2022天津市高考英語一輪閱讀理解專題選練及參考答案3

閱讀下列短文,從給的四個選項(A、B、C和D)中,選出最佳選項。Haveyougotsomepaper,apairofscissorsand,aboveall,adesiretodecorateyourhouse?Then,wehavetheperfectholidayartworkforyou:MakeStarWarssnowflakes(雪花).Rememberedasacherishedformofworkinclassroomsbeforetheholidays,papersnowflakeshavedrawnmanypeople'sattentionagain.Thedesigner,AnthonyHerrera,justrecentlyreleasedhis2021collection."TheStarWarssnowflakedesignsbeganasjustdoingdesignsofcharactersthatIandmydaughterwantedtomakethreeyearsago,"Herreratoldusinanemail."ThesecondyearIintroducedvehicles,andthisyearIdecidedtopushfurtherbydesigningbattlescenes."Sometimes,hefeelsabitboredwithhisjob.Witheachyear,thedesignshavegotmoredetailedandvarious,buttheprocessofcreatingthemremainedthesame:sketchingfiguresonpaperwithapenciluntilasymmetrical(對稱）patterncomesout,thenscanningthedesignsandcutthemwithscissors.However,hesayshehasplentyofideasfornewflakesnextyear,sonotwowilleverbethesame.HopefullywithStarWars:EpisodeVIIcomingin2021he'llhaveevenmoreworkinthefuture.CheckoutyourfavoritefinishedversionsofHerrera’sflakes(fromboth2021andpreviousyears)anddownloadthepicturesbeneaththemandthengetdowntocreatingyourownwork.Awarning:Mostdesignsaren'tforthecasualflake-maker,sopatienceyoumusthave.1.Makingpapersnowflakesdrawsmanypeople'sattentionprobablybecause______.A.itisatraditionalformofdecoration B.itisacourseofartworkinschoolC.itisawayofkillingtimeinholiday D.itisdesignedbyAnthonyHerrera2.Fromthetext,weknowthatHerrera______.A.canmakesnowflakeswithhisdaughter'shelpB.mademorecomplicateddesignsbefore2021C.introducedpapervehiclesin2011D.willmakeagreatvarietyofdetailedpaperflakes3.Herreraisfedupwiththejobsometimesbecause______A.hehastodesigndetailedanddifferentpatternsB.hehastofollowthefixedprocessofpapercuttingC.hespendsmuchtimedesigning,scanningandcuttingD.hehasfewideasforwhatthenextdesignswillbelike4.Bywritingthelastparagraph,theauthortriesto______.A.offerusmoreinformationaboutHerrera’spapercuttingB.tellushowtodownloadpictureofsnowflakesC.instructpeopletobearealcreativeartistD.remindusofbeingpatientwithHerrera’sdesigns【參考答案】1—4、ADBC 【河北省唐山一中】BMr.PeterJohnson,agedtwenty-three,battledforhalfanhourtoescapefromhistrappedcaryesterdaywhenitlandedupsidedowninthreefeetofwater.Mr.Johnsontooktheonlyescaperoute—throughtheboot(行李箱).Mr.Johnson’scarhadfinishedupinaditch(溝渠)atRomneyMarsin,Kentafterskiddingoniceandhittingabank.“Fortunately,thewaterbegantocomeinonlyslowly,”Mr.Johnsonsaid.“Icouldn’tforcethedoorsbecausetheywerejammedagainstthewallsoftheditchanddarednotopenthewindowsbecauseIknewwaterwouldcomefloodingin.”Mr.Johnson,asweetsalesmanofSittingHome,Laterhesaid,“Itwasreallyahalfpennythatsavedmylife.ItwastheonlycoinIhadinmypocketandIusedittounscrewthebackseattogetintotheboot.Ihammereddesperatelywithahammertryingtomakesomeonehear,butnohelpcame.”Ittooktenminutestounscrewtheseat,andafurtherfiveminutestoclearthesweetsamplesfromtheboot.ThenMr.Johnsonfoundawrench(扳子)andbegantoworkonthebootlock.Fifteenminutespassedby.“ItwastheonlychanceIhad.Finallyitgave,butassoonasImovedthebootlid,thewaterandmudpouredin.Iforcedtheliddownintothemudandscrambledclearasthecarfilledup.”Hishandsandarmscutandbruised(擦傷),Mr.JohnsongottoBeckettFarmnearby,wherehewaslookedafterbythefarmer’swife,Mrs.LucyBates.Huddledinablanket,hesaid,“Thatthirtyminutesseemedlikehours.”O(jiān)nlythetipsofthecarwheelswerevisible,policesaidlastnight.Thevehiclehadsunkintotwofeetofmudatthebottomoftheditch.60.Whatisthebesttitleforthisnewspaperarticle?A.TheStoryofMr.Johnson,ASweetSalesmanB.CarBootCanServeAsTheBestEscapeRouteC.DriverEscapesThroughCarBootD.TheDriverSurvivedATerribleCarAccident61.WhichofthefollowingobjectsisthemostimportanttoMr.Johnson?A.Thehammer. B.Thecoin.C.Thescrew. D.Thehorn.62.“Finallyitgave”(Paragraph5)meansthat________.A.LuckilythedoorwastornawayintheendB.AtlastthewrenchwentbrokenC.ThelockcameopenafterallhiseffortsD.Thechancewaslostatthelastminute63.Itmaybeinferredfromthepassagethat________.A.theditchwasalongaquietcountryroadB.theaccidenthappenedonaclearwarmdayC.thepolicehelpedMr.JohnsongetoutoftheditchD.Mr.Johnsonhadatenderwifeandwaswellattended【參考答案】60—63CBCAPassageSixteen(CrimeinComputer)

