04-選擇性必修第一冊(cè)Unit-2綜合檢測(cè)(人教版2019)

2023年高考英語(yǔ)一輪復(fù)習(xí)講練測(cè)(人教版2019)選擇性必修第一冊(cè)Unit2綜合能力檢測(cè)(100分鐘120分)第一部分閱讀(共兩節(jié),滿分50分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題2.5分,滿分37.5分)閱讀下列短文,從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。AAreyouinterestedinworkingwithanimals?Nowherecomesthechance.KirbyWildlifeParkhassetuptheuniqueKeeperExperience.Thefantasticexperienceisavailabletoanyoneovertheageof18whoisreasonablyfit.Weregretthatforhealthandsafetyreasons,peoplewhoarepregnant,inawheelchairorsufferingfromillnesscannottakepart.Atypicalday9:15Arrival9:30HealthandSafetyBriefing10:00ApesandMonkeysWhilecleaningoutenclosures(圍場(chǎng)),youwillfindouthowtoenrichenclosureswithnovelitemsandnewsmellstostimulatetheanimals’sensesandimitatetheirnaturalenvironment.12:00Lunch14:00BigCatsYouwillfeedthecatsandlearnabouttheirnutritionalneeds.Thekeeperwillgiveyouanintroductiontohowcats’behaviorcanbereadtogetanideaoftheirwelfareandhealth.16:30MeettheTeamMeetmoreofthestaffandlearnhowyoucangetfurtherinvolvedwithworkatthepark.Learnaboutouranimaladoptionplan,whatittakestobegoodkeeperandwheretoobtaintherightqualificationsforacareerinanimalwelfare.Bookingandcancellation(撤銷)TheKeeperExperienceisavailableonMondays,WednesdaysandFridaysthroughouttheyear,andmustbebookedatleastfourteendaysinadvance.Fullpaymentisneededwhenbooking.Cancellationsmustbemademorethanoneweekbeforetheevent,oryouwon’treceiveafullrefund.1.WhatcanyoudoinKeeperExperienceinKirbyWildlifePark?A.Batheanimals.B.Buyananimal.C.Feedapesandmonkeys.D.Createnaturalenvironmentforanimals.2.Whencanyoulearnabouttheanimaladoptionplan?A.At9:30 B.At10:00C.At14:00 D.At16:303.WhatcanbeknownaboutKeeperExperience?A.Itisavailabletoanyhealthyadult.B.Itshouldbebookedatleasttwoweeksaheadofschedule.C.Itoffersfreechancetopeopletoworkaskeepers.D.Itwillgiveafullrefundafterreceivingcancellations.BBytheyear2050,afifthoftheworld’scitieswillexperienceunprecedentedclimateconditionsandenvironmentsthatcurrentlydon’texistinanymajorcities,accordingtonewresearch.AteamofscientistsattheCrowtherLabinSwitzerlandproducedthereport,whichdescribedtheclimatefor520majorcities30yearsinthefuture.Theresultsshowedthat77percentoftheworld’scitieswillexperienceasurprisingchangeinclimateconditionsby2050,and22percentofthe520citieswillseeconditionsthatarenotcurrentlyexperiencedbyanyexistingmajorcities.InChinain2050,theclimateofXi’an,inShaanxiprovince,willbesimilartothatofcurrentdayMaseru,thecapitalcityofLesothoinsouthernAfrica,withthemaximumtemperatureofthewarmestmonthlikelytoincreaseby4.59℃.ChongqinginsouthwestChinawillresembletheclimateofSwazilandcapitalMbabane,asthewarmesttemperatureispredictedtoriseby5.1℃.ScientistspredictsummersinEuropewillgetwarmerbyanaverageof3.5℃andEuropeanwinterswillseetemperaturerisesof4.7℃.London’sclimatewillbemoresimilarloBarcelona,andMadrid’stoMarrakech.TheCrowtherLabhopestheanalysiswillmotivatedecision-makerstotakenecessarystepstopreventoraddresssomeoftheclimateeffectsduetothethreatofclimatechange.Thereportalsofoundthatcitiesintropicalregionswillexperiencesmallerchangesinaveragetemperaturebutwillbecontrolledbyshiftsinrainfallregimes.Thismayleadtoanoticeableincreaseinunexpectedevents,andseveredroughts.