【高考復(fù)習(xí)指導(dǎo)】2021屆高考英語(yǔ)二輪復(fù)習(xí)課堂講練-專(zhuān)題十三-特殊句式-強(qiáng)調(diào)句型-替代-倒裝-

專(zhuān)題十三特殊句式(強(qiáng)調(diào)句型、替代、倒裝句、主謂全都、并列句、祈使句)1.(2022·北京卷)Someanimalscarryseedsfromoneplacetoanother,________plantscanspreadtonewplaces.A.soB.orC.forD.but2.(2022·福建卷)Itwastheculture,ratherthanthelanguage,________madeithardforhimtoadapttothenewenvironmentabroad.A.whereB.whyC.thatD.what3.(2022·四川卷)WasitbecauseJackcamelateforschool________MrSmithgotangry?A.whyB.whoC.whereD.that4.(2022·天津卷)Givemeachance,________I'llgiveyouawonderfulsurprise.A.ifB.orC.andD.while5.(2022·大綱卷)________metomorrowandI'llletyouknowthelabresult.A.CallingB.CallC.TocallD.Havingcalled6.(2022·湖南卷)Onlywhenyoucanfindpeaceinyourheart________goodrelationshipswithothers.A.willyoukeepB.youwillkeepC.youkeptD.didyoukeep7.(2022·湖南卷)________whatyou'redoingtodayimportant,becauseyou'retradingadayofyourlifeforit.A.MakeB.TomakeC.MakingD.Made8.(2022·湖南卷)Allweneed________asmallpieceoflandwherewecanplantvariouskindsoffruittreesthroughoutthegrowingseasonsoftheyear.A.areB.wasC.isD.were9.(2022·陜西卷)Nosooner________steppedonthestagethantheaudiencebrokeintothunderousapplause.A.hadMoYanB.MoYanhadC.hasMoYanD.MoYanhas10.(2022·重慶卷)—IspenttwoweeksinLondonlastsummer.—ThenyoumusthavevisitedtheBritishMuseumduringyourstay,________you?A.mustn'tB.haven'tC.didn'tD.hadn't1.【答案】A【解析】句意：一些動(dòng)物把種子從一個(gè)地方帶到另外一個(gè)地方，于是植物就傳播到了新的地方生長(zhǎng)了。上下句之間是因果關(guān)系。so意為“于是，因此(強(qiáng)調(diào)上下文因果關(guān)系)”；or(或者)；for意為“由于，由于(起補(bǔ)充說(shuō)明作用)”；but意為“但是(表示轉(zhuǎn)折)”。2.【答案】C【解析】句意：是文化而不是語(yǔ)言讓他很難適應(yīng)國(guó)外新的環(huán)境。本題是一個(gè)強(qiáng)調(diào)句型，強(qiáng)調(diào)的是句子的主語(yǔ)theculture,ratherthanthelanguage。強(qiáng)調(diào)句型的基本結(jié)構(gòu)是：Itis/was＋被強(qiáng)調(diào)成分＋that/who＋其他成分。檢驗(yàn)方法是把Itis/was與that/who去掉，句子仍舊成立的就是強(qiáng)調(diào)句型。3.【答案】D【解析】句意：是不是由于Jack上學(xué)遲到了MrSmith才很生氣的？本題是一個(gè)強(qiáng)調(diào)句型，強(qiáng)調(diào)的是句子的緣由狀語(yǔ)becauseJackcamelateforschool。4.【答案】C【解析】句意：給我一個(gè)機(jī)會(huì)，我就會(huì)給你一個(gè)驚喜。本題考查的是“祈使句＋連詞＋陳述句”的特殊句式。本句相當(dāng)于：Ifyougivemeachance,I'llgiveyouawonderfulsurprise.5.【答案】B【解析】句意：明天給我打電話(huà)，我就讓你知道試驗(yàn)結(jié)果。本題考查的是“祈使句＋連詞＋陳述句”的固定句式。本句相當(dāng)于：Ifyoucallmetomorrow,Iwillletyouknowthelabresult.6.【答案】A【解析】句意：只有當(dāng)你取得內(nèi)心的清靜，才能保持同他人的良好關(guān)系。當(dāng)only放在句首，且強(qiáng)調(diào)的是狀語(yǔ)的時(shí)候，需要使用部分倒裝的形式。另外本句無(wú)過(guò)去信息，D項(xiàng)時(shí)態(tài)錯(cuò)誤。7.【答案】A【解析】連詞because后面引導(dǎo)的是一個(gè)緣由狀語(yǔ)從句，說(shuō)明前面是主句。B、C、D三項(xiàng)不能形成一個(gè)獨(dú)立的句子，只有A項(xiàng)放在句首，形成一個(gè)祈使句，故A項(xiàng)正確。8.【答案】C【解析】句意：我們需要的是一小片土地，在一年中的生長(zhǎng)季節(jié)里，我們可以在那里種植各種水果樹(shù)。