2024秋高中英語(yǔ)Unit2RobotsSectionⅠWarmingUpReading學(xué)案含解析新人教版選修7

PAGEUnit2RobotsAboutrobotsArobotisamachinewhichisdesignedtodotheworkofahumanbeing.Itisusuallycontrolledbyacomputer.Onceithasbeengivenasetofthingstodo,itwilldothejobonitsown.Robotscanpaintcars,salvage(搶救)nuclearfuelandevenassistinbrainsurgery(外科手術(shù)),butthey'restillprettydumb.Todayrobotscanrecognizeformsandshapesandmeasuredistanceandsoon.Manyrobotshaveoneortwooftheseabilitiestosomedegree,butcreatingacompetent(有實(shí)力的)robotthatcombinesmostorallofthemhasbeendifficult.Current(目前的)robotshaveadvancedsensorysystemsthatprocessinformationandappeartofunctionasiftheyhadbrains.Their“brain”isactuallyaformofcomputerizedartificialintelligence(Al).Alallowsarobottoperceiveconditionsanddecideuponacourseofactionbasedonthoseconditions.Arobotcanincludeanyofthefollowingparts：effectors—“arms”“l(fā)egs”“hands”“feet”sensors—partsthatactlikesensesandcandetect(偵測(cè))objectsorthingslikeheatandlightandchangetheobjectinformationintosymbolsthatcomputersunderstandcomputer—thebrainthatcontainsinstructionscalledalgorithms(規(guī)則系統(tǒng))tocontroltherobotequipment—thisincludestoolsandmechanicalfixtures(機(jī)械手臂)開啟歡樂(lè)學(xué)習(xí)之旅將來(lái)的機(jī)器人會(huì)是什么樣子，現(xiàn)在的機(jī)器人由哪些部分構(gòu)成，它們主要應(yīng)用在哪些領(lǐng)域？閱讀本文，了解機(jī)器人的一些基本常識(shí)吧！Unit2RobotsSectionⅠWarmingUpReadingⅠ.重點(diǎn)單詞1．desirevi.渴望；欲望；渴求；vt.希望得到；想要2．satisfactionn.滿足；滿足；令人滿足的事物satisfyvt.使?jié)M足；使?jié)M足satisfiedadj.感到滿足的；感到滿足的3．a(chǎn)larmvt.使警覺；使驚恐；驚動(dòng)；n.警報(bào)；驚恐alarmedadj.擔(dān)憂的；膽怯 的4．sympathyn.憐憫(心)5．elegantadj.優(yōu)雅的；高雅的；講究的6．favourn.寵愛；恩惠；vt.寵愛；偏袒7．scanvt.細(xì)看；細(xì)致檢查；粗略地看；閱讀；掃描8．a(chǎn)bsurdadj.荒謬的；可笑的9．a(chǎn)ccompanyvt.陪伴；伴奏companyn.陪伴；公司10．a(chǎn)wfuladj.極壞的；極厭煩的；可怕的；(口語(yǔ))糟透的11．declarevt.宣布；聲明；宣稱；表明12．envyvt.忌妒；艷羨enviousadj.嫉妒的；艷羨的Ⅱ.重點(diǎn)短語(yǔ)1．test_out考驗(yàn)出；檢驗(yàn)完2．ring_up給……打電話3．turn_around轉(zhuǎn)身；翻轉(zhuǎn)4．leave...alone不管；別惹；讓……一個(gè)人待著；和……單獨(dú)在一起Ⅲ.重點(diǎn)句式1．It＋be＋adj.＋that...It_was_disturbing_and_frightening_thathelookedsohuman.他長(zhǎng)得如此像人，令人擔(dān)憂和膽怯 。2．表地點(diǎn)的副詞there位于句首引起的倒裝句Assheturnedaround,there_stoodGladysClaffern.她一轉(zhuǎn)身，就看到格拉迪斯·克拉芬站在那兒。3．cannothavesb.doingsth.