“Acrossallscientificfields,thegreatestchallengeinclimatescienceisnolongertheprecisemeasurementofclimatechangeimpacts,butinspiringpeopletopictureisactualeffectsinordertomotivateaction,”saidTomCrowther,seniorscientistandfounderoftheCrowtherLab.4.Accordingtotheresearch,amongthe520citiesby2050,about______citieswillexperiencetheclimateconditionsthatnomajorcitiescurrentlyhaveexperienced.A.400B.114C.260D.1045.Howdidthescientistsprovetheirresult?A.Bylistingfigures.B.Bymakingcomparisons.C.Bydoingexperiments.D.Byexplainingtheory.6.WhatistheCrowtherLabintendedfor?A.Tocomparetheclimatechangeofthemajorcitiesoftheworld.B.Toinspirepeopletopictureitsactualeffectsinordertomotivateaction.C.Toinspiredecision-makerstotakenecessarystepstopreventsomeclimateeffects.D.Toshowmostworld’scitieswillexperienceastrikingchangeinclimateconditions.7.Whatisthebesttitleofthepassage?A.WorldTemperatureB.CurrentClimateChangeC.BigTitlesintheWorldD.FutureClimateChangeinMostBigCities【解析】選D。標(biāo)題歸納題。文章主要介紹了對(duì)未來(lái)的一些大城市氣候變化的預(yù)測(cè)。D項(xiàng):“一些大城市的未來(lái)氣候變化”符合題意。故選D。CAninternationalteamofscientistshasdiscoveredastellarblackholeinEarth’s“cosmicbackyard”containingthemassof70suns.It’sablackholethatformsafterstarsdie,collapse,andexplode.Researchershadlongbelievedthatthesizelimitwasonly20timesthemassofoursunbecauseasthesestarsdie,theylosemostoftheirmassthroughexplosionsthatforcematterandgassweptawaybystellarwinds.ThistheoryhasnowbeentoppledbyLB-1,thenewlydiscoveredblackhole.Locatedabout15,000lightyearsaway,ithasamass70timesgreaterthanoursun,accordingtoapressreleasefromtheChineseAcademyofSciences.“Blackholesofsuchmassshouldnotevenexistinourgalaxy(星系),accordingtomostofthepresentmodelsofstellarevolution,”saidLiuJifeng,headoftheteamthatmadethediscovery.“LB-1istwiceasmassiveaswhatwethoughtpossible.Nowtheoristswillhavetotakeupthechallengeofexplainingitsformation.”ScientistsarenowscratchingtheirheadsathowLB-1gotsohuge.Theteamhasproposedsometheories.LB-1’ssheersizesuggeststhatit“wasnotformedfromthecollapseofonlyonestar,”thestudysaid—instead,itcouldpotentiallybetwosmallerblackholesorbitingeachother.Anotherpossibilityisthatitformedfrom“fallbacksupernova(超行星).”Thisiswhenasupernova—thelaststageofanexplodingstar—ejects(噴射)materialduringtheexplosion,whichthenfallsbackintothesupernova,creatingablackhole.Thisfallbackformationistheoreticallypossible,butscientistshaveneverbeenabletoproveorobserveit.ThereareseveraltypesofblackholesandstellarblackholeslikeLB-1areonthetwosmallersides,accordingtoNASA.Supermassiveblackholesaremuchbigger—theycanbebillionsoftimesthemassofoursun.Scientistsbelievesupermassiveblackholesmayhaveconnectionwiththeformationofgalaxies,astheyoftenexistatthecenterofthemassstarstemsbutitisstillnotclearexactlyhow,orwhichformfirst.8.Accordingtoscientists,whatmightaccountfortheformationofLB-1?A.Thematerialejectedintheexplosionofasupernova.B.Thetwosmallerblackholesmovingaroundeachother.C.Theevolutionofthesolarsystem.D.Thecollapseofacertainstar.9.Whatdoestheword“toppled”inParagraph3probablymean?A.Confirmed. B.Strengthened.C.Overturned. D.Refused.10.Whatisthepurposeofwritingthisarticle?A.Toinformreadersofthebasicknowledgeaboutblackholes.B.Tosharetherecentdevelopmentoftheblackholediscovery.C.Toshowtheimportanceofdiscoveringblackholesforscience.D.Toreportachievementsscientistshavemadeinblackholetheory.11.Whatmightbethebesttitleforthepassage?A.TheLatestDiscoveryofGalaxiesB.ProposedTheoriesofBlackHolesC.ThePossibleFormationoftheBlackHolesD.BiggestStellar-massBlackHoleDiscoveredDBillGates’bodymightliveinthepresent,buthisbrainlivesinthefuture.Hehasmadeacareeroutofpredictingwhatwillhappeninmattersofcomputing,publichealthandtheenvironment.Hecorrectlypredictedtheriseofsmartphonesandsocialmedia,andhislatestpredictionscouldcometrue,too.Here’swhatGatespredictsforthefutureofourworld.InhisAnnualLetter2015,GatesmadethepredictionthatAfrica’sagricultureindustrywouldincreaseproductivityby50%by2030.Nowthecontinentbuysabout$50billionworthoffoodfromothercountrieseachyear,although70%ofpeopleinAfricaarefarmers.“Inthenext15years,however,creationsinfarmingwillsolvethefoodprobleminAfrica,”Gateswrote.“Theworldhasalreadydevelopedcropsthataremoreproductive;withallthetechnologies,Africanfarmerscouldpossiblydoubletheirharvests.”By2035,therecouldbealmostnopoorcountries.InhisAnnualLetter2014,Gatesbravelypredictedthatcontinuedlevelsofforeignhelpcouldmeantherewouldbealmostnomorepoorcountriesby2035.“Almostallcountrieswillbewhatwenowcalllower-middleincomeorricher,”Gatesexplained.“Countrieswilllearnfromtheirmostproductiveneighborsandbenefitfromthingslikebetterseedsandthedigitalrevolution.”By2030,theworldwilldiscoveraclean-energybreakthroughtopowerourworld.OneofGates’morehopefulpredictionswhichcamein2016saidthatwind,solar,orsomeotherrenewableresourceswouldpowermostoftheworldwithin15years.“Thedifficultywefaceisbig,perhapsbiggerthanmanypeopleimagine,”hewroteinhisletter.“Butsoisthechancetomakethingsbetter.”Manyofthepoorcountrieshevisitedhadnorunningwaterorelectricity.Atnightthismeanttheycouldn’tlightorpowertheirhomes,andkeepbusinessesopen.“Iftheworldcanfindatypeofcheap,cleanenergy,itwilldomorethanpreventclimatechange,”hewrote.