本題考查的是主謂全都。本句中的表語(yǔ)是一個(gè)短語(yǔ)asmallpieceofland，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞應(yīng)當(dāng)和量詞piece保持全都，故使用單數(shù)形式，同時(shí)句中也沒(méi)有消滅過(guò)去時(shí)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)。故C項(xiàng)正確。9.【答案】A【解析】句意：莫言一上舞臺(tái)，觀眾就爆發(fā)出雷鳴般的掌聲。本題考查倒裝句。否定連詞放句首，句子部分倒裝，不選B、D兩項(xiàng)；表達(dá)的規(guī)律是先登臺(tái)再鼓掌，因此排解C項(xiàng)。10.【答案】C【解析】句意：——我去年夏天在倫敦待了兩個(gè)星期?！敲茨憧隙ㄔ谀堑亩毫羝陂g參觀了大英博物館，是嗎？本題考查反意疑問(wèn)句。前句表對(duì)過(guò)去事情的猜想，反意疑問(wèn)部分與情態(tài)動(dòng)詞無(wú)關(guān)，排解A項(xiàng)；由“duringyourstay”可知是過(guò)去時(shí)，所以反意疑問(wèn)部分應(yīng)用過(guò)去時(shí)的助動(dòng)詞did，故選C項(xiàng)。從近年來(lái)的高考試題分析可知，特殊句式考查的綜合性和情景性越來(lái)越強(qiáng)，內(nèi)容也比較接近現(xiàn)實(shí)生活。部分倒裝仍舊是考查的主體；強(qiáng)調(diào)句型主要側(cè)重其基本句型；省略句主要與非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞一并考核；祈使句更是考查熱點(diǎn)。要點(diǎn)儲(chǔ)備一：倒裝句種類(lèi)倒裝條件例句完全倒裝here,there,now,then,up,down,in,out,off,away等副詞開(kāi)頭的句子表示強(qiáng)調(diào)(主語(yǔ)必需是名詞)結(jié)構(gòu)為：adv.＋謂語(yǔ)＋名詞區(qū)分：adv.＋代詞＋謂語(yǔ)Outrushedthechildren.區(qū)分：Outtheyrushed.Underthetablesleepsafatcat.Herecomesthebus.＝Thebusiscominghere.表示地點(diǎn)的介詞短語(yǔ)作狀語(yǔ)位于句首Underthetreestoodtwotablesandfourchairs.留意：以上兩類(lèi)完全倒裝謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)為一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)(表一般將來(lái)時(shí))或一般過(guò)去時(shí)強(qiáng)調(diào)表語(yǔ)，置于句首，或?yàn)楸３志渥悠胶?，句子倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)為：adj./v．－ing/v.－ed/介詞短語(yǔ)＋連系動(dòng)詞＋主語(yǔ)Presentatthemeetingwere1，000students.Attendingthemeetingwere1,000students.GonearethedayswhenweChineseusedforeignoil.部分倒裝never,hardly,scarcely,seldom,little,not,innocase，undernocircumstances，onnoaccount,innoway,onnocondition,bynomeans,atnotime,nolonger等表示否定意義的副詞或介詞短語(yǔ)放于句首；Hardly/Scarcely...when/before...＝Nosooner...than...用過(guò)去完成時(shí)，主句倒裝HardlydidIknowwhathadhappened.Hesaidthatinnocasewouldhegiveup.Hardlyhadthefootballgamebegunwhenitstartedraining.＝Nosoonerhadthefootballgamebegunthanitstartedraining.only和修飾狀語(yǔ)放于句首時(shí)★only強(qiáng)調(diào)主語(yǔ)時(shí)不倒裝OnlythendidherealizetheimportanceofEnglish.Onlyhehaspassedthejobinterview.notonly...butalso連接并列的句子，前倒后不倒notonly...butalso連接并列的主語(yǔ)時(shí)，句子不倒裝notuntil引導(dǎo)的狀語(yǔ)從句放句首時(shí)，主倒從不倒neither...nor...連接并列的句子，前倒后也倒★neither...nor...連接并列的主語(yǔ)時(shí)，不倒裝NotonlydoesheknowFrench,butalsoheisexpertatit.Notonlyhebutalsohisstudentsaregoingtotheconcert.Notuntilhefinishedhisworkdidhegotosleep.NeitherdoIknowit,nordoIcareaboutit.Neitherhisparentsnorheknowstheresult.so...that,such...that中的so或such及修飾的成分放于句首時(shí)，前倒后不倒Sobusyishethathecannotgoonaholiday.Suchafinedayisitthatwefeellikeplayingoutside.so,as,neither,nor或nomore表示前句內(nèi)容也適用于另外的人或事，意為“某人也如此”區(qū)分以下三種結(jié)構(gòu)：...,sohe/she/I/they/...