionC．childrenshouldbeprotectedfromindirectpollutantsD．halfofthepeopleintheworldarestillusingdirtyfuels（3）What'stheauthor'spurposeinwritingthetext？A．Appealforbetteringtheenvironmentforchildren.B．Drawpeople'sattentiontoenvironmentalpollution.C．Highlighttheharmpollutiondoestoyoungchildren.D．Arousetheawarenessofyoungchildren'shealthissues.3．It'snoteasyfeelinglikeyou'realwaysunderthespotlightbeingjudgedforeachlittlemistakeyoumake.Yourmindisinanendlesscircleplayingwhatyousaidanddidoverandoveragain.Youwishyouhadatimecapsuletogobackandmakethingsrightifyoufindmistakes.Youfearwhatotherswillthinkaboutyouandthattheywillrejectanddislikeyou.Youseektobesociallyperfect.Academically，youworklongendlesshoursjusttomakethoseexcellentmarks.Althoughmostwouldsay"it'sgoodtohavehighstandards"，theyhavenoideaabouttheinternalhellyouputyourselfthroughtoachieveperfection.Ifyoucomeuplessthanyourdesiredgoalyoufeelasthoughyouhavefailed，butyou'refarfromfailing，youjustdon'tseeitthatway.Soinsteadyouaretellingyourselfthatyou'restupid，andnotsmart.Thepressureyouplaceonyourselfweighsyoudownandyouwearthe"notgoodenough"labeleachandeveryday.Younotonlyhavehighstandardsforyourselfbutyoualsohavethemforothers.Ifpeopledon'tperformuptoyourexpectations，thenyouthinktheyareincompetent.Thiscausesalotoffrustrationbecauseyoucan'ttrustanyonetogetthingsright.Soinsteadofbeingateamplayeryouflysolo（單飛）andtrytodotwoorthreejobsatonce.Yourunrealisticexpectationscauseyoutocriticizeandjudgeothersandthatleadstoproblemsinotherareasofyourlife.Theattempttobeperfectiscalledperfectionismandit'stheunachievableAmericandreamthat'sdamagingouremotionalandmentalhealth.Westriveforperfectionwithourbody，inourperformance，andinourrelationships.Inasocietythatoverstatesmistakes，isitanywonderthatsomanyyoungpeopleattempttheimpossibletaskofbeingperfect？Weallhaveflaws，fears，andmakemistakes，andthat'sperfectlyOK.It'sourimperfectionsthatmakelifeinterestingandtheyhelpusgrowintoastrongerandmoreadaptableperson.Wedon'thavetostrivetoachievetheimpossible.Wearedesignedtobeperfectlyimperfect.（1）Whatmightbethemostsuitabletitleofthetext？A．FarFromFailingB．PerfectlyImperfectC．PerfectionismPhenomenonD．UnachievableAmericanDream（2）Whichofthefollowingisaperfectionistmostlikelytoagree？A．Nobodyisperfect.B．Begenerouswithpraise.C．Thereisnobest，onlybetter.D．Acontentedmindisaneverlastingfeast.（3）WhatcanweinferfromtheunderlinedsentenceinParagraph4？A．Moreandmorepeoplearetoleratingmistakes.B．Thesocietyispartlytoblameforperfectionism.C．Manyyoungpeoplefinditimpossibletobeperfect.D．It'sunusualforasocietytoseekperfectionismnowadays.（4）Whatdoestheauthorthinkofimperfection？A．It'spartofourlife.B．It'sunbearable.C．Itdeservestobeovercome.D．Itdoesharmtoourmentalhealth.4．