“Itwillchangethelivesofmillionsofthepoorestfamilies.”12.WhatdoestheauthorthinkofGates’predictions?A.Theysoundquiteunreal.B.Theyaremainlyaboutcomputers.C.Theywillprobablycometrue.D.Theyhaven’tproducedanyendresult.13.HowistheagricultureinAfrica?A.Itislosingitsworkforce.B.Itisinneedofproductivity.C.Itcansatisfythelocalneeds.D.ItisasbackwardasAfrica’sindustry.14.WhatshouldpoorcountriesdoaccordingtoGates?A.Useexpensiveseeds.B.Expectlessforeignhelp.C.Relyonthedigitalrevolution.D.Learnfromtheexperienceofothercountries.15.What’sGates’attitudetoclean-energydevelopment?A.It’snoeasytask.B.It’shardtoimagine.C.Itcanputclimatechangetoanend.D.Ithaslittletodowithpoorfamilies.第二節(jié)(共5小題;每小題2.5分,滿分12.5分)閱讀下面短文,從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Isittimetoditch(丟棄)sugar?It’snosecretthatsugarcancauseissuesifyou’reindulging(放任)inalittletoomuchofthesweetstuff.Still,mostAmericansareeatingtoomuchsugar.Theharmfuleffectsitcanhaveonyourphysicalhealtharewellstudied.16.SugarcanaffectyourmoodYouprobablyturntoadoughnut(甜甜圈)orsodaforanextraboostduringalongday.Yetsugarmaynotbesuchapositivepick-me-upafterall.Recentresearchindicatesthatsugarytreatshavenopositiveeffectonmood.17.Onestudypublishedin2017foundthatconsumingadiethighinsugarcanincreasethechancesofmooddisorders.Amorerecent2019studyfoundthatregularconsumptionofsaturatedfats(飽和脂肪)andaddedsugarswererelatedtohigherfeelingsofanxietyinadultsoverage60.18

It’shardtoavoidreachingforcomfortfoods,especiallyafteradifficultday.Butthecycleofconsumingsugartomanageyouremotionsmayonlymakeyourfeelingsofsadness,tiredness,orhopelessnessworse.Multiplestudieshavefoundalinkbetweendietshighinsugaranddepression.19.Thesecanleadtodepressionandmayevenincreasethelong-termriskofdevelopingamentalhealthdisorderinsomepeople.SugardestroysyourbrainpowerEmergingresearchhasfoundthatdietshighinsugarcandamagecognitivefunctioning,evenintheabsenceofextremeweightgainortoomuchenergyintake.A2015studyfoundthatconsuminghighlevelsofsugar-sweeteneddrinksmadeneurocognitivefunctionslikedecisionmakingandmemoryworse.20.Butamorerecentstudyfoundthathealthyvolunteersintheir20sscoredworseonmemorytestsandhadpoorerappetitecontrolafterjust7daysofeatingadiethighinsaturatedfatandaddedsugars.Althoughmorestudiesareneededtosolidifytheeffectsonmentalhealthofsugarconsumption,it’simportanttoconsiderhowdietcanaffectyourwell-being.A.Granted,theresearchwasdoneonratsB.SugarcanweakenyourabilitytodealwithstressC.Ifyou’redyingforsweets,here’swhattoeatinsteadD.Infact,sugarmayhavetheoppositeeffectovertimeE.SugarcanincreaseyourriskfordevelopingdepressionF.However,theeffectonmentalhealthisworthtakingasecondlookG.Overconsumptionofsugartriggersimbalancesincertainbrainchemicals第二部分語(yǔ)言運(yùn)用(共兩節(jié),滿分30分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1分,滿分15分)閱讀下面短文,從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。