2021-2022年牛津版深圳七年級(jí)下學(xué)期英語(yǔ)期末復(fù)習(xí)：閱讀理解（解析版）

閱讀理解

技巧點(diǎn)撥

閱讀理解題型通常可以分為四種：細(xì)節(jié)理解、詞義（組）豬測(cè)、推理判斷、主旨（段落）大意及標(biāo)題

歸納，下面讓我們一起來(lái)看看這幾類題型。

一、細(xì)節(jié)理解題

1.細(xì)節(jié)理解題占閱讀理解的比例很大，閱讀時(shí)要特別注意以下幾點(diǎn)：

（1）閱讀時(shí)，必須以原文提供的事實(shí)、細(xì)節(jié)和邏輯關(guān)系為依據(jù)，切忌把自己的觀點(diǎn)和看法與原文或作

者的觀點(diǎn)、看法混為一談。

（2）文章中的數(shù)字、日期、時(shí)間都是設(shè)題的重點(diǎn)，此類題目很少是文章中表層出現(xiàn)的數(shù)字或日期，通

常需要做簡(jiǎn)單的計(jì)算。

2.解題方法：

（1）跳讀查找法：這個(gè)方法的要點(diǎn)在于先看題干，帶著問(wèn)題讀文章。以what,who,where,when,why,how

提問(wèn)的問(wèn)題，可以從文章中直接找到答案。做這類題時(shí)可以邊讀邊做記號(hào)，能加強(qiáng)閱讀的針對(duì)性，提高做

題的準(zhǔn)確率，節(jié)省寶貴的時(shí)間。

（2）排除法：排序題也屬于細(xì)節(jié)理解題的一種題型，它通常出現(xiàn)在說(shuō)明文中。這類文章有明顯的信息

詞，如first,tobeginwith,afterthat,afterwards,later,next,second,third,then,finally按照信息詞的提示閱讀，可

以加快理解的進(jìn)程。在做細(xì)節(jié)排序題時(shí)，首先要確定首或尾的答案，通常四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中會(huì)有兩個(gè)選項(xiàng)的順序

類似，正確答案往往在這兩個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選擇。我們只需找到兩者的不同之處，回到原文，進(jìn)行核對(duì)，一旦確

定，后面的排序就不用再比較了。

（3）簡(jiǎn)單計(jì)算法：數(shù)字計(jì)算題也是細(xì)節(jié)理解題的一種，要求對(duì)文章中提到的數(shù)據(jù)進(jìn)行簡(jiǎn)單的加減乘除

運(yùn)算，以便得出符合題目要求的數(shù)據(jù)。解答這類題目時(shí)，首先要弄清題干的要求是什么，然后找到與它相

關(guān)的數(shù)字，再對(duì)它們進(jìn)行分析、整合，最后計(jì)算出正確答案。

二、推理判斷題

1.題型特點(diǎn)：這種題型要求考生盡量考慮文章中全部信息和事實(shí)，在通篇理解文章的基礎(chǔ)上，嚴(yán)格按照

作者提供的信息推斷出作者的言外之意。

2.解題思路：推理和判斷兩者密不可分。推理是為了判斷，判斷依賴于推理。推理判斷題要求根據(jù)原文，

經(jīng)過(guò)推理，進(jìn)行判斷，從而得出結(jié)論，所以推理判斷題的答案不能在文中直接找出。但是，推理中考總復(fù)

習(xí)x時(shí)務(wù)必要忠實(shí)于原文，在文章中尋找可推論的依據(jù)，切忌妄加評(píng)論，把自己的觀點(diǎn)當(dāng)成作者的觀點(diǎn)。

3.正確選項(xiàng)的特點(diǎn)：

（1）正確答案一般含義比較豐富，具有一定的綜合性和概括性；

（2）正確答案的表述一般不會(huì)太絕對(duì)，而會(huì)用一些相對(duì)能夠留下一些余地的詞匯，如often,usually,

sometimes,some,may,might,can,could,possibly,probably等；

（3）正確答案有的時(shí)候反而是與通過(guò)常識(shí)判斷得出的結(jié)論相反，要特別注意。

4.干擾選項(xiàng)的特點(diǎn)：

（1）只是原文的簡(jiǎn)單復(fù)述，而非推斷出的結(jié)論；【事實(shí)重現(xiàn)（不是推理出來(lái)的）】

（2）看似從原文推斷出來(lái)的結(jié)論，然而實(shí)際上與原文不符；【偷梁換柱】

（3）雖然以文章提供的事實(shí)或內(nèi)在邏輯為推理依據(jù)，但推理過(guò)頭、概括過(guò)度；【以偏概全】

（4）有部分選項(xiàng)的內(nèi)容純屬編造?！緹o(wú)中生有】

三、詞義（組）猜測(cè)