Todaydifferentonlineexerciseprogramsarechallengingtheconceptoftraditionalfitnessmodels.Gymsandhealthclubsarenolongerlimitedto"thefourwalls".Digitalextensionsoftraditionalfitnessareappearing，andtoreachasmanypeopleaspossible，thefitnessindustryisexpandingitsboundariesthroughvirtual（虛擬的）fitnessandacceptingthelatestscientificfindingsandtechnologicaladvancementsinhealthtechnology.Exergames（運動游戲）areacombinationofphysicalexerciseanddigitalgames.Nowfunandfitnessarecombinedinvariousdigitalgamingproducts，productslikeWiiFitPlus，F(xiàn)itnessEvolved，andKinectSports.What'smore，healthtechnologyisoftenbuiltusingprinciplesofneuroscience，asciencefocusedonstudyingthebrain.FitnessEvolved，forexample，focusesonstressandhowyoureacttodifferentstressors.Thisprogramhelpsyoufeellessthreatened（受到威脅的）bytargetingyourspecificstressorsandthenadjustsbasedonyourinteractionwiththeapp.Nowtherearealotofsmartexergames，oneofwhichisBurnAlong.Thisonlinevideoplatformcombinestheadvantagesofhavingahumaninstructorwiththeperksofpracticinginthecomfortofyourownhomer.Theplatformletsusersconnectwithwhoevermakesthemfeelmostmotivated﹣beittheirfavoritegyminstructors，orfriendswhomightbelivingontheoppositesideofthecountry.Awidevarietyofprogramsareofferedthroughtheplatform，aswellasdifferenteffortlevels，soeveryonecanfindsomethingthatsuitstheirleveloffitness.AnotherexampleisZwift，anonlinemultiplayervideogamebasedonindoorcycling.Itallowsyoutojoinanonlinecyclinggroupthatincludesmembersfromover150countries.BitGymisalsoasmartvirtualfitnessapp.Asyoutrain，you'regivenbeautifulvirtualscenerytolookat，completewithnaturalsoundsandlocation﹣specificfacts.Forthisapp，allyouneedtodoisplaceyoursmartphoneortabletonyoursportsmachine.（1）WhatisthepurposeofmentioningFitnessEvolvedinParagraph2？A．Toshowhowhealthtechnologyisbuilt.B．Toexplainwhatexergamesactuallyare.C．Toprovethepopularityofdigitalproducts.D．Togiveaskillofmanagingstressinsports.（2）Whatdoestheunderlinedword"perks"inParagraph3probablymean？A．Ways.B．Benefits.C．Chances.D．Problems.（3）Inwhichexergameareyouexposedtovirtualnaturalbeauty？A．KinectSports.B．BurnAloog.C．Zwift.D．BitGym.（4）Whatdoestheauthorthinkofdigitalgamingproducts？A．Theyarethebestinimprovinghealth.B．Theycastusersagreatdealofmoney.C．Theybringcertainconveniencetousers.D．Theysuitpeopleofvariousagegroups.三．信息匹配（共1小題）5．（2024春?泉港區(qū)期中）Howcanteenagerskeepthemselvesfromsufferingfromloneliness？Herearesomesuggestionsforspeedingarecoveryfromloneliness.（1）Asmileandafriendlygreetingforthestudentbehindyouinlineatthecafeteria（餐廳）won'tmakeyoubestfriends.Butitwillmakeyoubothfeelgood.Italsocanmakeiteasiertointeractthenexttime，andthetimeafterthat.Findasafeplacetomakeconnections.Ifgoingtothedancingpartymakesyoufeellikeyoujustdon'tbelong，tryjoiningaspecial﹣interestgroup.（2）Justbecauseyoufeelleftoutinonegroupdoesn'tmeanyou'llfeellikeanoutsiderineveryotherone.Lookforagroupthatallowsyoutofeelcomfortablegradually.Findotherwaysofmakingconnections.Lonelypeoplehungerforfriendship.Sometimesfeelingacceptedandlikedcomesmoreeasilywhenyoudosomethingforothersratherthanwaitingforthemtomakeyoufeelbetter.