全國2021屆高三英語試題8、9月分類解析：B單元-完形填空(B4-說明文)

B4說明文【英語卷(解析)·2021屆河北省衡水中學(xué)高三小一調(diào)考試（202208）掃描版】完形填空（共20小題；每小題1.5分，滿分30分）閱讀下面短文，把握其大意，從每題所給的ABCD四個選項，選出最佳選項，并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。Inthe1450sJohannesGutenberg,aGennanprinter,developedanewprintingpress(印刷機)。Thensingleletterscouldbe__41____inlinestocreateapageoftext.Thelettersweremadeofmetal.Eachonecouldbe___42___todifferentpartsofthepress,dependingonwhichwordswere___43____onacertainpage.Thiswasoneofthemostimportant___44_____inthehistoryofpringting.___45____,mostbookshadbeencreatedbycopyingouttextbyhand.The__46__ofasinglebookwouldtakemanyhoursorevendays.WiththeGutenbergpress,___47___couldbeprinttedinseveralseconds,andmanycopiesofbookscouldbecreatedinafewhours.Gutenberg'sprintingpresswasnotsomuchani___48____,however,asanimprovementofdevelopingtechnologies.TheChinesewerethefirsttousewoodenblocks(木刻版)，asearlyasthe8thcentury.Thengreat__49___wasmadearound1040.ThemovabletypewasinventedbyBiShenginChina.European___50____theprintingmethodscenturieslater.AnothercontributiontoCutenberg`ssystemalsocomefromtheEast,__51____.TheChineseinventedpaperusing___52___materials,includingoldclothes.ThekindoftheinexpensivepaperwasintroducedintoEuropein1000orso.Thiskindofpaperwas__53___forthenewEuropeanprintingpresses,__54____ittookintheonlyinkrequiredforthemetaltype.Printingsoonbecameanimportant__55___inarapidlygrowingworld.By1500,nearly35,000bookswereinprintworldwide.Buttheprintingpressdidnot___56___alotforalongtime.Inthe19thcentury,however,iron____57___woodinthepress`sframework.Andpaperbecame___58___incontinuousrollsratherthanmoreexpensivesinglepieces.Steamengines___59__thespeedatwhichthepressran.Inthelate1900s,theintroductionofbetterpressesgreatly__60___thetimeittooktoturnideasintobooks.41.A.usedB.putC.readD.written42.A.shownB.turnedC.movedD.added43.A.neededB.lostC.collectedD.found44.A.challengedB.studiesC.discoveriesD.developments45.A.RecentlyB.ImmediatelyC.PreviouslyD.Finally46.A.discussionB.productionC.instructionD.preparation47.A.pagesB.ideasC.modelsD.characters48.A.attractionB.expressinC.competitionD.invention49.A.accidentB.researchC.progressD.situation50.A.believedB.followedC.testedD.required51.A.paperB.woodC.lettersD.metal52.A.fineB.thinC.heavyD.cheap53.A.uselessB.specialC.goodD.impossible54.A.asB.althoughC.untilD.unless55.A.fashionB.industryC.trickD.belief56.A.applyB.helpC.workD.change57.A.replacedB.controlledC.becameD.protected58.A.necesaryB.availableC.normalD.valuable59.A.reachedB.limitedC.increasedD.kept60.A.madeB.allowedC.wastedD.reduced【答案】【學(xué)問點】B4說明文【文章綜述】本文敘述的本文印刷術(shù)的進(jìn)展?！