2024秋高中英語(yǔ)Unit3AhealthylifeSectionⅡLearningaboutLanguageUsingLanguage學(xué)案含解析新人教版選修6

PAGEUnit3AhealthylifeSectionⅡLearningaboutLanguageUsingLanguageⅠ.重點(diǎn)單詞1．pilln．藥丸；藥片2．prejudicen．偏見；成見3．a(chǎn)wkwardadj.局促擔(dān)憂的；笨拙的4．a(chǎn)bortionn．流產(chǎn)；中途失敗5．illegaladj.不合法的；違法的→legal(反義)adj.合法的6．judgementn．看法；判決；推斷→judgev．判決7．embarrassedadj.尷尬的；陷入逆境的→embarrassvt.使局促擔(dān)憂→embarrassingadj.令人尷尬的8．maleadj.男性的；雄性的n．男人；雄性動(dòng)(植)物→female(反義)adj.女性；雌性的n．女人；雌性的動(dòng)(植)物9．survivaln．幸存；生還者→survivevi.幸存；活下來(lái)Ⅱ.核心短語(yǔ)1．in_spite_of不顧；不管2．take_risks/a_risk冒險(xiǎn)3．get_into陷入；染上(壞習(xí)慣)4．a(chǎn)trisk境況危急；遭遇危急5．outofbreath上氣不接下氣6．makeupone'smind下定決心Ⅲ.經(jīng)典句式1．HIVweakensaperson'simmunesystem;that_is,_thepartofthebodythatfightsdisease.HIV病毒破壞人體的免疫系統(tǒng)，也就是說(shuō)，使人體抗衡疾病的免疫功能減弱。2．YoucanhaveHIVinyourbloodforalongtime,buteventuallyHIVwilldamageyourimmunesystemso_much_thatyourbodycannolongerfightdisease.在你的血液中，HIV病毒可以長(zhǎng)期存在，但是它最終會(huì)使你的免疫系統(tǒng)嚴(yán)峻受損，以致你的身體不能再反抗疾病。3．Donotshareanythingelsethatapersonhasusedwhile_injecting_drugs.在注射藥物時(shí)，不要運(yùn)用別人用過(guò)的其他任何東西。4．It_is_only_when_the_disease_has_progressed_to_AIDS_thatapersonbeginstolooksick.只有當(dāng)這種病發(fā)展成為艾滋病時(shí)，人才會(huì)顯出病態(tài)。5．Womenare_slightly_more_likelytobecomeinfectedthanmen.女性感染病毒的可能性比男性略微大一些。1.聯(lián)想記單詞不了解狀況，就提前(pre)作出推斷(judge)，定有“偏見”→prejudicen．偏見2．構(gòu)詞法記單詞①judge(v.)＋-ment(名詞后綴)→judgementn.②il-(否定前綴)＋legal(adj.)→illegaladj.艾滋病病毒/艾滋?。耗闶欠衩媾R危急？HIV是一種病毒(人體免疫缺損病毒)。病毒是引發(fā)疾病的微生物。它有很多不同的種類，如流感病毒或SARS病毒。艾滋病病毒會(huì)減弱人體的免疫系統(tǒng)，即身體里與疾病抗衡的那個(gè)部分。在你的血液中，艾滋病病毒可以長(zhǎng)期存在，但是它最終會(huì)使你的免疫系統(tǒng)嚴(yán)峻受損，以致你的身體不能再反抗疾病。這種疾病到了這個(gè)階段就叫艾滋病。假如你得了艾滋病，幸存的可能性很小。HIV是通過(guò)血液或性交時(shí)產(chǎn)生的液體傳播的。攜帶病毒的血液或性交時(shí)的液體必需通過(guò)皮膚上的創(chuàng)口或通過(guò)注射才能進(jìn)入人體，使人受感染。將來(lái)總有一天，科學(xué)家會(huì)找到醫(yī)治艾滋病病毒或艾滋病的方法的。在找到之前，你必需愛(ài)護(hù)你自己。你可以根據(jù)這里列舉的一些留意事項(xiàng)去做，以確保自己的平安。下列這些說(shuō)法都是錯(cuò)誤的。,·初次性交的人不行能染上艾滋病病毒。錯(cuò)了。假如性交的一方有艾滋病病毒，另一方就有可能被傳染上。,·通過(guò)視察你可以看出某人是否帶有艾滋病病毒。錯(cuò)了。很多艾滋病病毒攜帶者看上去特別健康。只有當(dāng)這種病毒發(fā)展成艾滋病時(shí)，人才會(huì)顯出病態(tài)。,·只有同性戀才得艾滋病。錯(cuò)了。任何人假如同感染了艾滋病病毒或艾滋病的人性交都有染上這種病毒的危急。女性感染病毒的可能性比男性略微大一些。