不能容忍某人做某事ButeventhoughTonyhadbeensoclever,hewouldhavetoberebuilt—youcannot_have_women_falling_in_love_withmachines.但是，盡管托尼很聰慧，他還得作一番改造——總不能讓女人與機(jī)器人相愛吧。課文預(yù)讀SATISFACTION①GUARANTEEDLarryBelmontworkedforacompanythatmaderobots②.Recentlyithadbegunexperimentingwithahousehold③robot.Itwasgoingtobetestedout④byLarry'swife,Claire.Clairedidn'twanttherobotinherhouse,especiallyasherhusbandwouldbeabsent⑤forthreeweeks⑥，butLarrypersuadedherthattherobotwouldn'tharmherorallowhertobeharmed.Itwouldbeabonus⑦.However,whenshefirstsawtherobot,shefeltalarmed⑧.HisnamewasTonyandheseemedmorelikeahumanthanamachine⑨.Hewastallandhandsomewithsmoothhairandadeepvoicealthoughhisfacialexpressionneverchanged.①satisfaction/?s?tIs'f?k?n/n.滿足；滿足；令人滿足的事物②that引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句，修飾先行詞acompany。③household/'ha?sh??ld/adj.家庭的；家用的n．一家人；家庭④testout考驗(yàn)出；檢驗(yàn)完⑤absentadj.不在的；缺席的⑥asherhusbandwouldbeabsent...是as引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句。⑦bonus/'b??n?s/n.額外津貼；獎(jiǎng)金；紅利⑧alarmed/?'lɑ?md/adj.擔(dān)憂的；膽怯 的alarm/?'lɑ?m/vt.使警覺；使驚恐；驚動(dòng)n.警報(bào)；驚恐⑨more...than...與其說(shuō)……倒不如說(shuō)……包君滿足[第1～2段譯文]拉里·貝爾蒙特在一家生產(chǎn)機(jī)器人的公司里工作。最近，該公司要對(duì)一個(gè)家用機(jī)器人進(jìn)行試驗(yàn)。這項(xiàng)試驗(yàn)將由拉里的夫人克萊爾來(lái)檢驗(yàn)?？巳R爾并不想把機(jī)器人留在家里，特殊是當(dāng)她丈夫?qū)⒁x家三周的時(shí)候，但是拉里勸服了她，他說(shuō)，機(jī)器人不會(huì)損害她，也不會(huì)讓別人來(lái)?yè)p害她。這會(huì)是個(gè)意外的收獲。然而，她初次見到機(jī)器人的時(shí)候就感到有點(diǎn)兒擔(dān)憂。機(jī)器人名叫托尼，看上去更像一個(gè)人，而不像臺(tái)機(jī)器。他雖然面部表情毫無(wú)變更，但是個(gè)子高大，相貌英俊，頭發(fā)平整，聲音低沉渾厚。OnthesecondmorningTony,wearinganapron⑩，broughtherbreakfastandthenaskedherwhethersheneededhelpdressing?.Shefeltembarrassed?andquicklytoldhimtogo.Itwasdisturbing?andfrighteningthathelookedsohuman?.Oneday,Clairementionedthatshedidn'tthinkshewasclever.Tonysaidthatshemustfeelveryunhappytosaythat.Clairethoughtitwasridiculous?tobeofferedsympathy?byarobot.Butshebegantotrusthim.Shetoldhimhowshewasoverweight?andthismadeherfeelunhappy.Alsoshefeltherhomewasn'telegant?enoughforsomeonelikeLarrywhowantedtoimprovehissocialposition?.Shewasn'tlikeGladysClaffern,oneoftherichestandmostpowerfulwomenaround.⑩apron/'eIpr?n/n.圍裙?本句是主從復(fù)合句。whether引導(dǎo)賓語(yǔ)從句?，F(xiàn)在分詞短語(yǔ)wearinganapron作定語(yǔ)，修飾Tony。?embarrassedadj.