預(yù)熱卷04(解析版)-2023新高考英語全國卷考前預(yù)熱卷

2023新高考英語全國卷考前預(yù)熱卷04（考試時間：100分鐘試卷滿分：120分）第一部分閱讀（共兩節(jié)，滿分50分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出最佳選項。AThefollowinglistofbookscentersonjoyfulAfrican-Americanchildren.Eachtitlecanprovideauniquereadingexperienceforyourfamily'sstorytime.AGirlLikeMe,writtenbyAngelaJohnson,illustrated(插圖)byNinaCrewsNotmanychildren'sbooksfeaturecontemporaryphotographsofordinarychildrendoingordinarythings.Thisbookshowsadiversegroupofgirlsdreaming,laughing,playing,andbeingthemselves.Jayden'sImpossibleGarden,writtenbyMelinaMangal,illustratedbyKenDaleyInthiscolorfultaleabouttwonatureenthusiasts,childrenwillgetinspiredtocreatetheirowncitygardens.YoungJaydenandhisolderneighborCurtis,whoisinawheelchair,cometogetherintheirdeeploveofobservingnature.Theirenthusiasmisthemotivationfortheirspecialprojectofcreatingamagicalgardenthatbringsjoyandwondertoskepticalfamilymembersandneighbors.Saturday,writtenandillustratedbyOgeMoraInthismother-daughterstory,SaturdayplansgowrongoneaftertheotherandalmostruinAvaandhermother'sspecialdaytogether.YetAvaandhermotherareabletoremainpeacefulandjoyfulontheirpreciousSaturday.TheThingAboutBees:ALoveLetter,writtenandillustratedbyShabazzLarkinThisisajoyfulbookthatdescribesbeesandtheirbenefits.Yetitismuchmorethanordinarynon-fictionbecausethebeefactsdescribedthroughrhymingtextbecomefathers'favoritesharedwiththeirsons.Energeticillustrationsstrengthenthisfather-sonstorythatisheart-warming,humorous,educationalandinspiring.1.WhatdoweknowaboutJayden?A.He'sdoubtfulabouteverything. B.Helikesreadingfairytales.C.HecreatesagardenforCurtis. D.He'sfullofcuriosityaboutnature.2.Whichbookismostprobablyfavoredbyfathers?A.TheThingAboutBees:ALoveLetter. B.Saturday.C.Jayden'sImpossibleGarden. D.AGirlLikeMe.3.Whatdothefourbookshaveincommon?A.Theyaresetinthecountryside. B.Theyarepicture-booksforchildren.C.TheyarewrittenbyAfricanauthors. D.Theyareaboutfamilyrelationships.BI’vebeeninan18-yearlove-haterelationshipwithablackwalnuttree.It’sauniquetree.InlateSeptemberorearlyOctober,fallingfruitsashardasbaseballsthreatentheskulls(頭骨)ofyou,yourchildren,yourneighborsandthosethatresidenextdoortothem.UmbrellasintheyardareamustwhiledininginearlyAugust,andasforme,Iwearmybikehelmetwhileworkinginthegarden.Theblackwalnutalsoreleasesachemicalsubstancethroughitsrootsasacompetitivestrategy.It’spoisonoustoseveralcommonplants.TherehavebeenmanynewplantvarietiesthatIbroughthomewithhopesthatmaybetheblackwalnutwouldacceptthem,buttheyfailedtoflourish.Whatdoesworkarenativeplantsthatnaturallygrowinthearea.Nativeplantsareimportanttohavearoundsincetheyprovidebeneficialpollinators(傳粉者)likebirds,beesandbutterflieswithseedsandcontributetoahealthyandbiodiverseenvironment.Nativeplantsforthisareaaregenerallyeasytogrow,sotheyexperiencelessstress.HaveIthoughtofgettingridofthisgiantpaininmytinybackyard?however,gettingridofthistreestandingat50feetwithan87-inchtrunkisnexttoimpossible.alsoprotectedundertheRightfullyso.areimportanttotheurbanforestandforallofthosethatinhabitit.SometimesIthinkaboutmylifewithouttheblackwalnut.Ican’timagineaspringwithoutthebirdswhoarriveeveryyearandloudlysingtheirsongsbeforedawn.I’dmissfallingasleeponlazyweekendafternoonsasIlookupintoitsleaves.Everyspring,Iwonderwhattheseasonholds:Whatarethechancesofbeingknockedunconsciouswhilebarbecuing?Likeanygoodrelationship,I’llneverbepleased.I’mstuckwiththistree,soI’lllistentoitsneedsandgiveitthespaceitrequires.Inreturn,mywalnutoffersahabitatforwildlifeandareminder.4.Whydoestheauthorwearabikehelmetwhileworkinginthegarden?A.Toprotecttheinjuredskull.B.Toavoidbeinghitbythenuts.C.Topreventherselffromsunburn.D.Toprotectherselffromgettingcaughtintherain.5.Whatisthetree’ssurvivalstrategy?A.Itacceptsnewplantvarieties.B.Itattractsbeneficialpollinators.C.Itletsoutapoisontodriveawaypests.D.Itproducesachemicalharmfultosomeplants.6.Whatcanwelearnfromthepassage?A.Thefruitsmaybringconvenience.B.Thewriterfindsitattractivetogetridofthetree.C.Thewriterisaccustomedtolivingwithoutthetree.D.Thetreeishometonumerousbirdsandothercreatures.7.Theauthormostprobablygotareminderfromthetreethat.A.It’sbettertobesurethansorry.B.Constantdroppingwearsthestone.C.Treesandplantshavetheirownwaystoflourish.D.Acceptanceinsteadofresistanceisthebetterwaytobe.CTreesdon’tlookatthecalendartoseewhenspringarrives,buttheyseemtoknowwhenspringisherebetterthanwedo.Recentlyaresearchtakesalookatwhytreesincitiesareturninggreenearlierthanexpected.Theannualshiftfromwintertospringisabreathtakingeventtowatchasleavesbecomegreenandalush(蒼翠的)environmentrevealsitself.Whileitmaybewinter,treesincitiesareturninggreenearlierthanexpectedandoneofthereasonsisartificiallight.Citylightsbrighteningthenightskies,billboardsignslituponroadways,andcarheadlightsallcontributetoshiftingtheregulardaytonightcyclethatplantsandtreesrelyon.Inordertostayaliveduringcruelwinters,treeshitthepausebuttonontheirgrowth.Sincetemperaturescanvarydramaticallythroughoutthewinterthelengthofdaylightisthesignaltreeslookfortosafelystartgrowingagainandturngreen.Onaveragecitiesaretypically1.8°to5.4℉warmerthanruralareas.Thisisknownastheurbanheatislandeffect.Thechangesincityenvironmentsmayaffectseasonalchangesevenmorethanclimatewarmingandcanaffecttheallergy(過敏)andmosquitoseason,watercycles,andalsoaffectpollinators(授粉媒介).Scientistsusesatelliteimagerytoseewhenplantsturngreen.Bycomparingspringgreen-upsinthe85largestUScitiesscientistsfoundthatonaveragetreesstarttoturngreenninedaysearlierincitiesduetothecombinedeffectofurbanheateffectandartificiallights.Despitetheworriesandconcern,itisn’tallbadnews.“Withalongergrowingseason,treeswouldbeabletoabsorbmorecarbondioxide,”Aresearchersaid.“Hopefullythey’dhavealongerperiodtodothecoolingeffectthatcanhelpmitigatetheurbanheatingeffectincities.”8.Whichmightbeafactorcausingtreestoturngreenearlieraccordingtothetext?A.Timelyrain. B.Devotedcare. C.Streetlamps. D.Noisepollution.9.Whatcanwesayabouttheresearchfindings?A.Citiesaregenerally5.4℉colderthanruralareas.B.Thelengthofdaylightinfluenceswhentreesstartgrowing.C.Changeablewatercyclesmaycauseurbanheatislandeffect.D.Urbanheatcausestreestogreenup9daysearlieronaverage.10.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“mitigate”inthelastparagraphmean?A.Relieve. B.Enhance. C.Establish. D.Release.11.Inwhichsectionofawebsitecanthetextbefound?A.Business. B.Education. C.Lifekit. D.Environment.DDoctorssometimesprescribelighttherapytotreataformofdepressioninpeoplewhogettoolittlemorningsun.Buttoomuchlightatothertimesmayactuallycausesuchmooddisorders.Long-lastingexposuretolightatnightbringsdepression,anewstudyfinds,atleastinanimals.Thenewdataconfirmobservationsfromstudiesofpeoplewhoworknightshifts,saysRichardStevensoftheUniversityofConnecticutHealthCenter.Mooddisordersjoinagrowinglistofproblems,includingcancer,obesityanddiabetes-thatcanoccurwhenlightthrowslifeoutofbalancebydisturbingthebiologicalclockanditstimingofdailyrhythms.Inthenewstudy,TracyBedrosianandRandyNelsonofOhioStateUniversityexposedmicetonormallightanddarkcyclesforfourweeks.Forthenextfourweeks,halfofthemiceremainedonthisschedule,andtherestreceivedcontinuousdimlightthroughouttheirnight.Comparedwithmiceexposedtonormalnighttimedarkness,thosegettingdimlightatnightlosttheirstrongpreferenceforsweetdrinks,“Asigntheynolongergetpleasureoutofactivitiestheyonceenjoyed.”Bedrosiansays.Inasecondtest,micewereclockedonhowlongtheyactivelytriedtoescapeapoolofwater.Thoseexposedtonightlightsstoppedstrugglingandjustfloatedinthewater,asignof"behavioraldespair”,10timesaslongasthemicethathadexperiencednormalnighttimedarkness.Allsymptomsofdepressiondisappearedwithintwoweeksofthemicereturningtoanormallight-darkcycle,theresearchersreport.Thescientistsalsocouldquashthebehavioralsymptomsbyinjectingthebrainsofanimalswithadrugthatprohibitstheactivityofcertainmoleculeslinkedwithhumandepression.Thisfindingfurthersuggeststhatlightatnightmaycausesomethingrelatedtodepression.Humanstudieslinkingnighttimelightandmooddisordersareimportantbutcan'teasilydetectmolecularunderpinings(分子基礎(chǔ))asanimalstudiescan，saysGeorgeBrainardofThomasJeffersonUniversity.Thenewwork,hesays,suggeststhatthechangeofthebiologicalclockbylightatnightcanbe“anextremelypowerfulforceinregulatingbiologyandbehavior."12.Afterbeingexposedtocontinuousnighttimelight,hemice____.A.changedtheirpreferences B.escapedfromthewatermoreeagerlyC.remainedactiveasbefore D.showedlessinterestintheirfavorites13.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“quash"inPara.4probablymean?A.study B.predict C.ease D.cause14.Wecanlearnfromthelastparagraphthat_____.A.lightatnightmayhavepracticaleffectsonpeopleB.thebiologicalclockisbeneficialtohumansC.humanmooddisorderscannotbehealedeasilyD.humanstudiesaremoreimportantthananimalstudies15.Whatisthemainideaofthepassage?A.Nighttimelightmayfosterdepression.B.Adrughasbeenfoundtocuremooddisorders.C.Thestudyonanimalscanbeappliedtohumans.D.Humanbiologicalclockcanbecontrolledbylight.第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。Itcanbeveryeasytostickwithwhatyouknow,insteadoftryingtomeetpeoplewhoaredifferentfromyou.___16___Here'swhatyoucando:Becomeself-aware.___17___Thisincludesbiases(偏見）aboutyourownculturalbackground.Itcanbeconfronting,butbydoingthisyou'llbeabletothinkabouthowthesetraitsmightimpactonyourapproachtoandunderstandingofdifferences.Youcouldtry:Thinkaboutwhatassumptionsyoumakeaboutyourfriends,peers,andpeopleyouworkwith.Talktosomeonefromadifferentculturalbackground.Tryandgettoknowsomeonefromadifferentculturalbackgroundbetter.___18___You'llautomaticallyfindoutmoreabouttheirlifeandexperiences.Justbeingcuriousandopen-mindedcanbehelpful.Bemoreaccepting.Sometimes,foronereasonoranother,it'snotallthateasytounderstandsomeculturaldifferences.___19___Inotherwords,youdon'thavetounderstand,orevenagreewith,someoneinordertoacceptthem.___20___Oneofthebiggestdifficultiestoovercomeinunderstandingculturaldifferencesismakingjudgmentsbasedononeopinion.Youshoulddosomeresearchtoactuallylearnaboutpeople,insteadofmakingbroad-brushassessments.Stereotyping(模式化）peoplefromdifferentculturalbackgroundscanimpacttheirqualityoflifeandopportunities.A.Doyourownresearch.B.Thinkbeyondstereotypes.C.Practicebeingsympathetictowardspeople.D.Workoutyourownbeliefs,valuesandpersonalbiases.E.Insteadofaskingthemquestionsdirectly,treatthemasfriends.F.Andthebestapproachistoacknowledgepeoplearedifferentandtoacceptthat'sokay.G.However,tryingtounderstandpeoplefromothercountriescanhelpyouexperiencemore.第二部分語言運用（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1分，滿分15分）

