【廣東廣州卷】2022年中考英語全真考場模擬卷（解析版）

PAGEPAGE20【廣東廣州卷】2022年中考英語全真考場模擬卷（本試卷共四大題，滿分90分。考試時間100分鐘。）注意事項：1.答卷前，考生務(wù)必在答題卡上用黑色字跡的鋼筆或簽字筆填寫自己的學校、班級、姓名，同時填寫考生號、座位號，再用2B鉛筆把對應(yīng)這兩個號碼的標號涂黑。2.選擇題每小題選出答案后，用2B鉛筆把答題卡上對應(yīng)題目的答案標號涂黑。如需改動，用椽皮擦干凈后，再選涂其他答案標號。不能答在試卷上。3.非選擇題必須用黑色字跡的鋼筆或簽字筆作答，答案必須寫在答題卡各題目指定區(qū)域的相應(yīng)位置上；如需要改動，先劃掉原來的答案，然后再寫上新的答案，改動的答案也不能超出指定的區(qū)域；不準使用鉛筆、圓珠筆和涂改液。不按以上要求作答的答案無效。4.考生必須保持答題卡的整潔，考試結(jié)束，將本試卷和答題卡一并交回。一、語法選擇（共15小題；每小題1分，滿分15分）閱讀下面短文,按照句子結(jié)構(gòu)的語法性和上下文連貫的要求，從1~15各題所給的A、Haveyoueverfeltuncomfortable?Manyof1feeluneasywhensomeonestandstooclose2us,talkstoustoo3ormakeseyecontactwithusfortoolong.Buthaveyoueverwonderedwhythosethingsmakeyouuncomfortable?It’sallaboutpersonalspace,whichmeansnotonly4imaginaryspacearoundthebody,butalsothespacearoundallthe5.Peoplefeelthattheirspaceisbeingviolated(侵犯)whentheymeetwithanunwelcomesound,smellorlook.Thisisprobablywhyamanonacrowdedbusshoutingintohismobilephoneorawomannexttoyouputtingonstrongperfume(香水)makesyoufeel6.7peoplehavehadastrongerwishtoprotecttheirpersonalspaceornotinrecenttimesishardtosay.Yetstudiesofairlinesshowthatpeoplehaveastrongdesire(渴望)tohavespaceto8.InasurveybyTripAdvisor,atravelwebsite,peoplesaidthatifthey9paymoreforsomeextraservice,theywouldratherhavelargerseatsthanextrafood.Althoughpeoplemayneedtheirpersonalspace,somehardlyrealizeit.Forexample,peopleonabuswhoholdnewspapers10theirfacestoreadinfactkeepadistancefromstrangers.Goandwatchalibrarytable.Youwillnotice11oneofthecornerseatswillusually12first,becausetheyarethefarthestway.Whatifsomeonesit13you?Maybeyouwillpileupbooksasiftomakeawall.Preference(偏好)forpersonalspacearedifferentfromculturetoculture.ScientistshavefoundthatAmericansgenerallyprefermorepersonalspacethanpeoplefrom14cultures.InLatin(拉丁人的)cultures,15,peoplearemorecomfortablestandingneareachother.1.A.we B.us C.our D.ours2.A.with B.in C.to D.at3.A.loudness B.louder C.loudly D.loudest4.A.a B.an C.the D./5.A.sense B.senses C.sensing D.sensings6.A.anger B.angry C.angers D.angrily7.A.Whether B.What C.That D.Which8.A.them B.their C.themselves D.they9.A.hasto B.haveto C.hadto D.havingto10.A.inthefront B.infront C.inthefrontof D.infrontof11.A.that B.what C.where D.if12.A.betaken B.betaking C.take D.takes13.A.oppositewith B.oppositeto C.oppositeat D.oppositefor14.A.another B.others C.other D.theothers15.A.but B.however C.either D.although【答案與解析】本文主要介紹人們對于個人空間的態(tài)度，并且不同的文化對此有不同的看法。1.句意：當有人站得離我們太近、說話聲音太大、目光接觸時間過長時，我們很多人都會感到不安。we我們，人稱代詞主格；us我們，人稱代詞賓格；our我們的，形容詞性物主代詞；ours我們的，名詞性物主代詞。根據(jù)后文“whensomeonestandstooclose…us,talkstoustoo…ormakeseyecontactwithusfortoolong.”可知，此處表示“我們”，用于介詞后使用賓格形式。故選B。2.句意：當有人站得離我們太近、說話聲音太大、目光接觸時間過長時，我們很多人都會感到不安。with和……一起；in在……里；to到……；at在……。此處構(gòu)成“closeto”短語，表示“離……近”。故選C。3.句意：當有人站得離我們太近、說話聲音太大、目光接觸時間過長時，我們很多人都會感到不安。loudness名詞，響度；louder形容詞比較級，更大聲的；loudly副詞，大聲地；loudest形容詞最高級，最大聲的。