1.考生應(yīng)該緊扣原文，根據(jù)上下文的語(yǔ)境進(jìn)行合理判斷，既不要望文生義，也不要斷章取義，更不能只

選擇自己認(rèn)識(shí)或熟悉的意思。干擾項(xiàng)出現(xiàn)的錯(cuò)誤選項(xiàng)一般多是學(xué)生比較熟悉、想當(dāng)然的詞典意義，或者適

應(yīng)學(xué)生習(xí)慣的漢語(yǔ)思維方式；而正確的含義往往不只是詞典上的，而是要通過(guò)上下文內(nèi)容的提示才能確定

的。

2.解這類題時(shí)應(yīng)注意以下幾點(diǎn)：

（1）注意一些過(guò)渡詞語(yǔ)，如thatis,thisis,inotherwords等，它們直接引出了同義解釋；

（2）注意連接詞及被猜測(cè)的詞前后的因果、讓步、遞進(jìn)、轉(zhuǎn)折、列舉及承上啟下等各種連接上下文的

特殊功能。

（3）注意同義詞、近義詞、反義詞、定語(yǔ)從句，以及相似或相反的結(jié)構(gòu)等。

（4）對(duì)于句中首字母或全部是大寫的單詞，應(yīng)該猜出可能是專有名詞（人名、地名、組織等），因此

拼讀有時(shí)是最合適的方法。

四、主旨（段落）大意題及標(biāo)題歸納題

1.題型特點(diǎn)：解答這類題時(shí)，不能只憑文中的只言片語(yǔ)而斷章取義。在涉及文章的主題（mainidea）、結(jié)

論（conclusion）、結(jié)局（ending）等有關(guān)問(wèn)題時(shí)，需要在細(xì)讀全文的基礎(chǔ)上，結(jié)合所學(xué)語(yǔ)言知識(shí)、背景知識(shí)、

生活常識(shí)等進(jìn)行邏輯推理和判斷，從而挖掘出文章中隱含的信息。

2.解題技巧：

（1）看文章首尾和各段開(kāi)頭找出主題句，或通過(guò)瀏覽全文，抓住關(guān)鍵字眼，把握主旨。

（2）通過(guò)分析篇章結(jié)構(gòu)找出每一小段的主題句，然后通過(guò)尋找共同點(diǎn)，找出整個(gè)文章的主題句。

（3）標(biāo)題歸納題型也屬于主旨大意題，文章的標(biāo)題具有概括性的特點(diǎn)，故所選的標(biāo)題應(yīng)在最大程度上

覆蓋全文，囊括文章的主要內(nèi)容，體現(xiàn)文章的主題，切忌所選標(biāo)題以偏概全。

（4）這類題目需要對(duì)文章有整體性的把握，建議最后做。

［期末真題練

2020-2021學(xué)年廣東省廣州市越秀區(qū)七年級(jí)（下）期末英語(yǔ)試卷

三、閱讀（共兩節(jié)20小題，滿分30分）

第一節(jié)閱讀理解（共4小題；每小題8分，滿分30分）

閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D項(xiàng)中。

A

Thereoncewasalittleboywhohadabadtemper（脾氣）.Hisfathergavehimabagofnails（車丁子）andtold

himthateverytimehelosthistemper,hemusthammeranailintothewall.

Thefirstdaytheboyknocked17nailsintothewall.Thenheknockedtwofewernewonesthenextday.Overthe

nextfewweeks,whenhelearnedtocontrolhisanger,thenumberofnailsheknockedintothewallreduced.Hefound

itwaseasiertoholdhistemperthantoknockthosenailsintothewall.

Intheend,thedaycamewhentheboydidn'tlosehistemperatall.Hetoldhisfatheraboutitandthefatherasked

theboytopulloutonenailforeachdaythathewasabletoholdhistemper.Thedayspassedandtheyoungboywas

atlastabletotellhisfatherthathepulledallthenailsout.Thefathertookhissonbythehandandledhimtothewall.