Iknowwhatcouragelookslike.IsawitonaflightItooksixyearsago.

Ourflight

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theOrlandoAirportonemorning.Butimmediatelyupontake-off,itwas

22

thatsomethingwaswrong.Theaircraftwasbumping(顛簸)upanddown.Allthe

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travellerslookedaroundwithknowingsmiles.Ifyouflymuch,youseethesethingsandlearntoact

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aboutthem.However,wedidnotremaincalmforlong.

Minuteslater,ourplanebeganfallingquickly.Thepilotsoonmadeaserious

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."Attention,please!Ourindicatorsshowthatthecontrolsystemhas

26

.WewillreturntotheOrlandoAirport.Our

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willprepareyouforabumpylanding."Manytravelerslookedvisibly

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now.Noonefacesdeathwithoutfear.

Thenseveralrowstomyleft,Iheardawoman'svoice,speakingina(n)

29

conversationaltone.Allaround,peoplecried.Many

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.Thewomanwas

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atthefaceofherdaughteraboutfouryearsold.Themother'sgazeheldthechildsofixedthatsheseemed

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bythesoundsaroundher.

Finally,Ileanedoverandcouldhearthissoftsurevoicewiththetoneof

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.Overandoveragain,themothersaid,"Honey,remember,whateverhappens,Iloveyoualways."Fortunately,ourlandinggear(起落架)heldatlastandourtouchdownwasnota(n)

34

.However,thevoiceheardthatdaynever

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.Thatmomshowedmewhatarealherolookslike.21.A.destroyed

B.missed

C.left

D.approached

22.A.clear

B.surprising

C.important

D.pleasing

23.A.excited

B.young

C.energetic

D.experienced

24.A.calmly

B.politely

C.numbly

D.curiously

25.A.decision

B.speech

C.announcement

D.apology

26.A.recovered

B.failed

C.worked

D.reset

27.A.attendants

B.traveler

C.customers

D.standers-by

28.A.disappointed

B.frightened

C.thrilled

D.confused

29.A.normal

B.informal

C.pleasant

D.nervous

30.A.laughed

B.talked

C.wrote

D.screamed

31.A.glaring

B.staring

C.pointing

D.smiling

32.A.attracted

B.troubled

C.stricken

D.untouched

33.A.bravery

B.comfort

C.helplessness

D.relief

34.A.beginning

B.exception

C.tragedy

D.joke

35.A.returned

B.existed

C.lasted

D.faded第二節(jié)（共10小題；每小題1.5分,滿分15分）閱讀下面材料，在空白處填入適當?shù)膬?nèi)容（1個單詞）或所給單詞的正確形式。China36___(launch)aLongMarch7ArocketfromtheWenchangSpaceLaunchCenterinHainanprovinceonMondaymorning,37___(send)threesatellitesintospaceaspartofitsfirstspacemissionof2023.Thecolossal60.1-meterrocketblastedoffat6:00am38___fromthecoastallaunchcenter,andsoondeployedtheShijian23andShiyan22Aand22Bexperimentalsatellitesintoorbit,accordingto39___newsreleasefromtheChinaAerospaceScienceandTechnologyCorp,theleadingnationalspacecontractor.TheShijian2340____(task)withconductingin-orbit41_____(science)experimentsanddemonstratingtechnology,whiletheShiyan22Aand22Bwillbeused42____(perform)environmentalmonitoringandtotestnewtechnologies.TheLongMarch7Ahasaliftoffweightof573metrictons43___acore-stagediameterof3.35meters.Itiscapableof44____(place)a7-tonspacecraftinageosynchronoustransferorbit.Therocketisusedtosend45___(satellite)tohigh-altitudeorbitslikethegeosynchronoustransferandinclinedgeosynchronousorbits.Itisalsocapableofcarryingoutmissionstothemoon,Marsandtoasteroids.