假如你同艾滋病患者擁抱、接觸或親吻，或者去他們家做客，你就會(huì)從他們那里感染上艾滋病病毒或得艾滋病。錯(cuò)了。你只可能通過(guò)血液或性交時(shí)的液體傳染上這種病。不幸的是，由于偏見，艾滋病病毒攜帶者有時(shí)會(huì)失去他們的摯友。很多人擔(dān)憂他們會(huì)從艾滋病病毒攜帶者或艾滋病患者那兒染上艾滋病病毒或感染上艾滋病。由于相同的理由，有些艾滋病患者在生病時(shí)找不到任何人來(lái)照看他們?！の米涌梢詡魅景滩〔《竞桶滩　ｅe(cuò)了。目前還沒(méi)有證據(jù)說(shuō)明這一點(diǎn)。課文理解Step1Readthetextandanswerthefollowingquestions.1．Scanthetextandchoosethemainideaforeachpart.Part1A．Waystoprotectyourself.Part2B．SomewrongstatementsaboutAIDS.Part3C．BackgroundinformationaboutHIV/AIDS.答案：Part1—C，Part2—A，Part3—B2．Thepassagetellsusabout________.A．somecommonunderstandingofHIV/AIDSB．scientistshavefoundacureforHIV/AIDSC．waystoprotectourselvesD．thedefinitionofHIV/AIDSandthewarningtous答案：DStep2Choosethebestanswersaccordingtothetext.1．YoucangetHIVthrough________.A．havingmealswiththepatientswithAIDSB．kissingsomeonewithAIDSC．injectingdrugsusingthesameneedleD．touchingsomeoneinfectedwithHIV答案：C2．Wecaninferfromthepassagethat________.A．HIVisthesameasAIDSB．HIVisdifferentfromAIDSC．HIVweakensaperson'simmunesystemD．youcanhaveHIVinyourbloodforquitealongtime答案：B3．Inordertostaysafe,you________.A．shouldnotusetheneedlesomeoneelsehasusedB．havetoavoidusinganythingelsethatthepersonhasusedwhileinjectingdrugsC．shoulduseacondomifyouhavesexwithanotherpersonD．a(chǎn)lloftheabove答案：D4．Thepassageisa(n)________.A．a(chǎn)dvertisement B．storyC．poster D．newsreport答案：C1eq\a\vs4\al(prejudicen.[U，C]偏見；成見)(教材P22)Unfortunately,peoplewithHIVsometimeslosetheirfriendsbecauseofprejudice.不幸的是，由于偏見，艾滋病病毒攜帶者有時(shí)會(huì)失去他們的摯友。(1)haveaprejudiceagainstsb./sth.對(duì)某人/物有偏見withoutprejudiceto對(duì)……沒(méi)有不利；無(wú)損于racial/sexualprejudice種族/性別偏見(2)prejudicevt.損害；使……有偏見；使……有成見prejudicesb.againststh.使……對(duì)……產(chǎn)生偏見[即學(xué)即用]①Hehasaprejudiceagainstcareerwomen.他對(duì)職業(yè)女性有偏見。②Youshouldmakeadecisionwithout_prejudice_toourrights.你做出的確定應(yīng)當(dāng)不損害我們的權(quán)益。③Yourbadspellingmayprejudiceyourchancesofgettingthejob.拼法拙劣會(huì)影響你獲得這個(gè)職位。2eq\a\vs4\al(judgementn.看法；判決；推斷)(教材P23)Beforeyoureadthistext,whatjudgementsdidyoumakeaboutpeoplewithHIV/AIDS?在你閱讀本篇文章之前，你對(duì)感染HIV或AIDS的人有什么評(píng)價(jià)？(1)makeajudgementabout/at...對(duì)……下推斷/做評(píng)價(jià)inone'sjudgement在某人看來(lái)(2)judgev.