＋助動(dòng)詞，意為“某人的確如此”...andhe/she/...didso，意為“他/她/……就照著囑咐/期望/……做了”ItisthesamewithB＝SoitiswithB(某人也如此)適用于前面消滅不同主語(yǔ)、不同時(shí)態(tài)、不同類(lèi)動(dòng)詞時(shí)Hecanplaythepiano.SocanI.＝HecanplaythepianoandsocanI.＝Hecanplaythepiano,ascanI．Ifhedoesn'tgototheparty,neither/norwill/shallI．Yousayheisadoctorandsoheis.Mumwantedhimtocleanthefloorandhedidso.HewasbornintheUSandnowworksinChina.Soitiswithhiswife./Itisthesamewithhiswife.as/though引導(dǎo)的讓步狀語(yǔ)：adv./adj./n./v./v.－ed＋as/though＋從句余下部分，主句★主從句主謂沒(méi)有倒裝，只是從句某成分移至從句句首了Childasheis,hehaslearnedalot.Prettyassheis,sheisnotclever.MuchasIlikethewatch,Ican'taffordit.Tryashemight,hewouldn'tsatisfyhisboss.在含有were,had,should的虛擬條件句中，可省略if并同時(shí)將were,had,should移至從句句首，構(gòu)成倒裝省略WereIyou＝IfIwereyou,Iwouldnotdoitinthisway.HadIattendedthemeeting,Iwouldhaveseenhim.Shoulditraintomorrow,Iwouldnotgothere.用于表示祝愿的祈使句中：adv.＋謂語(yǔ)＋主語(yǔ)！May＋主語(yǔ)＋動(dòng)詞原形！Longlivethespiritofthepeople'shero！Mayyoubeingoodhealth！要點(diǎn)儲(chǔ)備二：省略結(jié)構(gòu)1do,does,did可代替動(dòng)詞以避開(kāi)重復(fù)；do,does,did也可用在一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)或過(guò)去時(shí)或祈使句中，表對(duì)謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的強(qiáng)調(diào)ShespeaksEnglishbetterthanhe(does).—ShallIinviteTomtotheparty?—Yes,itwillbeniceifyoudo.Hedidsayhewouldcometopartytonight.2用so或not替代以避開(kāi)重復(fù)：so＝一個(gè)單詞，短語(yǔ)或句子；not＝一個(gè)含有否定意義的句子常用此結(jié)構(gòu)的動(dòng)詞(短語(yǔ))有：hope,think,guess,believe,tell,fear,expect,suppose,imagine,besure,beafraidIdon'tthink/suppose/...so.＝Ithink/suppose/...not.但只能用：Ihope/guessnot.I'mafraidnot.—Willhecometomyparty？—Iexpectso.(—Idon'texpectso./Iexpectnot.)—Willitbefinetomorrow?—Yes,Ihope/guessso.(—No,Ihope/guessnot.)3用to代替不定式以免重復(fù)。常用此結(jié)構(gòu)的有：(1)refuse,want,seem,mean,intend,expect,hope,fail,wouldlike,wish(2)be＋adj.(glad,happy,pleased,anxious,willing,ready)(3)have,need,ought,beable,begoing,used(4)ask/tell/advise/persuade/wish/permit/allowsb.todosth.(5)不定式否定式后，保留to★不定式中含有被動(dòng)式、完成式時(shí)省略至tobe,tohave,tohavebeenWeinvitedhimtotheparty,butherefusedto.—Willyoujoinourdiscussion?—Yes,I'dliketo.Ididn'twanttogothere,butIhadto.Weshoulddoeverythingthatweoughtto.Don'ttouchanythingunlessyou'reallowedto.Chinaisnolongerwhatitusedtobe.—Youshouldhavefinishedyourwork.—Sorry,IknowIoughttohave./—Sorry,Iknowitoughttohavebeen.IsawhimridinghisbikeintheparkandItoldhimnotto.