【八下英語滬教版】Module 4 Unit 8 單元小結(jié)

第③failindoingsth.“在做某事方面失敗”（2）其名詞為failure,意為“失敗”?！镜淅治觥?.___________(fail)isthemotherofsuccess.【答案】failure名詞。2.Thedoctorfailed______________（save）thedog.【答案】tosave3.如果你不努力學習，你將考試不及格。Ifyoudon’tstudyhard,youwill_____________________________________.【答案】failintheexam4.他今早沒有趕上第一班公交車。He_______________________thefirstbusthismorning.【答案】failedtocatch/failedincatching要點5.presentpresentn.目前；現(xiàn)在【例句】Iknownothingaboutthecaseatpresent.=Iknownothingaboutthecaseforthetimebeing.我目前對這起案件一無所知?！就卣埂?1)presentn.禮物Whatpresentwillyougiveheronherbirthday?她生日你要送她什么禮物？(2)presentadj.目前的；出席的Weshouldtakethepresentsituationintoconsideration.我們必須考慮目前的形勢。(3)atpresent=now=atthepresenttime此刻；現(xiàn)在Idon’tneedthedictionaryatpresent.我現(xiàn)在不需要這本字典。(4)presentsb.withsth.=presentsth.tosb.贈予某人某物Hepresentedhiswifewithadiamondnecklace.=Hepresentedadiamondnecklacetohiswife.他送給他的妻子一條鉆石項鏈?！镜淅治觥?.Allthepeople__________atthepartywerehissupporters.A.presented B.thankful C．interested2.MrLiisbusy_____________________(現(xiàn)在).Canyouringhimlater?3.她生日時你要送她什么禮物？_________________willyougiveheronherbirthday?4.你必須忘掉過去，開始現(xiàn)在的生活。Youmustforget__________________andstartliving__________________________.【答案】1.Apresent在場的。2.atpresent目前，現(xiàn)在。3.Whatpresent.present禮物。4.thepastinthepresent5.Timsavedtwostudentsinthefire.Theheadmasterwill________theprizetohimatthemeeting.A.Promise B.practise C．prepare D.present【答案】本題考查動詞辨析。promise意為“保證；承諾”，practise意為“練習”，prepare意為“準備”，present意為“授予”，結(jié)合語境可知應(yīng)選D。6我的朋友送給我一把漂亮的扇子作為禮物。Myfriendgavemeabeautifulfan________________________________.【答案】asapresent7上次參加會議的人比這次多。Morepeople____________________themeetinglasttimethanthistime.【答案】werepresented8他們現(xiàn)在正在參觀巴黎。TheyarevisitingParis____________________.【答案】atpresent要點6.widewideadj.寬的；寬闊的【例句】Howwideistheriver?這條河有多寬？【拓展】(1)wideadv.寬地(指具體的寬度)Pleaseopenyourmouthwide.請把你的嘴巴張大。(2)widelyadv.廣泛地；寬地(指抽象的廣度)Englishisthemostwidelyspokenlanguageintheworld.英語是世界上使用最廣泛的語言。(3)widthn.寬度Yourbedisthesamewidthasmine.你的床的寬度跟我的一樣。(4)widenv.拓寬；加寬Hehadanoperationlastyeartowidenaheartartery.去年他做了一個擴張心臟動脈的手術(shù)?！镜淅治觥?.Thiscouplehavestrangehabits.Themanwouldliketosleepwiththelampburningandhiswifewiththewindow__________.A.wideopen B．widelyopen C．wideopened2.Mobilephoneis________(wide)usedintheworldnow.【答案】1.B2.widely要點7.recentlyrecentlyadv.（=notlongago）最近Ihaven’tseenhimrecently.我最近沒看見過他?！就~】recentadj.最近的Ourteacherhaschangedalotinrecentyears.我們老師最近幾年變了很多?！镜淅治觥?.MypartnerandIhaveboth______________(recent)lostourjobsinthecity.2.Herbookshavegainedpopularity__________(recent).3.Ourteacherhaschangedalotin__________(recent)years.【答案】1.recently2.recently3.recent要點8.While與when區(qū)別whileconj.在……期間；當……的時候【例句】HewasdoinghomeworkwhileIwascooking.