unit13知識點精講精練2022-2023學年英語九年級全一冊（人教新目標版）

Unit13We’retryingtosavetheearth.知識點講解一、littern.垃圾v.亂扔1、litter作名詞相當于rubbish，是不可數(shù)名詞。例句：Thereissomelitterintheclassroom.教室里有一些垃圾。 【辨析】litter和rubbish都可指＂垃圾＂，用作不可數(shù)名詞，但含義不同。litter指＂(在公共場所亂扔的)廢棄物(尤指廢紙等雜物)＂。例句：Pickupyourlitterafterapicnic.野餐后將廢棄物收拾好。rubbish指＂(不再想要或不需要的)廢棄物或垃圾＂。例句：Theroomisfullofrubbish.房間里堆滿了垃圾。2、litter作動詞用意為＂亂扔＂。例句：Thefloorwaslitteredwithpapers.地板上亂七八糟扔了許多報紙。二、cutdown削減；砍倒cutdown意為＂減少＂；是＂動詞+副詞＂結構的短語，其后接的賓語為名詞時，賓語可位于down的前面或后面，為代詞時，只能位于down前面。例句：Carownerswereaskedtocutdowntravel.車主們被要求減少出行。例句：Treesarehelpfultous.Don’tcutthemdown.樹對于我們有益處，不要砍伐它們?！颈嫖觥縞utdown砍倒；減少Peoplecutdownmanytreessoalotofanimalslosetheirhomes.人們砍倒了很多樹，因此很多動物失去了它們的家。cutoff切掉Thedoctorhadtocutoffhisarmtosavehislife.為了挽救他的生命，醫(yī)生不得不將他的胳膊截肢。cutout刪除Youcancutouttheunimportantdetails.你可以刪掉不重要的細節(jié)。cutup切碎Cutupthemeat,please.請把肉切碎。三、costv.&n.花費cost作動詞時，常用于Sthcost(s)sbsomemoney.這一句式中。作名詞時，意為＂花費，價錢＂。例句：Itmustcostagooddealtolivehere.住在這里一定要花很多錢。例句：Thepriceofcoffeefellsolow.咖啡的價格跌得那么低【辨析】take/spend/cost/paytake，spend，cost，pay的用法都可以表示＂花費＂，但用法卻不盡相同。1、spend的主語必須是人，常用于以下結構：①spendtime/moneyonsth在……上花費時間(金錢)②spendtime/money(in)doingsth花費時間(金錢)做某事2、cost的主語是物或某種活動，還可以表示＂值＂，常見用法如下：①sthcosts(sb)＋金錢某物花了(某人)多少錢②(doing)sthcosts(sb)＋時間某物(做某事)花了(某人)多少時間【溫馨提示】cost的過去式及過去分詞都是cost，并且不能用于被動語態(tài)。3、take后面常跟雙賓語，常見用法有以下幾種：①Ittakessb.＋時間＋todosth.做某事花了某人多少時間②doingsth.takessb.＋時間做某事花了某人多少時間4、pay的基本用法是：①pay(sb)moneyforsth付錢(給某人)買…… ②payforsth付……的錢③payforsb替某人付錢 ④paysb付錢給某人⑤paymoneyback還錢四、notonly...butalso...不但……而且……notonly...butalso...意為＂不但……而且……＂，其中also可以省略。notonly...butalso...是并列連詞詞組，可連接相同的句子成分或并列成分。連接并列主語時，句子的謂語動詞應與butalso后的主語的人稱和數(shù)保持一致。例句：NotonlyhebutalsoIamgoingtovisitBeijing.吉姆還有我都打算去參觀頤和園?！颈嫖觥科渌聿⒘械脑~組①not...but...意為＂不是……而是……＂，否定前者，肯定后者。②either...or...意為＂或者……或者……，不是……就是……＂，可連接并列主語、謂語、表語或賓語等。當其連接并列主語時，謂語動詞要和最近的主語保持人稱和數(shù)的一致。③both...and...意為＂……和……都＂，用來連接兩個并列成分，比如連接兩個主語、謂語或賓語等。當其連接并列主語時，謂語動詞要用復數(shù)形式。五、takepartin參加takepartin中的in為介詞，后接名詞、代詞或動詞的-ing形式。例句：Iwanttotakepartinyourparty.我想?yún)⒓幽愕木蹠?。takepartin指參加會議或群眾性活動等，重點說明句子的主語參加該項活動，并在其中發(fā)揮作用。join指加入某個黨派、團體、組織等，如＂參軍、入團、入黨＂等。joinin指參加某種活動，如＂游戲＂等，joininsth意為＂參加某事＂。attend側重參加或出席會議、學術活動、音樂會、上課等，著重強調(diào)成為其中的聽眾或觀眾?！颈嫖觥縯akepartin/join/joinin/attend六、Everyoneinthistownshouldplayapartincleaningitup!playapartin...的意思是＂在……起作用＂，相當于playarolein...。例句：ListeningplaysanimportantpartinlearningEnglish.聽力在學習英語中起重要作用。七、Thereareotheradvantagesofbikeriding.advantage的意思是＂優(yōu)點；有利條件＂，反義詞是disadvantage，意思是＂缺點，不利條件＂。【歸納拓展】1、havetheadvantageof勝過……例句：Ihavetheadvantageofhiminsinging.我在唱歌方面條件比他優(yōu)越。2、toone’sadvantage對某人有利的例句：Toheradvantage,hervoiceisverysweet.對她有利的是，她的聲音非常甜美。八、Sotogether,ouractionscanmakeadifferenceandleadtoabetterfuture!makeadifference的意思是＂有重大的影響＂；leadto的意思是＂導致，引導＂。例句：AllroadsleadtoRome.條條大路通羅馬。九、Iftheirnumbersdroptoolow,itwillbringdangertoalloceanlife.if引導的是條件狀語從句，謂語動詞使用一般現(xiàn)在時表示將來，主句使用一般將來時。例句：Ifitdoesn’traintomorrow,wewillgofishing.如果明天不下雨，我們就去釣魚。十、Sofar,noscientificstudieshaveshownthatsharkfinsaregoodforhealth,sowhyeatthem?1、sofar的意思是＂到目前為止＂，主句時態(tài)使用現(xiàn)在完成時。2、句中that引導的是賓語從句，作動詞shown的賓語。begoodfor的意思是＂對……有好處＂。十一、Yes,wecan’taffordtowaitanylongertotakeaction!afford意為＂承擔得起(后果)；買得起＂，affordsth.表示＂承受得起某物＂，affordtodosth.表示＂有能力做……，負擔得起……＂。例句：Idon’thaveenoughmoney.Ican’taffordthenewcar.我沒有足夠的錢。我買不起新車。