專題04-如何更好地控制自己的敘述(教師版)

HowtoTakeControlofYourSelf-narrativeforaBetterandHappierLife如何更好地控制自己的敘述文章選自《新科學家》主題語境：人與自我子語境：自我修養(yǎng)原文出處：NewScientist語篇類型：說明文關鍵詞：story；hero；stress；process篇章導讀：你講述的關于自己的故事，即你的敘事身份，對你的幸福感和實現(xiàn)個人目標的能力有很大影響。本文將告訴你如何將其發(fā)揮到極致！原汁原味外刊閱讀及模擬強化訓練Everyoneknowswhatmakesagoodstory.Ourherostartstheirjourneyasaflawedbutrelatablebeingwithapersonalgoal.Insceneafterscene,theyfacechallengesandsetbacksthatpushthemdownnewpaths.Bytheendofthetale,theyhaveprevailedandbecomeabetterpersonintheprocess.JustthinkofJaneEyre,LukeSkywalkerorGilgamesh.Welovetheseplotsinthenovelsweread,thefilmswewatchandthevideogamesweplay.Buttheprinciplesofagoodstoryoffermuchmorethanentertainment.Recentresearchshowsthatthenarrativeswetellourselvesaboutourlivescanpowerfullyshapeourresiliencetostress.Peoplewhogeneratetalesofstruggleandredemptionfromtheirownlivesappeartohavemuchbettermentalhealth.Youcoulddescribethisastheflawedheroeffect.Betteryet,psychologistshavefoundthatspinningourmemoriesintoawell-toldlifenarrative,andviewingourfutureasanextensionofthisstory,canhelpusachieveouraspirationsforself-improvement.Andifyouwanttoturnoveranewleaf,ithelpstochooseasignificantdatethatsignalsthestartofanew“chapter”.Contrarytopopularscepticism,resolutionsmadeon1Januaryaremoreeffectiveforthisreason.So,whetheryourgoalissavingmoney,studyingforexams,quittingsmokingorgettingfit,thereisnobettertimetostart.Youjustneedtoknowhowtoharnessthepowerofself-narrativetoboostyourwillpower,improveyourwell-beingandcreateabetteryou.Theoriginalprotagonistintheburgeoningfieldofnarrativepsychology…讀后強化訓練I.單句語法填空1.Thenewdrughasgreatsignificance(significant)forthetreatmentofthedisease.2.Ishouldpointoutthatnotoneofthesepaintingsisoriginal(origin).3.Theentertainment(entertain)wasgoodcleanfunforthewholefamily.4.Sherefusestoallowherfamilytohelpherasamatterofprinciple(原則).5.TheKingmayturnoversomeofhisofficialpoststohisson.II.閱讀理解1.Whyarepeoplewhonarratetheirownlifestorieshealthiermentally?A.Theyarereadytohelpothers.B.Theyworkmoreseriously.C.Theyaremoreresistanttopressure.D.Theyaremoreskilledatplayinggames.【答案】C【解析】細節(jié)理解題。根據文章第二段Recentresearchshowsthatthenarrativeswetellourselvesaboutourlivescanpowerfullyshapeourresiliencetostress可知，自敘生活故事的人可以有力地塑造自己的抗壓能力，所以心理會更加健康。故選C項。2.Whichofthefollowingisnotachievablebyself-narration?A.Improvehappinessindex.B.Keepfit.C.Strengthenwillpower.D.Createyourself.【答案】B【解析】細節(jié)理解題。根據文章第三段Youjustneedtoknowhowtoharnessthepowerofself-narrativetoboostyourwillpower,improveyourwell-beingandcreateabetteryou內容可知，自我敘述不能夠達到保持身體健康的效果。故選B項。3.Whatistheauthor'sattitudetowardspeoplewhoaregoodatnarrating?A.Supportive.B.Opposed.C.Curious.D.Subjective.