當我在做飯的時候，他在做家庭作業(yè)?！颈嫖觥縲hile與whenwhile和when都可以表示“當……的時候”。(1)when后面可以接延續(xù)性動詞和短暫性動詞，若主從句表達將來發(fā)生的事情，要遵從“主將從現(xiàn)”原則；如果從句動作為過去時而且是短暫性動詞，則主句用過去進行時。Icameinwhen/whilehewasreading.他在看書時我走了進來。HewasreadingwhenIcamein.我走進來時他正在看書。Whenhecomesbacktomorrow,Iwillringyouup.他明天回來的時候，我會打電話給你。(2)while后面只能接延續(xù)性動詞，常用進行時態(tài)；如若主句的動作也是延續(xù)性的，則構(gòu)成“...bedoingwhile...bedoing...”。MumwaswashingclotheswhileDadwasreadinganewspaper.爸爸在看報紙的時候，媽媽在洗衣服。【拓展】(1)whilen.一會兒Shelikestoliedownforawhileafterlunch.她喜歡午飯后躺一會兒。2)whileconj.而；然而(表示對比)Somepeoplewastefoodwhileothershaven’tenough.有些人浪費糧食，然而有些人卻吃不飽?！镜淅治觥?.Thereisplentyofraininthesouth_______thereislittleinthenorthinChina.A.while B．a(chǎn)s C．when2.—_________didthebellring?—_________wewerehavingdinner,thebellrang.A.While;When B．When;While C．While;While3.當我在做飯的時候，他在做家庭作業(yè)。He____________________homework__________Iwascooking.4.我走進來時他正在看書。He______________________________Icamein.【答案】1.A表示“對比”而when無此意思。2.BWhen什么時候。“當。。。時候”3.wasdoingwhile表示兩件事情同時發(fā)生。4.wasreadingwhen要點9.preparepreparev.使(自己)有準備【例句】Wemustpreparefortheworst.我們必須做最壞的打算?！就卣埂?1)preparedadj.準備好的Wemustbepreparedfornewresponsibility.我們必須準備擔起新的責任。(2)unpreparedadj.沒準備好的Althoughhewasunprepared,hepassedthetestwitha“B”grade.雖然他沒有充分準備好，他還是通過了考試并得了“B”。(3)preparefor=be/getreadyfor為……準備好Hetoldustoprepareforresistingtheenemyattack.=Hetoldustobe/getreadyforresistingtheenemyattack.他讓我們做好準備以抵抗敵人的進攻?！镜淅治觥?.Hewaswell__________(prepare)tostartthegame.2.Allthestudentsare_____________(prepare)forthefinalexamnow.3.學生們正忙著準備期末考試。Thestudentsarebusy___________________thefinalexam.【答案】1.prepared2.preparing3.preparingfor4.—Whatareyoudoing，Mike?—Oh，I'm________thefinalEnglishexam.A.makingfor B.preparingfor C.lookingfor D.caringfor【答案】B【解析】句意：——邁克，你正在做什么？——哦，我正在準備英語期末考試?？疾閯釉~短語及現(xiàn)在進行時。A.makingfor走向、促進；B.preparingfor準備；C.lookingfor尋找；D.caringfor關(guān)心、照顧。根據(jù)語境—Whatareyoudoing，Mike?—Oh，I'm________thefinalEnglishexam.可知句子時態(tài)要用現(xiàn)在進行時，由句意“——邁克，你正在做什么？——哦，我正在準備英語期末考試?！笨芍狟選項符合題意，故答案選B。5．—Theclassroomissoquiet.—Yes,allthestudents_______forthefinalexam.A．prepare B．prepared C．willprepare D．a(chǎn)repreparing【答案】D【解析】句意：——教室里是那么安靜?！堑?，所有學生正在準備期末考試?？疾閯釉~時態(tài)。根據(jù)“Theclassroomissoquiet.”的語境可知，空處的動作應(yīng)是正在進行，故句子應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在進行時，構(gòu)成形式為：bedoing；主語“allthestudents”是復數(shù)形式，助動詞應(yīng)用are；prepare的現(xiàn)在分詞是preparing。故選D。要點10both...and...…和…(兩者)都both...and...意為“……和……(兩者)都”,用于連接兩個并列的句子成分。作主語時，謂語動詞用復數(shù)形式。BothKateandTomarefromClassThree,GradeOne.凱特和湯姆都來自一年級三班。LucycanspeakbothItalianandGreek.露西既會講意大利語又會講希臘語?！局R拓展】notonly...butalso...不但……而且……連接并列成分,當連接并列主語時,謂語動詞與butalso后面的主語在人稱和數(shù)上保持一致neither...nor...