尷尬的；尷尬的?disturbingadj.引起苦惱的；令人擔(dān)憂的?在句式Itis＋adj.＋that...中，it是形式主語(yǔ)，that從句是真正的主語(yǔ)。?ridiculousadj.可笑的；荒謬的?sympathy/'sImp?θI/n.憐憫(心)?overweight/???v?'weIt/adj.超重的；體重超常的?elegant/'elIɡ?nt/adj.優(yōu)雅的；高雅的；講究的?whowantedtoimprovehissocialposition是who引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句，修飾Larry。[第3～4段譯文]其次天早晨，托尼戴著圍裙，給她端來(lái)了早餐，然后問(wèn)她是否須要幫忙穿衣裝扮。她感到有點(diǎn)兒尷尬，很快就打發(fā)他走了。機(jī)器人如此通人性，這使她覺得心煩和膽怯 。有一天，克萊爾說(shuō)起，她覺得她自己不聰慧。托尼則說(shuō)，她肯定是很不興奮，才會(huì)說(shuō)出這樣的話來(lái)?？巳R爾覺得，被一個(gè)機(jī)器人憐憫有點(diǎn)荒唐。但是她起先信任托尼了。她告知托尼她是怎么變胖的，這讓她很不興奮。還有對(duì)于像拉里這樣很想提高社會(huì)地位的人來(lái)說(shuō)，她的家也不夠高雅。她跟格拉迪絲·克拉芬不一樣，格拉迪絲是遠(yuǎn)近著名的最有錢有勢(shì)的女人之一。[第5～6段譯文]托尼為讓克萊爾興奮，答應(yīng)幫助她，使她變得更聰慧，使她的家變得更高雅大方。于是克萊爾從圖書館借來(lái)一堆書給托尼閱讀，更準(zhǔn)確地說(shuō)給他閱讀一下。她驚異地看著他的手指翻動(dòng)著書頁(yè)，忍不住突然伸出手來(lái)摸他的手。他的手指甲和他那松軟暖和的皮膚使她感到大為驚異。她在想，這是多么可笑啊，他只不過(guò)是一臺(tái)機(jī)器呀。托尼給克萊爾換了個(gè)發(fā)型，又變更了她的化妝風(fēng)格。因?yàn)椴槐辉试S陪克萊爾去商店，托尼就給她寫了一份購(gòu)物清單?？巳R爾進(jìn)城去買了窗簾、坐墊、地毯和床上用品。然后她去了一家珠寶店買項(xiàng)鏈。柜臺(tái)售貨員對(duì)她很粗魯，她就打電話給托尼，讓售貨員同托尼講話。售貨員立刻就變更了看法。克萊爾對(duì)托尼表示感謝，并說(shuō)他是個(gè)“可愛的人”。她剛一轉(zhuǎn)過(guò)身去，就看到格拉迪絲·克拉芬站在那兒。克萊爾想，被格拉迪絲發(fā)覺了，這多么難為情啊。從格拉迪絲臉上的那好玩而又驚異的神情來(lái)看，克萊爾知道，格拉迪絲認(rèn)為她有風(fēng)流韻事。終歸格拉迪絲知道她的丈夫叫拉里，而不叫托尼。[第7～8段譯文]克萊爾回到家里，坐在扶手椅上氣得直哭。格拉迪絲的一舉一動(dòng)都是克萊爾想仿照的。托尼告知克萊爾：“你可以同格拉迪絲一樣，”他還建議克萊爾邀請(qǐng)格拉迪絲和她的摯友到家里來(lái)玩，時(shí)間就定在托尼離去和拉里回家之前的那個(gè)晚上。托尼想在此之前將房子改裝得面貌一新。托尼有條不紊地搞著裝修?？巳R爾有一次想來(lái)幫忙，但是太笨手笨腳了。她竟從梯子上掉了下來(lái)，盡管托尼當(dāng)時(shí)在隔壁房間里，但他還是剛好趕過(guò)來(lái)把她接住了。他把她緊緊地?fù)г趹牙?，她感覺到了他身上的暖和。她尖叫了起來(lái)，把他推開，跑回她的房里，那天她就再也沒有出來(lái)過(guò)。[第9～10段譯文]聚會(huì)的那天晚上來(lái)到了。時(shí)鐘敲響八點(diǎn)?？腿肆⒖叹鸵絹?lái)了，克萊爾叫托尼到另一個(gè)房間里去。就在那一瞬間，托尼彎曲胳膊摟著她，彎下身去把臉貼近她的臉。她大叫一聲“托尼”，然后聽到托尼一本正經(jīng)地說(shuō)，其次天他不想離開她，而且他并不滿足于僅僅使她快樂(lè)。就在這時(shí)，前門的門鈴響了。托尼放開了她，消逝得無(wú)影無(wú)蹤了。也就在這時(shí)，克萊爾才意識(shí)到托尼早就把前邊窗戶的窗簾拉開了。她的客人們把這一切看得一清二楚！克萊爾和她的房子、美食給女士們留下了深刻的印象。就在她們離開之前，克萊爾聽到格拉迪絲跟另外一個(gè)女人小聲地說(shuō)，她從來(lái)沒有見過(guò)像托尼這樣英俊的男人。受到那些女士的忌妒，這該是多么甜蜜的成功！克萊爾或許并沒有她們那樣美麗，但是她們中沒有任何一個(gè)人擁有這樣英俊的情人。[第11～12段譯文]這時(shí)候，她記起來(lái)了——托尼只不過(guò)是一臺(tái)機(jī)器。她高聲嚷著“讓我獨(dú)自待一會(huì)兒”就跑上床?？巳R爾哭了一個(gè)晚上。其次天早晨一輛汽車開來(lái)，把托尼帶走了。公司對(duì)托尼同克萊爾相處三個(gè)星期的試驗(yàn)報(bào)告特別滿足。托尼愛護(hù)了一個(gè)人免受損害。他使克萊爾沒有因?yàn)樗氖「卸鴵p害自己。