ToTheStrand’sfamilyandfriends,TheStrand’staskhasalwaysbeensimple.Itistogetgood21inthehandsofreaders.Forover93years,the22mygrandfatherfoundedhasbecomesomuchmorethanjustabookstore—TheStrandhasbecomeacommunitycenter,welcomingallbook23withopenarms.Inorderto24TheStrandasabusiness,withnoincomeandnoclearideaastowhenwecan25ourdoor,wehavehadtotemporarilyfirethemostofourworkers.Duetotherapid26ofCOVID-19,wemakethe27tocloseourdoorsaweekbeforethegovernmentorder,aswefeltitwasunsafeforour28andcommunity.Thisisthefirsttimeinour29thatwehavehadtohavealayoff(裁員).Allofourworkershavebeen30fortheweekandwearepayingoutanyvacation.Wearealsoworkingwithourunionandourproviderstoextend(延長(zhǎng))healthinsuranceaslongaspossible.WeknowthatitisourbooksellersthatmakeTheStrandso31,soourgoalisto32thissowecanrehireeveryemployeeassoonaspossible.Wewon’t33now.WehaveputforwardarequesttotheGovernor’sofficeinordertoregainourabilitytostartonlineandphoneordersas34aspossible.Westronglybelievethatourbooksareaveryimportantresource(資源)theworldcould35userightnow.21.A.goods B.articles C.books D.letters22.A.school B.hospitalC.community D.bookstore23.A.writers B.lovers C.sellers D.posters24.A.keep B.find C.collect D.change25.A.repack B.repayC.reopen D.repair26.A.spread B.lossC.recovery D.control27.A.decision B.suggestionC.belief D.comment28.A.designers B.workersC.employers D.managers29.A.question B.serviceC.history D.reply30.A.served B.greetedC.charged D.paid31.A.strange B.comfortableC.normal D.popular32.A.getthrough B.getbackC.playwith D.keepoff33.A.showoff B.giveupC.pickout D.comeout34.A.much B.soon C.well D.often35.A.finally B.almost C.really D.never第二節(jié)(共10小題;每小題1.5分,滿分15分)閱讀下面短文,在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。Wearecurrentlylivinginaworld36.__________rapidadvancesinmedicineandtechnologyinfluenceourliveson37.__________regularbasis.Onetechnology,whichinrecentyears38.__________(develop)veryquickly,iscloning.Clonesrefertoanimalsorplantsthatareproducedtobeexact39.__________(copy)ofoneanother.Clonesofdifferentkindsareproducedinvariousways,andtheyhavebecome40._______(value)inmanymedicalapplicationsandbiologicalexperiments.Mostareproducedinthelaboratory,withsomeofthem41.________(occur)inseveralspeciesinanaturalway.Areportin2018hadpicturesofMacaquemonkeysthathadbeenclonedsuccessfully.Sincetheyareprimates(靈長(zhǎng)目動(dòng)物)likeus,itgetsustocomeeven42.________(close)tofindtherightproceduresofthecloningofhumans.Thiscomestothequestionwhywewouldneedorwanttodothis.Woulditbe43.__________thebestinterestofhumankindtodevelopthistechnology?Besides,themoralquestionsthatwillberaised44.__________(be)unbelievable,andwoulditbeanaccomplishmentthatcouldbenefithumankindenough45.__________(balance)theilleffectsthatitmightproduce?第三部分寫(xiě)作(共兩節(jié),滿分40分)第一節(jié)(滿分15分)隨著社會(huì)的發(fā)展,各種發(fā)明以及高科技產(chǎn)品成為我們?nèi)粘Ｉ畹谋匦杵?如手機(jī)(mobilephone)、數(shù)碼相機(jī)(digitalcamera)等。請(qǐng)以MyFavouriteInvention為主題,準(zhǔn)備一篇發(fā)言稿,主要內(nèi)容包括:1.你喜歡的科技產(chǎn)品;2.喜歡的理由。注意:1.詞數(shù)80左右;2.開(kāi)頭和結(jié)尾已給出,不計(jì)入總詞數(shù)。Hello,everyone,I’dliketomakeaspeechwiththetitle:MyFavouriteInvention.