十二、It’sdifficultforparentswithyoungchildrentousepublictransportation…本句采用了Itis+adj.+for/ofsb.todosth.結構，It作形式主語,動詞不定式作句子的真實主語。【注意】當形容詞修飾動詞不定式的內(nèi)容時，使用介詞for；當形容詞修飾sb.時，使用介詞of。例句：It’sveryimportantforustostudyhard.對我們來說努力學習非常重要。例句：It’skindofyoutohelpmewithmyEnglish.你太好了，幫助我學習英語。十三、bemadeof由……制成bemadeof是固定詞組，意為＂由……制成＂，強調(diào)從制成品中仍可以看出它的原材料。例句：Thedeskismadeofwood.這張桌子是由木頭制成的?！颈嫖觥縝emadeof與bemadefrombemadeof表示由制成品仍可看出原材料，保留了原材料的質(zhì)地，在制作過程中僅發(fā)生了物理變化；bemadefrom表示制成品完全失去了原材料的外形或特征，或原材料在制作過程中發(fā)生了化學變化，在制成品中已無法辨認。例句：Thebeautifulflowersweremadeofplastic.這些美麗的花是由塑料制成的。例句：Saltismadefromseawater.鹽是由海水制成的。十四、setup建立；開辦1、setup建立；開辦例句：2、setup也可意為＂建立；設立；設置＂。例句：Twonewbridgeshavebeensetup.建立了兩座新橋?！就卣埂縮etoff/out意為＂動身；出發(fā)＂例句：Theysetoffatnight.他們在晚上出發(fā)。十五、bringback恢復；歸還；帶回bringbacktolife使復活；給……以活力例句：Oncesomeonehasdied,hecannotbebroughtbacktolife.人死不能復生?！就卣埂縝ring的相關短語：bringup撫養(yǎng)；嘔吐bringabout引起；導致bringout使顯現(xiàn)bringin引入bringdown減少十六、Haveyoueverthoughtabouthowthesethingscanactuallybeputtogooduse?putsth.togooduse相當于makegooduseofsth.，意思是＂充分利用＂。例句：Shetellsmethatweshouldputtimetogooduse/makegooduseoftime.她告訴我我們應該好好利用時間。十七、YouhaveprobablyneverheardofAmyHayes,butsheisamostunusualwoman.1、heard是hear的過去分詞，hearof的意思是＂聽說，了解，知道＂。【拓展】hearfrom表示＂收到……的來信＂。2、amostunusualwoman表示＂一位非常不同尋常的女士＂，most的意思是＂非常＂，修飾形容詞unusual?！就卣埂浚he+most+多音節(jié)形容詞＂表示＂最……的＂，most幫助構成形容詞的最高級。十八、ShelivesinahouseintheUKthatshebuiltherselfoutofrubbish.that引導的是定語從句，修飾先行詞ahouse，that在從句中作動詞built的賓語。十九、Thewindowsanddoorscomefromoldbuildingsaroundhertownthatwerepulleddown.1、comefrom的意思是＂來自＂，相當于befrom?！就卣埂縞omeabout發(fā)生；comeacross偶爾發(fā)現(xiàn)，偶遇；comealong一道來，陪伴；comeon趕快；comeout發(fā)芽，出版；comeover訪問；cometolife蘇醒；cometrue實現(xiàn)。2、that引導的是定語從句，修飾先行詞oldbuildings,that在定語從句中作主語，不可以省略。例句：Thisisthefactorythatproducesnoisepollution.這就是產(chǎn)生噪音污染的工廠。3、pulldown的意思是＂拆下，摧毀＂。例句：Manyoldhousesinourtownwerepulleddown.我們城鎮(zhèn)的很多舊房子被拆除了。二十、JessicaWongfromHongKongusesoldclothesthatpeopledon’twearanymoretomakebags.use...todosth.表示＂使用……做某事＂。例句：Peopleoftenuseaknifetocutthings.人們經(jīng)常用刀來切東西。二十一、Notonlycantheartbringhappinesstoothers,butitalsoshowsthatevencold,hardironcanbebroughtbacktolifewithalittlecreativity.1、notonly...butalso...的意思是＂不但……，而且……＂，notonly引導的句子位于句首時，使用倒裝句。例句：Notonlycanmysisterplaythepiano,butalsoshecanplaytheviolin.我姐姐不但會彈鋼琴，她也會拉小提琴。2、bringback的意思是＂恢復；歸還＂，相當于return。例句：Pleasebringbackthebookstothelibrary.請把書歸還給圖書館。二十二、現(xiàn)在進行時1.概念：表示說話時正在進行的動作及行為或表示現(xiàn)階段正在進行的動作。2.結構：現(xiàn)在進行時常有三種句型：（1）肯定式：主語＋be＋v-ing＋其他。（2）否定式：主語＋be＋not＋v-ing＋其他。（3）疑問式：主要分一般疑問句和特殊疑問句兩種句式。=1\*GB3①一般疑問句：Be＋主語＋v-ing＋其他?=2\*GB3②特殊疑問句：疑問詞＋be＋主語＋v-ing＋其他？3.常用的時間狀語有：now，atthemoment，rightnow，thesedays等。在句首出現(xiàn)look或listen時，也可以判斷出后面的句子用現(xiàn)在進行時。二十三、現(xiàn)在完成時1.概念：表示過去發(fā)生或已經(jīng)發(fā)生的某一動作對現(xiàn)在造成的結果或影響，可以和already，yet，just連用。2.構成：助動詞have/has+過去分詞。3.常用的時間狀語：=1\*GB3①already，yet，just，ever，never，before；=2\*GB3②thismorning（week，month...），today，now；=3\*GB3③uptonow，tillnow，sofar，inthepastfew（two，three...）years等。4.延續(xù)性動詞與非延續(xù)性動詞現(xiàn)在完成時中非延續(xù)性動詞不可以和表示一段時間的時間狀語連用。此時應將非延續(xù)性動詞轉換為延續(xù)性動詞，轉換情況可見下表：非延續(xù)性動詞（短語）延續(xù)性動詞（短語）例句borrowkeepHehasbeenawayforaweek.他離開有一周了。Howlonghaveyoukeptthebook?你借這本書多長時間了？buyhavediebedeadget(to)be(in)leavebeawaybecomebefallasleepbeasleepbeginbeongooutbeoutjoinbeamemberofputonwear【注意】在否定句中，短暫性動詞可以和表示一段時間的狀語連用。