敬鸢附馕觥?1B.考查動詞辨析A.used使用；B.put放；C.read讀；D.written寫；句意：然后這些單一的字母被排列成行制成一個文本。Putsthinlines把。。東西排列成行，故選B項。42.C考查動詞辨析A.shown呈現(xiàn)；B.turned轉(zhuǎn)過來；C.moved移動；D.added增加；句意：依據(jù)版面對于他的需要，每個字母可以移動到不同的地方。依據(jù)句意可知每個字母都可以移動，故選C項。43.A考查動詞辨析A.needed需要；B.lost失去；C.collected收集；D.found發(fā)覺；句意：依據(jù)版面對于他的需要，每個字母可以移動到不同的地方。依據(jù)句意選A項。44.D考查名詞辨析A.challengesB.studies爭辯；C.discoveries發(fā)覺；D.developments進(jìn)展；句意：這是印刷史上最重要的進(jìn)展之一。依據(jù)第一句話Inthe1450sJohannesGutenberg,aGennanprinter,developedanewprintingpress可知選D項。45.C考查副詞辨析A.Recently最近；B.Immediately馬上；C.Previously從前地；D.Finally最終地；句意：以前，很多的書可以能過手來進(jìn)行抄寫。依據(jù)語境可知在敘述以前的事情，故選C項。46.B考查名詞辨析A.discussion爭辯；B.production生產(chǎn)；C.instruction說明；D.preparation預(yù)備；句意：一本書的生產(chǎn)會花費數(shù)小時甚至一天的時間。依據(jù)上文提到mostbookshadbeencreatedbycopyingouttextbyhand可知選B項。47.A考查名詞辨析A.pages頁；B.ideas想法；C.models模型；D.characters角色；句意：用這種印刷機，在幾秒鐘內(nèi)能打很多頁，在幾小時內(nèi)就可印刷數(shù)本書。依據(jù)句意可知在幾秒鐘內(nèi)印數(shù)頁，再由頁數(shù)構(gòu)成書，故選A項。48.D考查名詞辨析A.attraction吸引；B.expressin表達(dá)；C.competition競賽；D.invention創(chuàng)造；句意：古騰堡印刷術(shù)做為一項科技的進(jìn)展并不是一項創(chuàng)造。依據(jù)下方提到TheChinesewerethefirsttousewoodenblocks(木刻版)，asearlyasthe8thcentury.可知選D項。49.C考查名詞辨析A.accident事故；B.research爭辯；C.progress進(jìn)步；D.situation狀況；句意：然而比古騰堡印刷術(shù)早1040年。Makeprogress取得進(jìn)步，故選C項。50.B考查動詞辨析A.believed信任；B.followed跟隨；C.tested檢測；D.required要求句意：畢升創(chuàng)造活字印刷術(shù)，數(shù)世紀(jì)后歐洲也緊隨其后。51.A考查名詞辨析A.paper紙；B.wood木頭；C.letters信；D.metal金屬；句意：古騰堡另外一個貢獻(xiàn)就是紙。依據(jù)下方提到TheChineseinventedpaper，故選A項。52.D考查形容詞辨析A.fine好的；B.thin瘦；C.heavy重的；D.cheap廉價的；句意：中國創(chuàng)造了紙，用廉價的原料，包括舊衣服。依據(jù)下方提到ThekindoftheinexpensivepaperwasintroducedintoEuropein1000orso.可知選D項。53.C考查形容詞辨析A.useless無用的；B.special特殊的；C.good好的；D.impossible不行能的；句意：這種紙有利于歐洲印刷術(shù)的進(jìn)步。Begoodfor對。。有好處，故選C項。54.A考查連詞辨析A.as由于；B.although雖然；C.until直到；D.unless除非；句意：由于它適用于這種金屬類型的印刷的油墨。兩個句子之間是因果關(guān)系，故選A項。55.B考查名詞辨析A.fashion時尚；B.industry工業(yè)；C.trick技巧；D.belief信念；句意：印刷很快成為這個快速進(jìn)展的世界的重要的工業(yè)。依據(jù)句意可知印刷成為一項產(chǎn)業(yè)，故選B項。56.D考查動詞辨析A.apply申請；B.help掛念；C.work工作；D.change轉(zhuǎn)變；句意：但印刷術(shù)在很長時間內(nèi)并沒有轉(zhuǎn)變。依據(jù)but可知表示轉(zhuǎn)折，故選D項。57.A考查動詞辨析A.replaced代替；B.controlled把握；C.became成為；D.protected愛護(hù)；句意：到了19世紀(jì)，鐵代替木頭在印刷中的框架作用。依據(jù)語境時代在進(jìn)展，技術(shù)越來越先進(jìn)，故選A項。58.B考查形容詞辨析A.necesary必要的；B.available可達(dá)到的；C.nor