那天晚上他拉開窗簾以便讓其他女人看到了他和克萊爾，他明白這么做對(duì)克萊爾的婚姻并不造成危害。但是，盡管托尼很聰慧，他還得作一番改造——總不能讓女人與機(jī)器相愛吧。課文理解Ⅰ.課文推斷正(T)誤(F)1．Larrywasgoingtobeawayfromhomesohehiredarobottoaccompanyhiswife.(F)2．Clairedidn'tliketheideaatthebeginning,butsheagreedtoitatlast.(T)3．TonycouldunderstandClairewhenshesaidshewasnotclever.(T)4．ItwasClairethatfirstdecidedtoinviteGladysandherfriendstoherhouse.(F)5．Claire'sguestswerefilledwithadmirationwhentheysawherhousewascompletelychanged.(T)6．ThecompanywassatisfiedwithTony'sreportbecausehehadsuccessfullymadeawomanfallinlovewithhim.(F)Ⅱ.課文閱讀理解1．WhydidClairefeelalarmedatthesightofTony?A．Becausehewasarobot.B．Becauseshedidn'tlikehim.C．Becausehewasmorelikeahumanbeingthanamachine.D．Becauseheneverchangedhisfacialexpressions.答案：C2．TherobotTonyhelpedClairetorealizeherdreamby________.A．makingherhomemoreelegantB．givingheranewhaircutandchangingthemakeupsheworeC．givingheradviceonherdressesD．a(chǎn)lltheabove答案：D3．WhydidClairebuytheitemsfromtheshop?A．Becauseherhusbandwastoreturn.B．BecauseTonywastoleave.C．BecauseTonywantedthehousetransformed.D．Becauseshethoughtsheneededthem.答案：C4．WhichofthefollowingisNOTthereasonwhyTonyopenedthecurtains?A．Toletotherwomenseeeverything.B．ToshowtheriskofClaire'smarriage.C．ToletotherwomenenvyClaire.D．TomakeClaireelegantjustlikeherneighbor.答案：B5．Asaresult,theexperimentshows________.A．ClairefellinlovewithTonyB．TonyhadtoberebuiltC．TonywasangrywithhisdesignerD．BothAandB答案：DⅢ.課文難句分析1．Clairedidn'twanttherobotinherhouse,especiallyasherhusbandwouldbeabsentforthreeweeks,butLarrypersuadedherthattherobotwouldn'tharmherorallowhertobeharmed.[句式分析]本句是but連接的并列句。第一個(gè)分句中含有as引導(dǎo)的緣由狀語(yǔ)從句；其次個(gè)分句中that引導(dǎo)賓語(yǔ)從句。[自主翻譯]克萊爾并不想把機(jī)器人留在家里，特殊是丈夫離家的這三周。但是拉里勸服她，機(jī)器人不會(huì)損害她，也不會(huì)讓別人損害她。2．Shecriedout“Tony”andthenheardhimdeclarethathedidn'twanttoleaveherthenextdayandthathefeltmorethanjustthedesiretopleaseher.[句式分析]本句是一個(gè)主從復(fù)合句。heardhimdeclare...是“hear＋賓語(yǔ)＋賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)”結(jié)構(gòu)；declare后接兩個(gè)并列的賓語(yǔ)從句，第一個(gè)that可以省略，而其次個(gè)that則不能省略。[自主翻譯]她大叫一聲“托尼”，然后聽到托尼一本正經(jīng)地說(shuō)，其次天他不想離開她，而且他并不滿足于僅僅使她快樂(lè)。3．HehadopenedthecurtainsthatnightsothattheotherwomenwouldseehimandClaire,knowingthattherewasnorisktoClaire'smarriage.