Newandbizarrecrimeshavecomeintobeingwiththeadventofcomputertechnology.Organizedcrimetohasbeendirectlyinvolved;thenewtechnologyoffersitunlimitedopportunities,suchasdatacrimes,theftofservices,property-relatedcrimes,industrialsabotage,politicallyrelatedsabotage,vandalism,crimesagainsttheindividualandfinanciallyrelatedcrimes…

Theftofdata,ordatacrime,hasattractedtheinterestoforganizedcriminalsyndicates.Thisisusuallythetheftorcopyingofvaluablecomputergrogram.Aninternationalmarketalreadyexistsforcomputerizeddata,andspecializedfencesaresaidtobeplayingakeyroleinthisrapidlyexpandingcriminalmarket.Buyersforstolenprogramsmayrangefromafirm’scompetitorstoforeignnations.

Acompetitorsabotagesacompany’scomputersystemtodestroyorcripplethefirm’soperationalability,thusneutralizingitscompetitivecapabilityeitherintheprivateorthegovernmentsector.Thiscomputersabotagemayalsobetiedtoanattemptbyaffluentinvestorstoacquirethevictimfirm.Withthegrowingreliancebyfirmsoncomputersfortheirrecordkeepinganddailyoperations,sabotageoftheircomputerscanresultininternalhavoc,afterwhichthegroupinterestedinacquiringthefirmcaneasilybuyitatasubstantiallylowerprice.Criminalgroupscouldalsoresorttosabotageifthecompanyisacompetitorofabusinessownedorcontrolledbyorganizedcrime.

Politicallymotivatedsabotageisontheincrease;politicalextremistgroupshavesproutedoneverycontinent.Sophisticatedcomputertechnologyarmsthesegroupswithawesomepowersandopenstechnologicallyadvancednationstotheirattack.Severalattemptshavealreadybeenmadetodestroycomputerfacilityatanairforcebase.Auniversitycomputerfacilityinvolvedinnationaldefenceworksufferedmorethan$2millionindamagesasaresultofabombing.

Computervulnerabilityhasbeenamplydocumented.Onecongressionalstudyconcludedthatneithergovernmentnorprivatecomputersystemsareadequatelyprotectedagainstsabotage.Organizedcriminalsyndicateshaveshowntheirwillingnesstoworkwithpoliticallymotivatedgroups.Investigatorshaveuncoveredevidenceofcooperationbetweencriminalgroupsandforeigngovernmentsinnarcotics.Criminalgroupshavetakenattemptsinassassinatingpoliticalleaders….Computersareusedinhospitallife-supportsystem,inlaboratories,andinmajorsurgery.Criminalscouldeasilyturnthesecomputersintotoolsofdevastation.Bysabotagingthecomputerofalife-supportsystem,criminalscouldkillanindividualaseasilyastheyhadusedagun.Bymanipulatingacomputer,theycouldguideawesometoolsofterroragainstlargeurbancenters.Citiesandnationscouldbecomehostages.Homicidecouldtakeanowform.Thecomputermaybecomethehitmanofthetwentiethcentury.