推斷；判定；估計(jì)；評(píng)價(jià)judge(sb.)bysth.憑……評(píng)判/斷定judgesb./sth.(tobe)sth.認(rèn)為某人/物……judgingby/from依據(jù)……來(lái)推斷[即學(xué)即用]①Herefusedtomakeajudgementabout/atthesituation.他拒肯定形勢(shì)做出評(píng)價(jià)。②Inmyjudgement,weshouldaccepttheirapology.依我看，我們應(yīng)當(dāng)接受他們的致歉。③Wecan'tjudgeapersonbyhisappearance.我們不能以貌取人。④Judging(judge)from/byhisaccent,heisfromCanada.從他的腔調(diào)上推斷，他是加拿大人。[名師點(diǎn)津]judgingfrom/by...置于句首作狀語(yǔ)，v.-ing形式不受主語(yǔ)的限制，構(gòu)成獨(dú)立成分。類似的用法還有：generallyspeaking一般來(lái)說(shuō)；considering...考慮到……3eq\a\vs4\al(embarrassedadj.尷尬的；陷入逆境的)(教材P24)ThensheofferedmeacigaretteandIfeltsoembarrassedandawkward.然后她遞給我一支煙，我感到特別尷尬與擔(dān)憂。(1)be/feelembarrassedeq\b\lc\{\rc\(\a\vs4\al\co1(about/atsth.對(duì)……感到難為情,todosth.對(duì)做……感到難為情))(2)embarrassingadj.令人犯難的embarrassvt.使局促擔(dān)憂；使尷尬；使困惑embarrassmentn.困惑；尷尬toone'sembarrassment使某人尷尬的是[即學(xué)即用]①Sheisembarrassedabout/atherheight.她因自己身高而窘?jīng)r。②Hewasveryembarrassedto_hear(hear)peoplespeaksohighlyofhim.他聽見別人這樣夸他，感到很難為情。③Hisjokesdidn'tevenraiseasmile,whichwasembarrassing(embarrass)．聽了他講的笑話，都沒(méi)人笑一下，真是太尷尬了。④Toherembarrassment,shecouldn'trememberhisname.令她感到窘?jīng)r的是，她記不起他的名字了。1eq\a\vs4\al(inspiteof不顧；不管；盡管；雖然)(教材P20)Inspiteofallhiseffortshefailed.Hewassoupsetabouthimselfthathefeltlikecrying.盡管他很努力，可還是失敗了，他難過(guò)地想哭。inspiteof/despite＋n.不顧；不管；盡管；雖然inspiteof/despitethefactthat...(同位語(yǔ)從句)不顧；不管……although/though/as盡管；不管；不顧[即學(xué)即用]①Inspiteof/Despitehergoodsalary,shemeasuredouteverydollarneededforhouseholdexpenses.盡管她的工資不錯(cuò)，但在家務(wù)開支上每一塊錢她也要算一算。②Inspiteof/Despitethefactthat(＝Although/Though)doctorshavewarnedthatsmokingdoesharmtohealth,peoplestillkeeponsmoking.盡管醫(yī)生已經(jīng)警告說(shuō)吸煙有害健康，人們還是接著吸煙。③Exhaustedas/thoughshewas,shewasn'tabletosleep.盡管力倦神疲，但她還是睡不著覺(jué)。[名師點(diǎn)津](1)inspiteof/despite＋n.＝although/though/as＋從句。(2)as引導(dǎo)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句時(shí)必需運(yùn)用倒裝句式，though引導(dǎo)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句時(shí)可運(yùn)用倒裝句式也可運(yùn)用正常語(yǔ)序。2eq\a\vs4\al(getinto陷入；染上壞習(xí)慣)(教材P20)Ofcoursethebestwaytodealwiththesedrugsisnottogetintothehabitinthefirstplace!