第04講-動詞ing形式作賓語和表語(選修第一冊)(原卷版)

第04講動詞ing形式作賓語和表語1．了解動詞ing形式作賓語和表語的概念和用法。2．可以根據(jù)本節(jié)課的內(nèi)容來完成一些習題。關于動詞ing形式的基本情況(1)．動詞ing形式是動詞的一種非謂語形式，包括現(xiàn)在分詞和動名詞兩種。動詞ing形式在句中的語法作用：動名詞在句中作主語、賓語、表語和定語，現(xiàn)在分詞在句中作狀語、賓語補足語和定語。(2)．動詞ing形式的時態(tài)和語態(tài)。Readingaloudisagoodwaytolearnalanguage.大聲朗讀是學習語言的一種好方法。Havingstudiedhislessonsveryhard,hepassedtheexam.努力學習了功課,他通過了考試。Thebuildingbeingbuiltnowwillbefinishednextmonth.正在建設的建筑物下個月將完工。Havingbeenlaughedatforhislameness,theboybecameshyandinhibited.那男孩因跛腳被人譏笑,變得羞怯。【歸納用法】動詞ing形式作表語1、v-ing形式作表語，表示主語的內(nèi)容是什么。Theirjobisbuildinghouses.Therealquestionisgettingtoknowtheneedsofthepeople.2、v-ing形式作表語，表示主語所具有的特征。Thisstoryisveryinteresting.Theproblemisquitepuzzling.注意：分詞作表語有兩種情況一種是-ing形式作表語，一種是-ed形式作表語。-ing形式用來描述事物的特征，表示“令人...的”，-ed形式用來描述人的感受，表示“感到...的”。如：exciting令人激動的excited興奮的interesting使人感興趣的interested感興趣的exciting令人激動的 excited感到激動的disappointing令人失望的disappointed感到失望的puzzling令人費解的 puzzled感到費解的動詞ing形式作賓語1、v-ing形式在句中既可以用作動詞后面的賓語，也可以用作介詞后面的賓語。常用v-ing形式作賓語的動詞有：mind,admit,practice,risk,miss,avoid,consider,enjoy,escape,finish,imagine,suggest,appreciate,delay,imagine,keep,resist,deny,lookforwardto，insiston，setabout等。常見的動介詞搭配+-ing形式：lookforwardto，insiston，setabout，can't

help,，beproudof，beresponsiblefor，keepon，thinkof，dreamof，hearof，prevent…from，keep…from，stop…from，beengagedin，dependon，thank…for，aimat，befondof，beafraidof，betiredof，succeedin，put

off，give

up，be

worth，bebusy（in）doingsth，beinterestedin，beashamedof等?！锔咧须A段常見的帶介詞to的短語，后接-ing形式或名詞:lookforwardto（渴望，盼望），contributeto（捐助、貢獻），getdownto（著手做），givewayto（讓位），taketo（從事），stickto（忠于、堅持），beusedto（習慣于），devoteoneselfto（獻身于），objectto（反對，抗議），pay

attention

to（注意），adjustoneselfto...（調(diào)整以適應...)動詞allow,advise,forbid,permit等可直接跟動詞-ing形式作賓語，不可以接動詞不定式作賓語，但可接不定式作賓語補語。allowdoing(√) allowtodo(×) allowsbtodo(√)advisedoing(√) advisetodo(×) advisesbtodo(√)forbiddoing(√) forbidtodo(×) forbdsbtodo(√)permitdoing(√) permittodo(×) permitsbtodo(√)Wedon'tpermitsmokinghere.Pleasepermitmetosayafewwords.以下及物動詞后既可接不定式又可接動詞-ing作賓語，但兩者意義上有區(qū)別remembertodo記住要去做的事rememberdoing記得過去曾經(jīng)做過某事forgettodo忘記要去做的事forgetdoing忘記了過去做過的事regretdoing后悔做了某事regrettodo很遺憾地去做某事try

