中考英語(yǔ)總復(fù)習(xí)語(yǔ)法知識(shí)第10節(jié)動(dòng)詞的語(yǔ)態(tài)課件

中考語(yǔ)法知識(shí)第十節(jié)動(dòng)詞的語(yǔ)態(tài)廣東省卷近4年中考統(tǒng)計(jì)(※語(yǔ)法選擇◆完形填空★短文填空)考點(diǎn)2020年2021年2022年2023年一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)————一般過(guò)去時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)※wereinvented※wereinvited※wereasked※wereinvited廣東省卷近4年中考統(tǒng)計(jì)(※語(yǔ)法選擇◆完形填空★短文填空)考點(diǎn)2020年2021年2022年2023年一般將來(lái)時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)————含情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)————廣東省卷近4年中考統(tǒng)計(jì)(※語(yǔ)法選擇◆完形填空★短文填空)命題趨向被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的考查范圍主要是初中階段學(xué)過(guò)的三種被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的正確使用(即一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)、一般過(guò)去時(shí)和一般將來(lái)時(shí))。但實(shí)際上，在過(guò)去的四年均考查的是一般過(guò)去時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。請(qǐng)?zhí)貏e注意掌握被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)在具體語(yǔ)境中的正確使用，加強(qiáng)針對(duì)性訓(xùn)練。中考說(shuō)明從近4年的廣東中考的考查情況來(lái)看，被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)是必考點(diǎn)，每年均考查1題。2024年備考時(shí)要熟練掌握考綱要求掌握的三種被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的構(gòu)成和用法。英語(yǔ)有兩種語(yǔ)態(tài)：主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)和被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)表示主語(yǔ)是動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者，

被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)表示主語(yǔ)是動(dòng)作的承受者，

即行為動(dòng)作的對(duì)象。值得注意的是，只有及物動(dòng)詞才有被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，不及物動(dòng)詞是沒(méi)有被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的。考點(diǎn)一：被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的構(gòu)成與用法一、被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的構(gòu)成類型構(gòu)成例句一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)am/is/are＋doneThetreesareplantedbythestudentseveryyear.一般過(guò)去時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)was/were＋doneThetreeswereplantedbythestudentslastyear.類型構(gòu)成例句一般將來(lái)時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)willbe＋doneThetreeswillbeplantedbythestudentsnextyear.現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)*has/havebeen＋doneThetreeshavebeenplantedbythestudents.類型構(gòu)成例句現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)*am/is/are＋beingdoneThetreesarebeingplantedbythestudents.含有情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)*情態(tài)動(dòng)詞＋be＋doneThetreesshouldbeplantedbythestudents.類型構(gòu)成例句使役動(dòng)詞的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)(通?？疾閙ake)*sb.bemadetodoThestudentsaremadetoplantthetrees.感官動(dòng)詞的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)(通常考查see,hear等)*sb.beseen/heardtodoThestudentsareseentoplantthetrees.(注：帶有*的內(nèi)容，不屬于最新“課標(biāo)”的要求，供學(xué)有余力的考生參考使用)二、被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的用法序號(hào)用法例句1當(dāng)不知道動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者是誰(shuí)時(shí)Thetreeswereplantedmanyyearsago.2在沒(méi)必要或不想指出動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者是誰(shuí)時(shí)Lotsoffoodwassenttodifferentareasjustnow.3當(dāng)強(qiáng)調(diào)或突出動(dòng)作的承受者時(shí)Anotherbridgewillbebuiltnextyear.【針對(duì)練習(xí)】(

)1．(2023陜西A卷，10)Becauseofthis，youwouldsometimesgetmadandmakeloudnoises.NowIknowyourfeelingsandI________byyourbook.I’mgoingtowritetoyouinafewdaystotellyoumore.A．a(chǎn)mencouraged B．willbeencouragedC．encourage D．willencourageA

(

)2．(2023揚(yáng)州，12)Sandturnstoglasswhenit______bylightning.A．hits B．ishitC．ishitting D．willbehit(

)3．(2023河北，10)Breakfast________everydayforpeopleagedover60forfreeinthisvillage.A．provides B．providedC．isprovided D．wasprovidedB

C

(

)4．Thereceptionisttoldmethatfreeparking________tothehotelguests.A．offers B．offered C．willbeoffered D．wasoffered(

)5．ThetimetoleaveforHainan________nextFriday.A．isdecided B．wasdecidedC．willbedecided D．hasbeendecidedD

C

考點(diǎn)二：主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)變被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的特殊情況主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)變被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的方法例句帶雙賓語(yǔ)的句子通常把間接賓語(yǔ)變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的主語(yǔ)，

直接賓語(yǔ)仍保留在原位Mymothergavemeahat.→Iwasgivenahat(bymymother).把直接賓語(yǔ)變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的主語(yǔ)時(shí)，

則要在間接賓語(yǔ)前加介詞Mymothergavemeahatyesterday.→Ahatwasgiventome(bymymother)yesterday.主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)變被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的方法例句某些不帶to的不定式某些動(dòng)詞，

如make,see,hear,watch,notice等后常跟不帶to的不定式，

變被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)時(shí)要加toHemakesmedothisorthat.→Iammadetodothisorthat.“不及物動(dòng)詞＋介詞或副詞”的動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)這類動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)時(shí)，

其中的介詞或副詞不能少M(fèi)ymotherlooksafterusverywell.→Wearelookedafterverywell(bymymother).主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)變被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的方法例句常用主動(dòng)表被動(dòng)的動(dòng)詞write,read,sell,clean,wash,cut,burn,drive等詞作不及物動(dòng)詞，