【答案】A【解析】觀點態(tài)度題。綜合全文內容可知，作者講述了善于自我敘述故事的人的很多優(yōu)點，是支持人們在生活中恰當?shù)財⑹鲎晕业?。故選A項。詞匯積累Ⅰ.核心詞匯1.challengen.挑戰(zhàn)2.principlen.道德原則；行為準則3.entertainmentn.娛樂活動；招待；娛樂4.generatev.生成；產生；引起5.significantadj.重要的，有重大意義的6.quitv.退出；戒掉；停止7.originaladj.起初的；原來的Ⅱ.核心短語1.pushthemdown把他們推倒2.appearto看起來像3.viewas視為；視作4.turnover翻轉5.contraryto與……相反Ш.拓展詞匯1.relatableadj.有關系的2.prevailv.流行；盛行3.resiliencen.恢復力；彈力4.scepticismn.懷疑態(tài)度金句賞析1.Recentresearchshowsthatthenarrativeswetellourselvesaboutourlivescanpowerfullyshapeourresiliencetostress.【句意】最近的研究表明，我們告訴自己的生活故事可以有力地塑造我們的抗壓能力?！揪涫狡饰觥烤渥又鞲桑篟ecentresearchshowsthat...賞析：①thatthenarratives...canpowerfullyshapeourresiliencetostress是that引導的賓語從句，與動詞show構成動賓關系；②wetellourselvesaboutourlives是省略了關系代詞that或which的定語從句，先行詞是narratives，其在從句中充當賓語。2.Betteryet,psychologistshavefoundthatspinningourmemoriesintoawell-toldlifenarrative,andviewingourfutureasanextensionofthisstory,canhelpusachieveouraspirationsforself-improvement.【句意】更妙的是，心理學家發(fā)現(xiàn)，將我們的記憶編織成一個講述得很好的生活故事，并將我們的未來視為這個故事的延伸，可以幫助我們實現(xiàn)自我完善的愿望。【句式剖析】句子主干：...psychologistshavefoundthat...賞析：①Betteryet作狀語，that...canhelpusachieveouraspirations...是that引導的賓語從句，與found構成動賓關系；②動名詞短語spinningourmemoriesintoawell-toldlifenarrative與viewingourfutureasanextensionofthisstory構成并列關系，共同做從句中的主語；③helpusachieve是help的復合結構，即“help+sb.+dosth.”，“幫助某人做某事”的意思。參考譯文Everyoneknowswhatmakesagoodstory.Ourherostartstheirjourneyasaflawedbutrelatablebeingwithapersonalgoal.Insceneafterscene,theyfacechallengesandsetbacksthatpushthemdownnewpaths.Bytheendofthetale,theyhaveprevailedandbecomeabetterpersonintheprocess.JustthinkofJaneEyre,LukeSkywalkerorGilgamesh.每個人都知道什么是好故事。我們的英雄以一個有缺陷但與個人目標相關的人開始他們的旅程。在一幕又一幕的場景中，他們面臨著挑戰(zhàn)和挫折，這些挑戰(zhàn)和挫折將他們推向了新的道路。到故事結束時，他們已經占了上風，并在這個過程中成為了一個更好的人。想想簡·愛、盧克·天行者或吉爾伽美什。Welovetheseplotsinthenovelsweread,thefilmswewatchandthevideogamesweplay.Buttheprinciplesofagoodstoryoffermuchmorethanentertainment.Recentresearchshowsthatthenarrativeswetellourselvesaboutourlivescanpowerfullyshapeourresiliencetostress.Peoplewhogeneratetalesofstruggleandredemptionfromtheirownlivesappeartohavemuchbettermentalhealth.Youcoulddescribethisastheflawedheroeffect.我們喜歡我們讀的小說、看的電影和玩的電子游戲中的這些情節(jié)。但一個好故事的原則不僅僅是娛樂。最近的研究表明，我們告訴自己的生活故事可以有力地塑造我們的抗壓能力。那些通過自己的生活講述奮斗和救贖故事的人，心理健康狀況似乎要好得多。你可以把這描述為有缺陷的英雄效應。Betteryet,psychologistshavefoundthatspinningourmemoriesintoawell-toldlifenarrative,andviewingourfutureasanextensionofthisstory,canhelpusachieveouraspirationsforself-improvement.Andifyouwanttoturnoveranewleaf,ithelpstochooseasignificantdatethatsignalsthestartofanew“chapter”.Contrar