____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________That’sall.Thankyou.第二節(jié)(滿分25分)閱讀下面材料,根據(jù)其內(nèi)容和所給段落開(kāi)頭語(yǔ)續(xù)寫(xiě)兩段,使之構(gòu)成一篇完整的短文。Desiree,a4-year-oldgirl,wassobbingquietlyoverherfather,Ken,whohaddiedninemonthsearlier.Shewashuggingaphotographofherfatherwithherfingersrunningaroundhisface.“Daddy”,shesaidsoftly,“Whywon’tyoucomeback?”Insteadofgraduallyadjustingtoherfather’sdeath,Desireerefusedtoacceptit“Daddywillbehomesoon,”she’dtellhermother.“He’satwork.”Whensheplayedwithhertoytelephone,shepretendedshewaschattingwithherfather“Imissyou,Daddy,”she’dsay.“Whenwillyoucomeback?”Desiree’ssituationmadehermotherworried.Dayslater,itwasKen’sbirthday.“HowwillIsendhimacard?”Desireeaskedhermother“Howaboutifwetiealettertoaballoon.”hermothersaid,“andsendituptoheaven?”Desiree’seyesimmediatelylitup.HermothertookhertoastoreandDesireepickedoutaballoonwithHAPPYBIRTHDAYaboveadrawingofTheLittleMermaid(美人魚(yú)).Desireeandherfatherhadoftenwatchedit.Thechild’seyesshoneastheywereonthewaytoKen’sgrave.ThenDesireedictated(口述)alettertoherDad.“Daddy,Happybirthday,Iloveyouandmissyou,”sherattledoff(快速說(shuō)).“IhopeyougetthisandcanwritetomeonmybirthdayinJanuary.”Hermotherwrotethemessageandtheiraddressonasmallpieceofpaper,whichwasthenwrappedinplasticandtiedtotheendofthestringontheballoon.Finally,Desireeflewtheballoon.Foralmostanhour,theywatchedtheshiningspotofsilvergrowsmallerandsmallertilldisappear.“NowDad’sgoingtowritebacktome,”Desireesaidconfidently.Everydaysincetheyflewtheballoon,Desireehadaskedhermother,“DoyouthinkDaddyhasmyballoonyet?”Severalweekspassed,andshestoppedasking.注意:續(xù)寫(xiě)詞數(shù)應(yīng)為150左右。Oneday,3,000milesaway,Wadewasonaduckhuntwhensuddenlysomethinginthebushcaughthiseyes.____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Desire’sfifthbirthdaycameandlaterontheafternoon,apackagearrived.____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________參考答案第一部分閱讀(共兩節(jié),滿分50分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題2.5分,滿分37.5分)A【文章大意】本文為廣告。文章主要講述了Kirby野生動(dòng)物園向人們發(fā)出做動(dòng)物管理員的邀請(qǐng)并詳細(xì)介紹了活動(dòng)的安排。1.【解析】選D。細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Atypicalday”部分可知,你可以利用新奇的物品和新的氣味給動(dòng)物們創(chuàng)造出它們的自然環(huán)境。故選D。2.【解析】選D。細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Atypicalday”部分中的“16:30MeettheTeam”的內(nèi)容可知,16:30時(shí),你可以見(jiàn)到更多的工作人員并了解如何進(jìn)一步參與公園的工作以及動(dòng)物收養(yǎng)計(jì)劃。故選D。3.【解析】選B。細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段可知,要體驗(yàn)飼養(yǎng)員的話,必須至少提前兩星期預(yù)定。故選B。B【文章大意】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。通過(guò)數(shù)據(jù)列舉講述了到2050年,世界上許多大城市的氣候?qū)⒆兣?呼吁人類要盡快采取措施。4.【解析】選B。細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段可知,520個(gè)城市中的22%大約就是114,所以到2050年,大約有114個(gè)城市將面臨氣候條件的變化。故選B。5.【解析】選A。