第10講-Unit-3-單詞詞組短語知識點講解(選修第一冊)(原卷版)

第08講Unit3單詞詞組短語知識點講解1．了解本單元的單詞和詞組等重要語言點。2．可以根據(jù)本節(jié)課的內容來完成一些習題。1.buffetvt.連續(xù)猛擊；打來打去n.自助餐Iwakeuptothesoundofthewindbuffetingtheclothofmytent.風噼里啪啦地拍打著我的帳篷，我在這聲響中醒來。(1)vt.連續(xù)猛擊；打來打去Therainbuffetedthewindow.Icouldn'tfallasleepatall.大雨拍打著窗戶，我根本無法入睡。(2)n.自助餐WehadfreebuffetlunchintheChineserestaurantthatday.那天我們在中國餐館吃了個免費的自助午餐。(3)n.(旅館、車站等處的）餐飲部Wesatinthestationbuffetsippingtea.我們坐在車站的自助餐廳喝茶。(4)n.飲食柜臺Johncaughtmylookandwebothgotupand,ignoringthewaiter,madeourwaytothebuffet.約翰領會了我的眼神，我們兩個都站了起來，沒有理瞇那個侍者，朝自助臺走去。[知識拓展](1)buffetsb./sth. 連續(xù)猛擊某人/物buffetone'sway 打開一條路(尤指在困難條件下)； (船)乘風破浪(2)abuffetlunch 自助午餐[即學即練]——單句語法填空/完成句子①We(buffet)bythewindandtherainonthewaytoschoolyesterday.②Couldyouprovidecoffeeandbuffetlunchatnoon?③Theshipbuffeted(it)waythroughthewaves.④之后，她請我們在他們的員工餐廳吃了一頓簡單的自助午餐。Afterwards,sheinvitedusforintheirstaffcafeteria.2.edgen．邊；邊緣；邊線；刀刃vt.&vi.(使)徐徐移動；給……加邊(教材P26)Ileavemytentandwalkovertothemountainedge.我離開帳篷，走到山邊?！?2019·浙江高考)Ontheedgeofthejacket,thereisapieceofclothwhichgivesofflightinthedark.在夾克的邊上有一塊布,可以在黑暗中發(fā)出光亮?！鵗hegamehadthecrowdontheedgeoftheirseats.這場比賽使觀眾興奮不已?！鵌t’squiteawhilebeforedinner,herethisapplewilltaketheedgeoffyourhunger.吃飯還要等會,來,這個蘋果將不會讓你很餓。(1)n.[C]邊；邊緣Thesunwaspushingitswayovertheedgeoftheworld.太陽在天邊緩緩升起。(2)n.刀口；刃；利刃Theknifehasno/asharpedge.刀子不/很鋒利。(3)n.優(yōu)勢have/gainanedgeon/over比……占優(yōu)勢；勝過Ican'tbeatyouattennis,butIhave/gainanedgeonyouinping-pong.我打網(wǎng)球不如你，但打乒乓球我比你強。(4)ut.&vi.(使）徐徐移動Weslowlyedgedourwaytowardstheexit.我們向出口緩慢移動。(5)v.給……加邊Shelostahandkerchiefedgedwithblue她丟了一塊鑲藍邊的手絹。[知識拓展](1)edgetowards... 朝……緩慢移動edgealong... 沿……緩慢移動(2)onedge 豎著；直立著；緊張不安的attheedgeof 在……邊緣處[即學即練]——單句語法填空/完成句子①Weslowlyedgedourwaytheexit.②Neverhadshefeltsoedgebeforeaninterview.③Soonwewereattheedgethewoods.④他站在懸崖邊上。Hestood．3.banvt.明令禁止；取締n.禁令(教材P26)．..andallnewdevelopmentisbannedwithinparkboundaries.……在公園范圍內所有新的開發(fā)項目都被禁止。(1)vt.禁止；取締bansb.from(doing)sth.禁止某人（做）某事Thegovernmenthasbannedtheuseofchemicalweapons.政府已經(jīng)禁止使用化學武器。Shewasbannedfromthegamefortwoyearsafterfailingadrugtest.她沒通過藥檢，被禁賽兩年。(2)n.[C](常用單數(shù)）禁止；禁令Theyarenowprotectedbyaninternationalbanonwhaling.