2021年高考英語考點總動員系列-專題02-代詞(原卷版)

【母題再現(xiàn)】題型介紹：代詞辨析考點，是英語高考命題的熱點之一。在高考中主要考查點有：代詞的用法辨析、不定代詞的用法、反身代詞的用法和代詞的基本用法等。命題形式：本考點在高考中的命題形式主要有：1.單選填空（毀滅在自主命題區(qū)）；2.語法填空（短文填空）（毀滅在全國卷中）3.短文改錯；4.閱讀理解中的猜想試題中。高考選題：題型1：【2022·四川卷】1.She'dlivedinLondonandManchester,butsheliked

______andmovedtoCambridge.A.both

B.neither

C.none

D.either題型2：【2022·遼寧卷】閱讀下面材料，在空白處填入適當?shù)膬热?不多于3個單詞)或括號內單詞的正確形式。Jonny: Hey!I'mjustpracticingTaiChi(太極).Wouldyouliketojoinme?Peter: Iknownothingaboutit.Isitdifficult?Jonny: Itseemseasy,butyouneedalotofpractice.Youjustfollowmelikethis.Peter: OK.Don'tlaugh1me.Imaylookfunny.Jonny: Bendyourkneesslightlyandreachoutyourarmsliketreebranches,naturally and2(soft). Trytokeepyourbodystraight.Moveslowly,thenbesuretokeepyourbalanceanddon'tletyourbodyshake.Peter: Icannotcontrolmybodywell.Mylegsbecome3(pain)Jonny: Keep4(hold)yourpositionforawhile.Ithelpsdevelopyourstrengthand flexibility.Raiseyourlegandlet5stayintheairforseconds.Peter: Ifeelmylegsshaking.Icannotdothisanylonger.Jonny: Bepatient!TaiChi6(call)“shadowboxing"inEnglish.Itasksyoutoactlikewater:tobeflexibleaswell7strong.Inrealcompetition,aTai Chimasterborrowsthestrengthofthecompetitorandusesthisenergytofightback.The8(hard)youtrytobeathim,themorelikelyyouwillgethit. Hecontrolsyou!Peter: Unbelievable!Oh...,9youdon'tmind,I'llstopandtakeadeep10.題型3：【2022·四川卷】短文改錯(共10小題：每小題1.5分，共15分)下面短文中共有10處語言錯誤，請在有錯誤的地方增加、刪除或修改某個單詞。增加：在缺詞處加一個漏字符號（^），并在其下面寫出該加的詞。刪除：把多余的詞用斜線（\）劃掉。留意：1.每處錯誤及其修改均僅限一詞；2.只允許修改10處，多者（從第11處起）不計分。Hello,boysandgirls!Today,Iamgoingtotalkwithwhatyoushoulddowhenafirealarmgooff.Ifyouhearthealarm,standinlineatthedoorandwaityourteachertoleadyououtside.Stayclosetoyourteacherandclassmate.Don'tpanicorgetoutofline,andtryingtoremainquietandcalmly.Soonthefirefighterswillcomeandputoutafire.Ifit'safalsealarmandthereisnofire,yourteacherwillleadusbacktotheclassroom.Ifyounoticethatwhensomeoneismissingandhurt,tellyourteacherimmediately.題型4：【2022屆江西省師大附中高三10月月考試題】Holidaysarereallyimportant.Manyofuswillhavechildhoodmemoriesofsummerholidayswhereweweretakenawayfromhometoexperiencenewenvironmentsandlearnindifferentways.Butholidaysareexpensiveand,forthoseonlowwagesorlivingonbenefits,theyareoftenunobtainable.Eventhecheapestholidaysrequiretravelandotheradditionalcoststhataredifficultformanyfamiliestomeet.Forworkingparents,thelongsummerbreakcanbeaverydifficultproblemforchildcare.Whenanannualleaveallowanceamountstoonlyfiveweeks,thereisaneedtospreadthisacrosstheyear.Couplescanfindthemselvestakingleaveinturninordertocareforchildrenwhoareonholiday.Forsomethismakesevenanaffordablefamilyholidaydifficult.TheschoolsthatIvisitinNottinghamarefullofexperiencedstaffcommittedtogivingourchildrenacaringandinspiringlearningenvironment.ThenumberofchildrenreceivingfreeschoolmealsisquitelargeinNottinghamandmanyschoolshavebreakfastclubstomakesurethatchildrengetahealthystarttotheday.Mostschoolsundertakeprogramsofgrouporindividualeducationalsupport.Schoolsalsohaveanimportantroleinsafeguardingchildren'swelfarethroughtheongoingtouchandsupportwiththeirpupils.Duringthelongsummerholidays,muchofthisismissed.WhileteachersareholidayingintheUK,manyoftheirpupilsspendthewholesixweeksonthestreetwheretheylive.Thelackoffreeschoolmealsforsixweekscanresultinpressureonafamilybudgetandaninabilitytoaffordtheinspiringexperiencesthathelpchildrentocontinuetheirlearning.Insettingoutitsplansforafive-termyear,NottinghamCityCouncil(委員會)isseekingtoreducethesummerholidaydowntofourandahalfweeks,withamorebalancedfivetermsofroughlyeightweeks,eachfollowedbyatwo-weekbreak.Webelievethiswillgivereal“downtime"forschoolstaffandpupilsalikebutwillbeshortenoughnottocausearealbreakinlearning.Weacknowledgethatthischangemaybedifficultforsomeschoolstaff,particularlywhoseownchildrenareeducatedinotherauthorities.However,thismustbeweighedagainstthebenefitsforcitychildrenforwhomweallhavethegreatestdutyofcare.【小題1】71.Thepassageisprobablywrittenby .A.anexperiencedteacher B.aworkingparentC.aninspiredstudent D.acitycouncilmember【小題2】72.Theunderlinedword"they"inthesecondparagraphrefersto" ’.A.environments B.holidays C.wages D.benefits【小題3】73.Itissuggestedinthepassagethatthesummerbreakbereducedto .A.2weeks B.4.5weeks C.5weeks D.6weeks【小題4】74.Theplansforashortersummerholidaywillhelpstudents_____ .A.obtainthecheapestholidayswithoutadditionalcostsB.getachancetospendsixweeksatermwithteachersinschoolC.benefitmorefromthecaringandinspiringlearningenvironmentD.havemoreschooldaystoreceivefreeschoolmeals【小題5】75.Itcanbeinferredfromthepassagethat _______.A.workingparentscanenjoyafive-weekbreaktocarefortheirchildrenB.thesuggestedplansforafive-termschoolyearcanhardlybecarriedoutC.thelongsummerholidaygivesteachersandstudentsreal"downtime"D.someschoolstaffwillsay“No"totheplansforashortersummerholiday解題技巧：從近幾年的高考題來看。