要點(diǎn)儲(chǔ)備三：并列句并列句分句＋and＋分句(表遞進(jìn))Comeearliertomorrowandyou'llseehim.分句＋or＋分句(表選擇或讓步)Hurryup,oryou'llbelatefortheflight.分句＋but/yet/while＋分句(表轉(zhuǎn)折、對(duì)比)Sheisseriouslyill,but/yetshedoesn'tgiveuphope.Heisworkinghard,whilehisbrotherisverylazy.分句＋for/so＋分句(表因果)Heisagoodteacher,soheispopularwithstudents.“祈使句/名詞＋and＋分句”是高考的熱點(diǎn)OnemorehourandI'llgettheworkdone.要點(diǎn)儲(chǔ)備四：主謂全都用and連接表同一個(gè)人、同一事物、同一概念時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)用單數(shù)AllworkandnoplaymakesJackadullboy.動(dòng)名詞、不定式和從句作主語(yǔ)，謂語(yǔ)用單數(shù)Educatinggirlsisveryimportant.allof.../mostof.../someof.../halfof.../partof.../therestof.../百分?jǐn)?shù)/分?jǐn)?shù)詞＋n.后的謂語(yǔ)用單數(shù)或復(fù)數(shù)取決于所修飾的名詞Allofthebookshavebeensoldout.Fortypercentoftheworkhasbeendone.team/band/class/family/public/population/government/committee等集體名詞作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，需依據(jù)其所表示的意思來(lái)確定謂語(yǔ)的單復(fù)數(shù)形式Thefamilyismadeupoffivemembers.ThefamilyarewatchingTV.“the＋rich/poor/old/young/wounded/dead/living/...”表人，謂語(yǔ)用復(fù)數(shù)形式“the＋true/good/beautiful/possible/impossible/old/new/...”表物，謂語(yǔ)用單數(shù)形式Theoldareeasilytakenin.Thenewistotaketheplaceoftheold.manya＋n.,morethanone＋n.，each/every/no＋n.＋(each/every/no)＋n.，接單數(shù)謂語(yǔ)Manyastudenthasseenthefilm.Eachgirlandeachboyhasabook.anumber/varietyof...＋復(fù)數(shù)謂語(yǔ)thenumber/varietyof...＋單數(shù)謂語(yǔ)Anumberofstudentsarefondofthebook.Thenumberofstudentsinourclassis50.quantitiesof＋單數(shù)名詞/復(fù)數(shù)名詞＋復(fù)數(shù)謂語(yǔ)aquantityof＋單數(shù)名詞＋單數(shù)謂語(yǔ)aquantityof＋復(fù)數(shù)名詞＋單數(shù)謂語(yǔ)/復(fù)數(shù)謂語(yǔ)Largequantitiesofwaterarebadlypolluted.Alargequantityofwaterisbadlypolluted.就近原則：either...or...，notonly...butalso，not...but，neither...nor...，therebeNeitherhenoryouareright.NotonlyhebutalsoIamright.就遠(yuǎn)原則：aswellas，with,alongwith,togetherwith,suchas/like,ratherthan,besides,including,but,except等，句中謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞與主語(yǔ)全都HeaswellasIisabsentfromthemeeting.Theofficer,ratherthantheothersanswersforit.Bookssuchasthisareusefulforthebeginners.Mary,(along)withherfriendsoftengoesbroad.NotAbutB的句中，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞與B全都Nobody/NoonebutB的句中，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)NotIbutTomandJackareright.NobodybutTomandJackisright.關(guān)系代詞在定語(yǔ)從句中作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，從句中謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的數(shù)與先行詞全都TheforeignerswhoworkinourcompanyarefromCanada.