此處用于句中修飾動詞talks，所以使用副詞形式。故選C。4.句意：這一切都是關(guān)于個人空間，這不僅意味著身體周圍的想象空間，也意味著所有感官周圍的空間。a不定冠詞表泛指，用于輔音音素開頭的詞前；an不定冠詞表泛指，用于元音音素開頭的詞前；the定冠詞表特指；/零冠詞。此處特指身體周圍的想象空間，與后文的“thespacearoundallthesenses”構(gòu)成并列關(guān)系，均表特指。故選C。5.句意：這一切都是關(guān)于個人空間，這不僅意味著身體周圍的想象空間，也意味著所有感官周圍的空間。sense名詞原形，感覺；senses名詞復(fù)數(shù)，感覺；sensing動詞現(xiàn)在分詞，感覺到；sensings錯誤的表達方式。此處用于句中作賓語，sense是可數(shù)名詞，此前有all修飾，所以使用名詞復(fù)數(shù)形式。故選B。6.句意：這可能就是為什么在擁擠的公交車上，男人對著手機大喊大叫，或者你旁邊的女人噴香水，會讓你感到生氣。anger名詞，怒氣；angry形容詞，生氣的；angers錯誤的表達方式；angrily副詞，生氣地。此處用于系動詞feel后作表語，所以使用形容詞形式。故選B。7.句意：現(xiàn)在還很難說人們是否有更強烈的愿望來保護他們的個人空間。Whether是否；What什么；That無實際含義；Which哪個。此處構(gòu)成“whether…ornot”結(jié)構(gòu)，表示“是否”。故選A。8.句意：然而，對航空公司的研究表明，人們強烈希望擁有屬于自己的空間。them他們，人稱代詞賓格；their他們的，形容詞性物主代詞；themselves他們自己，反身代詞；they他們，人稱代詞主格。此處強調(diào)人們自己的空間，可用反身代詞表示。故選C。9.句意：在旅游網(wǎng)站TripAdvisor的一項調(diào)查中，人們表示，如果他們不得不為一些額外的服務(wù)支付更多的錢，他們寧愿有更大的座位，而不是額外的食物。hasto一般現(xiàn)在時的動詞三單；haveto一般現(xiàn)在時的動詞原形；hadto一般過去時；havingto現(xiàn)在分詞形式。此處是賓語從句，時態(tài)需滿足“主過從必過”，根據(jù)“said”可知，本句時態(tài)是一般過去時。故選C。10.句意：例如，在公交車上把報紙舉在面前閱讀的人實際上是和陌生人保持一定距離的。inthefront在前面；infront處于領(lǐng)先地位；inthefrontof在……前面（內(nèi)部）；infrontof在……前面（外部）。分析句子，此處表示“把報紙舉在面前”，強調(diào)外部的“在……前面”。故選D。11.句意：你會注意到，角落的座位通常會被先坐，因為這是最遠的位置。that無實際含義；what什么；where哪里；if如果，是否。此處是賓語從句，引導(dǎo)詞在從句中無實際含義，故選A。12.句意：你會注意到，角落的座位通常會被先坐，因為這是最遠的位置。本句主語oneofthecornerseats是動作take的承受者，應(yīng)使用被動語態(tài)；又因為用于will后，所以構(gòu)成“willbedone”結(jié)構(gòu)，是一般將來時的被動語態(tài)。故選A。13.句意：如果有人坐在你對面呢？根據(jù)“Maybeyouwillpileupbooksasiftomakeawall.”可知，是在面前做一個書墻，所以是針對對面的人，強調(diào)“對面”可用oppositeto表示。故選B。14.句意：科學家發(fā)現(xiàn)，與其他文化背景的人相比，美國人通常更喜歡私人空間。another三者及以上的另一個；others其他人；other其他的；theothers其余的。根據(jù)“than”可知，此處表示“與其他文化背景的人相比”，用于句中作定語修飾其后的名詞cultures。故選C。15.句意：然而，在拉丁文化中，人們站在一起更舒服。but但是；however然而；either要么，或者；although盡管。前文強調(diào)人們需要個人空間，此處表示拉丁文化中的不同情況，前后構(gòu)成轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，又因為其后有“，”，故選B。二、完形填空（共10小題；每小題1分，滿分10分）閱讀下面短文，掌握其大意，然后從16~25各題所給的A、B、C和D項中選出最佳選項，并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。16.A.handedout B.putdown C.tookback D.pointedat17.A.surprise B.sadness C.fear D.excitement18.A.collected B.exchanged C.marked D.selected19.A.direction B.position C.size D.colour20.A.revised B.answered C.returned D.read21.A.lives B.classrooms C.colleges D.studies22.A.symbol B.gift C.journey D.lesson23.A.earns B.develops C.provides D.changes24.A.specific B.unfriendly C.equal D.special25.A.stay B.contact C.satisfaction D.disappointment【答案】AAABDABCBD【解析】本文是一篇記敘文，講述了教授通過讓學生們做一份特殊的試卷而給學生們上了一堂生動的哲理課：不要太關(guān)注人生的不完美，要好好享受我們所擁有的美好。16.考查動詞短語辨析。句意：教授像往常一樣把考卷朝下發(fā)給學生。A.handedout分發(fā)；B.putdown放下，鎮(zhèn)壓；C.tookback取回；D.pointedout指向。根據(jù)下文“Afterhegavethemallout”可知，教授進教室后給學生們分發(fā)試卷。故選A。17.考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：教授看到大家臉上驚訝的表情，就告訴他們。A.surprise驚訝；B.sadness悲傷；C.fear害怕；D.excitement興奮。