且主語(yǔ)為物時(shí)，

可用主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)表示被動(dòng)含義Thisbooksellswell.某些系動(dòng)詞，

如feel,look,sound,smell,taste等，

可用主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)表示被動(dòng)含義Theflowerlooksnice.主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)變被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的方法例句常用主動(dòng)表被動(dòng)的動(dòng)詞表示“需要”的動(dòng)詞(want,need,require)后接動(dòng)名詞時(shí)表示被動(dòng)含義Theroomneedscleaning.在beworthdoing中，doing表示被動(dòng)含義Thishouseisworthbuying.【針對(duì)練習(xí)】(

)1．(2023鄂州，6)—Whatlanguage________inGermany?—MostpeoplespeakGerman,butmanycanspeakEnglish，too.A．speak B．isspokenC．isspeaking D．speaksB

(

)2．(2023安徽，5)Computershaveagreatinfluenceonlearningmethodssincethey__________intoschools.A．introduce B．introducedC．a(chǎn)reintroduced D．wereintroduced(

)3．Itwassaidthatthebabycould______byLinFeng.A．betakengoodcareof B．betakengoodcareC．takegoodcareof D．takegoodcareD

A

(

)4．—Dinnerisready.Helpyourself!—Wow!It_______delicious.Youarereallygoodatcooking.A．sells B．soundsC．tastes D．feels(

)5．Theskirt________softasifitismadeofsilk.A．sounds B．tastesC．feels D．smellsC

C

一、單項(xiàng)選擇(

)1．Withtherapidprogressinhightechnology,6G________aroundmostpartsofChinainthenearfuture.A．isused B．isusingC．willuse D．willbeusedD

(

)2．—Youlooksohappytoday!—Mysuggestiontohaveaparty________bymyclassyesterday.A．wasaccepted B．a(chǎn)cceptsC．isaccepted D．a(chǎn)cceptedA

(

)3．Thesemachines________intheirfactorybythemselveslastyear.A．make B．madeC．a(chǎn)remade D．weremadeD

(

)4．—Whatdoyouthinkofyesterday’sactivityinyourcommunity?—Wonderful.Alotofusefuladvice________onself-protection.A．isoffered B．a(chǎn)reoffered C．wasoffered D．wereofferedC

(

)5．—Peter,whatdifficultyhaveyouhad________Englishsofar?—I’mweakinlistening.Luckily,Ioftengetsomeadvicethat’sworth________fromMissWu.A．tolearn;beingtaken B．tolearn;takingC．learning;beingtaken D．learning;takingD

(

)6．WhenTim_________whyhewaslateforschool，hejustkeptsilent.A．wasasked B．a(chǎn)skedC．wasasking D．isasked(

)7．WhentheSportsPark________,itwillbeagreatplaceforexercisingandrelaxing.A．hasbuilt B．willbuildC．willbebuilt D．isbuiltA

D

(

)8．—Iheardthatourschooliscollectingsecond-handbooksandtoys.—Yes,they________tosomeprimaryschoolsinpoorareasforfree.A．a(chǎn)resent B．willbesentC．weresent D．havebeensentB

(

)9．Thesecakes________withchocolate.Haveone,please.A．fill B．filledC．a(chǎn)refilled D．werefilledC

(

)10．TheChinaInternationalSearchandRescueTeamhasbroughthelpandhopetopeopleindisastersaroundtheworldsinceit________18yearsago.A．setup B．issetupC．wassetup D．willbesetupC

(

)11．Hiscar________fiveyearsago,butitlooksquitenew.A．buys B．boughtC．isbought D．wasbought(

)12．Ginawenttothedoctoryesterdayandshe_______abouttheimportanceofgoodlivinghabitsoncemore.A．told B．istoldC．wastold D．hastoldD

C

(

)13．—Thepassengerrefusedtomoveaftertakinganotherone’sseat!—Whatashame!He________accordingtothenewcreditsystem(誠(chéng)信體系).A．punish B．punishedC．willpunish D．willbepunishedD

(

)14．—Oh，Yourroomistoodirty,Mike!—Sorry,Mom.It________yesterday.Iforgottodoit.A．didn’tclean B．isn’tcleanedC．wascleaned D．wasn’tcleaned(

)15．Thevillagersexpectthatthebuildingofthebridge________beforetherainyseasoncomes.A．iscompleted B．wascompletedC．willbecompleted D．hasbeencompletedD

C

二、完成句子1．Chinaisgettingstrongerandstronger,soChinese____________________moreandmoreforeigners.中國(guó)變得越來(lái)越強(qiáng)大，

所以漢語(yǔ)被越來(lái)越多的外國(guó)人學(xué)習(xí)。2．WhenIwasyoung,I______________________bymygrandparents.在我小的時(shí)候，

我由我的(外)祖父母照顧。is

learned

by

was

looked

after

3．IfI________________,Iwillgotohisbirthdaypartyontime.如果我被邀請(qǐng)，

我會(huì)準(zhǔn)時(shí)參加他的生日聚會(huì)。4．Iknowhowteaisproduced.Whentealeavesareready,they____________byhandandthen__________forprocessing.我知道茶是怎么生產(chǎn)的。當(dāng)茶葉準(zhǔn)備好后，

手工采摘，

然后送去加工。am

invited

are

picked

are

sent

5．Asthemostexcitingandtraditionalwaytoshop,streetmarkets_____