（3）Helpachildinreading.Takenotesforadisabledclassmate.Youmightbesurprisedattheconnectionsyoumake.（4）Lonelinessisanabsenceofqualityfriendship，notofaparticularquantityoffriends.That'swhyit'simportanttoknowhowtoselectafriend.Yougetwhatyouexpect，soexpectthebest.Ifyouexpectotherstobefriendly，youwillbehaveinproperwaysthatencouragepeopletobefriendliertoyou.（5）Butstartingthefirststepofpositiveexpectationscanmakeallthedifference.A.Choosetherightpeople.B.Lonelinesswon'tlastlong.C.Soconsiderbecomingavolunteer.D.Reachouttoothersbutstartsmall.E.Itcanbehardworktobepositivetowardothers.F.Maybeit'sthedramacluborthemarchingband.G.Thisharmfulattitudecancontinueintoadulthood.四．語法填空（共1小題）6．（2022?定遠縣校級模擬）Beesaremajorpollinators（傳粉者）offruits，vegetablesandnuts.Withoutthesehelpfulbuzzinginsects，ourfoodsupplywouldbe（1）trouble.Butbeescanhelphumansinanotherway.（2）（research）saytheactofbeekeepingmayhelppeoplewithmentalhealthproblemssuchasstress，anxietyanddepression.Manycall（3）"beekeepingtherapy."Onegroupofpeopleisespeciallygettinghelpfromsuchtherapy：militaryveterans（老兵）.Manysoldiersreturningfrommilitaryservicehavetrouble（4）（deal）withtheexperiencesofwar.Theymayalsofinditdifficulttocreatea（5）（produce）lifeafterthemilitaryservice.Homelessness，depressionanddrugabusecanaffectsomemilitaryveterans.VinceYlitaloisonesuchveteran.Heservedinthemilitaryfornearly40years，twotoursinIraq（6）（include）.HesuffersfromPost﹣TraumaticStressDisorder，orPTSD．TotreathisPTSD，YlitaloispartofabeekeepingprogramattheManchesterVeteranAffairs（VA）MedicalCenterinthestateofNewHampshire.TheVA（7）（set）upseveralsuchprogramsintheUnitedStates.Inarecentreport，Ylitaloexplained（8）beekeepingcalmshismind."I'minthisprogram（9）（help）megetoutofthethoughtprocessofallthoseproblemsthatIhave.Ithelpsmethinkaboutsomething（10）（complete）different.I'mjustthinkingaboutthebees."五．單詞拼寫（共5小題）7．Sheburstintotears，rherpainfulemotions.8．Janewasquicktosthemeaningofwhattheteachersaidatthemeeting.9．Creaturesandplantsthatonlyabletotanarrowrangeoftemperatureswillhavedifficultywithsurvival.10．Ifyouwanttoapplyforthejob，youmustsyourapplicationbeforeJanuary1st.11．Aswecansee，thewholeriverb（流域）iscoveredwithtropicalforest.六．書面表達（共2小題）12．（2021秋?榮昌區(qū)校級期末）假定你是李華，你的筆友王強最近沉迷于電腦游戲，這給他帶來很多危害。請你給他寫一封書信，勸說他戒掉這個不良習慣，并提出建議。內容包括：1.浪費了學習的時間；2.對身心健康造成危害；3.你的建議。注意：1.詞數(shù)80左右；2.可以適當增加細節(jié)，以使行文連貫。13．（2022?南京模擬）閱讀下面短文，根據(jù)其內容寫一篇60詞左右的內容概要。Doyoudoflexibilitytrainingaspartofyourdailyworkout？Doyoudoanystretchingexercisesonaregularbasis？Ifyouaretryingtoloseweight，youshould.Flexibilityexercisesarenotbigcalorieburners，butplayanimportantroleinaweightlossprogram.Thebestthingaboutflexibilitytrainingisthatyoudon'thavetodoitveryoftentoenjoythebenefits.Justafewminutesofstretchingeachdaywillhelptoimprovetherangeofmotioninyourjoints，decreasetheriskofinjuryduringexerciseandreducestress.Sowhatflexibilityexercisesshouldyoudo？