[句式分析]本句是一個(gè)主從復(fù)合句。sothat引導(dǎo)目的狀語(yǔ)從句；knowingthattherewasnorisktoClaire'smarriage為現(xiàn)在分詞短語(yǔ)作伴隨狀語(yǔ)，其中that引導(dǎo)賓語(yǔ)從句，作know的賓語(yǔ)。[自主翻譯]那晚他拉開了窗簾，以便讓其他女士看到他和克萊爾，并且知道那不會(huì)對(duì)克萊爾的婚姻帶來(lái)風(fēng)險(xiǎn)的。1eq\a\vs4\al(desiren.渴望；欲望；渴求vt.希望得到；想要)(教材P10)Doyouthinkitispossibleforarobottohaveitsownneedsanddesires?你認(rèn)為機(jī)器人有可能有自己的需求和欲望嗎？(1)haveadesireforsth.渴望得到某物haveadesiretodosth.渴望做某事(2)desiretodosth.渴望做某事desiresb.todosth.想要某人做某事desirethat...渴望……(從句中謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用“should＋動(dòng)詞原形”，其中should可以省略)[溫馨提示]當(dāng)desire后接同位語(yǔ)從句、表語(yǔ)從句或者賓語(yǔ)從句時(shí)，that從句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞常用虛擬語(yǔ)氣“should＋動(dòng)詞原形”，且should可省略。[即學(xué)即用](1)Hehasastrongdesireforknowledge/tolearnknowledge.他有劇烈的求知欲。(2)Thedesiretohelpothersmustcomefromthedeepheart.幫助別人的愿望必需來(lái)自內(nèi)心深處。(3)Hehasadesirethathisbooks(should)_be_readbyasmanypeopleaspossible.他有一個(gè)愿望，即他的書能夠被盡可能多的人閱讀。(4)Heisanaggressiveyoungman,whoalwaysdesires_tobefirstineverythinghedoes.他是一個(gè)進(jìn)取心強(qiáng)的年輕人，任何他做的事他都想得第一。2eq\a\vs4\al(alarmvt.使警覺；使驚恐；驚動(dòng)n.警報(bào)；驚恐)(教材P11)However,whenshefirstsawtherobot,shefeltalarmed.然而當(dāng)她初次見到機(jī)器人的時(shí)候，她感到驚恐。(1)inalarm驚恐地sound/give/raisethealarm發(fā)出警報(bào)；敲警鐘(2)bealarmedat/by...被……嚇一跳；對(duì)……感到擔(dān)憂be/feel/getalarmedtodo...做……感到驚恐(3)alarmedadj.受驚的，驚恐的alarmingadj.引起驚恐的；令人擔(dān)憂的[即學(xué)即用](1)Weweremuchalarmedbythefireintheforestatthetime.當(dāng)時(shí)森林失火使我們大為驚惶。(2)Assoonashesawthesmoke,hesoundedthealarm.一望見煙霧，他就鳴響了警報(bào)。(3)用alarm的正確形式填空①Iamratheralarmedtohearthatyouareplanningtoleavethecompany.②Idon'twanttoalarmyou,butthereisastrangemaninyourgarden.③Therainforestsaredisappearingatanalarmingrate.④“Whathaveyoudone？”Marycriedinalarm.3eq\a\vs4\al(sympathyn.憐憫心)(教材P11)Clairethoughtitwasridiculoustobeofferedsympathybyarobot.克萊爾覺得被一個(gè)機(jī)器人憐憫有點(diǎn)兒荒唐可笑。feel/havesympathyforsb.憐憫某人insympathywith憐憫；贊同；支持outofsympathy出于憐憫haveno/some/etc.sympathywith不支持，不贊同/贊同，支持……[即學(xué)即用](1)Themaniscold-heartedandhehasnosympathyforbeggars.這個(gè)人很冷血，他不憐憫乞丐。(2)Thewomanexpressedsympathyforthelittlegirl'ssufferings.這位女士對(duì)小女孩的遭受表示憐憫。