代詞的考點主要集中在不定代詞以及it的用法上。命題點：一是不同代詞之間的意義和功能，如：all，both，none，neither，either，any等意義區(qū)分；it，one，ones，that，those的不同指代功能；二是不同代詞在語法特征上的差異。解答此類試題，可以從以下幾個方面著手考慮：代詞類試題應留意：1、it的用法在英語中，運用it的場合較多。從它在句中的作用和意義來看，it的用法可分為三類：1．指代作用(1)用作人稱代詞，代替前文或后文所提到的同一事物(單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞或不行數(shù)名詞)。如：Althoughwecannotseeit，thereisairallaroundus．雖然我們看不見空氣，但它卻在我們的四周。(2)代替前面的整個句子。如：Itissaidthathehasdiedofadisease，butitisn’ttrue．據(jù)說他已經(jīng)病死了，但這不是真的。(3)用在答語中代替指示代詞this，that。如：——Whatisthis?這是什么?——It’sabike．是自行車。(4)代替不能或沒有必要區(qū)分性別的或某些習慣說法中的人。如：①Thebabycriedbecauseitwashungry．嬰兒哭是由于餓了。(嬰兒習慣上不區(qū)分性別)②——Whoisknockingatthedoor?誰在敲門?——It’sme．是我。(5)指環(huán)境、情形等。如：①Ican’tstanditanylonger．我再也不能容忍這種狀況了。②Takeiteasy．別緊急。③Itdoesn’tmatter．沒關系。(6)指度量衡單位、時間、距離、季節(jié)、天氣及自然現(xiàn)象。如：①It’sgettingcolderandcoldernow．現(xiàn)在越來越冷了。②Itiswinternow．現(xiàn)在是冬天了。2．形式作用(1)形式主語當動詞不定式、v.ing形式或從句作主語時，通常把它們放在謂語之后，而用it作句子的形式主語。如：It’snousecryingoverspiltmilk．[諺]覆水難收。Ittakesthreegenerationstomakeagentleman．[諺]十年樹木，百年樹人。當復合賓語中的賓語是不定式、v-ing形式或賓語從句時，往往把真正的賓語放在補足語后面，而用it作形式賓語，放在賓語補足語之前。如：①Youmustmakeitcleartothemthatthesituationisserious．你必需向他們表明形勢是嚴峻的。②)Theythoughtitdifficulttotalktotheguestsabouttherecentevents．他們覺得和客人們談近來發(fā)生的事情很困難。特殊提示形式賓語用在“主語+謂語動詞+賓語”結構中，謂語動詞appreciate，dislike，hate，like，love，make(按時到達，成功)等后接由if或when等引導的從句時，往往在從句前加形式賓語it。如：①Iwouldappreciateitifyoupaidincash．假如你能支付現(xiàn)金的話，我會不勝感謝。②Theboylikesitwhenyoudothat．那個男孩寵愛你那樣做。2、不定代詞something，anything，everything，nothing(1)something一般用在確定句中，也可以用在表示邀請、征詢意見的委婉問句中。如：Couldyoudosomethingforme?請為我做點事好嗎?(2)anything用在否定句、疑問句或條件句中。如：Thereisn’tanythinginside．里面什么也沒有。(3)everything意為”一切事物”，可用在確定句或疑問句中。用于否定句時，表示部分否定；表示全部否定時要用nothing或notanything。如：Everythingisgoodwhennew，butfriendswhenold．東西是新的好，伴侶是老的親。(諺語)(4)nothing表示”什么也沒有”，常用于陳述句，表示否定意義，不能與否定詞連用。如：①Donothingbyhalves．凡事不行半途而廢。(諺語)②Foolslearnnothingfromwisemen，butwisemenlearnmuchfromfools．愚者不學無術，智者不恥下問。(諺語)3、it，one，ones，that和those(1)it特指上文所提到的同一個物，它所代替的名詞常由the，this，that等修飾。one指上文提到的同類事物中的一個，不特指，被指代的名詞通常由不定代詞some或any修飾。如：①Whereisthatbook?Ican’tfindit．那本書在哪兒?我找不到它。②Ihaven’tgotanyerasers．Willyoupleasegivemeone?我沒有橡皮，請你給我一塊好嗎?(2)one與that都可用來代替上文中毀滅的名詞，one前要用定冠詞the，有時that和theone可互換使用。如：Thebookisn’tsointerestingastheone/thatyouborrowed．這本書不如你借的那本好玩。