Youcandosimplestretcheswhenyougetoutofbedeachmorning.Thiswillhelptoloosenupyourjointsandstartyourdaywithhealthymovement.Therearealsosomegreatstretchesthatyoucandoatyourdeskwhileyouareatwork.Youcanalsotakeayogaclasstoloseweightorlearnthepracticeoft'aichitoimproveyourhealth.Eventhoughyouwon'tburnmanycaloriesduringashortstretchingsession，yourbodyfunctionsbetterwhenyourjointsmovemorecomfortably.Thiscanboostyourweightlossprograminseveraldifferentways.Flexibilityexerciseshelptogetyourbloodpumping，butnotinawaythatincreasesyouradrenalin（腎上腺素）.Stretchingandbreathingexerciseshelptoimproveyourmoodandloweryourstresslevel.Thismaybeespeciallyhelpfulfordieterswhoaretryingtocurbemotionaleating.Ifyoucanreplacethetriptotherefrigeratorwith5minutesofhealthystretching，you'relikelytoeatlessandslimdownfaster.Aerobic（有氧的）activityandstrengthtrainingforweightlossaremoreeffectivewhenyouperformeachexercisefully.Stretchinghelpskeepyourbodyintopshapesothatyouburnmorecaloriesduringyourworkoutsandyouspendlesstimerecoveringfrominjuresorsoreness.Flexibilitytrainingalonewon'tburnenoughcaloriestomakeabigdifferenceinyourdailyenergybalance.Butwhenyoupairstretchingexerciseswithacompleteworkoutprogram，you'llbenefitfromahealthierbodyandimproveyourchancesofweightloss.

2024-2025學年人教新版高三（上）英語寒假作業(yè)（十）參考答案與試題解析一．完形填空（共1小題）1．（2024春?武威期末）AsIwasayoungboymyfamilywasverypoor.Iwouldoftenhelpdosomethingfortheneighboursto（1）Calittlepocketmoney.OnedayI（2）Bonthedoorofanelderlywomanandaskedifsheneededmetocleantheyard.SheaskedwhyIwasnotin（3）AandIshowedhermyworn（4）A，whichnolongerkeptmewarm.Sheallowedmetoworkintheyard.WhenIfinished，shelookedatmeandsaid，"Isupposeyouwanttobe（5）Dnow."Shethentookoutajarfilledwithdollarbillsandsaid，"I'mgladyou'vedonea（6）Cjobtodaybutthatisnotsomethingyoushouldbedoingagain.Iwantyouto（7）Bnewclothesandgetbacktoschool.IalsowantyoutocomebacktovisitmewithyourreportcardandIwill（8）DyouwhenIseeyouhaveworkedhardandhavesomegood（9）C.Nowreachoutyourlittlehandsandtakeoutasmuchmoneyasyoucan."Iputmyhandsinthejarand（10）Asomuchmoneythatitwas（11）BformetobuywhatIbadlyneeded.Later，Ireturnedseveraltimestoseethewomanandshedidjustasshe（12）A.ShelookedatmyreportcardandgavemeahandfulofdollarsandsomedeliciousfoodeverytimeI（13）CherthatIhadan"A".IwastwelveyearsoldwhenImovedfromthatneighbourhood.Iwillneverforgetthehuge（14）Dthiswonderfulladymadeovermylifewithher（15）B.ThisissomethingIhopetodomyselfinthislifetimeoverandoveragain.（1）A．saveB．giveC．earnD．change（2）A．turnedB．knockedC．workedD．looked（3）A．schoolB．timeC．troubleD．bed（4）A．coatB．carpetC．bagD．sofa（5）A．punishedB．testedC．praisedD．paid（6）A．boringB．newC．fineD．terrible（7）A．keepB．buyC．removeD．make（8）A．recognizeB．protectC．understandD．reward（9）A．goalsB．storiesC．marksD．ideas（10）A．