既不……也不……連接兩個主語時,謂語動詞與nor后面的主語在人稱和數(shù)上保持一致either...or...或者……或者……連接兩個主語時，謂語動詞與or后面的主語在人稱和數(shù)上保持一致NotonlyyoubutalsoLiLeiiscominghere.不但你,而且李雷也要來這兒★NeitherLilynorIamastudent.莉莉和我都不是學生★Tomcanneitherplaythepianonorplaychess.湯姆既不會彈鋼琴也不會下國際象棋?！颵oucaneitherstayathomeorgoshoppingonSunday.星期天你可以待在家里或者去購物?！顴itheryouorIamwrong.不是你錯了,就是我錯了【典例分析】1.—Whichshowdoyouprefer,RunningManorTheReader?—TheReader,ofcourse.________I________mybrotherlikesit.A.Both;and B．Neither;nor C．Either;or D．Notonly;butalso【答案】D【解析】both...and……和……都；neither...nor既不……也不；either...or或者……或者；notonly...butalso不但……而且。根據(jù)句意推斷A和D項都符合句意，both...and連接并列主語時，謂語動詞用復數(shù)；notonly...butalso連接并列主語時，謂語動詞形式遵循“就近原則”，根據(jù)句中l(wèi)ikes推斷選D。2.—Whathaveyoulearntafterthreeyears'studyinChina,Maria?—Iwastaught________knowledge________goodmanners.A．either;or B．both;and C．neither;nor D．not;but【答案】B【解析】考查短語辨異。A．either;or或者…或者。B．both，and和…(兩者)都C．neither;nor既不...也不...D．not;but不是。。。而是。根據(jù)句意：我不僅學到了知識，還學到了禮貌。故答案選B3Jim,howdoyourparentslikecountrymusic?_____mydad_____mymomlikesit.Theybothlikecountrymusic.A．Either,or B．Neither,nor C．Notonly,butalso D．Both,and【答案】C【解析】句意：--蒂姆，你的父母覺得鄉(xiāng)村音樂怎么樣？--不但爸爸喜歡，而且媽媽也不喜歡，他們都喜歡鄉(xiāng)村音樂。根據(jù)后半句：他們都喜歡鄉(xiāng)村音樂，either…or或者…或者，表示兩者之一；neither…nor兩者都不，既不，也不；Notonly…butalso不僅…而且；both…and兩個都，主語是兩個人。Notonly…butalso……句型要根據(jù)最近的主語確定謂語動詞，本題中的likes是第三人稱單數(shù)，故選C。完成句子notonly…..butalsoneither……noreither……orboth……and4.在學校老師們不僅給我們傳播知識而且還教我們?nèi)绾巫鋈?。Atschoolteachersteachus________________knowledge______________howtobegood.5．他和我還沒有看過這部電影。__________he___________I______________________thefilmyet.6.只有一張入場券，杰克和你當中只能一個人去看時裝展。Thereisonlyoneticket.________Jack________youwillgotothefashionshow.7.肯特和孩子們都不想去動物園。_________Kent_________thechildrenwantedtogotothezoo.8,John和Peter在電影院看見Jolie時，都很吃驚_______________John______________Peter________surprisedwhentheysawJolieinthecinema._______John______Peter________surprisedwhentheysawJolieinthecinema.9,只有一個座位，要不你去，要不我去。Thereisonlyoneseat,________you_______Icango.【答案】4.notonlybutalso5.Neithernorhaveseen6.eitheror7.Bothand8.NotonlybutalsowasBothandwere9.eitheror要點11satisfyv.使?jié)M意satisfysb.=pleasesb.使某人滿意Somepeoplearehardtosatisfy.有些人是很難使其滿意的。【同根詞】satisfiedadj.（=pleased）滿意的Wewerequitesatisfiedwithournewflat.我們對我們的新公寓相當滿意?！镜淅治觥?.—Itisreallyhardto_______allofthembecauseeachofthemhasdifferentneeds.—Iagreewithyou.A．relax B．help C．satisfy2.She’snever（satisfy）withwhatshe’sgot.她對自己所得到的從不感到滿足。3.Wearenottheseresults.我們對這些結(jié)果并不滿意?！敬鸢浮緾/satisfied/satisfiedwith要點12atthefront 在前面intheshapeof……的形狀both...and...意為“……和……都；不但……而且……；既……又……”，【典例分析】1.為了能占個靠前的位置，她提早到了。Shearrivedearlytosecureaplace_______________________.2.游泳池呈心形。Theswimmingpoolwas____________________________________aheart.3.我和她都擅長英語。