Hesaid,“Welldone,butlookattheholesinthewall.Thewallwillneverbethesame.Whenyousaythingsinanger,

youhurtapersonwithyourwords.Nomatterhowmanytimesyousaysorry,thehurtisstillthereinhisheart.

Thelittleboythenunderstoodhowpowerfulhiswordswere.Helookedupathisfatherandsaid,amreally

sorryfortheholesIputinyouandothers.

41.Theunderlinedword"reduced“inParagraph2meansgetting.

A.betterB.worseC.largerD.smaller

42.Whatdidthefatherasktheboytodowhenhelosthistemper?

A.Tostopbeingangryatonce.B.Toknockanailintothewall.

C.Tolookattheholesinthewall.D.Topullanailoutfromthewall.

43.Howmanytimesdidtheboylosehistemperonthesecondday?

A.2.B.15.C.17.D.19.

44.Accordingtothestory,wecantellthatthefatheris.

A.smartB.strictC.proudD.polite

45.Whatdoesthestorywanttotellus?

A.Nailsareveryusefulforcontrollingone'stemper.

B.Knockingnailsandpullingnailsouttakealongtime.

C.SayingthingsinangerisHkeknockingnailsintoothers'heart.

D.Knockingnailsaremoredifficultthancontrollingone'stemper.

【答案】41.A42.B43.B44.A45.C

B

,,

Itisoftensaidthatdogsare"man'sbestfriends,ButforsomechildreninChina,thisideahasdeepermeanings.

WuQi,adogtrainerinShanghai,startedthePawforHeal(PFH)programinChinaabouteightyearsago.The

programtrainsdogstohelppeopleinneed.Theseanimalshelpelderlypeoplefeelrelaxed.Theyalsohelppeople

withmental(精神的)illnesses.

InShanghai,thedogshavebeentrainedtohelpkidswithautism(自閉癥).Theyareeasilyscaredbytheir

environments.ButwhenthePFHdogsarearound,theyfeelmuchsafer.

Petownerscantraintheirpetstobepartoftheprogram.Althoughthistrainingisdifficult(only20%ofdogsend

uppassingtheprogram),italsohelpsalotofpeople.

“She(mydog)makesmehappyeveryday,andIthinkshecanbringhappinesstootherpeopleinneedaswell,“

petownerWangRuisaidinareport.

TheprogramisnewtoChina,butWuhashighhopesforthefuture,asheisnowworkingtogetherwitha

Scottishuniversitytoimprovehisprogram."'ThroughlearningfromtheEuropeanteam,Chinamayshortenthetime

tocatchupwithothercountriesinthisfield.^^

46.WhatdoesthePFHprogramdo?

A.Ithelpssickdogs.B.Ittrainspetowners.

C.Ittrainsdogstohelppeopleinneed.D.Ittakescareofoldpeopleandchildren.

47.Accordingtothepassage,whocangethelpfromthePFHprogram?

A.Adogtrainer.B.Adoglover.C.Agirlwithautism.D.Aladywholostherwallet.

48.Fromthepassage,whatcanweknowaboutthePFHprogram?

A.Petownershavetogiveuptheirdogs.B.Dogscanpassitstrainingprogrameasily.

C.Dogscanbeclevereraftergettingtraining.D.Itisanewandgrowingprograminourcountry.

49.WhatdoesWuQithinkofthefutureofthePFHprogram?

A.Ithasnowaytogo.B.Ithasabrightfuture.

C.Itfacesalotofdifficulties.D.Itneedsmorepeoplejoiningin.

50.Whafsthebesttitleofthearticle?

A.FriendlyDogs.B.DogsSavingPeople.C.DogsCheeringYouup.D.DogsTraining.

【答案】46.C47.C48.D49.B50.C

C

Lifeislikeacompetition.Allpeoplearedifferentandhowwellyoucandosomethingisdifferenttoothers.Some

kidscandosomethingfasterorbetterthanotherkids.Thismeansthereare“winners"and"losers”,andlotsof

peoplearenotwinnersorlosersbutin-between.Youcanchoosetobeagoodwinneroranevenbetterloser.

Beinga"good"winner

Noonelikesapersonwhoalwaystellsotherswhatheisgoodat.

Noonelikessomeonewhotakesallthepraise（贊揚(yáng)）fortheeffortsofateam.

Noonelikesthemanwhoalwaysputsothersdowntomakehimselflookgood.

Tobeagoodwinneryouneedto:

?Thankthosewhohelpedyoufortheirefforts.