根據(jù)上文“Toeveryone'ssurprise”可知，此處是名詞surprise的詞匯復(fù)現(xiàn)。故選A。18.考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：快下課的時候，教授收好了所有的答卷，開始在所有學生面前逐一朗讀。A.collected收集；B.exchanged交換；C.marked標記；D.selected挑選。根據(jù)“andstartedreadingeachoneofthemaloudinfrontofallthestudents”可推知老師把分發(fā)下來的試卷收了上來。故選A。19.考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：他們無一例外地描述了黑點，試圖解釋它在紙中間的位置，等等。A.direction方向；B.position位置；C.size尺碼；D.color顏色。根據(jù)“inthemiddleofthesheet”可知，學生都在試圖解釋黑點的位置。故選B。20.考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：讀完這一切后，教室里安靜了下來，教授開始解釋。A.revised復(fù)習；B.answered回答；C.returned返回；D.read閱讀。根據(jù)“startedreadingeachoneofthemaloud”可知，此處是信息詞read的詞匯復(fù)現(xiàn)。故選D。21考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：每個人都關(guān)注著那個黑點，同樣的事情也發(fā)生在我們的生活中。A.lives生活；B.classrooms教室；C.colleges大學；D.studies研究。根據(jù)下文“Ourlife”可知，教授用這件事來比喻生活。故選A。22.考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我們的生命是一份充滿愛和關(guān)懷的禮物，我們總是有理由慶祝:大自然每天都在更新，我們身邊的朋友，我們賴以生存的工作，以及我們每天看到的奇跡。A.symbol象征；B.gift禮物；C.journey旅行；D.lesson課，教訓。根據(jù)“tocelebrate”可推知，我們的生活是一個充滿關(guān)愛的禮物。故選B。23.考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：我們的生命是一份充滿愛和關(guān)懷的禮物，我們總是有理由慶祝:大自然每天都在更新，我們身邊的朋友，我們賴以生存的工作，以及我們每天看到的奇跡。A.earns賺得，掙得；B.develops發(fā)展；C.provides提供；D.changes改變。根據(jù)語境可知，此處表示“提供謀生手段的工作”。故選C。24.考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：然而，我們堅持只關(guān)注那些黑點:讓我們擔心的健康問題、缺錢、與同事的關(guān)系不友好、對朋友的失望等等。A.specific明確的，具體的；B.unfriendly不友好的；C.equal平等的；D.special特殊的。根據(jù)“worry”和“l(fā)ack”以及“thedarkspots”可知此處是指與同事之間關(guān)系相處艱難。故選B。25.考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：然而，我們堅持只關(guān)注那些黑點:讓我們擔心的健康問題、缺錢、與同事的關(guān)系不友好、對朋友的失望等等。A.stay停留；B.contact聯(lián)系；C.satisfaction滿足；D.disappointment失望。根據(jù)上文描述“thehealthproblemsthatworryus,thelackofmoney,theunfriendlyrelationshipwithworkmates”可知，這些都是生活中讓人感到失望的事情。故選D。三、閱讀（共兩節(jié)，滿分35分）第一節(jié)閱讀理解（共15小題；每小題2分，滿分30分）閱讀下列短文，從26~40各題所給的A、B、C和D項中選出最佳選項，并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。(A)You’llneedtocreateapasswordtodojustabouteverythingontheWeb,suchascheckingyouremail,bankingonline,logginginWeChatandsoon.Andwhileit’ssimplertouseashort,easy-to-rememberpassword,thiscanalsocauseseriousriskstoyouronlinesafety.Toprotectyourselfandyourinformation,you’llwanttousepasswordsthatarelong,strong,anddifficultforsomeoneelsetoguesswhilestillkeepingthemeasyforyoutoremember.Astrongpasswordisonethat’seasyforyoutorememberbutdifficultforotherstoguess.Let’stakealookatsomeofthemostimportantthingstothinkwhensettingapassword.First,neverusepersonalinformationsuchasyourname,birthday,user’sname,oremailaddress.Thistypeofinformationisoftenpubliclyavailable(可獲得的),whichmakesiteasierforsomeonetoguessyourpassword.Second,usealongerpassword.Yourpasswordsshouldbeatleastsixcharacterslongorevenlonger.Then