5.現(xiàn)在完成時的三個固定結構：（1）have/hasbeento表示某人曾經(jīng)去過某地，現(xiàn)在已不在某地。可以和表示次數(shù)的單詞或短語連用，如once，twice，threetimes等。（2）have/hasgoneto表示某人去某地了，可能在途中，也可能到了那里，總之不在說話處。（3）have/hasbeenin表示某人在某地待了一段時間，經(jīng)常與＂for+一段時間＂連用。二十四、被動語態(tài)主動語態(tài)變被動語態(tài)時，主動語態(tài)句中的賓語變成被動語態(tài)句中的主語，主動語態(tài)句中的主語成為被動語態(tài)句中的動作的發(fā)出者。1.基本結構：is/am/are+及物動詞的過去分詞2.主動語態(tài)與被動語態(tài)之間的轉換狀語賓語謂語主語狀語賓語謂語主語We狀語賓語謂語主語狀語賓語謂語主語Thatfactorywasvisitedbyuslastsummer.被動語態(tài)3.感官動詞（hear，see，watch等）或使役動詞（make，let等）在主動句中，其后的動詞不定式不帶to，但在變?yōu)楸粍诱Z態(tài)時必須使用to。makesomebodydosomething→somebody+be+madetodosomethingseesomebodydosomething→somebody+be+seentodosomething同步練習一、單項選擇1．Allofus________greatprogresssincewestartedGrade9.A．make B．made C．willmake D．havemade2．—ThemoviePiratesoftheCaribbeanⅤissoexciting,and...—Stop!________themovie.Pleasedon’tletmeknowtoomuchaboutthestory.A．Iwon’twatch B．I’mnotwatching C．Ihaven’twatched3．—Whatdidthedoctorsayabouttheman’sillness?—His_________wasterrible,buttheyhadfoundthemedicinefortheillness.A．difficulty B．a(chǎn)dvantage C．situation4．Tim________lotsofcomputergames,butnowheworkshardforhisdream.A．usedtoplaying B．isusedtoplayC．isusedtoplaying D．usedtoplay5．—Youcan’timaginehowMike________!—Oh,yes.He’smuchhappierandworksevenharderthanbefore.A．haschanged B．changed C．willchange D．change6．Eatlesschocolate,oryou’ll________weightquickly.A．puton B．putoff C．turnoff D．turnon7．ThepopularbookGonewiththeWind________ascoreof9.2byChinesereadersonDoubanlastmonth.A．gave B．wasgiven C．wasgiving D．weregiven8．Onethirdofthestudentsinourclass______forBeijingnextweek.A．leaves B．haveleft C．a(chǎn)releaving D．left9．Thankstothekindperson,thelittledog________fromtheholesuccessfully.A．wassaving B．wassavedC．saved D．willbesaved10．We________tocheckourpapersseveraltimesbeforehandingthemin.A．suppose B．supposed C．a(chǎn)resupposed D．a(chǎn)resupposing二、完形填空OnemorningSharonwokeupandshewantedtofindtheenvironment.MissClark,herteacher,toldherthatpeopleneededtokeepenvironment____11____.SoSharonhadtofinditfirst.BecauseitwasSaturday,shehadplentyof____12____.Whenshegotoutofbed,shedecidedtolook____13____thebed.Itwasdusty(布滿灰塵的)underthere,butwherewastheenvironment?Sharonwenttothewindow.She____14____atthetreesintheneighbors’yard.She____15____somethingalittlesmoky.Thenshewenttotheliving-room.Ugh,thesmellofherdad’scigarette.Shedidn’tfindtheenvironment.____16____shewantedtofindit,she’dbetterhurryup.Thenshewenttothekitchen.Hermomwaspreparingforbreakfast.Afterbreakfast,shewentoutsidetolookfortheenvironment.ShemetHerman,atalkingsquirrel(松鼠).Heaskedherwhatshewaslookingfor.“I’mlookingfortheenvironment.Haveyouseenithere?Howhaveyouever____17____it?Andifyoufindit,howdoyoukeepitclean?”Hermanlookedsurprised.“It’sstrange.Youarethe____18____humantoeverlookfortheenvironment.Theenvironmentseemstobealmosteverywhere,”Hermansaid.Sharonlookedtotherightandtheleft.Shelookedup.Shelookeddown.“Where?”shesaid.“____19____isitnow?”“Theenvironmentisjustabouteverywhereyoulook,”Hermansaid.“Theenvironmentistheair,thewaterandthesoil.Infact,it’s____20____aroundus.”11．A．open B．clean C．dirty12．A．money B．work C．time13．A．under B．on C．a(chǎn)t14．A．lookedback B．lookedin C．lookedout15．A．felt B．smelt C．tasted16．A．So B．If C．Though17．A．found B．find C．finding18．A．first B．last C．early19．A．What B．How C．Where20．A．everything B．nothing C．