(3)但that和one在多數(shù)狀況下是不能互換的，主要區(qū)分在于：that既可代替可數(shù)名詞，也可代替不行數(shù)名詞，常要求有后置定語，一般不指人，復數(shù)形式為those。one只能代替可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)，復數(shù)形式為ones。當可數(shù)名詞前有形容詞修飾時，只能用one，不用that。當of短語作可數(shù)名詞的后置定語時，用that，不用one。如：①ThebestcigarettesarethosefromYunnan．最好的香煙是那些來自云南的。②Theboytoldmehisstoryandthatofthegirlnextdoor．這個男孩跟我講了他以及隔壁那個女孩的故事。Yourcoatisblue，andmynewoneisgreen．你的外套是藍色的，我的新外套是綠色的。(4)theones用來代替上文提到的特指的復數(shù)名詞，有時可以用those代替，尤其在有后置定語的狀況下。如：Thebooksonthedeskarebetterthanthose/theonesunderthedesk．桌上的那些書比桌下的好。6．a(chǎn)nother，other，others，more(1)another既可以單獨使用，也可以用于單數(shù)名詞前，泛指三者或三者以上中的“另外一個人或物”。還可以用“another+數(shù)量詞+復數(shù)名詞”，表示”再，又”。如：①Wasthereanotherwayout?還有別的路出去嗎?②We’dbetterwaitanotherfiveminutes．我們最好再等五分鐘。特殊提示表示“另外一個同學”只能用anotherstudent，不能說成anotheronestudent。(2)other不能單獨使用，應用于復數(shù)名詞前，表示另外的某些人或物，也可以用在some，any，no之后，或具體數(shù)詞之后，再接名詞，構成”不定代詞或具體數(shù)詞+other+名詞”；接單數(shù)名詞時，還可以用在冠詞the后，特指兩個人或物中的另外一個(可以省略為theother)，或特指另外的某些人或物(可以省略為theothers)，others泛指”其他的(事物)，別人”。如：Oneremainedandtheotherwentaway．一個留下了，另一個走了。Weshouldlearntotreatothersasequals．我們應當學會公正待人。【浙江省鄞州區(qū)余姚市2022屆高三5月模擬】Hewasnolongera(an)____whofailedinbigevents,likethe2008BeijingOlympics,wherehefinishedanunimpressive11th.A.anythingB.nothingC.anybodyD.nobody高頻考點三：考查one的用法【浙江省湖州市八校2022屆高三上學期其次次聯(lián)考】Thestoryconveysastrongmessage,_________thatwillhopefullytouchallwhoreadit.A.it B.that C.those D.one高頻考點四：高頻代詞that的用法27【浙江省建人高復2022屆高三上學期第五次月考】Forquiteafewstudents,theirteacher’sadviceismoreimportantthan_______oftheirparents’.A.oneB.that C.it D.any高頻考點五：考查代詞賓格【浙江省象山一般高中2022屆高三第一次模擬】Theoldladyissaidtohavethreechildren，twoof____studyingabroad.A.whom B.them C.all D.who高頻考點六：代詞的其他用法【浙江省湖州市菱湖中學2022屆高三10月月考】ShoppingontheInternetenablespeoplenottosearchforgoodsfromonestoreto______.A.others B.theother C.another D.therest【直擊高考】代詞1.【2022·全國大綱卷】25.—Who’sthatatthedoor?—isthemilkman.A.HeB.It C.ThisD.That2.【2022·全國大綱卷】28.IthinkMrs.Starkcouldbe_______between50and60yearsofage.A.anywhere B.anybody C.anyhowD.anything3.【2022·重慶卷】1.Asmilecosts_______,butgivesmuch.A.anythingB.somethingC.nothingD.everything4.【2022·山東卷】4.Susanmade______cleartomethatshewishedtomakeanewlifeforherself.A.thatB.thisC.itD.her5.【2022·江西卷】32.---WhenshallIcall,inthemorningorafternoon?----___.I’llbeinallday.AnyB.NoneC.NeitherD.Either6.【2022·浙江卷】3.