________she________I__________goodatEnglish.【答案】1.atthefront2.intheshapeof3.Bothandare要點13beconnectedto 與……相連besatisfiedwith 對……感到滿意mix...with... (使……與……)相混breakdown 停止運轉(zhuǎn)；出故障【典例分析】1.廚房和客廳是連著的。Thekitchen_______________________thelivingroom.2.聽說和讀寫有密切的關(guān)系。Listeningandspeaking__________closely_________________readingandwriting.3.油不能和水混合在一起。Oilcan’t_____________________________water.4.我的電腦出故障了。Mycomputer____________________.5.老師對我們的成績很滿意。Theteacher____________________________ourgrades.【答案】1.isconnectedto2.isconnectedwith3.bemixedwith4.brokedown5.issatisfiedwith1.過去進行時的構(gòu)成：肯定句形式：主語+was/were+動詞的現(xiàn)在分詞.否定句形式：主語+wasnot(wasn’t)/werenot(weren’t)+動詞的現(xiàn)在分詞.一般疑問句形式：Was/Were+主語+動詞的現(xiàn)在分詞?肯定回答：Yes,主語+was/were.否定回答：No,主語+wasnot(wasn’t)/werenot(weren’t).2.過去進行時的基本用法：(1)過去進行時表示過去某一段時間或某一時刻正在進行的動作。常用的時間狀語有：atthattime/moment,(at)thistimeyesterday(lastnight/Sunday/week…),at+幾點鐘+yesterday(lastnight/Sunday…)，whensb.didsth.等。(2)when和while表示“當……的時候”時，when后面通常接短暫性動詞的一般時態(tài)，while后面通常接持續(xù)性動詞的進行時態(tài)?！镜淅治觥坑盟o單詞的適當形式填空1.Whilewe________________(wait)forthebus,agirl________(run)uptous.【答案】waswaitingran.當一件事情正在進行時，另一件事情發(fā)生了。2.I________________(telephone)afriendwhenBob____________(come)in.【答案】wastelephoningcamewhen后面一般是非延續(xù)性動詞。3.Jim___________(jump)onthebusasit__________(move)away.【答案】jumpedwasmoving4.Whilemother____________(put)Cathytobed,thedoorbell___________(ring).【答案】wasputtingrang5.AsI___________(walk)inthepark,it_____(begin)torain.【答案】waswalkingbegan6.We_______________(test)thenewmachinewhentheelectricity__________(go)off.【答案】wastestingwent7.Hesaidhe_____________(help)hissisterwithhomeworkatthattime.【答案】washelping8.Whilewe_____________(wait)forthebus,anoldmanfelldown.【答案】werewaiting知識要點三、書面表達【話題分析】用對比的方法談?wù)撨^去，未來的生活?！径陶Z積累】1.將來________________________ 2.曾經(jīng)___________________________3.外出________________________ 4.看起來像…______________________5.對……感興趣________________ 6.為…感到自豪____________________7.持續(xù)_______________________ 8.長大____________________________9.夢想；渴望_________________ 10.實現(xiàn)___________________________11.最喜歡的愛好______________ 12.在晴朗的夜晚____________________13.以一種生動的方式___________ 14.超過____________________________15.實現(xiàn)某人的夢想_____________ 16.把……變成……_________________【答案】1.inthefuture2.usedto3.gooutside4.looklike5.becomeinterestedin6.beproudof7.lastfor8.growup9.dreamof10.cometrue11.favoritehobby12.onclearnights13.inalivelyway14.morethan15.achieveone’sdream16.turn…into…【句式積累】翻譯下列句子1.我曾經(jīng)集了很多郵票?！敬鸢浮縄usedtocollectalotofstamps.2.我最喜歡的愛好是看書?！敬鸢浮縈yfavouritehobbyisreadingbooks.3.我更喜歡一個人讀書?！敬鸢浮縄prefertoreadbymyself.4.我喜歡閱讀是因為它幫助我更多地認識這個世界?！敬鸢浮縄likereadingbecauseithelpsmelearnmoreabouttheworld.5.我將來想當一名作家?！敬鸢浮縄wouldliketobeawriterinthefuture.6.當我回到家的時候