重點(diǎn)突破要真正理解，切莫機(jī)械記憶，留意學(xué)問(wèn)間的交叉。把握強(qiáng)調(diào)句的基本形式及其變式，并能在長(zhǎng)句中正確識(shí)別，以不變應(yīng)萬(wàn)變，生疏各種倒裝句式，留意句子中主謂全都、時(shí)態(tài)全都及人稱(chēng)全都等問(wèn)題。1.Foramomentnothinghappened;then________fromtheexcitedaudience.A.cheerscameB.didcheerscomeC.cheerswouldcomeD.camecheers2.—He'smade________progressthathisparentsmustbepleasedwithhim.—________．A.somuch;SohehasB.suchmuch;SohasheC.somuch;SohasheD.suchmuch;Sohehas3.Wasit________shesaidorsomethingthatshedid________youwereangryatsomuch?A.what;thatB.that；whichC.that;whatD.what;which4.Betough－minded,buttender－h(huán)earted,________？A.isn'titB.areyouC.aren'tyouD.willyou5.________onthetopofthemountainisanancienttowerdatingbacktohundredsofyearsago.A.TostandB.HavingstoodC.StandingD.Stand6.Hetoldmehisstoryinprivate,________nobodyelseknewwhathadhappenedtohim.A.butB.soC.whileD.or7.Thedoorburstopenand________，shoutingwithanger.A.rushedinacrowdB.inacrowdrushedC.acrowdinrushedD.inrushedacrowd8.Agianthelium(氦)balloonistellingresidentsofParishowgoodorbadtheairqualityis.Whenit'sgood,theballoon—measuring22meterswideand32metershigh—shinesgreen.________，it'sred.A.ThoughterribleB.WhenevergoodC.IfworseD.Whenbad9.________wastoblame.A.TheparentsaswellastheirchildB.NottheparentsbuttheirchildC.NeitherthechildnorhisparentsD.Boththeparentsandtheirchild10.Itoldyouthatyoushouldn'twasteyourtimeplayingthecomputergames，________？A.didn'tIB.didIC.shouldyouD.shouldn'tyou11.Hopinghewouldnotdisturbhissleepingfather,Bobstolein,________andwaitedforhimtowakeup.A.didn'tspeakB.nottospeakC.notspeakD.notspoke12.Notonly________buyingSpringFestivalrailticketsbutalsoallothergroupssuchaswhite－collarworkershavethesamefeeling.A.migrantworkershavedifficultyB.domigrantworkershavedifficultyC.havemigrantworkershavedifficultyD.havemigrantworkersdifficulty13.Neverbefore________beenplacedinsuchadilemmaoverwhetherIshouldtellherthetruthornot.A.hadIB.IhadC.haveID.Ihave14.Soseriously________thathecouldn'tbeabsorbedinanything.A.washisheadinjuredB.hisheadwasinjuredC.didhisheadinjureD.hisheadinjured15.Thechildtiptoedquietlytothebird.________intotheforestwhenhewasabouttocatchit.A.AwayitflewB.AwayflewitC.FlewitawayD.Flewawayit1.【答案】D【解析】句意：有一會(huì)什么也沒(méi)有發(fā)生，接著就是來(lái)自于興奮的觀眾的歡呼聲。副詞then,now,here,there放句首并且主語(yǔ)是名詞時(shí)，句子完全倒裝。結(jié)構(gòu)是：副詞＋謂語(yǔ)＋主語(yǔ)。2.【答案】A【解析】句意：——他取得了如此大的進(jìn)步以至于他的父母肯定對(duì)他滿(mǎn)足。——是的，他的確取得了很大的進(jìn)步。這里第一句里消滅了so...that(如此……以至于)；其次句so表示對(duì)前面陳述事實(shí)的強(qiáng)調(diào)，結(jié)構(gòu)為：so＋主語(yǔ)＋助動(dòng)詞/情態(tài)動(dòng)詞/be動(dòng)詞