grabbedB．lostC．borrowedD．charged（11）A．rareB．enoughC．simpleD．special（12）A．promisedB．discoveredC．knewD．admitted（13）A．askedB．requiredC．showedD．wrote（14）A．decisionB．progressC．mistakeD．difference（15）A．courageB．kindnessC．honestyD．happiness【答案】（1）﹣（5）CBAAD（6）﹣（10）CBDCA（11）﹣（15）BACDB【分析】本文是一篇記敘文。作者到了上學的年紀卻因為家境貧寒不得不給鄰居做活賺零花錢，在一次幫鄰居老婦人做活時，她了解了作者的狀況，用善舉幫助作者走進了校園，改變了作者的一生。【解答】（1）C．考查動詞及語境理解。A.save節(jié)??；B.give給；C.earn掙；D.change改變。根據(jù)前文"Iwouldoftenhelpdosomethingfortheneighbors"可知，作者幫鄰居做些活是為了掙點零花錢。故選C。（2）B．考查動詞及語境理解。A.turned改變；B.knocked敲門；C.worked工作；D.looked看。根據(jù)后文"onthedoorofanelderlywomanandaskedifsheneededmetocleantheyard."可知一天，作者敲開一個老者的門，問是否需要打掃院子，knockonthedoor敲門。故選B。（3）A．考查名詞及語境理解。A.school學校；B.time時間；C.trouble問題；D.bed床。句意：她問我為什么不在學校，我給她看我的舊外套，它已經不能保暖了。根據(jù)常識可知，老婦人看到一個小男孩很奇怪，問小男孩為何不上學去。故選A。（4）A．考查名詞及語境理解。A.coat上衣；B.carpet地毯；C.bag書包；D.sofa沙發(fā)。根據(jù)后文"whichnolongerkeptmewarm"可知，作者給老太太看他的破爛的外套。故選A。（5）D．考查動詞及語境理解。A.punished懲罰；B.tested測試；C.praised表揚；D.paid付錢。根據(jù)后文"Shethen_____ajarfilledwithdollarbills"可知，作者完工了要給作者付錢了。故選D。（6）C．考查形容詞及語境理解。A.boring無聊的；B.new新的；C.fine好的；D.terrible可怕的。根據(jù)后文"butthatisnotsomethingyoushouldbedoingagain."可知，小男孩活計做得不錯，但是不是他這個年齡的孩子應該做的事情。故選C。（7）B．考查動詞及語境理解。A.keep保持；B.buy購買；C.remove去除；D.make做。根據(jù)上文"Ishowedhermyworncoat"可知，老婦人要他去購買新衣服然后上學去。故選B。（8）D．考查動詞及語境理解。A.recognize識別；B.protect保護；C.understand理解；D.reward獎勵。根據(jù)后文"gavemeahandfulofdollarsandsomedeliciousfoodeverytime"可知，老婦人希望男孩能夠取得好成績，再過來拜訪她，她會獎勵男孩。故選D。（9）C．考查名詞及語境理解。A.goals目標；B.stories故事；C.marks分數(shù)；D.ideas想法。句意：我也希望你帶著你的成績單回來看我，當我看到你努力學習并取得一些好成績時，我會獎勵你的。根據(jù)前文句中"workedhard"可知，如果男孩學習認真，得到一些好的分數(shù)，就獎勵他。故選C。（10）A．考查動詞及語境理解。A.grabbed抓??；B.lost失去；C.borrowed借；D.charged充電，收費。根據(jù)上段文字"Nowreachoutyourlittlehandsandtakeoutasmuchmoneyasyoucan."."可知，作者把手伸進罐子里抓錢。故選A。（11）B．考查形容詞及語境理解。A.rare稀少的；B.enough足夠的；C.simple簡單的；D.special特別的。根據(jù)后文"formetobuywhatIbadlyneeded."可知，男孩肯定拿足夠多的錢去購買他十分需要的東西。故選B。（12）A．考查動詞及語境理解。A.promised承諾；B.discovered發(fā)現(xiàn)；C.knew知道；D.admitted承認。根據(jù)前文的Iwill________youwhenIseeyouhaveworkedhardandhavesomegood________可知，之后"我"幾次回去看望老婦人，她像之前承諾的那樣獎勵了"我"。promise意為"承諾"符合語境。故選A。（13）C．考查動詞及語境理解。A.asked請求；B.required要求；C.showed展示；D.wrote寫。作者每次給老婦人看他的好成績時，她都會給作者以獎勵。此處與上文的"whenIseeyouhaveworkedhardandhavesomegoodmarks"相呼應。故選C。（14）D．考查名詞及語境理解。A.decision決定；B.progress進步；C.mistake錯誤；D.difference區(qū)別，差別，意義。Makeadifference有影響，起作用；makeadifference有區(qū)別，有影響，起作用。根據(jù)后文"ThisissomethingIhopetodomyselfinthislifetimeoverandoveragain."可知，老婦人給作者的生活帶來的巨大變化，作者終生受到了很大的影響。故選D。（15）B．考查名詞及語境理解。A.courage勇氣；B.kindness善良；C.honesty誠實；D.happiness幸福。句意：我永遠不會忘記這位善良的女士給我的生活帶來的巨大變化。通讀全文可知，那位老婦人用她的善良給"我"的生活帶來了巨大改變。故選B?！军c評】做完形填空首先要通讀全文，了解大意。一篇完形填空的文章有許多空格，所以，必須先通讀一至兩遍，才能大概了解文章的內容。千萬不要看一句，做一句。其次要逐句分析，前后一致。答案全部填完后，再通讀一遍文章，檢查是否通順流暢，用詞得當，意思正確。二．閱讀理解（共3小題）2．