,don’tusethesamepasswordforeachaccount(賬戶).Ifsomeonediscoversyourpasswordforoneaccount,allofyourotheraccountswillbeindanger.Youcantrytousenumbers,symbols,andbothcapitalandsmallletters.Youhavetoavoidusingwordsthatcanbefoundinthedictionary.Like“swimming”,itwouldbeaweakpassword.Sorandom(隨機的)passwordsarethestrongest.Insteadofwritingyourpasswordsonpaperlikebooksornotebookswheresomeonemightfindthem,youcanuseapasswordmanager(akindofApp)tostorethemsafelyonline.Passwordmanagerscanrememberandenteryourpasswordondifferentwebsites.Thatmeansyouwon’thavetorememberlongerpasswords.Soitisagoodandsafewaytokeepyourpasswords.26.Theunderlinedword“this”refersto________.A.checkingyouremail B.bankingonlineC.usingashortpassword D.sharinginformation27.Accordingtothepassage,“________”isthestrongestpassword.A.20080618 B.Sywi2008! C.Swimming D.Betty!28.Thelastparagraphismainlyabout________.A.whentostoreyourpasswordsB.howtosetsafepasswordsC.whentorememberpasswordsD.howtokeeppasswordssafely29.Thepurposeofthispassageismainlyto________.A.encouragepeopletocheckemailsandbankingonlineB.helppeoplewithsettingandstoringsafepasswordsC.stoppeoplefromusingtheirpersonalinformationonlineD.tellpeoplethedifferencesbetweeneasyanddifficultpasswords【答案與解析】本文主要講述了密碼的安全問題，同時介紹了密碼設(shè)置和保存的方式。26.推理判斷題。根據(jù)“Andwhileit’ssimplertouseashort,easy-to-rememberpassword,thiscanalsocauseseriousriskstoyouronlinesafety.”可知，雖然使用簡短易記的密碼更簡單，但這也會給你的上網(wǎng)安全帶來嚴重風險。this指代的是usingashortpassword“使用短密碼”。故選C。27.推理判斷題。根據(jù)“Youcantrytousenumbers,symbols,andbothcapitalandsmallletters.”和“Sorandom(隨機的)passwordsarethestrongest.”可知，密碼可以嘗試使用數(shù)字、符號以及大寫和小寫字母，同時最好是沒有規(guī)律性的。結(jié)合選項可知，B選項最符合。故選B。28.段落大意題。根據(jù)“Soitisagoodandsafewaytokeepyourpasswords.”可知，最后一段主要講述了安全保存密碼的方式，即如何安全保存密碼。故選D。29.推理判斷題。根據(jù)全文內(nèi)容可知，本文主要講述了密碼的安全問題，同時介紹了密碼設(shè)置和保存的方式。故本文的目的是為了幫助人們設(shè)置和存儲安全密碼。故選B。(B)“Youcantuneapiano,butyoucan’ttunafish.”Uponreadingthesentence,you’reeitherlaughing,scratchingyourheadorrollingyoureyes.Welcometotheworldofpuns.Apunisacleverandhumoroususeofawordorphrasewithtwomeanings,orofwordswiththesamesoundbutdifferentmeanings.Forexample,inthefirstsentence,theusageof“tuna”isapunbecauseitsoundslike“tunea”.Ofcourseyoucan't“tunea”fish,butit'sacleverwayofusingwordsinanunexpectedway.Peoplegenerallyeitherlovepunsorhatethem.TheyhavealonghistorythroughoutmanyculturesoftheworldincludingancientEgypt,MesopotamiaandChina.IntheWesternworld,theEnglishplaywrightWilliamShakespeareisprobablythemostwell-knownpunster.“Theycanshowhowcleveryouare.”PeterMcGraw,thedirectoroftheHumorResearchLabattheUniversity,ofColoradointheUSsaid.