?Keeptryingtoimproveyourskills.

?Thinkaboutwhatyoushoulddonext.

Beinganevenbetterloser

Ofcourse,it'ssadtolose,especiallyifyouareclosetowinning.Beingangryorimpolitetootherswon'tchangethe

finalresultandwillonlymakeyoulookworse.Andnoonelikesit

Tobeanevenbetterloseryouneedto:

?Bepolite,niceandkind.

?Congratulatetheotherteam.

?Keepanynegative（消極的）thoughttoyourself-atleastuntilyouareawayfromthegame.

IfsOKtoletoutyournegativethoughtstoyourbestfriendorparentslater.Andifyoudon'tdoverywellina

game,tryhardertolearnforthenextone.Improvingyourselfmakesyouawinnertoo.

51.Whatdoesthewriterwanttotellusinparagraph1?

A.Itisimportanttowin.B.Youareawinnerorloser.

C.Beingslowmeansyouarealoser.D.Winningorlosingisnottheendofagame.

52.Accordingtothepassage,whatshouldwedoafterwiningandlosing?

A.Saythankyoutoothers.B.Trytoimproveourselves.

C.Bepolitetotheotherteam.D.Keepnegativethoughtstoourselves.

53.Whichofthefollowingwillthewritermostprobablyagreewith?

A.Agoodlosermakesagoodwinner.

B.Winningwon'tcometousifwedon'tgotoit.

C.Nothingisdifficulttothemanwhowantstowin.

D.Winningstartswithpracticeandlosingendswithit.

54.Whatisthepurposeofthepassage?

A.Tohelppeoplewintheircompetition.

B.Totellpeopletheimportanceofwinningandlosing.

C.Toaskpeopletofacewinningorlosinginarightway.

D.Toletpeopleunderstandthemeaningofwinningandlosing.

55.Wherecanwefindthisarticle?

A.Inanovel.B.Inastorybook.C.Inamagazine.D.Inasafetybook.

【答案】51.D52.B53.A54.C55.C

2020-2021學(xué)年廣東省廣州市海珠區(qū)七年級(jí)（下）期末英語(yǔ)試卷

三、閱讀（共兩節(jié)，滿分27分）

第一節(jié)閱讀理解（共11小題；每小題2分，滿分22分）

閱讀下列短文，從26?36各題所給的A、B、C和D項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。

（A）

ThinkofChinaandyou511probablythinkofhugecities.Butthecountryisalsohometoseveralcharmingsmall

places.Lefsexploresomeofthem.

Tongli

TongliisoneofJiangsu'scharmingwatertowns.Surroundedbyfivelakes,Tongliismadeupofsevenislands

with49bridgestogether.Sitonagondolaandseetheprettytownfromthewater,butmakesuretostopoffattheTuisi

YuantoenjoytheClassicalGardensofSuzhou.ThesewereaddedtotheUNESCOWorldHeritageListin2000.

Yangshuo

Yangshuoisatourist-friendlytownonthebanksoftheLiRiverinGuangxi.Itsmodernrestaurantsandstores

aremostlyinWestStreet,anditsoldestbuildingismorethan1,400yearsold.Amongthem,visitorswillfindplenty

oftraditionalbuildingsandplaces.EnjoysomeslowtravelandcatchaboatdowntheLiRiverfromGuilin.Ifssurely

themostenjoyablewaytoarriveinYangshuo.

GulangyuIsland

AsasmallislandnearXiamen,GulangyuisfamousforitsbeautifulVictorian-stylebuildings.HometoChina's

onlyPianoMuseum,thetown'sothermust-seelocalsightsincludethebeautifulShuzhuangGarden.Atthesametime,

youcanclimbupSunlightRockandenjoytheviewsoverthewholeisland.

Hongcun

Hongcun,anancientAnhuivillage,liesinthefoothillsofHuangshanMountain.ItishometosomeofChina's

finestbuildingsoftheMingandQingDynasties,andtheOscar-winningfilmCrouchingTiger,HiddenDragonwas

oncefilmedinthevillage.ThevillagewithneighboringXidi,waslistedasaUNESCOWorldHeritageSitein2000.

ThelocalsightsincludeChengziHall,alargehomebuiltin1855,andnowactsasamuseum,whichisopento

visitors.

26.Howmanycharmingplacesarementionedinthispassage?

A.Three.B.Four.C.Two.D.One.