something三、閱讀單選IntheUSA,aquestionisaskedmillionsoftimeseverydayinthesupermarket:“Paperorplastic?”Well,whichkindofbagwouldyouchoose?Infact,allkindsofbagshavesomeinfluenceontheenvironment.Butwearealwaystoldthatpaperbagsarebetter.Forexample,theybreakdowneasilyandcanberecycled.However,makingpaperbagstakesmoreenergythanmakingplasticbags.Howcanthisbetrue?Studiesshowthatpaperbagproductionrequiresfourtimesasmuchenergyasplasticbagproduction.Andtheamountofwaterusedtomakepaperbagsistwentytimeshigher.Andtheinfluenceonforestsismoreserious.Ittakesaboutfourteenmilliontreestoproducetenbillionpaperbags.Asforrecycling,somepeoplebelievethatpaperbagsmoreenvironment-friendlythanplasticones.However,thisideacanbequicklydiscarded.Researchshowstheoppositeistrue.Eventhoughpaperbagsmightbemoreharmfulthanplasticones,plasticstillseemstobeconsideredbygovernmentsasthemoreharmfulofthetwo.InIreland,peoplehavetopay22centsforeveryplasticbag,andasaresult,theirusehasdroppedquickly.Itseemswisetoreusethesebags.However,we’renotdoingthatalot.Thatmaybebecausetheyareeasilybroken.Ifso,clothbagsareabetterchoice,butstilltheirproductionalsohasabadinfluenceontheenvironment.Sowhatshouldwedo?Howshouldweanswerthequestionof“Paperorplastic?”Itseemsthatwefirstneedtoaskourselvesthefollowingquestion:“WhatcanIdotohelptheenvironment?”21．ThequestioninParagraph1isusedto________.A．tellreaderhowtoshop B．explainthewriter’sproblemC．showwhatwillbediscussedinthepassage D．showthehardworkinthesupermarket22．Comparewithplasticbags,paperbags________.A．needlesswatertoproduce B．recyclelessenergytorecycleC．haveaworseinfluenceonforests D．takemoretimetobreakdown23．WhatdoestheunderlineworddiscardedinParagraph3meaninChinese?A．分享 B．拋棄 C．討論 D．提出24．Irelandhascutdowntheuseofplasticbagsby________.A．lettingpeoplepayforthem B．notallowingpeopletousethemC．providingpeoplewithpaperbags D．notprovidingtheminthesupermarkets25．Whichquestiondoesthewriterprobablywanttohearinthesupermarket?A．Paperorcloth? B．Paperorplastic?C．Asmallbagorabigone? D．Anewbagoryourownone?Asweallknow,toomuchtrashisabigproblemforourenvironment.AwomaninIndonesia’sJavaislandhascomeupwithagreatidea—lendingbookstochildreninexchangefortrash.RadenRoroHendarti,nearly50yearsold,isalibrarianinMuntangvillage.Shestarteda“trashlibrary”,hopingtomakechildrenreadmoreaswellasmakethemrealizetheimportanceofenvironmentprotection.Eachweekday,Radenputsallkindsofbooksonthebackofherthree-whoceler(三輪車)andridestoMuntangvillage.There,ch?ldrenlineuptoexchangeplasticcups,bagsandothertrashforbooksfromRaden’smobilelibrary.Afterfinishingtheexchange,Radencarriesbackallthetrash.InthelibrarywhereRadenworks,therearethousandsofbooks.Everytimesheshowsup,childrenruntoher“trashlibrary”.Theyallcarrytrashbags,andRaden’sthree-wheelerquicklyfillswithtrashasthebooksflyout.Radencollectsabout100kgoftrasheachweek.Itisthensortedout(分類)andsentforrecyclingorsale.Sheishappythatchildrenspendlesstimeononlinegamesbecauseofthebooks.Radenplanstotakethemobilelibraryservicetoneighboringareasaswell.Shesays,“Weallshouldtakecareofourtrashinordertofightclimate(氣候)changeandsavetheearth.”26．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“trash”mean?A．plastic B．rubbish C．paper D．information27．WheredoesRadenwork?A．inashop B．inabank C．inalibrary D．inapostoffice28．WhichofthefollowingshowshowRaden’sideaworks?①SheridestoMuntangvillage.