“Itdependsonaperson’sabilitytounderstandthecomplexitiesandsmalldifferencesofwordsbecausepunsareatooltoputmoremeaningsintofewerwords.”PunsareusedwidelythroughoutpopularcultureonTV,adcampaignsandmarketing.Forexample,walkdownanyBritishshoppingstreetandyouwillfindshopswithinterestingnames,suchasaweight-losscentrecalled“StopWeighting”,thebutcher’scalled“MeatYouHere”andafishandchipsshopcalled“ThePlaicetoEnjoy”.Youcantrywritingyourownpuns,butremember,don’twritewithabrokenpencilbecauseit’spointless.30．Apunisaformthat_______.A．useswordsinacleverandsurprisingway B．putswordswiththesamemeaningtogetherC．changesthemeaningsofthewordsorphrases D．showstherelationshipbetweenpianosandfish31．FromPeterMcGraw’swords,wecanlearnthat_______.A．therearejustafewwordsinonepun B．punsareatooltoknowmeaningsofwordsC．differencesbetweentwopunsarehardtotell D．understandingpunsrequiresintelligentreaders32．Theunderlinedword“Plaice”inthepassagerefersto_______.A．a(chǎn)specialdaytogettogether B．a(chǎn)greatplacetobuytoysC．a(chǎn)typeofseafishusedforfood D．a(chǎn)TVprogrammetolearncooking33．Whatisthewritingpurposeofthispassage?A．Totelltheimportanceofpuns. B．Tosharesomefactsaboutpuns.C．Togivesomeexamplesofpuns. D．Tointroducethehistoryofpuns.30．A31．D32．C33．B【解析】本文主要介紹了什么是雙關(guān)語，它是如何起作用的以及它的應(yīng)用情況。30．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Apunisacleverandhumoroususeofawordorphrasewithtwomeanings,orofwordswiththesamesoundbutdifferentmeanings.”可知雙關(guān)語是一種以一種聰明和令人驚訝的方式使用單詞的形式。故選A。31．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)PeterMcGraw的話“Theycanshowhowcleveryouare.”可知理解雙關(guān)語需要聰明的讀者。故選D。32．詞義猜測題。根據(jù)“afishandchipsshopcalled‘ThePlaicetoEnjoy’”可知此處是一家炸魚薯條店，由此推出“Plaice”應(yīng)是用作食物的一種海魚。故選C。33．主旨大意題。本文主要介紹了什么是雙關(guān)語，它是如何起作用的以及它的應(yīng)用情況。寫作目的是分享一些關(guān)于雙關(guān)語的事實。故選B。(C)StepsintheDesignProcessIdentify(設(shè)定)aproblemThefirststepinthedesignprocessistosetaproblem.Supposeyourpet’stoyisbehindabigpieceoffurniture.It’stooheavytomove,andyoucan’treach.You’vejustidentifiedaproblem.Youneedtogetthetoyback.Youcouldusealongsetoftongstopickuptheobject.ProposeasolutionThenextstepistothinkofpossiblesolutions.Solutionsareideastosolvetheproblem.Whataresomeideasthatcouldhelpsolveyourproblem?Pickthebestonetotry.Talktopeople,watch,anddoresearch.Whatmaterialsareneeded?Aretheyathand?Arethereanyrisks?BuildamodelBuildamodeltotestyourideas.Amodelhelpsyouunderstandhowyoursolutionworks.Howmuchwoulditcosttomake?YoucouldputsomethingstickyattheendofameterstickandtrytogettheobjectYoucoulduseameterstickwithamagnetonastringtoattracttheobject.TestthedesignInventorstesttheirdesignbyaskingquestions.Doesthe

invention

do