現(xiàn)在它們受到國際鯨魚禁捕令的保護。(3)n.[C]禁令（多與介詞on連用）。常見搭配：abanonsth.對某事的禁令imposeaban(on...)頒布（對……的）禁令lift/removeaban(on...)解除（對……的）禁令Thereisabanonparkinghere.這里禁止停車。Thecompanyhasimposedabanonovertime.這家公司頒布了對加班的禁令?！鵄llnewdevelopmentisbannedwithinparkboundaries.(教材典句)公園以內的所有新的開發(fā)都被禁止?！鵋ewillbebannedfromtakingpartininternationalcompetitionsforfouryears.他將被禁止參加國際比賽四年。※Chinaplacesgamblingunderban.在中國賭博是被禁止的?！鵌tissuggestedthatthereshouldbeabanonabusingantibioticsfromnowon.有人建議從現(xiàn)在開始應該嚴禁濫用抗生素。[知識拓展](1)ban(doing)sth. 禁止(做)某事bansb.fromdoingsth. 禁止某人做某事(2)abanon/againststh. 對某事的禁令place/put...underaban 禁止……[即學即練]——單句語法填空/完成句子單句語法填空①Hewasbannedenteringtheroomunlesspermitted.②Thecompanyhasputabanon(use)pirated(盜版的)software.（1）練基礎：單句語法填空①Hewasbannedenteringtheroomunlesspermitted.②Thecompanyhasputabanon(use)pirated(盜版的)software.（2）練能力：句式升級(普通表達)Thestudentsheremustn'tbringcellphonestoschool.③(高級表達)Thestudentsherecellphonestoschool.(被動語態(tài))[名師點津]“禁止某人做某事”的表達：bansb.fromdoinghibitsb.fromdoingsth.forbidsb.fromdoingsth.forbidsb.todosth.4.visibleadj.看得見的；可見的(教材P26)Atthefarsideofthevalley,anancientSamicottageisvisible.在山谷的遠處，可以看到一間古老的薩米人的小屋?！鵄tthefarsideofthevalley,anancientSamicottageisvisible.(教材典句)在山谷的另一邊可以看到古老的薩米人農(nóng)舍?！鵖hemadeavisibleefforttocontrolheranger.看得出她竭力控制自己不發(fā)火?！鵗herainhadstoppedandastarortwowasvisibleoverthemountains.雨已經(jīng)停了,山上有一兩顆星星可以看到?！鵖hewasinvisibleinthedarkoftheroom.她在昏暗的房間里別人看不到她?！鵗heincidenthadlefthimvisiblyangryandupset.那起事件顯然讓他既惱火又心煩。Despitehisoldage,hehasgoodvisionandhearing.盡管他年齡很大了，但是他有好的視力和聽力。Hisdesignshaveastrongvisualappeal.他的設計在視覺上很有感染力。Notonlyistheillustrationartthevisualexhibition,butalsotheconcentrationofculture.插圖藝術不僅是視覺的展示，更是文化的濃縮。[知識拓展]bevisibleto...……能看見[即學即練]——完成句子①這是一顆在天空中可見的星星。Itisinthesky.②里面的東西他們全都看得見。Itscontentsallofthem.③她站在昏暗的光線里，半隱半現(xiàn)。Shestood,inthedimlight.5.accompanyvt.陪同；陪伴；伴隨；(尤指用鋼琴)為……伴奏※Sincereindeerwerealwaysonthemove,theSamiwouldpickuptheirtentsandaccompanythem.(教材典句)因為馴鹿總是在移動,薩米人就搭起帳篷去陪伴它們。※Janewaswillingtoaccompanyyoutotheparktogooutforawalk.簡愿意陪你去公園散步?！鵚hileshewassingingonthestage,hermotherwasaccompanyingheronthepiano.當她在臺上唱歌的時候,她的媽媽在用鋼琴為她伴奏。[知識拓展](1)accompany

sb.=keep

pany陪伴某人

accompany

sb.