第三部分寫作（共兩節(jié),滿分40分）第一節(jié)（滿分15分）46.學(xué)校決定下周四在體育館舉行一場慈善捐贈活動，號召全校學(xué)生參加，假設(shè)你是校學(xué)生會主席李華，請你在學(xué)校英語報上為學(xué)生會擬一份通知，內(nèi)容包括：1.本次活動的目的或意義；2.參加本次活動的注意事項。注意:1.寫作詞數(shù)應(yīng)為80左右;2.請按如下格式在答題卡的相應(yīng)位置作答。Notice__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________TheStudents’Union第二節(jié)（滿分25分）47.閱讀下面材料，根據(jù)其內(nèi)容和所給段落開頭語續(xù)寫兩段，使之構(gòu)成一篇完整的短文。Marywaitedanxiouslyforherturnintheemptydressingroom.Neverhadshebeensonervousbefore.Thiscompetitionwasofvitalimportancetohercomeback.“IfIcanwintoday,”shesaidtoherself,“Icandanceonthenationalstagenextmonth.”Threemonthsago,herleftarmwasseriouslyinjuredinacaraccident.Afterthemedicaltreatment,shebegantorecoverslowly.Shepracticedoverandoveragaininordertoregainherdancingskills.“Hi,Mary,”inrushedherfriendJessica.“Howisyourarm?Isitgoingtoinfluenceyourperformance?”“IguessitcanbetoleratedforIamtowinthematch.”saidMarywithadeterminedlook.“Admirable!ButIhearthatagirlcalledLindaisreallygiftedandstrong.Shecanbeyourrealwell-matchedcompetitor.Comeon!”AfterJessicaleft,Marydecidedtopracticehermostdifficultspin.“IfIdon’ttryharder,Iwon’tgraspthischance.”Shethought.Butherarmbegantohurt,makingherworried.“Mary,whatmakesyouthinkyouhaveachancetonight?”shesaidtoherself.Afterthepainwasgone,shecontinuedtowarmup.Aslimgirlhurriedinandputdownanequipmentbagonthechair.Then,shetookoutherdancedressquicklyandputitonskillfully.SeeingMary,shesmiledpolitelyandsaid“Hi,I’mLinda.Iamthenextone!”Marynoddedinreplybutfeltuncomfortable.“Thisisjustmycompetitor.Becauseofher,Imaylosetonight.”HermindwaswanderingwhenLindaletoutascream,“Oh,God,Ican’tfindmymusictape!”Lindasearchedherbagbutinvain.“Itmaybemissingontheway.”Withthesewords,shethenrushedout.Paragraph1:Suddenly,MarycaughtsightofablackboxunderthechairwhereLindaputherbag.____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________HearinghernamecalledMarywalkedonthestagewithherheartbeatingfasterandfaster.__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________閱讀第一節(jié)A1.答案：D解析：細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Jayden'sImpossibleGarden,writtenbyMelinaMangal,illustratedbyKenDaley部分中的Inthiscolorfultaleabouttwonatureenthusiasts,childrenwillgetinspiredtocreatetheirowncitygardens.YoungJaydenandhisolderneighborCurtis,whoisinawheelchair,cometogetherintheirdeeploveofobservingnature.(在這個關(guān)于兩個自然愛好者的豐富多彩的故事中,孩子們將得到靈感,創(chuàng)建自己的城市花園。年輕的杰登和他坐著輪椅的年長鄰居柯蒂斯,因他們對觀察自然的熱愛而走到了一起。)可知Jayden對大自然充滿了好奇心。故選D。2.答案：A解析：推理判斷題。根據(jù)TheThingAboutBees:ALoveLetter,writtenandillustratedbyShabazzLarkin部分中的Yetitismuchmorethanordinarynon-fictionbecausethebeefactsdescribedthroughrhymingtextbecomefathers'favoritesharedwiththeirsons.(然而,它比普通的非小說作品要豐富得多,因為通過押韻的文本描述的蜜蜂的事實成為父親們與兒子們分享的最愛。)可推出TheThingAboutBees最可能是父親的偏愛。故選A。3.答案：B解析：推理判斷題。根據(jù)每一本書的書名后面的是illustrated(插圖)by...(由……畫的插圖)可知這四本書的共同之處是它們是給兒童看的圖畫書,故選B。B4.答案：B解析：細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段"fallingfruitsashardasbaseballsthreatentheskulls(頭骨)ofyou,yourchildren,yourneighborsandthosethatresidenextdoortothem.(掉落的果實會和棒球一樣堅硬,可能傷到你、孩子、鄰居和那些住在隔壁的人的腦袋。)"可知,作者在果園里勞動時,會佩戴一個自行車頭盔,是為了保護頭部不會被樹上掉落的堅硬果實砸傷,故選B項。5.答案：D解析：細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段"Theblackwalnutalsoreleasesachemicalsubstancethroughitsrootsasacompetitivestrategy.It'spoisonoustoseveralcommonplants.