②Childrenlineuptogetbooksfortheirtrash.③Shecarriesbackallthetrash.

④Sheputsbooksonherthree-wheeler.A．④→③→①→② B．④→①→②→③C．①→③→④→② D．①→②→③→④29．HowmuchtrashcanRadencollecteachweekday?A．About100kg. B．About50kg. C．About25kg. D．About20kg.30．What’sRadengoingtodonext?A．Toaskherneighborsforhelp.B．Togivethemobilelibrarytoherneighbors.C．Toexchangebooksfortrashinmorevillages.D．Totellchildrentospendlesstimeononlinegames.Manycompaniestodayholdmeetingstodiscusstheirnewplans.Aspeoplearepayingmoreattentiontotheenvironmentalproblems,morecompaniesarelookingforwaystoreducetheirbadinfluenceontheenvironment.ManyofthemachievethisbyusingtheWebmeeting.TheWebmeetingisatechnologythatallowspeopletocommunicatebetterovertheInternet.It’saneasywayofhostingandattendingameeting.Participants(參與者)don’thavetoleavetheoffice.Eachofthemwillreceiveaninvitationwiththemeetingtimeanddateonit.Whenthemeetingisreadytobegin,theymustsitbeforetheircomputers.WiththeWebmeeting,allparticipantscanattendthemeetingattheirowndesks.Theydon’tneedtodriveacartotraveltoandfromthemeeting.Asaresult,nofuel(燃料)isusedandlesstimeistakenupinattendingaWebmeeting.Materials(材料)forthemeetingaresimplye-mailedtoalltheparticipantsbeforeitbegins.Thenparticipantscanjustreadthemonthescreen.Forthecompany,thisnotonlysavestheuseofpaperbutalsogreatlyreducesthemailingcost.Inaword,aWebmeetingisacheaper,greener,andfriendlierwayofhostingandattendingameeting.CompaniesthatholdWebmeetingsarewillingtoworkhardforabetterenvironment.Sotheycanfindtheirworkingpartnerswhohavethesamegreenideasinashorttime.Inreturn,theydevelopgoodrelationshipswithothercompaniesandimprovetheirbusiness.31．WhatshouldtheparticipantsdowhentheWebmeetingisreadytobegin?A．Theyshouldsitbeforetheircomputers. B．Theyshouldleavetheoffice.C．Theyshouldcalleachother. D．Theyshoulddrivetheircarstothemeeting.32．WhichisNOTtrueaccordingtothepassage?A．YoucanattendaWebmeetinginyouroffice.B．Theparticipantscan’treadthematerialsonthescreen.C．TheWebmeetingcansaveuslotsoftime.D．AWebmeetingcansavefuel.33．Accordingtothepassage,aWebmeetingcanbe________.A．faster B．moreexpensive C．moreboring D．greener34．What’sthebesttitleofthepassage?A．TheTroubleofWebMeetings B．TheIdeasaboutWebMeetingsC．TheadvantagesofWebMeetings D．ParticipantsofWebMeetings四、語法填空閱讀下面短文，在空白處填上一個適當?shù)膯卧~或填入括號內(nèi)所給單詞的適當形式。Abeachcleanupbringspeopletogethertotaketrash(垃圾)awayfromabeach.Many____35____(university)organizethecleanups.Andtheyoftenworkwithlocalgovernmentsto____36____(proper)dealwithanytrashthatiscollected.Myhusband,Josh,andIgotoasmanybeachcleanupsaswecan.Weevenwroteabouthowmuchwehaveenjoyedbeachcleanupsonourblog.Itisoneofour____37____thingstodo.Youmightnotthinkthat____38____(pick)uptrashsoundslikefun.Butcleaningupabeach,especiallyifthereisalotoftrash,isveryhelpful.Abeachcleanupisagoodwaytohelpimprovethe____39____,getexerciseandmeetnewpeople.Somebeachesarecoveredwithsomuchtrashthatcleaningthemupmightseem____40____(possible).Butyoucan____41____thetaskinjustafewhourswithagroupofvolunteers.Bythetimeyouaredone,youwill____42____(encourage)bytheresults.Youmighthaveevenmadeafewnewfriends!MyfirsttimejoiningabeachcleanupwasinCostaRica.Ourgroupwalked30minutestoasmallbeachcalled“PlayaBasura”.Weworkedhard____43____abouttwohoursandfilledover100trashbags.Thedifferencewasamazing.TrashonbeacheslikePlayaBasurawon’tend_____44_____peoplestoptrashfromgettingintotheoceans.Buteverybeachcleanuphelps.五、講稿45．假如你是王穎，是一名學生。為大力推進生態(tài)文明建設，你所在的城市正開展以“綠色生活，美麗家園”為主題的宣傳月活動。請你根據(jù)以下提示以“共建美麗家園”為主題，寫一篇英語演講稿，呼吁大家愛護環(huán)境、保護生態(tài)，建設美麗家園。提示：主題BuildGreenAndBeautifulHometownTogether具體做法綠色出行，避免交通擁堵，減少空氣污染；不亂扔垃圾，讓家園變得干凈舒適；植樹造林，美化家園，保護環(huán)境。你的建議……要求：1.80—100詞（開頭已給出，不計入總詞數(shù)）；2.文章必須包含所給的所有要點，可適當增加細節(jié)，以使行文連貫；3.文中不能出現(xiàn)自己的姓名。提示詞：垃圾箱dustbin；交通擁堵trafficjamsHello,everyone!I’mWangYing,astudentfromNo.1HighSchool.TodayI’dliketosharemyopinionson“Buildgreenandbeautifulhometowntogether”.____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________答案1．D【解析】句意：自從九年級開始，我們所有人都取得了很大的進步?？疾楝F(xiàn)在完成時。根據(jù)“since”可知，主句應用現(xiàn)在完成時：have/has+過去分詞。故選D。2．C【解析】句意：——電影《加勒比海盜5》非常精彩，而且……——停！我沒有看電影。請不要讓我知道太多關于這個故事的事?？疾閯釉~時態(tài)。根據(jù)“themovie.Pleasedon’tletmeknowtoomuchaboutthestory”可知此處表示還未看過這部電影，表示過去的動作對現(xiàn)在的影響，用現(xiàn)在完成時have/hasdone。故選C。3．C【解析】句意：——醫(yī)生對這個人的病說了什么？——他的情況很糟糕，但他們已經(jīng)找到了治病的藥?？疾槊~辨析。difficulty困難；advantage優(yōu)勢；situation情形。根據(jù)“His...wasterrible”可知，此處是形容男子的病，所以此處應該是“情形”。故選C。4．D【解析】句意：提姆過去常常玩很多電腦游戲，但是現(xiàn)在他為他的夢想努力?？疾閯釉~短語辨析。beusedtodosth.被用來做某事；beusedtodoingsth.習慣于做某事；usedtodosth.過去常常做某事；不存在usedtodoingsth.的搭配。根據(jù)“butnowheworkshardforhisdream.”可知，前面的并列句表“提姆過去常常玩很多電腦游戲”，所以，短語usedtodosth.符合語境。故選D。5．A【解析】句意：——你無法想象邁克的變化有多大！——哦，是的。他比以前快樂多了，工作也更努力了?？疾闀r態(tài)辨析。根據(jù)“Oh,yes.He’smuchhappierandworksevenharderthanbefore.”可知過去的變化對現(xiàn)在造成的影響是他更快樂、工作更努力了，用現(xiàn)在完成時，其結構為have/hasdone。故選A。6．A【解析】句意：少吃巧克力，否則你會很快發(fā)胖?？疾閯釉~短語。puton增重；putoff推遲；turnoff關閉；turnon打開。根據(jù)“Eatlesschocolate,oryou’ll...weightquickly”可知要少吃巧克力，不然會發(fā)胖。故選A。7．B【解析】句意：暢銷書《飄》上個月在豆瓣上被中國讀者給了9.2分?？疾橐话氵^去時的被動語態(tài)。解析句子結構可知，主語是動作的承受者，用被動語態(tài)。由lastmonth可知，時態(tài)是一般過去時，主語是單數(shù)，用was+過去分詞。故選B。8．C【解析】句意：我們班三分之一的學生下周動身去北京。考查動詞時態(tài)。根據(jù)“nextweek”可知，要用一般將來時，leave是短暫性動詞，一般用現(xiàn)在進行時表示將來，故選C。9．B【解析】句意：多虧了那個善良的人，小狗被成功地從洞里救了出來。考查被動語態(tài)。主語“thelittledog”與動詞save存在被動關系；根據(jù)語境，“小狗被救”是過去發(fā)生的事情，故此處要用一般過去時的被動語態(tài)。故選B。10．C【解析】句意：我們應該在交卷前檢查幾次?？疾楣潭ň涫健bbesupposedtodosth.表示“某人應該做某事”，此處是固定句型，故選C。11．B