to

do

sth

努力/企圖做某事try

doing

sth

試著做某事mean

to

do

sth

打算做某事mean

doing

sth意味著做某事

stop

to

do

sth

停下來去做某事

stop

doing

sth

停止做某事

6、用it作形式賓語，真正的賓語是動詞-ing形式。其結(jié)構(gòu)是：sb.＋動詞＋it＋adj.＋動詞-ing形式常用動詞有：think,like,hate,consider,find,feel,believe等Ifeelitdifficulttryingagain.Ifoundituseless/nousecryingoverthesplitmilk.7、動詞-ing形式的復合結(jié)構(gòu)：名詞賓格/名詞所有格/形容詞性物主代詞＋動詞-ing形式Wouldyoumindmy/meopeningthewindow?WouldyoumindMary’s/Maryclosingthewindow？1．Ithinkthebookisworth________(read)asecondtime.2．Thereisnosense________(force)yourselftogetwhatyoudon’twant.3．Weshouldtakeeffectivemeasurestopreventtheculturalheritagefrom________(damage).4．Ploggingmeans________(pick)uptrashwhileworkingout.5．Nothingcouldpreventhim_______(sail)roundtheworldalone.6．Thesalesgirlarguedmeinto________(buy)theshirt.7．Henotesdowneverythingthat’sworth________(remember).8．Hetrickedmeinto________(spend)allmymoney.9．Headmitted________(steal)thenecklacethedaybeforeandsaidhewassorry.10．Theboyisaddictedto________(play)computergames.11．AsIknow,thechild’spassionis___(sing).12．Yourtaskis__________(clean)theoldcaroverthereonyourown.13．Herpresentjobis________(teach)Englishinaremotevillage,whichshethinksisveryrewarding.14．Whatannoyedmemostwas________(cheat)byheroverandoveragain.15．Therealproblemis________(understand)howthesystemworks.16．Rachel’sfather’sjobis________(teach)mathsinahighschool.17．Themostpopularpastimeforanumberofoldpeopleis________(play)chess.18．Iknowthatherhobbyis____(make)shortcookingvideos.19．Iadmitted________(break)thewindowbutitwasmerelyanaccident.20．Thetotalcostcoversadvertising,arrangingand________(confirm)appointments.21．Wouldyoumind________(buy)mesomesweet?22．ThereislittledoubtthatpeoplewithlowEQsoftenhaveproblems________(get)onwithotherpeople.23．I’vehadmomentsoffeelingsorryformyself,butI’veneverhadanythoughtsof________(commit)suicide.24．Icannothelp________(worry)tohearthatthereisnosteamerthisweek.25．Noonecommittingacrimecanescape________(catch).26．Michaeldoesn’tfelllike________(study)abroadforhisparentsareold.27．Subsequently,theyfounditnogood________(expose)totoomuchinformationontheInternet.28．Whenyoustayoutsideinthewild,pleasepayattentionto______(protect)yourselffrombeinghurtbysnakes.29．Jamesisbusy__________(practice)fortheschoolconcert.30．Youcan’tscaremeinto________(tell)youanything.31．Asamusician,shehasspentyears________(perfect)hertechnique.32．Ican’tstand________(go)toartgalleries.Igetverybored!33．Ifind________(paint)withwatercolouraloteasierthanwithoil.34．Theteammembersweregreetedlike____________(conquer)heroes.35．Wewouldappreciateyou________(let)usknowofanyproblems.36．I’llgetroundto___________(mend)iteventually.37．Toavoid________(punish),heliedtohisteacherthatadoghadeatenhishomework.38．Hehadtoresignhimselfto________(watch)theEuropeanChampionshipsontelevision.39．I’musedto________(plan)everytripindetails.Idon’tjustleaveonawhim.40．Weshouldsparenoefforttopreserveourenvironmentfrom________(pollute)．41．Thefirecrewshadproblems________(fight)theblaze.42．Wefinished________(load)andsetoff.43．Inanattempttosavethechildfrom________(drown),thewomanwithcompassionnearlylostherownlife.44．Themantrappedhiminto________(give)awaythebusinesssecret.45．Stop_________(bother)mewhileIamworking.46．Wedidn’tspeaktoeachotherafterthat,andIdidn’tgetclosetoherforfearof________(hurt)again.47．Melissawantedtosaveherfather’smusicbecausehismusicdeserved________(preserve)inthefamily.48．Inordertoreducethecostsoftheproducts,wearealwaysseeking________(improve)productivity.49．Weonlymissed________(see)eachotherbyfiveminutes.50．________(grow)upmeansthatweneedtofaceuptoourresponsibilitiestoourfamilyandthesociety.51．Atlast,theboyhadtoacknowledge______(steal)themoneyfromhismother'spocket.52．Motherwasworri