Thecomputeropensvastareasofcrimetoorganizedcriminalgroups,bothnationalandinternational.Itcallsonthemtopooltheirresourcesandincreasetheircooperativeefforts,becausemanyofthesecrimesaretoocomplexforonegrouptohandle,especiallythoserequitingavastnetworkoffences.Althoughcriminalshaveadaptedtocomputertechnology,lawenforcementhasnot.Manystillthinkintermsoftraditionalcriminology.

1.

Howmanykindsofcrimesarementionedinthepassage?

[A].

7.

.

8.

[C].

9.

[D].

10

2.

Whatisthepurposeofacompetitortosabotageacompany’scomputer?

[A].Hispurposeistodestroyorweakenthefirm’soperationalability.

.Hispurposeistoweakenfirm’scompetitivecapabilityandgetit.

[C].Hispurposeistobuytherival’scompanyatarelativelylowprice.

[D].Hispurposeistostealimportantdata.

3.

Whichofthefollowingcanbelabeledasapoliticallymotivatedsabotageofacomputersystem?

[A].Sabotageofauniversitycomputer.

.Sabotageofahospitalcomputer.

[C].Sabotageofcomputeratasecrettrainingbase.

[D].Sabotageofafactorycomputer.

4.

Whatdoestheauthormeanby“Homicidecouldtakeanewform”?

[A].Thereisnoneedtouseaguninkillingaperson.

.Criminalscankillwhoevertheywantbyacomputer.

[C].Thecomputercanreplaceanyweapons.

[D].Thefunctionofacomputerisjustlikeagun.

Vocabulary

1.

bizarre

驚異的

2.

vandalism

破壞，有意破壞文化，藝術的行為

3.

cripple

使癱瘓，減弱

4.

fence

賊市，臟品買賣處

5.

neutralize

使成為無效

6.

affluent

富有的

7.

recordkeeping

記錄存貯

8.

havoc

浩劫，大破壞

9.

resortto

求助于，借助于

10.

motivate

作為……的動機，激發(fā)

11.

extremist

過激分子，極端主義分子

12.

sprout

萌發(fā)快速進展

13.

awesome

令人驚懼的，引起敬畏的

14.

vulnerability

易受攻擊，脆弱

15.

devastation

劫持，破壞

16.

hospitallife-supportsystem醫(yī)院的生命維持系統(tǒng)

17.

hitman

職業(yè)兇手（殺手）

18.

pool

集中（資金）合辦，入股

19.

criminology

犯罪學，刑事學

難句譯注

1.

Organizedcrimetohasbeendirectlyinvolved;thenewtechnologyoffersitunlimitedopportunities,suchasdatacrimes,theftofservices,property-relatedcrimes,industrialsabotage,politicallyrelatedsabotage,vandalism,crimesagainsttheindividualandfinanciallyrelatedcrimes…

[結構簡析]句子很長，都是簡潔句，中間有分號隔開，后面是舉例。

[參考譯文]有組織犯罪團伙也直接參與：計算機新技術較為犯罪供應了無限的機會，如數(shù)據(jù)信息犯罪，偷竊服務項目，跟財產(chǎn)有關的犯罪，工業(yè)破壞，跟政治有關的破壞，破壞文化藝術，對個人和財經(jīng)方面的罪行等等。

2.

Aninternationalmarketalreadyexistsforcomputerizeddata,andspecializedfencesaresaidtobeplayingakeyroleinthisrapidlyexpandingcriminalmarket.

[結構簡析]并列句，and作對比連接詞用。

[參考譯文]一個計算機信息的國際市場已經(jīng)存在，而特地從事臟品交易的市場據(jù)說在快速擴展的犯罪市場中起著關鍵的作用。

3.

Acompetitorsabotagesacompany’scomputersystemtodestroyorcripplethefirm’soperationalability,thusneutralizingitscompetitivecapabilityeitherintheprivateorthegovernmentsector.

[結構簡析]主謂賓補結構，后跟thus+從句表示結果。

[參考譯文]競爭對手破壞一個公司的計算機系統(tǒng)為的是摧毀或減弱公司的操作運行力氣，從而使其丟失在私人或政府部門中的競爭力。

4.

Thecomputerope