(3)I'min_sympathy_withyouonthatpoint.在那一點(diǎn)上我支持你的看法。(4)Hegavethepoorchildmuchhelpout_of_sympathy.出于憐憫他給了這個(gè)窮孩子許多幫助。4eq\a\vs4\al(favourn.寵愛；恩惠vt.寵愛；偏袒)(教材P11)AsafavourTonypromisedtohelpClairemakeherselfsmarterandherhomemoreelegant.托尼為讓克萊爾興奮，答應(yīng)幫助她，使她變得更美麗，使她的家變得更高雅大方。(1)dosb.afavour＝doafavourforsb.幫某人的忙asksb.afavour＝askafavourofsb.請(qǐng)某人幫忙infavourof...支持……insb'sfavour對(duì)某人有利(2)favouriteadj.特殊寵愛的favourableadj.贊同的；有利的[即學(xué)即用](1)DomeafavourandturntheradiodownwhileI'monthephone,willyou?勞駕，我在打電話時(shí)你把收音機(jī)的聲音調(diào)小點(diǎn)兒好嗎？(2)Weareinfavourofherpromotiontopresident.我們支持把她提升為主席。(3)Theweatherfavouredourvoyage.天氣對(duì)我們的航行有利。(4)讀句子猜favour的含義Amothershouldn'tshowtoomuchfavourtooneofherchildren.偏愛(5)Theruleisinmost_people's_favour.這個(gè)規(guī)定對(duì)大多數(shù)人有利。(6)Whilelistening,youcannodyourheadtoshowyouarein_favour_ofherviews.在聽的時(shí)候，你可以點(diǎn)頭表示你贊同她的觀點(diǎn)。5eq\a\vs4\al(accompanyvt.陪伴；伴奏；伴隨；與……同時(shí))(教材P11)Ashewasnotallowedtoaccompanyhertotheshops,hewroteoutalistofitemsforher.因?yàn)榭巳R爾不讓托尼陪她去商店，所以托尼就給她寫了份購(gòu)物清單。(1)accompanysb.tosp.陪某人去某地accompanysb.on/atsth.用……給某人伴奏(2)keepsbpany陪伴某人[溫馨提示](1)通常不用accompanysb.todosth.結(jié)構(gòu)；(2)accompany(陪伴，伴隨)是及物動(dòng)詞，其后無(wú)需用介詞。但用于被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)時(shí)，其后可接介詞with或by。[即學(xué)即用](1)YesterdayIaccompaniedmymothertotheshop.昨天我陪著媽媽去了商店。(2)Strongwindswereaccompaniedbyheavyrain.狂風(fēng)夾雜著暴雨。(3)Thesingerwas_accompaniedonthepianobyhereldersister.女歌手由她姐姐鋼琴伴奏。(4)陪伴那位老人的是一條狗。(一句多譯)Whataccompaniestheoldmanisadog.＝Whatkeepstheoldmancompanyisadog.6eq\a\vs4\al(declarevt.宣布；聲明；表明；宣稱)(教材P11)Shecriedout“Tony”andthenheardhimdeclarethathedidn'twanttoleaveherthenextdayandthathefeltmorethanjustthedesiretopleaseher.她大叫一聲“托尼”，然后聽到托尼一本正經(jīng)地說(shuō)，明天他不想離開她，而且他并不滿足于僅僅使她快樂(lè)。declarefor/against聲明贊成/反對(duì)declaresb./sth.(tobe)＋adj./n.聲稱某人/某事……declare＋that從句宣布/宣告……declarewaron/upon/against對(duì)……宣戰(zhàn)declareit＋adj.＋wh-從句宣稱……itis/was＋declared＋that從句據(jù)宣布……[易混辨析](1)declare指在莊重場(chǎng)合，正式的權(quán)威人士公開、慎重地宣布，有時(shí)指在公共場(chǎng)合對(duì)某事表明看法。(2)announce指對(duì)公眾或特定人群進(jìn)行宣布，常指大家感愛好的事，如國(guó)家大事和商品信息等。[即學(xué)即用](1)Theywilldeclaretheresultsoftheelectionsoon.