to

some

place

陪伴/陪同某人到某地

(2)accompany

sb.at/on

sth.用某物為某人伴奏

be

accompanied

by

由……伴奏/伴隨

(3)company

n.[U]陪伴；陪同

companion

n.[C]同伴；伙伴

in

the

company

of

sb.在某人的陪伴/陪同下（1）練基礎：單句語法填空①Thesingerwasaccompaniedthepianobyherhusband.②Thesuperstarshowedupatthecourt,(accompany)byhismanager.（2）練能力：句式升級(普通表達)Nobodyaccompaniedherduringthefestival.Theoldladyfeltlonely.③(高級表達)duringthefestival,theoldladyfeltlonely.(with復合結構)6.adoptvt.采用；采??；采納vt.&vi.領養(yǎng)(教材P27)IamnotaSami,butinSarekI'veadoptedsomeoftheirhabits.我不是薩米人，但在薩勒克，我接受了他們的一些習慣?！鵆hinahasadoptedaseriesofextraordinarypoliciesandmeasures,formingananti-povertytheorywithChinesecharacteristics.中國采取了一系列不同尋常的政策和措施,形成了具有中國特色的反貧困理論?！?2020·江蘇高考)Localorganizationscanadoptthemfor1pound,andinstalldefibrillatorstohelpinemergencies.當?shù)亟M織可以用1英鎊的價格來使用它們,并在緊急情況下安裝除顫器來幫忙※Heliveswithhisadoptedson.他跟他的養(yǎng)子一起生活?！鵐anyanimalwelfareorganizationsprovidecareandadoptionservicesforhomelessanimals.許多動物福利機構為無家可歸的動物們提供關愛和收養(yǎng)服務。(1)vt.采用；采納adoptasuggestion/view采納建議/觀點Theschooldecidedtoadoptnewmethodsofteachingforeignlanguages.學校決定采用新的外語教學方法。(2)ut.&vi.收養(yǎng)；領養(yǎng)adoptanorphan/adog收養(yǎng)孤兒/狗Thecoupleareunabletohavechildrenoftheirown,buthopetoadopt.這對夫婦自己不能生育，但希望領養(yǎng)孩子。[知識拓展](1)adoptsb.as...收養(yǎng)/挑選某人為……(2)adoptionn.收養(yǎng)；采用；通過(3)adoptedadj.領養(yǎng)的；收養(yǎng)的[詞塊]adoptone'sadvice/suggestions采納某人的建議adoptamethod/measure采用某種方法/采取措施adoptedson/daughter養(yǎng)子/養(yǎng)女；義子/義女（1）練基礎：單句語法填空①(2020·全國卷Ⅰ)Butthesport'sstrangeformdoesplaceconsiderablestressontheanklesandhips,sopeoplewithahistoryofsuchinjuriesmightwanttobecautiousin(adopt)thesport.②Manyanimalwelfareorganisationsprovidecareand(adopt)servicesforhomelessanimals.③Parentswhohavean(adopt)childwanttoknowwhethertheyshouldtellthechildheorsheisadopted.（2）練能力：詞匯升級/句式升級(普通表達)It'shightimeforustotakedifferentapproachestosolvingthesocialproblem.④(高級表達)It'shightimedifferentapproachestosolvingthesocialproblem.(that從句)[名師點津]adapt與adopt僅有一個字母之差，要注意它們的含義的區(qū)別：adopt“采納；收養(yǎng)”，而adapt“(使)適應；改編”。[小片段填空]Theyoungcouplehadnochildoftheirownand．Afterafewmonths,thechildcameto．這對年輕夫婦沒有親生的孩子，領養(yǎng)了一個孤兒。幾個月過后，這個孩子漸漸適應了他的新生活。