標(biāo)準(zhǔn)解讀

《GB/T 45058-2024 島礁水域生物資源調(diào)查評(píng)估技術(shù)規(guī)范》是一項(xiàng)國(guó)家標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，旨在為島礁及其周邊水域的生物資源調(diào)查和評(píng)估提供一套科學(xué)、系統(tǒng)的技術(shù)方法。該標(biāo)準(zhǔn)適用于海洋島嶼、珊瑚礁以及其他類型島礁區(qū)域內(nèi)的生物多樣性研究與監(jiān)測(cè)活動(dòng)。

根據(jù)內(nèi)容，這項(xiàng)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)涵蓋了從準(zhǔn)備工作到數(shù)據(jù)處理及報(bào)告編制的全過(guò)程指導(dǎo)。具體包括但不限于以下幾個(gè)方面：

  1. 調(diào)查前準(zhǔn)備：定義了調(diào)查目的、范圍以及所需的基本資料收集要求；明確了人員配置、設(shè)備選擇等前期準(zhǔn)備工作的重要性。
  2. 現(xiàn)場(chǎng)調(diào)查方法：詳細(xì)描述了不同生態(tài)環(huán)境下（如淺水區(qū)、深水區(qū)）采用的具體采樣技術(shù)和手段，比如潛水觀察、拖網(wǎng)捕撈、遙感監(jiān)測(cè)等，并對(duì)每種方法的操作步驟進(jìn)行了規(guī)范說(shuō)明。
  3. 樣本處理與保存：規(guī)定了如何正確處理采集到的生物樣品，確保其在運(yùn)輸過(guò)程中不會(huì)受到損害或污染；同時(shí)介紹了長(zhǎng)期保存生物標(biāo)本的方法和技術(shù)。
  4. 數(shù)據(jù)分析：提供了基于調(diào)查所得數(shù)據(jù)進(jìn)行統(tǒng)計(jì)分析的原則與流程，包括物種鑒定、數(shù)量估計(jì)、分布特征描述等內(nèi)容。
  5. 報(bào)告撰寫：制定了編寫調(diào)查評(píng)估報(bào)告的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)格式，強(qiáng)調(diào)了信息完整性與準(zhǔn)確性的重要性，確保最終成果能夠全面反映目標(biāo)區(qū)域內(nèi)的生物資源狀況。


如需獲取更多詳盡信息，請(qǐng)直接參考下方經(jīng)官方授權(quán)發(fā)布的權(quán)威標(biāo)準(zhǔn)文檔。

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文檔簡(jiǎn)介

ICS65.020.99

CCSB50

中華人民共和國(guó)國(guó)家標(biāo)準(zhǔn)

GB/T45058—2024

島礁水域生物資源調(diào)查評(píng)估技術(shù)規(guī)范

Technicalspecificationforsurveyandassessmentofbiologicalresourcesin

islandandreefwaters

2024?12?31發(fā)布2025?07?01實(shí)施

國(guó)家市場(chǎng)監(jiān)督管理總局

國(guó)家標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化管理委員會(huì)發(fā)布

GB/T45058—2024

目次

前言··························································································································Ⅲ

1范圍·······················································································································1

2規(guī)范性引用文件········································································································1

3術(shù)語(yǔ)和定義··············································································································1

4總體要求·················································································································1

5海洋生態(tài)調(diào)查···········································································································2

6海藻或海草調(diào)查········································································································2

6.1站點(diǎn)布設(shè)···········································································································2

6.2調(diào)查時(shí)間···········································································································2

6.3調(diào)查方法···········································································································2

7魚卵、仔魚和稚魚調(diào)查································································································2

8游泳動(dòng)物調(diào)查···········································································································2

8.1聲學(xué)調(diào)查···········································································································2

8.2刺網(wǎng)調(diào)查···········································································································3

8.3水下視頻調(diào)查·····································································································3

8.4釣具調(diào)查···········································································································4

8.5籠壺調(diào)查···········································································································4