whatitwasdesignedtodo?Why?Whynot?Asmartinventoralsoasksotherstotesttheinventionandthenlistenstothem.Iftheinventiondoesnotwork,theinventorwouldhavetorevise(修改)ituntilheissatisfied.ExplainthedesignFinallyyoucommunicatehowyousolvetheproblem.Communicationcanbelikeashowandtell.Youcanalsousegroupdiscussions,writtenreports,andpictures.Ifyou’vemadeaproductyouwanttosell,younameitandadvertiseit.34.Thepageaboveismostlikelytobetakenfroma_________.A.tourists’guide B.students’book C.dailynewspaper D.sciencemagazine35.Whatproblemarethethreesolutionsdesignedtosolve?A.Togetsomethingyoucan’treach. B.Tomakeiteasiertodroplitterintothebin.C.Toattractthelongmetrestick. D.Toplayatrickonyourfavouritepet.36.WhichofthefollowingshowsthecorrectorderofthestepsbetweenIdentifyaproblemandExplainthedesigninthebox?A. B. C. D.【答案與解析】本文主要說明了如何進行一項設(shè)計，具體可以通過：設(shè)定問題、提出方案、建立模型、測試設(shè)計、解釋設(shè)計來進行。34.推理判斷題。根據(jù)文中“yourpet’stoy”可知，這是來自于學生或小孩的文章中的，結(jié)合選項可知，“students’book”符合題意。故選B。35.推理判斷題。根據(jù)文中“Solutionsareideastosolvetheproblem.Whataresomeideasthatcouldhelpsolveyourproblem?…Arethereanyrisks?”可知，解決方案的提出是為了解決問題，B和C只是一種過程性的動作，所以排除；D項不是為了解決問題，也應(yīng)該排除；A項“得到夠不到的東西”，是為了解決問題，符合題意。故選A。36.排列順序題。根據(jù)文章大意可知，進行一項設(shè)計，具體可以通過：設(shè)定問題、提出方案、建立模型、測試設(shè)計、解釋設(shè)計來進行；根據(jù)文中“Iftheinventiondoesnotwork,theinventorwouldhavetorevise(修改)ituntilheissatisfied.”可知，如果發(fā)明沒有效果，發(fā)明人將不得不修改直到他滿意為止，這里修改的是模型。故選D。(D)AnewresearchpublishedinNatureMachineIntelligencesuggeststhatteachingmaterialsscience,mechanicalengineering,computerscience,biologyandchemistryasacombineddiscipline(綜合學科)couldhelpstudentsdeveloptheskillstheyneedtocreatelifelikeartificiallyintelligent(AI)robotsasresearchers.KnownasPhysicalAI,theserobotswillbedesignedtolookandbehavelikehumansorotheranimals.Atthesametime,theywillownintelligence(智力)normallyconnectedwithbiologicalorganisms(生物有機體).Theserobotscouldinfuturehelphumansatworkandindailyliving,performingtasksthataredangerousforhumansandhelpingwithmedicine,caregiving,security,buildingandindustry.However,today’srobotsandbiologicalbeingsexistseparatelyandtheintelligenceofthetwohavenotyetbeencombined.Co-leadauthorProfessorMirkoKovacsaid,“Thedevelopmentofrobot‘bodies’hasgreatlyfallenbehindthedevelopmentofrobot‘brains’.UnlikedigitalAI,whichhasbeenstudieddeeplyinthelastfewdecades,breathingphysicalintelligenceintorobotshasremainedrelativelyunexplored.”Theresearcherssaythatthereasonforthisgapmightbethatnosystematiceducationalmethodhasyetbeendevelopedforteachingstudentsandresearcherstocreaterobotbodiesandbrainscombinedaswholeunits.Thisnewresearchsuggestsawayofovercomingthegapbycombiningscientificdisciplinestohelpfutureresearcherscreatelifelikerobotswithabilitiessuchasdevelopingbodilycontrol,autonomyandsensingatthesametime.ProfessorKovacsaid,“WepicturePhysicalAIrobotsbeingdevelopedinthelabbyusingunusualmaterialsandresearchmethods.Cross-disciplinarycooperationandpartnershipswillbeveryimportant.”TheresearchersalsoadvisestrengtheningresearchactivitiesinPhysicalAIbysupportingteachersonboththeinstitutionalandcommunitylevel.Theysuggesthiringandsupportinguniversityeducatorswhosepriority(重點)willbecross-disciplinaryPhysicalAIresearch.