當(dāng)然，應(yīng)付毒品的最好的方法是首先就別養(yǎng)成(吸毒的)習(xí)慣。getinto/formthehabitof養(yǎng)成……的習(xí)慣getintotrouble陷入麻煩/逆境getintodebt負(fù)債getintodifficulties陷入逆境[即學(xué)即用]①I'vegotinto/formedthehabitofreadingEnglishaloudinthemorning.我已經(jīng)養(yǎng)成了早上大聲朗讀英語(yǔ)的習(xí)慣。②Innocentpeoplegetintotroubleonaccountofothers'misfortune.城門失火，殃及池魚。3eq\a\vs4\al(takerisks/arisk冒險(xiǎn))(教材P20)Hefelthehadtomakeuphismindoneverystepinsteadoftakingrisks.他覺(jué)得每一步都得做出確定而不是冒險(xiǎn)。(1)take/runtheriskofdoingsth.冒險(xiǎn)做某事takerisks/arisktodosth.冒險(xiǎn)做某事(2)atrisk有風(fēng)險(xiǎn)attheriskof...冒著……風(fēng)險(xiǎn)(3)riskdoingsth.冒險(xiǎn)做某事riskone'slifetodosth.冒著生命危急做某事[即學(xué)即用]①Anyonetravellingwithoutapassporttakes/runstheriskofbeingarrested.任何不帶護(hù)照旅行的人都有被逮捕的危急。②Icouldn'ttakeariskto_leave(leave)himaloneevenforashorttime.我不能冒險(xiǎn)把他自己留下，哪怕很短的時(shí)間。③Operatetheelectricalappliancefollowingtheinstructionsattachedinthebox,oryou'llbeatrisk.遵照附在盒子里的說(shuō)明書操作這種電器，否則你會(huì)處于危急之中。④Heworkedhard,forhecouldn'trisklosing(lose)thegoodjob.他工作努力，因?yàn)樗幌朊笆ミ@么好的工作的危急。eq\o(\s\up7(),\s\do5())Donotshareanythingelsethatapersonhasusedwhileinjectingdrugs.在注射藥物時(shí)，不要運(yùn)用別人用過(guò)的其他任何東西。whileinjectingdrugs相當(dāng)于whileyouareinjectingdrugs，為狀語(yǔ)從句的省略。①Inclass,we'dbettertryhardtofollowourteacherasmuchaspossiblewhile(weare)takingnotes.上課記筆記時(shí)，我們最好緊跟著老師(講課)的步驟。②Whenever(itis)possible,theywouldstophimandaskhimthethreequestions.任何時(shí)候可能的話，他們就讓他停下問(wèn)他這三個(gè)問(wèn)題。[名師點(diǎn)津]省略句中的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞和主語(yǔ)構(gòu)成主動(dòng)關(guān)系，則運(yùn)用現(xiàn)在分詞；若構(gòu)成被動(dòng)關(guān)系，則運(yùn)用過(guò)去分詞；若謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞表示尚未發(fā)生，則運(yùn)用不定式。③Whensurfing(surf)ontheInternet,Ifoundthenews.當(dāng)上網(wǎng)時(shí)，我發(fā)覺(jué)了這條消息。④Whenasked(ask)aboutthesecretofhissuccess,hesaidthatheowedmuchofhissuccessandhappinesstohiswifeandchildren.當(dāng)被問(wèn)及他勝利的秘訣時(shí)，他說(shuō)他所取得的勝利和華蜜主要?dú)w功于他的妻子和孩子。⑤Heopenedhismouthasifto_say(say)something.他張開嘴似乎要說(shuō)什么。Ⅰ.單句語(yǔ)法填空1．Inspiteofthetightscheduleofstudy,theactivitiesforstudentstoachievetheirpotentialhaveneverbeencalledoff.2．