推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段,第三段和第四段中所列舉的具體數(shù)據(jù)可知,這些科學(xué)家通過(guò)列出具體的數(shù)據(jù)來(lái)佐證他們的研究結(jié)果。故選A。6.【解析】選C。細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第五段可知,theCrowtherLab的目的就是激勵(lì)決策者采取必要的措施來(lái)防止一些氣候影響。故選C。7.【解析】選D。標(biāo)題歸納題。文章主要介紹了對(duì)未來(lái)的一些大城市氣候變化的預(yù)測(cè)。D項(xiàng):“一些大城市的未來(lái)氣候變化”符合題意。故選D。C【文章大意】本文是一篇科普說(shuō)明文,主要是與讀者分享黑洞發(fā)現(xiàn)的新進(jìn)展。8.【解析】選B。細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由文章的第六、七段“Scientistsarenow...eachother.”可知LB-1不是由一顆行星的爆炸解體形成的,而是兩個(gè)小的黑洞相互環(huán)繞形成的,由此可知B選項(xiàng)為正確答案。9.【解析】選C。詞義猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)上下文“Thistheory...Sciences.”可知LB-1是一個(gè)新的黑洞理論,與原先研究人員認(rèn)為的不同,故前文所講述的黑洞理論將會(huì)被推翻或否認(rèn),從而可以猜測(cè)toppled為“推翻”之意。結(jié)合選項(xiàng)可知C選項(xiàng)為正確答案。10.【解析】選B。推理判斷題。閱讀全文可知,文章主要圍繞黑洞新發(fā)現(xiàn)展開(kāi),包括黑洞如何形成、黑洞的大小等,因此可推知,作者寫(xiě)這篇文章是為了與讀者分享黑洞發(fā)現(xiàn)的新進(jìn)展,故B選項(xiàng)為正確答案。11.【解析】選D。標(biāo)題歸納題。根據(jù)文章圍繞的“黑洞新發(fā)現(xiàn)”以及“Thereareseveral...oursun有幾種類型的黑洞,LB-1還算是小的,據(jù)NASA顯示,超級(jí)黑洞可能是太陽(yáng)的數(shù)十億倍大”可知新發(fā)現(xiàn)的黑洞是超級(jí)大的,原先理論認(rèn)為黑洞大約只有太陽(yáng)的20倍,可知最新發(fā)現(xiàn)的黑洞是最大的,綜上所述可知D選項(xiàng)“BiggestStellar-massBlackHoleDiscovered”概括最為貼切、全面,故D選項(xiàng)為正確答案。D【文章大意】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要說(shuō)明了BillGates對(duì)于未來(lái)世界的預(yù)測(cè),他預(yù)測(cè)到2030年非洲農(nóng)業(yè)生產(chǎn)力將提高50%,到2035年將幾乎沒(méi)有貧窮國(guó)家以及到2030年世界對(duì)于清潔能源的發(fā)現(xiàn)會(huì)有突破,并為我們的世界提供能源。12.【解析】選C。細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段可知Gates正確地預(yù)測(cè)了智能手機(jī)和社交媒體的崛起,他的最新預(yù)測(cè)也有可能成為現(xiàn)實(shí)。由此可知,作者認(rèn)為Gates的預(yù)測(cè)很可能會(huì)成為現(xiàn)實(shí)。故選C。13.【解析】選B。推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段中第一句可知Gates在2015年的年度信中預(yù)測(cè),到2030年,非洲農(nóng)業(yè)生產(chǎn)力將提高50%。由此可推知,非洲的農(nóng)業(yè)需要生產(chǎn)力。故選B。14.【解析】選D。細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段可知各國(guó)將向生產(chǎn)力最高的鄰國(guó)學(xué)習(xí),并從更好的種子和數(shù)字革命等方面獲益。由此可知,貧窮國(guó)家應(yīng)該學(xué)習(xí)其他國(guó)家的經(jīng)驗(yàn)。故選D。15.【解析】選A。推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段可知,Gates認(rèn)為發(fā)展清潔能源不是一件容易的事。故選A。第二節(jié)(共5小題;每小題2.5分,滿分12.5分)【文章大意】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章介紹了糖對(duì)心理健康的影響。16.【解析】選F。文章主要講糖對(duì)心理健康的影響,此處引出下文并與上文形成轉(zhuǎn)折,F選項(xiàng)“然而,對(duì)心理健康的影響值得再看一眼”切題。故選F。17.【解析】選D。由小標(biāo)題“Sugarcanaffectyourmood”(糖會(huì)影響你的情緒)及空前內(nèi)容可知,糖會(huì)影響人的情緒,對(duì)情緒沒(méi)有積極影響,說(shuō)明糖對(duì)情緒的影響是消極的,承接上下文,D選項(xiàng)“事實(shí)上,隨著時(shí)間的推移,糖可能會(huì)產(chǎn)生相反的效果”切題。故選D。18.【解析】選E。由第四段可知,用糖來(lái)控制抑郁情緒只會(huì)更糟,高糖飲食與抑郁癥之間存在聯(lián)系,說(shuō)明糖會(huì)增加抑郁癥的風(fēng)險(xiǎn),E選項(xiàng)“糖會(huì)增加你患抑郁癥的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)”能概括本段內(nèi)容。故選E。19.【解析】選G。本段在分析糖會(huì)增加抑郁癥風(fēng)險(xiǎn)的原因,該空填寫(xiě)內(nèi)容應(yīng)與其原因相關(guān),銜接下文,G選項(xiàng)“過(guò)度消耗糖會(huì)引發(fā)某些大腦化學(xué)物質(zhì)的失衡”切題。故選G。20.【解析】選A。