(作為一種競爭策略,黑胡桃也會通過根部釋放一種化學(xué)物質(zhì)。它對幾種常見的植物來說是有毒性的。)"可知,黑胡桃樹的生存策略就是釋放一種對其他一些常見植物物種有毒的物質(zhì),以獨占生存資源。故選D項。6.答案：D解析：細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段"Nativeplantsforthisareaaregenerallyeasytogrow,sotheyexperiencelessstress.(這個地區(qū)的原生植物通常很容易生長,所以它們承受的壓力較小。)"可知,在這個果園中,黑胡桃樹在與當?shù)卦参锏纳娓偁幹胁⑽凑紦?jù)優(yōu)勢,原生植物長勢繁榮,這并非是作者對黑胡桃樹又愛又恨的原因之一。故選D項。7.答案：D解析：推理判斷題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第三段"HaveIthoughtofgettingridofthisgiantpaininmytinybackyard?Yes,however,gettingridofthistreestandingat50feetwithan87-inchtrunkisnexttoimpossible.(我有沒有想過擺脫這個小小的后院的大麻煩嗎?是的,然而,要擺脫這棵50英尺高、樹干只有87英寸的樹幾乎是不可能的。)"和最后一段"I'mstuckwiththistree,soI'lllistentoitsneedsandgiveitthespaceitrequires.(我就與這棵樹相伴,所以我會傾聽它的需求,給它所需的空間。)"可知,作者從這棵樹身上得到了這樣啟示:包容接納,而非抗拒,會讓生活更美好。故選D項。C8.答案：C解析：推理判斷題根據(jù)原文前二段可得知，城市里的人造燈光造成城市里樹木發(fā)芽的時間提前。常見的人造燈光包括廣告牌，汽車大燈等。路燈也屬于人造燈光一種。故選C。9.答案：B解析：細節(jié)理解題根據(jù)原文第三段可得知，白天的長短對于樹木來講是非常重要的，因為樹木會根據(jù)白天長短來決定是不是繼續(xù)生長。故選B。其中，D選項“Urbanheatcausestreestogreenup9daysearlieronaverage(城市熱島效應(yīng)導(dǎo)致樹木平均變綠的時間提前9天)”與原文第四段“onaveragetreesstarttoturngreenninedaysearlierincitiesduetothecombinedeffectofurbanheateffectandartificiallights(由于城市熱島效應(yīng)和人造光的共同作用，城市樹木平均提前9天開始變綠)”不符。D選項以偏概全，故排除該選項。10.答案：A解析：詞義猜測題根據(jù)原文最后一段可得知如果樹木的生長季節(jié)更長，樹木會從大氣中吸收更多的二氧化碳。樹木將有更長的時間來實現(xiàn)降溫效果，這有助于緩解城市的高溫效應(yīng)。故選A。11.答案：D解析：推理判斷題本文講的是城市環(huán)境對樹木生長的影響，因此，該短文最可能出現(xiàn)在有關(guān)環(huán)境的網(wǎng)站板塊上。故選D。D12.答案：D解析：細節(jié)理解題。從“thosegettingdimlightatnightlosttheirstrongpreferenceforsweetdrinks,'Asigntheynolongergetpleasureoutofactivitiestheyonceenjoyed.'Bedrosiansays.”可以看出，那些在夜間獲得昏暗光線的老鼠失去了對甜飲料的強烈偏好，表明他們不再從曾經(jīng)喜歡的活動中獲得樂趣，故選D。13.答案：C解析：推理判斷題。從后文“thatprohibitstheactivityofcertainmoleculeslinkedwithhumandepression”可以得知，這種藥物禁止了與人類抑郁癥相關(guān)分子的活動，也就是這種藥物可以緩解癥狀，故選C。14.答案：A解析：推理判斷題。從最后一段“thechangeofthebiologicalclockbylightatnightcanbe'anextremelypowerfulforceinregulatingbiologyandbehavior.'”可以看出，夜間光線對生物鐘的改變可能是“調(diào)節(jié)生物學(xué)和行為的一種極其強大的力量”，也就是意味著夜間照明對人這種生物也會有影響，故選A。15.答案：A解析：主旨大意題。文章圍繞著抑郁癥和光照時間展開，從開頭的“Buttoomuchlightatothertimesmayactuallycausesuchmooddisorders.”到倒數(shù)第二段的藥物治療，都沒有脫離這個主題，最后簡單介紹了夜間光照的研究難度和生物影響，故選A。第二節(jié)七選五這是一篇說明文。試著去理解來自其他國家的人可以幫助你體驗更多，文章對如何理解和接受不同文化背景的人提出了建議。16.前文“Itcanbeveryeasytostickwithwhatyouknow,insteadoftryingtomeetpeoplewhoaredifferentfromyou.”（堅持你所知道的，而不是去結(jié)識與你不同的人，這很容易。）和選項G中的“tryingtounderstandpeoplefromothercountriescanhelpyouexperiencemore”（試著去了解來自其他國家的人可以幫助你體驗更多）構(gòu)成轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系。17.根據(jù)后文“Thisincludesbiases(偏見）aboutyourownculturalbackground.”（這包括對自己文化背景的偏見。）和前文“Becomeself-aware.”（有自我認知）可知，此處是指對自己的文化背景、偏見等有清醒的認知，并解決它們，所以選項D（解決自己的信念、價值觀和個人偏見。）切合文意。18.根據(jù)前文“Talktosomeonefromadifferentculturalbackground.”（和來自不同文化背景的人交談。）可知，此處是講和來自不同文化背景的人交談，所以選項E（不要直接問他們問題，把他們當成朋友。）切合文意。19.根據(jù)前文“Bemoreaccepting.”（更加有包容性）可知，此處是講對于不同要有包容性，所以選項F（最好的方法是承認人們是不同的，并接受這一點。）切合文意。20.根據(jù)后文“Stereotyping(模式化）peoplefromdifferentculturalbackgroundscanimpacttheirqualityoflifeandopportunities.”（對來自不同文化背景的人形成成見會影響他們的生活質(zhì)量和機會。）可知，此處是指要跳出模式化來思考，所以選項B（超越刻板印象。）切合文意。第二部分語言運用第一節(jié).完形填空答案：21.考查動詞辨析。根據(jù)下文"WewillreturntotheOrlandoAirport."可知,作者的航班在早晨離開奧蘭多機場。故選C。