他們將很快宣布選舉的結(jié)果。(2)Thejudgedeclaredhim(tobe)thewinnerofthecompetition.裁判宣布他為競(jìng)賽的冠軍。(3)Shedeclared(that)shewasright.她宣稱她是正確的。(4)Germanydeclaredwaron/upon/againstFrancein1914.德國(guó)在1914年向法國(guó)宣戰(zhàn)了。(5)選詞填空(declare/announce)①TheRepublicofSouthSudandeclareditselfindependencein2011.②Theyannouncedthedateoftheirweddinginthenewspaper.(6)依據(jù)漢語(yǔ)提示完成句子①Thegovernmentisgoingtodeclare_war_on/against/upon(向……宣戰(zhàn))pollution.②Themonitorannounced_that(通知)therewouldbeanEnglishpartynextTuesday.③ThespokesmanoftheForeignMinistrywillannounce_the_news_to(向……發(fā)布新聞)thereporters.1eq\a\vs4\al(ringup給……打電話)(教材P11)Whentheclerkatthecounterwasrudetoher,sherangTonyupandtoldtheclerktospeaktohim.當(dāng)柜臺(tái)的售貨員粗魯?shù)貙?duì)待她時(shí)，她就打電話給托尼，讓售貨員同托尼說(shuō)話。ringoff掛斷電話ringback回電話ringout(鐘聲)響起；送別[即學(xué)即用]①Irangherupyesterday,butnobodyansweredit.我昨天打過(guò)(電話)給她了，但無(wú)人回應(yīng)。②Iwasabouttoanswerthephonewhenitwasrungoff.我剛要接電話，這時(shí)電話被掛斷了。③Canyouhearthechurchbellsringingouttheoldyear?你能聽到教堂的鐘聲在辭送舊歲嗎？[名師點(diǎn)津]表示“給某人打電話”的表達(dá)還有：callup,give...acall/ring,phone/call/telephone...等。2eq\a\vs4\al(turnaround轉(zhuǎn)身)(教材P11)Assheturnedaround,therestoodGladysClaffern.她一轉(zhuǎn)身，就看到格拉迪絲·克拉芬站在那兒。turnround轉(zhuǎn)身turndown拒絕；調(diào)小turnup出現(xiàn)；調(diào)高turnover翻轉(zhuǎn)；移交turnto轉(zhuǎn)向；翻到；求助于turnin上交turnout結(jié)果是[即學(xué)即用]①Sheturnedaround/roundandsawhercompanionrunningtowardheroutofbreath.她轉(zhuǎn)過(guò)身來(lái)，望見她的同伴氣喘吁吁地向她跑來(lái)。②Iamafraidyourrequestforapayrisewasturneddownagain.唯恐你們要增加工資的要求又一次被拒絕。③Wewerealloverjoyedatthenewsthattheexperimentturnedoutasuccess.聽到這個(gè)試驗(yàn)成功的消息，我們都特別興奮。④Havingreadpageone,sheturnedovertopagetwo.讀完了第一頁(yè)，她翻到其次頁(yè)。3leave...alone不管；別惹；讓一個(gè)人待著；和……單獨(dú)在一起(教材P12)Sheshouted“Leavemealone”andrantoherbed.她高聲喊：“讓我獨(dú)自待一會(huì)兒！”然后就跑向她的床上。leaveout省去；遺漏leaveaside擱置在一邊leavefor動(dòng)身去leavebehind留下；遺忘[即學(xué)即用]①Nochildlikesbeingleftaloneathomewhileothersgoouttoenjoythemselves.沒有孩子會(huì)寵愛被一個(gè)人留在家里，而別人都出去玩了。②Beforeyouleave,takecarenottoleaveanythingbehind.離開前，留意不要丟下什么東西。③JohnisleavingforLondontomorrowandIwillseehimoffattheairport.約翰將明天前往倫敦，我要去機(jī)場(chǎng)為他送行。1Shewasn'tlikeGladysClaffern，oneoftherichestandmostpowerfulwomenaround.