Anaverageofjust18.75cmofrainfelllastyear,making______thedriestyearsinceCalifornia

becameastatein1850.

A.each

B.it

C.this

D.one7.【2022·福建卷】21.Insomecountries,peopleeatwithchopsticks,whilein,knivesandforks.A.anotherB.othersC.bothD.all8.【2022·江蘇卷】34.Goodfamiliesaremuchtoalltheirmembers,but________tonone.A.something B.anything C.everything D.nothing9.【2022·陜西卷】21.I’dappreciate________ifyoucouldletmeknowinadvancewhetherornotyouwillcome.A.it B.you C.one D.this10.【2022·安徽卷】24．Youcanaskanyoneforhelp.hereiswillingtolendyouahand.A.OneB.NooneC.EveryoneD.Someone【課后反饋】夯實基礎：1.【2022屆四川省成都高畢業(yè)班第一次診斷性檢測】Myownhandwritingstyleisdifferentfrom_______ofmyfriends.AitB.thisC.thatD.one2.【2022屆四川省成都外國語學校高三10月月考試題】Howeverdifficultyoufindtoarrangeyourtime,itwillpayoffinthelongrun.A.this B.one C.it D.that3.【2022屆四川省成都市樂山一中高三10月月考試題】Althoughhelikessingingverymuch,heisbutasinger.A.anythingB.somethingC.everthingD.nothing4.2022屆四川省宜賓市南溪二中高三9月月考試題】一Iboughtthiscoatattaobao．com． —Itlooksbeautiful．AsIambusy，canyoubuyforme? A．this B．that C．such D．one5．【2022屆四川省蒼溪中學高三下學期月考試題】Chinesenewtrafficrulesin2021givemoreseverepunishmenttooffenderscomparedwith______carriedoutinpreviousyears.A.that B.those C.one D.it力氣拓展：6．【2022屆廣西桂林十八校其次次月考】Ifyouwanttochangeforaredoneyou'llhavetopay___________$20.A.anotherB.otherC.moreD.each_7．【2022屆天津一中5月考】8.–ItissaidthatFrankisveryrichandisalwayschanginghisprivatecars.Whatishe?–_______ofamanager,Iamnotsure.A.Somebody B.Anyone C.Something D.Anything8．【2022屆浙江省五校其次次聯(lián)考】8.Althoughwemaynotrealize________,whenwetalkwithotherswemakeourselvesunderstoodnotjustbywordsbutalsobybodymovements. A.it B.them C.that D.ourselves9．【2022屆江西省重點中學協(xié)作體其次次聯(lián)考】26.______oftheparentshasconfirmeditwastheirchild’sfaulttobelateforclass,sayingtheschoolbuscamelaterthanusual.A.Both

B.Either

C.None

D.Neither10．【2022屆甘肅民樂一中5月診斷】Oneday,abouttenyearsago,whileworkingatthecashregisterinthegiftshopatmyUniversityMuseumofNaturalHistory,Isaw

41_______

elderlycouplecomeinwithalittlegirlinawheelchair.

AsIlooked

42________

(close)

atthisgirl,Ifoundthatshewasfixedonherchair.Ithenrealizedshehadnoarmsorlegs,justahead,aneckand

upperbody,

43_______

(dress)inalittlewhiteskirt.

Asthecouplewheeledheruptome,Iturnedmyheadtowardthegirl.WhenItookthemoneyfromhergrandparents,Ilookedback

44________

thegirl,whowasgivingmethemostoptimistic,largestsmileIhadeverseen.Allofasudden,her

handicap

wasgoneandallIsawwasthisbeautifulgirl,45

________

smilejustmeltedme

46_______

almostinstantlygavemeacompletelynewsenseof

47_______

lifeisallabout.Shetookmefromapoor,unhappycollegestudentand

48___________

(bring)meintoherworld;aworldofsmiles,loveand

49__________

(warm).I’masuccessfulbusinessmannowandwheneverIthinkaboutthetroublesoftheworld,Ithinkaboutthatlittlegirlandtheremarkablelessonaboutlifethatshetaught