A選項(xiàng)中的“theresearch”對(duì)應(yīng)上一句中的“A2015study”,該空是對(duì)上一句研究結(jié)果的肯定,表明此處研究結(jié)果真實(shí)可靠,承接上文,A選項(xiàng)“當(dāng)然,這項(xiàng)研究是在老鼠身上進(jìn)行的”切題。故選A。第二部分語(yǔ)言運(yùn)用(共兩節(jié),滿分30分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1分,滿分15分)【文章大意】這是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章是斯特蘭德書(shū)店寫(xiě)給外界的一封信,講述了在新冠病毒肆虐的環(huán)境下書(shū)店不得不暫時(shí)關(guān)門(mén),并且書(shū)店正在努力能夠盡快恢復(fù)運(yùn)營(yíng)。21.【解析】選C。句意:那就是把好書(shū)交到讀者手中。根據(jù)“inthehandsofreaders”可知,此處是指把好書(shū)交到讀者手里。故選C。22.【解析】選D。句意:在過(guò)去的93年里,我祖父創(chuàng)立的書(shū)店已經(jīng)不僅僅是一家書(shū)店了。根據(jù)“morethanjustabookstore”可知,此處是指這個(gè)書(shū)店。故選D。23.【解析】選B。句意:斯特蘭德已經(jīng)成為一個(gè)社區(qū)中心,張開(kāi)雙臂歡迎所有的圖書(shū)愛(ài)好者。根據(jù)“TheStrand’staskhasalwaysbeensimple.Itistogetgoodbooksinthehandsofreaders.”(斯特蘭德的任務(wù)一直很簡(jiǎn)單。那就是把好書(shū)交到讀者手中。)可知,斯特蘭德是為圖書(shū)愛(ài)好者開(kāi)放的。故選B。24.【解析】選A。句意:為了維持斯特蘭德公司的經(jīng)營(yíng),我們沒(méi)有收入,也不清楚什么時(shí)候能重新開(kāi)門(mén),我們不得不暫時(shí)解雇大部分員工。在沒(méi)有收入的情況下解雇大部分員工是為了維持經(jīng)營(yíng)。故選A。25.【解析】選C。根據(jù)“ourdoor”可知,此處是指重新開(kāi)門(mén)。故選C。26.【解析】選A。句意:由于新冠病毒的迅速傳播,我們?cè)诮拥秸畹那耙恢軟Q定關(guān)門(mén),因?yàn)槲覀冇X(jué)得這對(duì)我們的工人和社區(qū)來(lái)說(shuō)不安全。根據(jù)“ofCOVID-19”可知,此處是指新冠病毒的迅速傳播。故選A。27.【解析】選A。根據(jù)“tocloseourdoors”可知,此處是指做出關(guān)門(mén)的決定。故選A。28.【解析】選B。此處it是指新冠病毒的迅速傳播,如果不關(guān)門(mén),這對(duì)工人和社區(qū)都是不安全的。故選B。29.【解析】選C。句意:這是我們公司歷史上第一次不得不裁員。根據(jù)“Thisisthefirsttime”可知,此處是指這是這家公司歷史上第一次不得不裁員。故選C。30.【解析】選D。句意:我們所有的工人都已領(lǐng)到了當(dāng)周的工資,我們將支付休假費(fèi)。此處是指所有的工人都已領(lǐng)到了當(dāng)周的工資。故選D。31.【解析】選D。根據(jù)前文“TheStrandhasbecomeacommunitycenter”(斯特蘭德已成為一個(gè)社區(qū)中心)可知,斯特蘭德非常受歡迎。故選D。32.【解析】選A。getthrough度過(guò)(難關(guān));getback回來(lái);playwith同……一起玩;keepoff避免,回避。根據(jù)“sowecanrehireeveryemployeeassoonaspossible”可知,此處是指盡快度過(guò)難關(guān)。故選A。33.【解析】選B。根據(jù)后文“WehaveputforwardarequesttotheGovernor’sofficeinordertoregainourabilitytostartonlineandphoneorders”可知,“我們”在努力想辦法恢復(fù)運(yùn)營(yíng),所以“我們”沒(méi)有放棄。故選B。34.【解析】選B。句意:我們已經(jīng)向州長(zhǎng)辦公室提出請(qǐng)求以盡快恢復(fù)我們?cè)诰€和電話訂購(gòu)的能力。因?yàn)闀?shū)店運(yùn)營(yíng)現(xiàn)在處于停滯狀態(tài),所以是盡早恢復(fù)。故選B。35.【解析】選C。句意:我們堅(jiān)信,我們的書(shū)籍是當(dāng)今世界真正需要的非常重要的資源。此處是指我們的書(shū)籍是當(dāng)今世界真正需要的。故選C。第二節(jié)(共10小題;每小題1.5分,滿分15分)【文章大意】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。飛速發(fā)展的醫(yī)學(xué)和技術(shù)常常影響著我們的生活,其中一項(xiàng)技術(shù)就是克隆,本文主要介紹了克隆的概念、現(xiàn)狀以及存在的一些問(wèn)題。36.【解析】where?？疾槎ㄕZ(yǔ)從句。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可以發(fā)現(xiàn),空前是主句,空處引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句,修飾先行詞world,空處在從句中作地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ),故用where。37.【解析】a?？疾楣谠~。飛速發(fā)展的醫(yī)學(xué)和技術(shù)常常影響我們的生活。onaregularbasis“定期地,經(jīng)常地”,故填不定冠詞a。38.【解析】hasdeveloped/hasbeendeveloping?？疾閯?dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)。根據(jù)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)“i