“Creatinglifelikerobotshasbeenanimpossibletasksofar,butitcouldbemadepossiblebyincludingPhysicalAIinthehigheducationsystem,”Kovacsaid.Wehopethattheresearchers’workwillencourageactivediscussionofthetopicandwillleadtocombinationofPhysicalAIdisciplinesintheeducationalmainstream.TheresearchersintendtocarryoutthePhysicalAImethodologyintheirresearchandeducationactivitiestohelpbuildhuman-robotecosystems.37．WhatdoweknowaboutPhysicalAIrobotsaccordingtothepassage?A．Theyhavebeenabletohelphumansatwork.B．Theywillhavehumanbrainsandanimalbodies.C．Theyhavebeendesignedtolookandactlikehumans.D．Theywillhaveintelligenceconnectedwithbiologicalorganisms.38．Whatdoestheunderlinedwords“thisgap”inParagraph4probablyreferto?A．Biologicalbeingshavebeenpaidenoughattentionto.B．Therobot“brains”havefallenbehindtherobot“bodies”.C．Systematiceducationalmethodhasn’tbeendevelopedbynow.D．PhysicalAIhasn’tbeenwellexploredcomparedwithdigitalAI.39．Wecanlearnfromthepassagethat________.A．intelligenceisimportantincreatingdigitalAIrobotsB．developmentindigitalAIcanhelpproducesmarterrobotsC．unusualmaterialsmightbeusedtodevelopPhysicalAIrobotsD．wehavedevelopedlifelikerobotsbyhavingPhysicalAIineducation40．Whatisthewriter’smainpurposeinwritingthispassage?A．ToshowthedifficultiesofPhysicalAIdevelopmentandtherelatedsolutions.B．TocallforcombinationofPhysicalAIdisciplinesintheeducationsystem.C．ToexplainthereasonwhyPhysicalintelligencehasremainedunexplored.D．ToencouragepeopletopreparefortheageofPhysicalAIprogress.【答案】DDCB【分析】本文是一篇說明文，介紹了物理人工智能以及將物理人工智能納入教育主流系統(tǒng)中的必要性。37．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)原文“theywillownintelligencenormallyconnectedwithbiologicalorganisms”可知，物理人工智能機器人將擁有與生物相關(guān)的智力。故選D。38．詞句猜測題。根據(jù)上文“UnlikedigitalAI,whichhasbeenstudieddeeplyinthelastfewdecades,breathingphysicalintelligenceintorobotshasremainedrelativelyunexplored”可知，thisgap此處指的是上文提到的“與數(shù)字人工智能相比，物理人工智能還沒有得到很好的探索”。故選D。39．推理判斷題。根據(jù)原文“WepicturePhysicalAIrobotsbeingdevelopedinthelabbyusingunusualmaterialsandresearchmethods”可知，科學家描繪出了實驗室里用不尋常的材料和研究方法開發(fā)物理人工智能機器人的前景，故可推斷，不尋常的材料可能會被用于開發(fā)物理人工智能機器人。故選C。40．推理判斷題。根據(jù)原文“Wehopethattheresearchers’workwillencourageactivediscussionofthetopicandwillleadtocombinationofPhysicalAIdisciplinesintheeducationalmainstream”可知，作者寫此文的目的是呼吁將物理人工智能學科整合到教育主流中。故選B。第二節(jié)閱讀填空（共5小題；每小題1分，滿分5分）讀短文及文后A~E選項，選出可以填入41~45各題空白處的最佳選項，并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。ReadinganEnglishnewspaperisagoodwaytoimproveastudent’slanguageability.AstherearemanyusefulandcommonwordsinanEnglishnewspaper,itmayhelpstudentsincreasetheirvocabularyaswellasimprovetheirreadingskills.___41___ButwhatistheproperwaytoreadanEnglishnewspaper?Dostudentsneedtolookoverallthecontentofthenewspaper?Thefirststepistochoosearightnewspaperwithgoodlanguage.Thenturntothefrontpageandreadtheheadlinestoknowwhathashappened.Asthemostimportantthingsareputonthefrontpage,it’seasytofindoutwhatyou’reinterestedinandthenturntothepagetoreaditcompletely.