22.考查形容詞辨析。根據(jù)下文"Theaircraftwasbumping(顛簸)upanddown."可知,飛機起飛后,很明顯出現(xiàn)了問題。故選A。

23.考查形容詞辨析。根據(jù)下文中的"travellerslookedaroundwithknowingsmiles"及語境可知,所有有經(jīng)驗的旅客都帶著會意的微笑環(huán)顧著四周。故選D。

24.考查副詞辨析。根據(jù)下文"However,wedidnotremaincalmforlong."可知,如果你經(jīng)常乘坐飛機,你就會看到此類事情,然后學(xué)會冷靜地對待它們。故選A。25.考查名詞辨析。根據(jù)下文"Attention,please!"可知,此處表示飛行員很快發(fā)布了一則嚴肅的通知。故選C。

26.考查動詞辨析。根據(jù)下文"WewillreturntotheOrlandoAirport."及語境可知,儀表盤顯示控制系統(tǒng)出現(xiàn)故障了。故選B。

27.考查名詞辨析。根據(jù)下文中的"willprepareyouforabumpylanding"及語境可知,此處表示機組的乘務(wù)員將會為乘客做好顛簸著陸的準備。故選A。

28.考查形容詞辨析。根據(jù)下文"Noonefacesdeathwithoutfear."可知,很多旅客現(xiàn)在看起來十分恐懼。故選B。

29.考查形容詞辨析。根據(jù)下文中的"conversationaltone"及語境可知,作者聽到了一位女士的聲音,她正在用正常的交談?wù)Z氣說話。故選A。