12．C

13．A

14．C

15．B

16．B

17．A

18．A

19．C

20．A【解析】本文是一篇記敘文。文章講述了Sharon在老師告訴她要保持環(huán)境清潔之后，到處尋找環(huán)境的故事。11．句意：Clark小姐，她的老師，告訴她人們需要保持環(huán)境干凈。open開放的；clean干凈的；dirty臟的。根據(jù)“Itwasdustyunderthere,butwherewastheenvironment?”可知Sharon覺得布滿灰塵的不是環(huán)境，所以推測老師告訴她要保持環(huán)境干凈，故選B。12．句意：因為是周六，所以她有大量的時間。money金錢；work工作；time時間。根據(jù)“BecauseitwasSaturday”可知應是有時間，故選C。13．句意：當她下床時，她決定看看床下。under在……的下面；on在……的上面；at在。根據(jù)“Itwasdustyunderthere,butwherewastheenvironment?”可知是看了床下，故選A。14．句意：她往外看鄰居院里的樹。lookedback回首；lookedin看望；lookedout往外看。根據(jù)“Sharonwenttothewindow.”可知應是往外看，故選C。15．句意：她聞到一些有一點似煙的東西。felt感覺；smelt聞到；tasted嘗起來。根據(jù)“somethingalittlesmoky”可知應是聞到，故選B。16．句意：如果她想要找到它，她最好趕快。so所以；if如果；though盡管。結合備選項可知應是如果想要找到它，條件狀語從句，故選B。17．句意：你曾經(jīng)怎樣找到它？found找到，過去式和過去分詞；find原形；finding動名詞。根據(jù)“have”可知句子時態(tài)為現(xiàn)在完成時，其謂語結構為“have/has+done”，故選A。18．句意：你是尋找環(huán)境的第一人。first第一；last最后的；early早的。根據(jù)“It’sstrange”和“Theenvironmentseemstobealmosteverywhere,”可知Herman認為幾乎處處都是環(huán)境，Sharon卻在找環(huán)境，所以猜測Herman認為Sharon是第一個找環(huán)境的人，故選A。19．句意：現(xiàn)在它在哪里？what什么；how怎樣；where在哪里。根據(jù)“heenvironmentisjustabouteverywhereyoulook”可知此處詢問地點，故選C。20．句意：事實上，它是我們周圍的一切。everything一切；nothing沒有什么事；something某事。根據(jù)“Theenvironmentistheair,thewaterandthesoil.”和常識可知環(huán)境應是我們周圍的一切，故選A。21．C

