《鋼結(jié)構(gòu)安裝》課件-2.2.2 高強(qiáng)度螺栓連接

2.2.2高強(qiáng)度螺栓

Highstrengthbolts一、高強(qiáng)度螺栓的規(guī)格First,thespecificationsofhigh-strengthbolts二、高強(qiáng)度螺栓的連接特點(diǎn)Second,theconnectioncharacteristicsofhigh-strengthbolts

一、高強(qiáng)度螺栓規(guī)格

First,thespecificationsofhigh-strengthbolts由45號、40Cr和20MnTiB鋼加工而成，并經(jīng)過熱處理Itismachinedfrom45,40Crand20MnTiBsteelandheattreated45號－8.8級；40Cr和20MnTiB－10.9級Class45-8.8;Class40Crand20MnTiB-10.9高強(qiáng)螺栓從外形上可分為：扭剪型高強(qiáng)螺栓和大六角頭高強(qiáng)螺栓。High-strengthboltscanbedividedintotorsion-shearhigh-strengthboltsandlargehexagonalheadhigh-strengthboltsfromtheshape一個(gè)連接副為一個(gè)螺栓、一個(gè)螺母和一個(gè)墊圈Oneconnectionpairisabolt,anutandawasher一個(gè)連接副為一個(gè)螺栓、一個(gè)螺母和二個(gè)墊圈Oneconnectionpairisabolt,anutandtwowashers二、高強(qiáng)度螺栓連接的特點(diǎn)Second,theconnectioncharacteristicsofhigh-strengthbolts按受力特征的不同高強(qiáng)度螺栓分為兩類：Accordingtothedifferentforcecharacteristics,high-strengthboltsaredividedintotwocategories:摩擦型高強(qiáng)度螺栓—通過板件間摩擦力傳遞內(nèi)力，

Frictiontypehigh-strengthbolt-internalforceistransmittedthroughfrictionbetweenplates,破壞準(zhǔn)則為克服摩擦力；Destructionofthecriterionforovercomingfriction;承壓型高強(qiáng)度螺栓—受力特征與普通螺栓類似。Pressure-bearinghigh-strengthbolts–theforcecharacteristicsaresimilartothoseofordinarybolts.1、高強(qiáng)度螺栓預(yù)拉力通過擰緊螺帽的方法，螺帽的緊固方法：1.High-strengthboltpre-tensionbytighteningthenutmethod,nuttighteningmethod:

A、轉(zhuǎn)角法

A.Cornermethod

施工方法：

Constructionmethod:

初擰—用普通扳手?jǐn)Q至不動(dòng)，使板件貼緊密；

Initialscrewing-useanordinarywrenchtoscrewuntilitdoesnotmove,sothattheplateistightlyattached;

終擰—初擰基礎(chǔ)上用長扳手或電動(dòng)扳手再擰過一定的角度，一般為120o~180o完成終擰。

Finalscrewing-onthebasisoftheinitialscrewing,usealongwrenchorelectricwrenchtotwistacertainangle,generally120o~180otocompletethefinalscrew.

特點(diǎn)：預(yù)拉力的建立簡單、有效，但要防止欠擰、漏擰和超擰；

Features:Theestablishmentofpre-tensionissimpleandeffective,butitisnecessarytopreventunder-screwing,missingscrewingandover-screwingB、扭矩法B.Torquemethod施工方法：Constructionmethod:初擰—用力矩扳手?jǐn)Q至終擰力矩的30%~50%，使板件貼緊密；Initialscrewing-useatorquewrenchtoscrewto30%~50%ofthefinaltighteningtorquetomaketheplatesticktightly;終擰—初擰基礎(chǔ)上，按100%設(shè)計(jì)終擰力矩?cái)Q緊。Finaltightening-Onthebasisoftheinitialtightening,tightenaccordingto100%designfinaltighteningtorque.特點(diǎn)：簡單、易實(shí)施，但得到的預(yù)拉力誤差較大。Features:simpleandeasytoimplement,butthepre-tensionerrorobtainedislarge.C、扭斷螺栓桿尾部法（扭剪型高強(qiáng)度螺栓）

C.Twistboltrodtailmethod(torsion-shearhigh-strengthbolt)施工方法：Constructionmethod:初擰—擰至終擰力矩的60%~80%；Initialtightening-60%~80%ofthefinaltighteningtorque;終擰—初擰基礎(chǔ)上，以扭斷螺栓桿尾部為準(zhǔn)。Finalscrewing-onthebasisofinitialscrewing,thetailofthetorsionboltrodshallprevail.特點(diǎn)：施工簡單、技術(shù)要求低易實(shí)施、質(zhì)量易保證等Features:simpleconstruction,lowtechnicalrequirements,easytoimplement,easyqualityassurance,etc高強(qiáng)度螺栓的施工要求：Constructionrequirementsforhigh-strengthbolts:C、扭斷螺栓桿尾部法（扭剪型高強(qiáng)度螺栓）

C.Twistboltrodtailmethod(torsion-shearhigh-strengthbolt)由于高強(qiáng)度螺栓的承載力很大程度上取決于螺栓桿的預(yù)拉力，因此施工要求較嚴(yán)格：Sincethebearingcapacityofhigh-strengthboltslargelydependsonthepre-tensionoftheboltrod,theconstructionrequirementsarestrict:1）終擰力矩偏差不應(yīng)大于±10%；1)Thefinaltwistingtorquedeviationshouldnotbegreaterthan±10%;2）如發(fā)現(xiàn)欠、漏和超擰螺栓應(yīng)更換；2）Ifunderage,leakageandovertighteningboltsarefound,theyshouldbereplaced3）擰固順序先主后次，且當(dāng)天安裝，當(dāng)天終擰完。3)Thescrewingsequenceisfirst