2024-2025學年高中英語Module3InterpersonalRelationships-FriendshipSectionⅢGrammar教師用書教案外研版選修6

PAGE1-Module3InterpersonalRelationships--Friendship動詞-ing形式(Ⅱ)和動詞不定式作賓語語境自主領(lǐng)悟先視察原句后自主感悟1.Havinglostallmyoldfriends,Ifeltshyandlonelyatmynewschool.2.Havingleftsomethinginthecloakroom,Iwentinsidetogetit.3.Thisweekend,havingthoughtaboutthesituationforawhile,IdecidedtoaskRoyaboutthetheft.4.I'llneverforgetmeetingher.Shewassokindtome.5.Iwon'tforgettomeetherafterschool.6.Remembertokeepintouchwhenyougoaway.7.Doyouremembergoingtoschoolforthefirsttime？1.前三個例句中動詞-ing形式的完成式在句中作狀語，后四個例句中動詞-ing形式與動詞不定式均作賓語。2.動詞-ing形式的完成式作狀語時，其表示的動作發(fā)生在謂語動詞之前，其邏輯主語是句子的主語。3.句4和句7中作賓語的動詞-ing形式的動作已經(jīng)發(fā)生，句5和句6中作賓語的動詞不定式的動作尚未發(fā)生。一、動詞-ing形式的完成式作狀語動詞-ing形式的完成式的構(gòu)成為havingdone；否定式為nothavingdone；被動式為havingbeendone。動詞-ing形式的完成式表示的動作發(fā)生在句中謂語動詞表示的動作之前，常在句中作時間、緣由、讓步狀語等，可轉(zhuǎn)換成相應的狀語從句。Havingwrittentheletter,hewenttopostit.＝Afterhehadwrittentheletter,hewenttopostit.寫完信后，他去寄走它。Nothavingstudiedhislessonsveryhard,hefailedtheexamination.＝Becausehehadn'tstudiedhislessonsveryhard,hefailedtheexamination.因為沒有努力學習，所以他考試不及格。Havingbeentoldmanytimes,hestillrepeatedthesamemistake.＝Althoughhehadbeentoldmanytimes,hestillrepeatedthesamemistake.已經(jīng)被告知多次，他仍犯同樣的錯誤。[名師點津]動詞-ing形式的一般式和完成式作狀語的區(qū)分(1)動詞-ing形式的一般式作狀語時所表示的動作與主句謂語動作同時或幾乎同時發(fā)生，常表示時間、條件、緣由或結(jié)果等。(2)動詞-ing形式的完成式作狀語時所表示的動作發(fā)生在主句謂語動作之前，常表示時間或緣由。Seeingthosepictures，hecouldn'thelpthinkingofthosedaysinYan'an.當他看到那些圖片時，就禁不住想起了在延安的那些日子。Havinggotourtickets，wedrovetotheairporttoboardtheplane.買到機票之后，我們就開車到機場登機。[即時訓練1]用動詞-ing形式完成句子①Havingleftthewalletinmyoffice(把錢包忘在辦公室了)，Ihadnomoneytopayfortheticket.②Nothavingcompletedtheproject(還沒完成這個項目),theywon'tstoptohavearest.③Walkingalongthestreet(在街上漫步時),hecameacrossanoldfriend.二、動詞-ing形式與動詞不定式作賓語1．下列動詞(短語)跟動詞-ing形式作賓語，請牢登記面的口訣：建議考慮堅持練，(suggest，advise，consider，insiston,practise)允許想象棄冒險，(permit，allow，imagine，giveup，risk)阻擋反抗否逃脫，(prevent，resist，deny，escape)不禁介意保持完，(can'thelp，mind，keep，finish)耽擱推遲求寬恕，(delay，putoff，require，forgive，excuse)承認錯過欣喜愛。(admit，miss，appreciate，enjoy)Isuggestgoingouttohavearestafterstudyingforonehour.我建議在學習一小時之后出去休息一下。Hegotwell-preparedforthejobinterview,forhecouldn'trisklosingthegoodopportunity.他為這次工作面試做了充分準備，因為他不能冒失去這次好機會的風險。[名師點津]advise,allow,forbid,permit等動詞后可干脆跟動詞-ing形式作賓語，也可跟不定式作補語。Wedon'talloweatingintheclassroom.我們不允許在教室里吃飯。Youcan'tallowfeartoimpacthowyouoperate.你不能讓恐驚影響你的行為方式。2．下列動詞跟動詞不定式作賓語，請牢登記面的口訣：同意提出作支配，(agree，offer，intend，plan)要求答應來幫忙。(demand，promise，help)準備確定遭拒絕，(prepare，decide，refuse)敢于選擇有希望。(choose，wish，hope，want，expect)不能做到莫假裝，(fail，pretend)設法做成決心強。