22．C

23．B

24．A

25．D【解析】本文是一篇議論文。文章主要討論了紙袋子和塑料袋子到底哪個對環(huán)境的危害更大。21．推理判斷題。根據(jù)后文可知，第一段的問題目的在于引出下文。選項C“展示文章將會討論什么”符合題意。故選C。22．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Andtheinfluenceonforestsismoreserious.”可知，紙袋子相對塑料袋子來說，對森林的影響更為嚴重。故選C。23．詞句猜測題。根據(jù)“Asforrecycling,somepeoplebelievethatpaperbagsmoreenvironment-friendlythanplasticones.However,thisideacanbequicklydiscarded.Researchshowstheoppositeistrue.”可知，一些人認為，紙袋子相對塑料袋子在回收時對環(huán)境更為友好，然而，研究顯示事實剛好相反，所以，這種觀點很快被拋棄。故選B。24．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“InIreland,peoplehavetopay22centsforeveryplasticbag,andasaresult,theirusehasdroppedquickly.”可知，在愛爾蘭，人們必須付22美分來購買每個塑料袋，結果，塑料袋的使用大幅降低。由此可知，愛爾蘭是通過讓人們?yōu)樗芰洗顿M來減少塑料袋的使用的。故選A。25．推理判斷題。根據(jù)“Itseemswisetoreusethesebags.”可知，作者認為重復使用袋子是明智的選擇，由此可推測出，作者最想在超市聽到的問題是“新袋子還是您自己的袋子？”。故選D。26．B

27．C

28．B

29．D

30．C【解析】本文介紹Raden發(fā)明了移動圖書館服務，讓孩子們用垃圾換圖書，既保護了環(huán)境，又幫助了孩子們。26．詞句猜測題。根據(jù)“Asweallknow,toomuchtrashisabigproblemforourenvironment.”以及“There,ch?ldrenlineuptoexchangeplasticcups,bagsandothertrashforbooksfromRaden’smobilelibrary.Afterfinishingtheexchange,Radencarriesbackallthetrash.”可知，孩子們排隊用塑料杯、塑料袋和其他垃圾換取流動圖書館的書籍，完成交換后，Raden會把所有的垃圾運回。此處trash的意思是“垃圾”，和rubbish同義。故選B。27．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“RadenRoroHendarti,nearly50yearsold,isalibrarianinMuntangvillage”可知Raden在圖書館里工作，故選C。28．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Eachweekday,Radenputsallkindsofbooksonthebackofherthree-whoceler(三輪車)andridestoMuntangvillage.”可知她把書放在她的三輪車上排在第一位，她騎車去Muntang村排在第二位；根據(jù)“There,ch?ldrenlineuptoexchangeplasticcups,bagsandothertrashforbooksfromRaden’smobilelibrary.Afterfinishingtheexchange,Radencarriesbackallthetrash.”可知孩子們排隊去用垃圾換書排在第三位，她把所有的垃圾都搬了回來排在第四位。故選B。29．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Radencollectsabout100kgoftrasheachweek.”可知，Raden每周收集大約100公斤垃圾，所以每個工作日大約是20公斤。故選D。30．推理判斷題。根據(jù)“Radenplanstotakethemobilelibraryservicetoneighboringareasaswell.”可知，Raden計劃將移動圖書館服務也推廣到周邊地區(qū)。故選C。31．A

32．B

33．D

34．C【解析】本文是一篇說明文。本文說明了網(wǎng)絡會議的好處——綠色、環(huán)保、成本低。31．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Whenthemeetingisreadytobegin,theymustsitbeforetheircomputers.”可知，當會議準備開始時，他們必須坐在電腦前。故選A。32．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Materials（材料）forthemeetingaresimplye-mailedtoalltheparticipantsbeforeitbegins.Thenparticipantscanjustreadthemonthescre