27.PeoplecanenjoythescenesofintheOscar-winningfilm.

A.GulangyuIslandB.TongliC.YangshuoD.Hongcun

28.WhichofthefollowingplacesareaddedtotheUNESCOWorldHeritageListin2000?

A.HongcunandTongli.B.YangshuoandTongli.

C.GulangyuIslandandYangshuo.D.GulangyuIslandandTongli.

29.WhatcanyoudoifyouvisitGulangyuIsland?

①VisitPianoMuseum.

②VisitChengziHall.

③HaveamealinWestStreet.

④EnjoytheClassicalGardensofSuzhou.

⑤EnjoythebeautifulVictorian-stylebuildings.

⑥EnjoytheviewsoverthewholeislandonSunlightRock.

A.①③⑥B.②④⑤C.①③⑤D.①⑤⑥

【答案】26.B27.D28.A29.D

(B)

Treesproduceoxygenforalllivingthings.Treeshelptocleantheair,soilandwater,makingtheEartha

beautifullivableplace.Ifstimetosavetreesandprotectforests.

Savingtreesaroundyou

Everytownandcityhaslawsaboutprotectingtrees,andtellpeoplewhichtreespeciesneedprotectingandwhen

andhowit'sOKtocutdowntrees.Insomeareas,rareorverybeneficialtreesareprotectedbylaw.Knowingthelaws

inyourareawillhelpyoubetterprotectthetreesthere.

Takepartintreeplantation

Asimportantasitistoprotectgrown-uptrees,it'salsonecessarytothinkaheadandplantnewtrees.Theywill

finallygettallenoughtocleantheairandhelpkeeptemperaturescool.Manytownsandcitieshaveorganizations

workingtoplanttrees.

Ifyourtownorcitydoesn'thaveanorganizationlikethat,whynotstartoneyourself?Treebytree,youcan

makeadifference.

Reducepaperuse

Ifsimportanttostartseeingtheconnectionbetweenthetreesyouloveandtheproductsyouuse.Ifyou'recrazy

aboutsavingtrees,lookforwaystousefewerpaperproductsinyourdailylife:

?Useclothtowelsinsteadofpapertowels.Ifsasimplechangethatcanreducealotofunnecessarywaste.

?Usereusablecontainersinsteadofpaperlunchbags.

?Ifyoumustuseapaperproduct,alwaysbuytherecycledone.Choosethepaperlesswaysforbills.Thissimple

changewillmakeyourlifebetterandreducethenumberofdeadtrees.

30Whatdoestheunderlineword"They"inparagraph3refertointhepassage?

A.Grown-uptrees.B.Raretrees.C.Verybeneficialtrees.D.Newtrees.

31.Whatisthecorrectwaytosavetrees?

A.Choosingpaperbills.B.Usingrecycledpaperproducts.

C.Nevercuttingdowntrees.D.Usingpaperlunchbags.

32.Inwhichsectionofnewspaperwillyouprobablyreadthisarticle?

A.EnvironmentB.EducationC.FashionD.Travel

33.Whatisthemainpurposeofthepassage?

A.Toaskpeopletosavetrees.B.Toaskpeopletoplantmoretrees.

C.Toaskpeoplenottocutdowntrees.D.Toaskpeopletousefewerpaperproducts.

【答案】30.D31.B32.A33.A

(C)

ChinesescientistYuanLongping,widelyknownfordevelopingthefirsthybridricestrain（雜交水稻品種）,died

ofillnessonSaturday,May22,2021.

ThetopricescientistinChinapassedawayinahospitalinChangsha,capitalofHunanProvince,atabout1p.m.,

accordingtothenewsreport.

Havingspentoverfiftyyearsinhybridriceresearch,YuanLongpinghashelpedChinaworkagreat

wonder-feedingnearlyone-fifthoftheworld'spopulationwithlessthan9percentoftheworld'stotalland.

BominBeijingin1930,Yuansucceededingrowingtheworld'sfirsthybridricestrainin1973.Itwaslater

grownonalargescaleinChinaandothercountriestogreatlyincreaseproduction,anditpulledcountlesspeopleout

ofhunger.

Forthenextfortyyears,hecontinuedtoresearchandupgradehybridrice,whichhasreacheditsthirdgeneration.

Untilearlythisyear,hehadbeendoingresearchinHainan.

Yuanoncesaidhehadtwodreams一to"enjoythecoolunderth