30.考查動詞辨析。根據(jù)上文"Allaround,peoplecried."可知,周圍的人們都在哭泣,很多人在尖叫。故選D。

31.考查動詞辨析。根據(jù)下文中的"atthefaceofherdaughter"和"Themother'sgaze"可知,此處表示這位女士凝視著她女兒的臉。故選B。

32.考查形容詞辨析。根據(jù)上文中的"Themother'sgazeheldthechildsofixed"可知,母親的凝視牢牢地吸引了孩子的注意力,以至于她似乎沒有受到周圍聲音的影響。故選D。

33.考查名詞辨析。根據(jù)下文中的"remember,whateverhappens,Iloveyoualways"及語境可知,那位母親正在用溫柔的語氣安慰著孩子。故選B。

34.考查名詞辨析。根據(jù)上文中的"Fortunately,ourlandinggear(起落架)heldatlast"可知,幸運的是,飛機的著陸沒有成為一個悲劇。故選C。

35.考查動詞辨析。根據(jù)第一段第二句中的"Itooksixyearsago"及語境可知,然而,作者那天聽到的聲音將永遠不會消失。故選D。第二節(jié)語法填空答案：36.launched考察過去時37.sending考察非謂語38.from考察介詞39.a考察冠詞40.istasked考察被動41.scientific考察形容詞42.toperform考察不定式43.and考察并列44.placing考察of是介詞45.satellites考察復(fù)數(shù)譯文：周一上午，中國在海南省文昌航天發(fā)射中心發(fā)射了一枚長征七號甲火箭，將三顆衛(wèi)星送入太空，這是其2023年首次太空任務(wù)的一部分。據(jù)領(lǐng)先的國家航天承包商中國航天科技集團公司發(fā)布的新聞稿，這枚60.1米的巨型火箭于上午6點從沿海發(fā)射中心發(fā)射升空，并很快將實踐23號和十堰22A和22B實驗衛(wèi)星送入軌道。實踐23號的任務(wù)是進行在軌科學(xué)實驗和演示技術(shù)，而十堰22A和22B號將用于進行環(huán)境監(jiān)測和測試新技術(shù)。長征7A的升空重量為573公噸，核心級直徑為3.35米。它能夠?qū)?噸重的航天器放置在地球同步轉(zhuǎn)移軌道上。該火箭用于將衛(wèi)星送入高空軌道，如地球同步轉(zhuǎn)移軌道和傾斜地球同步軌道。它還能夠執(zhí)行月球、火星和小行星的任務(wù)。第三部分寫作46.應(yīng)用文Notice

Withtheaimofraisingstudents’

awarenessofthecharity,ourschoolhasarrangedtocarryoutadonationforthoseinneed.Weencourageallthestudentstojoinintheactivitieswithyourenthusiasm.

Aseriesofactivitieswillbewaitingforyouractiveparticipation.Youcandonatereadingmaterials,clothes,money,orotherthingsforthechildreninremotemountainousareas.Oryoucanserveasvolunteerstohelpthedonationrunsmoothly.

Ifyouhaveinterestinthisdonation,pleasemakesuretogotothegymat4:00nextThursdayafternoon.ThedeadlineofapplyingforvolunteersisnextTuesdayattheStudents’

Unionoffice.

Lookingforwardtoyourearnestinvolvement!(116words)

TheStudents’

Union第二節(jié).47.讀后續(xù)寫【詳解】從原文可以看出，比賽前Mary正在緊張的準備，這時競爭對手卻找不到自己的音樂磁帶。續(xù)寫分為兩部分，結(jié)合續(xù)寫的兩段首句，可知第一段應(yīng)該寫Mary發(fā)現(xiàn)競爭對手遺落的音樂磁帶后，復(fù)雜矛盾的心理斗爭。第二段應(yīng)該寫Mary登上舞臺后，緊張參賽的過程和結(jié)果以及結(jié)束后的心情。續(xù)寫也可以寫其他合理的情節(jié)，但一定要和文章主題有關(guān)?！军c睛】兩篇范文描寫詳略得當，使用了許多高級詞匯和高級句子。第一篇有：inadilemma，keptreminding，inlowspirits，Tohersurpriseandrelief等高級詞匯；…leavinganotesaying…非謂語動詞作狀語；WithMary’skindnessandencouragement…復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)等高級句式。第二篇有：insurprise，Withouthermusictape,withoutthisreal