___42___Secondly,readnewspaperseveryday.Rememberwordsthroughcontext,inwhichthesewordsmayappearrepeatedly.____43____Don’tlookupeveryunknownwordinyourdictionary.Youcantrytoguessthemeaningbetweensentences.____44____Keepreading,andyouwillbecomefamiliarwiththewordsafterreadingthemseveraltimesindifferenttexts.____45____Itcannotonlyhelpusknowwhatishappeningintheworldbutalsoimproveourlanguage.A．Thereisnoneedtogothroughallthearticles.B．Oncetheyappearseveraltimes,youwillrememberthemeasily.C．Theycanlearnnewknowledgefromnewspapers.D．ReadingEnglishnewspapersmakesusknowledgeable.E．Ifyourguessiswrong,don’tgiveup.41．C42．A43．B44．E45．D【解析】本文是一篇說明文。文章說明了讀英語報的好處，經(jīng)常讀英語報能讓我們知識淵博，我們不僅能學到語言知識還能了解時事新聞。41．根據(jù)“AstherearemanyusefulandcommonwordsinanEnglishnewspaper,itmayhelpstudentsincreasetheirvocabularyaswellasimprovetheirreadingskills.”可知，此處應(yīng)表達讀英語報的其他益處，除了擴充詞匯和提高閱讀能力以外的益處。C選項“他們可以通過英語報學習新知識”符合語境。故選C。42．根據(jù)“Asthemostimportantthingsareputonthefrontpage,it’seasytofindoutwhatyou’reinterestedinandthenturntothepagetoreaditcompletely.”可知，讀英語報的時不必讀所有的文章，可以選讀自己感興趣的版塊。所以A選項“沒有必要通讀所有的文章”符合語境。故選A。43．根據(jù)“Rememberwordsthroughcontext,inwhichthesewordsmayappearrepeatedly.”“Don’tlookupeveryunknownwordinyourdictionary.”可知，此處應(yīng)接著敘述單詞重復(fù)出現(xiàn)的問題。B選項“一旦他們多次出現(xiàn)，你會很容易記住”符合語境，故選B。44．根據(jù)“Youcantrytoguessthemeaningbetweensentences.”及“Keepreading…”可知，此處應(yīng)為如果猜錯了也沒關(guān)系，繼續(xù)讀下去。選項E“如果你猜錯了，不要放棄”符合語境。故選E。45．根據(jù)“Itcannotonlyhelpusknowwhatishappeningintheworldbutalsoimproveourlanguage.”可知，此處應(yīng)是概括性的語句，總述讀英語報的好處。選項D“讀英語報讓我們變得知識淵博”符合語境。故選D。四、寫作（共三節(jié)，滿分30分）第一節(jié)語篇填詞（共5小題；每小題1分，滿分5分）閱讀短文，根據(jù)上下文和所給的首字母寫出所缺單詞。注意使用正確形式，每空限填一詞。答卷時，要求寫出完整單詞。Hobbiesletyouexplore（探索）interestsoutsideyourwork.___41___Pickingadifferentonecangetyourcreativejuicesflowingagain.Lookatwhatinterestsyou.Checkwhatyoulovedoinginyoursparetime.Doyouenjoyreadingbooks?Maybeyouwanttotryyourhandatwritingyourown.Doyoulikeahotcoffeeattheendoftheday?Maybeyourhobbycouldbetryingtomakeitathome.___42______43___Doyouvaluewisdomorcourage?Doyouadmireartists?Letsuchquestionsguideyouwhenchoosingahobby.Forexample,maybeyoucouldvolunteeratalibraryasahobbybecauseyouvalueeducation.Examineyourskillsandpersonality（性格）.___44___Ifyoudon’thavemuchpatience,thenmaybegoingfishingisn’tsomethingyou’denjoy.However,ifyoulikebuildingthings,maybeyoucouldconsiderahobbylikeworkingonoldcarsorbuildingfurniture（家具）.Payattentiontowhatexcitesyourtopics.Thewayyoutalkaboutthingscanalsoshowwhatyoureallylikeanditcanbedevelopedintoahobby.___45___Nowthinkaboutthesubjectthatyouenjoysomuchanddecidehowitcanbeturnedintoyourhobby.A.Thinkaboutwhatyouvaluemost.B.Turnwhatyoualreadyloveintoahobby.C.Askyourfriendsandfamilywhatyouseemtotalkaboutallthetime.D.Theyletyoubecreativeandtryallkinds