7.setout出發(fā)；啟程；(懷著目標)開始工作(教材P27)Afterbreakfast,Ipackmybagandsetoutagain.早飯后，我收拾好行李又出發(fā)了?！鵖hecouldstillseetheopendoorwayofthewardrobeandevencatchaglimpseoftheemptyroomfromwhichshehadsetout.她仍能看到魔衣櫥的入口處,甚至還能瞥見她出發(fā)時的那個空房間。※(2020·全國Ⅲ卷)Thenextmorninghehiredaboatandsetouttofindthewell-knownpainter.第二天早上他雇了一艘船開始尋找那個知名的畫家?！?2019·北京高考)AliceMooreisateenagerentrepreneur,whoinMay2015setupherbusinessAilieCandy.愛麗絲·摩爾是一位十幾歲的企業(yè)家,她在2015年5月創(chuàng)辦了她的公司AilieCandy。[知識拓展]setout(todo...) 動身；起程；開始做setabout(doing...) 著手做setoff 出發(fā)；動身；使爆炸；引起setaside 留出；對……置之不理setdown 寫下；記下setup 建立；創(chuàng)立；安排[即學即練]——完成句子①為了避開擁擠的交通，我早早就動身去公司了。Iforthecompanyearlierinordertoavoidtheheavytraffic.②她每月都存一點兒錢。Sheabitofmoneyeverymonth.③她一回到家就開始打掃房間。Themomentshearrivedhome,she．④他被要求根據(jù)記憶把事實寫下來。Hewasaskedthefactsjustasherememberedthem.8.appealvi.有吸引力；呼吁；懇求；上訴n.吸引力；感染力；呼吁；上訴；請求(1)appealtosb.forsth.為某事向某人呼吁或懇求appealtosb.todosth.懇求/呼吁某人做某事sth.appeal(s)tosb.某物對某人有吸引力(2)makeanappealtosb.forsth.為某事向某人呼吁或懇求makeanappealtosb.todosth.懇求/呼吁某人做某事(3)appealingadj.有感染力的；有吸引力的[詞塊]appealtofriendsforhelp懇請朋友幫助appealtoeveryonetosavewater呼吁人人節(jié)約用水makeanappealformoneyandclothes呼吁捐錢捐衣物（1）練基礎：單句語法填空①(2019·全國卷Ⅲ)Mostnewspapershadlittleinthemthatwouldappealamassaudience.②(朗文辭典)Thepoliceareappealingtothepublicinformationaboutthecrime.③Ourschoolappealstothestudents(set)asideatleastanhoureverydaytotakeexerciseinordertoraiselearningefficiency.④(2018·全國卷Ⅰ)And,evenifIweren'texcitedenoughaboutfreecredits,newsaboutourinstructorwas(appeal)enoughtome.（2）練能力：詞匯升級(普通表達)YouradvertisementhasattractedmemuchsoIwanttogettheposition.⑤(高級表達)YouradvertisementhasmemuchsoIwanttotheposition.一、根據(jù)漢語意思填寫單詞1．It’sknowntousthatsmokingdomuchdamagetothe____(肺部).2．The

governmenthasmadelaws

to________(禁止)

tobacco

advertisements

onTV.3．Whenyou_________(打噴嚏),air

andoftensmalldropsofliquidsuddenlycomeoutof

your

nose

and

mouthyoucannot

control.4．Theyhaveno

children

of

their

own,butthey're

hoping

to___(領養(yǎng))one.5．Although

the

localpeople

are

aminority,

they

havefirm

control

of

the

_____(領土).6．Therain

hadstopped

and

a

staror

two

was

_________(可見的)

overthemountains.7．The

school

rul