(manage，determine)請求支配又威逼，(beg，arrange，threaten)聲稱目標不遲疑。(claim，aim，hesitate)Weagreedtomeetherebutsofarshehasn'tturnedupyet.我們約好在此地見面，但是她到現(xiàn)在還沒有露面。Theymanagedtofinishtheworkontime.他們設法按時完成了工作。3．可接動詞-ing形式和不定式作賓語且意義差別不大的動詞(1)hate，love，like，prefer等動詞后接不定式和動名詞作賓語時，意義雖相同，內(nèi)涵卻有些區(qū)分——接不定式作賓語時，多表示一次性的、詳細的動作；接動名詞作賓語時，多表示習慣性的、一般性的動作。Ilikeswimming,butIdon'tliketoswiminthisriver.我喜愛游泳，但是我不喜愛在這條河里游泳。(2)begin，start，continue等少數(shù)幾個動詞后接動名詞或不定式作賓語時意義基本相同。但假如begin，start等用于進行時態(tài)，或其主語是物而非人時，須用不定式。Tombegantolearn/learninghowtouseacomputer.湯姆起先學習如何運用電腦。Shewasstartingtodoherhomework.她正起先做作業(yè)。4．既可以接動詞-ing形式又可以接動詞不定式作賓語，且含義不同的常見動詞eq\b\lc\{(\a\vs4\al\co1(rememberdoingsth.記得曾經(jīng)做過某事,remembertodosth.記住去做某事))eq\b\lc\{(\a\vs4\al\co1(forgetdoingsth.遺忘已經(jīng)做過某事,forgettodosth.遺忘去做某事))eq\b\lc\{(\a\vs4\al\co1(stopdoingsth.停止正做的事,stoptodosth.停下來做另外一件事（此處不定,式作狀語）))eq\b\lc\{(\a\vs4\al\co1(meandoingsth.意味著做某事,meantodosth.準備做某事))eq\b\lc\{(\a\vs4\al\co1(regretdoingsth.懊悔已經(jīng)做過某事,regrettodosth.缺憾去做某事))eq\b\lc\{(\a\vs4\al\co1(trydoingsth.試著做某事,trytodosth.努力做某事))eq\b\lc\{(\a\vs4\al\co1(goondoingsth.接著做同一件事,goontodosth.完成一件事，接著做另一件事))eq\b\lc\{(\a\vs4\al\co1(can'thelpdoingsth.禁不住做某事,can'thelp（to）dosth.不能幫著做某事))Don'tyouremembertellingmethestoryyesterday?莫非你不記得昨天給我講過這個故事了嗎？Pleaseremembertogivemybestregardstoyourfamily.請記著代我向你的家人問好。Attheamusingperformance,theaudiencecouldn'thelplaughing.看到這滑稽的表演，觀眾們不禁笑了起來。I'mbusystudying,soIcan'thelp(to)dothehousework.我忙著學習，所以不能幫忙做家務。[名師點津]need，want，require作“須要”講，且句子的主語和謂語動詞后的非謂語動詞之間是被動關(guān)系時，這些動詞后面可接v.-ing形式的主動式，也可接不定式的被動式。Thewindowsneedcleaning.＝Thewindowsneedtobecleaned.窗戶須要擦了。[即時訓練2]完成句子①Ipromisetodo(答應做)everythingIcandotohelpyou.②Iwenttothestationaheadoftimethismorningtoavoidmissing(避開錯過)thebus.③Thisplantneedswatering/tobewatered(須要澆水)twiceaweek.Ⅰ.單句語法填空1．Carsarenotallowedtogo(go)throughthecitycentre.2．Ihavelongbeenlookingforwardtomeeting(meet)you.3．Youshouldlearntobe(be)independentofyourparents.4．Iregrettedmaking(make)thespeechatthemeeting.5．Ihaven'tdecidedwhentostart(start)；I'mthinkingitoverinmymind.6．Shelikesswimmingbutshedoesn'tliketoswim(swim)thisafternoon.7．Afterhehadfinishedhismaths，hewentontodo(do)hisphysics.8．Havingfinished(finish)allhishomework，Jimbegantolistentoclassicalmusic.9．Billsuggestedholding(hold)ameetingonwhattodonext.10．Nothavingcaught(not，catch)thelastbus，hewaslateandwasthelastonetogettothedestination.Ⅱ.單句改錯1．Yesterdayafternoon,helpedmefinishmyhomework,Momstartedtodohousework.helped前加having2．PleaserememberbringmethebookIwantnexttime.remember后加to3．Iappreciateyouh