50_________

.自我提升：11．【2022屆四川省成都七中高三二診模擬英語試題】--Doyouhaveanymorebagsofthissize?--I’sorrywe’vesold________butthisone.A.any B.some C.all D.none12．【2022屆四川省綿陽市高三第一次診斷性考試英語試題】——Howmanyofyoumadeittothetopofthemountainintheend?——______.Itwasreallytough.A.Noone B.Neither C.None D.Nobody13．【2022屆甘肅嘉峪關一中六?！緾hina'sTeaVillages InmostChineseteavillages,Marchisthetimeofyearin___41___localsstarttopickandprocesstea.Theusuallyquietvillagessuddenlybecomebusycentersofactivity,aspeopletakeoutspecialtoolsandprepare___42___teaprocessing.Insomevillages,localresidentsholdtraditionalceremonies,__43___(thank)heavenforitsblessing.Thepriceoftea___44___(pick)inMarchisextremelyhighbecause__45___isfresh,tenderandcontainsmultipletraceelements. China___46___(be)famousforteaproductionsinceancienttimes.Ofthegoodstransportedandtradedalong__47___OldSilkRoadlinkingChinatotheMiddleEastandEurope,theimportanceofteawasmatchedonlybysilk.ChinaproducesOolong,black,green,white,yellow__48___dark(akapost-fermented)tea.TheOolong,greenandblack__49___(vary)aremostnotablefortheirhighquality. MostofChina'steavillagesarefoundinremotemountainousareasinthecountry'ssouthandsouthwest,__50___thebeautifulsceneryisoftenhiddenunderclouds.14．【2022屆甘肅蘭州一中沖刺卷四】該文中共有十處錯誤,每句中最多有兩處,錯誤涉及一個單詞的增加、刪除或修改。增加：在缺詞處加一個漏字符號(∧),并在此符號下面寫出該加的詞。刪除：把多余的詞用斜線（＼）劃掉。修改：在錯的詞下劃一橫線,并在該詞下面寫出修改后的詞。留意：1、每處錯誤及其修改均僅限一詞；2、只允許修改十處,多者(從第11處起)不計分。FangTongis34yearsold,anactor,directorandteacherofBeijingOperaTheatre.MostofhisstudentsarefromotherpartofChinaandhavecometoBeijingataveryyoungageofsixteenorseventeen.Hehopescreateanenvironmentforhisstudentsthatitismuchmorerelaxingthantheoneheusedtostudyin.Hethoughtthatanactorshouldrelaxhimselfwhenperforming.Yethisstudentsdeeprespecthimandheneverneedstoraisehisvoiceinordertobehearing.Forhisopinion,actorsshouldgoonevenwhenhefeeltheyhavemadeamistakeintheirperformancesbecausethemomentisalreadygonebutpeoplecanneverbebacktoit.Soartisalwayschanginganddeveloping. 15．（南京市2022屆高三班級學情調研卷）SomethingthathasalwaysinterestedmeaboutAbrahamLincolnis，notsurprisingly，hisenseofhumor.AsfarasIcantell，he'sthefirstAmericanPresidenttohaveone．That'sbecausetheterm“senseofhumor”reallywasn'tincommonusageuntiltheighteen-sixtiesandseventies．Intheeighteen-fortiesandfifties，itwascalled“thesenseoftheridiculous,"anddidn'thavethepositiveconnotations（隱含意義）that“senseofhumor"hastoday.Backthen，whatwasridiculouswaswhatinvitedridicule（譏笑）．Funninessandcrueltywenthandinhand．Ofcourse，theystilldoalotofarm-in-armwalkinginourdayaswell．Lincoln’shumorwasverydifferentbecause，foronething，itwasactually"humor＂aswhatthewordmeantinhistime.Wedon'tmakethedistinctionbetween"wit（風趣）”and"humor”anymore;butinthenineteenthcenturypeopledid．Witwasunpleasantandoffensivewhilehumorwaspleasantandsympathetic．It’sthedifferencewenotenowwhenwedistinguishbetween"laughingwith”and“l(fā)aughingat．”Lincolnwasmuchmoreabout"laughingwith”than"laughingat．”Andwhen“l(fā)aughingat，”itwasoftenhimselfhewasteasing.InthefamousLincoln-Douglasdebates，whenDouglasaccusedLincolnofbeingtwo-faced，Lincolnreplied，referencinghisplainlooking，“Honestly，ifIweretwo-face