9資源評(píng)估·················································································································4

9.1葉綠素a及初級(jí)生產(chǎn)力·························································································4

9.2浮游植物···········································································································4

9.3浮游動(dòng)物···········································································································4

9.4大型底棲動(dòng)物·····································································································4

9.5潮間帶生物········································································································5

9.6海藻或海草········································································································5

9.7魚卵、仔魚和稚魚·································································································5

9.8游泳動(dòng)物···········································································································5

10資料歸檔···············································································································5

附錄A（資料性）海藻或海草調(diào)查樣帶和樣方設(shè)置·······························································6

附錄B（資料性）數(shù)據(jù)記錄表··························································································7

附錄C（規(guī)范性）生物多樣性評(píng)估參數(shù)指標(biāo)計(jì)算公式··························································10

C.1物種優(yōu)勢(shì)度······································································································10

C.2物種多樣性指數(shù)································································································10

C.3物種豐富度指數(shù)································································································10

Ⅰ

GB/T45058—2024

C.4物種均勻度指數(shù)································································································10

C.5辛普森優(yōu)勢(shì)度指數(shù)·····························································································11

附錄D（規(guī)范性）海藻或海草資源評(píng)估參數(shù)指標(biāo)計(jì)算公式·····················································12

D.1株高···············································································································12

D.2密度···············································································································12

D.3生物量············································································································12

附錄E（規(guī)范性）水下視頻游泳動(dòng)物資源密度評(píng)估計(jì)算公式··················································13

參考文獻(xiàn)····················································································································14

Ⅱ

GB/T45058—2024

前言

本文件按照GB/T1.1—2020《標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化工作導(dǎo)則第1部分：標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化文件的結(jié)構(gòu)和起草規(guī)則》的規(guī)定

起草。

請(qǐng)注意本文件的某些內(nèi)容可能涉及專利。本文件的發(fā)布機(jī)構(gòu)不承擔(dān)識(shí)別專利的責(zé)任。

本文件由中華人民共和國(guó)農(nóng)業(yè)農(nóng)村部提出。

本文件由全國(guó)水產(chǎn)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化技術(shù)委員會(huì)（SAC/TC156）歸口。

本文件起草單位：中國(guó)水產(chǎn)科學(xué)研究院南海水產(chǎn)研究所、廣東海洋大學(xué)、中國(guó)水產(chǎn)科學(xué)研究院南海

水產(chǎn)研究所深圳試驗(yàn)基地、三亞熱帶水產(chǎn)研究院。

本文件主要起草人：劉永、肖雅元、王騰、王學(xué)鋒、李純厚、林琳、吳鵬、陳國(guó)寶、劉玉、馬振華、鄒劍、

黃小林。

Ⅲ

GB/T45058—2024

島礁水域生物資源調(diào)查評(píng)估技術(shù)規(guī)范

1范圍

本文件規(guī)定了島礁水域生物資源調(diào)查的總體要求，海洋生態(tài)、海藻或海草、魚卵、仔魚和稚魚、游泳

動(dòng)物等調(diào)查和評(píng)估以及資料歸檔的技術(shù)要求，描述了對(duì)應(yīng)的證實(shí)方法。

本文件適用于海島、珊瑚礁和巖礁等島礁水域生物資源調(diào)查與評(píng)估。

2規(guī)范性引用文件

下列文件中的內(nèi)容通過(guò)文中的規(guī)范性引用而構(gòu)成本文件必不可少的條款。其中，注日期的引用文

件，僅該日期對(duì)應(yīng)的版本適用于本文件；不注日期的引用文件，其最新版本（包括所有的修改單）適用于

本文件。

GB/T12763.1海洋調(diào)查規(guī)范第1部分：總則

GB/T12763.6—2007海洋調(diào)查規(guī)范第6部分：海洋生物調(diào)查

GB/T12763.10海洋調(diào)查規(guī)范第10部分：海底地形地貌調(diào)查

HY/T

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