Environmentalpollutionkills1.7millionchildrenundertheageoffiveeveryyearworldwide.ThisisaccordingtotheWorldHealthOrganization（WHO）.TheWHOwarnsthatchilddeathswillincreasegreatlyifpollutioncontinuestoworsen.DrMargaretChan，theWHODirector﹣General，saidinapressreleasestatement，"Apollutedenvironmentisadeadlyone﹣particularlyforyoungchildren，whosedevelopingorgansandimmunesystems，andsmallerbodiesandairways，makethemeasilygethurtbydirtyairandwater."TheWHOalsosaysreducingenvironmentalriskscanpreventdeathslikepneumonia（肺炎）amongchildrenagedonemonthtofiveyears.Thismeansprovidingaccesstosafewaterandsanitation（衛(wèi)生設備），limitingexposuretodangerouschemicals，andimprovingwastemanagement.However，ofalltheenvironmentalpollutants，airpollutionisbeingcalledthemostdangerous.TheWHOestimatesthatairpollutionisresponsibleforabout6.5millionearlydeathseveryyear.Thatnumberincludesnearly600，000deathsofchildrenunderagefive.WHOenvironmentandhealthchiefMariaNeirasaysoneofthemostimportantwaystoreduceairpollutionistoproducecleanerfuelsforcookingandheating."Almosthalfoftheworldpopulationisusingdirtyfuelsforcooking，heating，andlightingathome.And，thisisaffectingverymuchmotherswhoarestayingandcookingathome，butthechildrenwhoarearoundmothers—theyareexposedaswell."Shesaysearlyexposuretoharmfulpollutantscanleadtoincreasedriskofasthma（哮喘），heartdisease，strokeandcancerlaterinlife.Cleaninguphowtheworldcooks，heatsandlightshomesandotherbuildingsisabig﹣picturegoal.TheWHOisadvisinggovernmentdepartmentsandindustriessuchasconstructionandthehealthsectortoworktogethertocleanuptheirenvironment，ensuringthatchildrengrowupinacleanenvironment.（1）Whydochildrensuffermostfromenviron﹣mentalpollution？CA．Theyareeasilyexposedtodangerouschemicals.B．Theyhavenoaccesstosafewaterandsanitation.C．Theirbodiesarenotmatureenoughtofightpollution.D．Theworseningenvironmentalpollutioncontinuestoharmthem.（2）WhatMariaNeirasaysindicatesthatC.A．mothersmustfocusontheirchildren'shealthB．cookingandheatingareresponsibleforpollutionC．childrenshouldbeprotectedfromindirectpollutantsD．halfofthepeopleintheworldarestillusingdirtyfuels（3）What'stheauthor'spurposeinwritingthetext？AA．Appealforbetteringtheenvironmentforchildren.B．Drawpeople'sattentiontoenvironmentalpollution.C．Highlighttheharmpollutiondoestoyoungchildren.D．Arousetheawarenessofyoungchildren'shealthissues.【答案】CCA【分析】這是一篇說明文。文章指出環(huán)境污染是近年來幼童死亡率上升的主要原因?！窘獯稹浚?）C.細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段Apollutedenvironmentisadeadlyone﹣particularlyforyoungchildren，whosedevelopingorgansandimmunesystems，andsmallerbodiesandairways，makethemeasilygethurtbydirtyairandwater."（污染的環(huán)境是致命的，尤其是對幼兒而言，他們發(fā)育中的器官和免疫系統(tǒng)，以及較小的身體和氣道，使他們很容易受到污染空氣和水的傷害。"）可知，兒童受環(huán)境污染的影響最大，因為他們的身體還不夠成熟，無法抵御污染。故選C。（2）C.