她跟格拉迪絲·克拉芬不一樣，格拉迪絲是遠(yuǎn)近著名的最有錢有勢(shì)的女人之一。本句中oneoftherichest...在句中作同位語(yǔ)，對(duì)GladysClaffern作進(jìn)一步說(shuō)明和說(shuō)明。(1)名詞、代詞作同位語(yǔ)。①ThereisanemergencyshelterinWinnipegcalled“Hannah'sPlace”，somethingthatHannahisveryproudof.(2024·北京高考)在Winnipeg這個(gè)地方有個(gè)叫Hannah'sPlace的應(yīng)急庇護(hù)所，這是Hannah為之感到驕傲的地方。②I'mLiHua,a_student_from_China.(2024·全國(guó)卷I滿分作文)我是李華，一位來(lái)自中國(guó)的學(xué)生。(2)不定式、動(dòng)名詞作同位語(yǔ)。③Theyoungmantriedtoachievehisaim—enteringthekeyuniversity.這個(gè)年輕人努力實(shí)現(xiàn)他的目標(biāo)——進(jìn)入重點(diǎn)高校。(3)從句作同位語(yǔ)。同位語(yǔ)從句通常跟在某些抽象名詞(fact,plan,view,idea,belief,opinion,possibility,thought等)后，用來(lái)說(shuō)明所修飾詞的內(nèi)容。④Inthemeantime,thosevolunteersholdtheoppositeviewthattheyarefedupwiththeearthlifeandeagerforlivingontheMars.同時(shí)，那些持相反觀點(diǎn)的志愿者認(rèn)為，他們已經(jīng)厭倦了地球上的生活，渴望到火星居住。2ButeventhoughTonyhadbeensoclever，hewouldhavetoberebuilt—youcannothavewomenfallinginlovewithmachines.但是，盡管托尼很聰慧，他還得作一番改造——總不能讓女人與機(jī)器相愛吧。(1)havesb.doingsth.表示“讓某人做某事”，現(xiàn)在分詞作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)，表示持續(xù)的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)。①Don'thavethelightburninglikethat.不要讓燈總那樣亮著。②Youmayhaveyourhorserunning(run)freelyongrassland.在草原上你可以讓馬自由馳騁。(2)have的其他常見搭配：havesb.dosth.讓某人做某事havesth.done使某事情被做或使……遭受(某種不幸)havesth.todo(主語(yǔ))有某事要做③I'llhaveMaryshow(show)youtoyourroom.我會(huì)讓瑪麗帶你去你的房間。④Ihadmywatchrepaired(repair)yesterday.我昨天讓人修了手表。Ⅰ.單詞拼法1．Hehasgreatsympathy(憐憫)forthepoorandtheunfortunate.2．Whenitwasdeclared(宣布)thatthe19thCPCNationalCongresswasasuccess,alltheChinesecheered.3．Tooursatisfaction(滿足),thedisabledhaveeasyaccesstoanypartofthenewtheatre.4．Itisdesired(渴望)thatyoujoinourclub,asitisagreatwaytokeepfitandagoodchancetorelaxourselves.5．SinceIhaveneverbeentherebefore,Iamwritingtoaskyoutodomeafavour_(幫忙)．6．Hehasanambitiontoaccompany(陪伴)hismothertoJiuzhaigouforatrip.7．Weallenvy(艷羨)himthegoodchancetomakeaprofit.8．Ifthereisafire,don'tforgettocallthenumber119andsoundthealarm(警報(bào))．9．Itisknowntoallthattheobesityandoverweight(超重)problemsareontheriseinChina.10．Fromancienttimes,Guilinhasbeennotedforitselegant(優(yōu)雅的)landscape.Ⅱ.選詞填空testout,ringup,turnaround,leave...alone,beimpresse