推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段WHOenvironmentandhealthchiefMariaNeirasaysoneofthemostimportantwaystoreduceairpollutionistoproducecleanerfuelsforcookingandheating."Almosthalfoftheworldpopulationisusingdirtyfuelsforcooking，heating，andlightingathome.And，thisisaffectingverymuchmotherswhoarestayingandcookingathome，butthechildrenwhoarearoundmothers—theyareexposedaswell."Shesaysearlyexposuretoharmfulpollutantscanleadtoincreasedriskofasthma（哮喘），heartdisease，strokeandcancerlaterinlife.（世界衛(wèi)生組織環(huán)境與健康負責人瑪麗亞?奈拉說，減少空氣污染的最重要途徑之一是為烹飪和取暖生產更清潔的燃料。"幾乎一半的世界人口在家里使用骯臟的燃料做飯、取暖和照明。這對留在家里做飯的母親有很大影響，但與母親在一起的孩子也會受到影響。"她說，早期接觸有害污染物會增加日后患哮喘、心臟病、中風和癌癥的風險。）可知，瑪麗亞?奈拉說的話表明應該保護兒童免受間接污染。故選C。（3）A.寫作意圖題。根據(jù)最后一段TheWHOisadvisinggovernmentdepartmentsandindustriessuchasconstructionandthehealthsectortoworktogethertocleanuptheirenvironment，ensuringthatchildrengrowupinacleanenvironment.（世界衛(wèi)生組織建議政府部門和行業(yè)，如建筑業(yè)和衛(wèi)生部門，共同努力清理環(huán)境，確保兒童在清潔的環(huán)境中成長。）可知，作者寫這篇文章的目的是呼吁改善兒童的環(huán)境。故選A?！军c評】做這類題材閱讀理解時要求考生對文章通讀一遍，做題時結合原文和題目有針對性的找出相關語句進行仔細分析，結合選項選出正確答案。做題時要在抓住關鍵句子的基礎上合理的分析才能得出正確答案，切忌胡亂猜測，一定要做到有理有據(jù)。3．It'snoteasyfeelinglikeyou'realwaysunderthespotlightbeingjudgedforeachlittlemistakeyoumake.Yourmindisinanendlesscircleplayingwhatyousaidanddidoverandoveragain.Youwishyouhadatimecapsuletogobackandmakethingsrightifyoufindmistakes.Youfearwhatotherswillthinkaboutyouandthattheywillrejectanddislikeyou.Youseektobesociallyperfect.Academically，youworklongendlesshoursjusttomakethoseexcellentmarks.Althoughmostwouldsay"it'sgoodtohavehighstandards"，theyhavenoideaabouttheinternalhellyouputyourselfthroughtoachieveperfection.Ifyoucomeuplessthanyourdesiredgoalyoufeelasthoughyouhavefailed，butyou'refarfromfailing，youjustdon'tseeitthatway.Soinsteadyouaretellingyourselfthatyou'restupid，andnotsmart.Thepressureyouplaceonyourselfweighsyoudownandyouwearthe"notgoodenough"labeleachandeveryday.Younotonlyhavehighstandardsforyourselfbutyoualsohavethemforothers.Ifpeopledon'tperformuptoyourexpectations，thenyouthinktheyareincompetent.Thiscausesalotoffrustrationbecauseyoucan'ttrustanyonetogetthingsright.Soinsteadofbeingateamplayeryouflysolo（單飛）andtrytodotwoorthreejobsatonce.Yourunrealisticexpectationscauseyoutocriticizeandjudgeothersandthatleadstoproblemsinotherareasofyourlife.Theattempttobeperfectiscalledperfectionismandit'stheunachievableAmericandreamthat'sdamagingouremotionalandmentalhealth.Westriveforperfectionwithourbody，inourperformance，andinourrelationships.Inasocietythatoverstatesmistakes，isitanywonderthatsomanyyoungpeopleattempttheimpossibletaskofbeingperfect？Weallhaveflaws，fears，andmakemistakes，andthat'sperfectlyOK.It'sourimperfectionsthatmakelifeinterestingandtheyhelpusgrowintoastrongerandmoreadaptableperson.Wedon'thavetostrivetoachievetheimpossible.Wearedesignedtobeperfectlyimperfect.（1）Whatmightbethemostsuitabletitleofthetext？BA．FarFromFailingB．PerfectlyImperfectC．PerfectionismPhenomenonD．UnachievableAmericanDream（2）Whichofthefollowingisaperfectionist