unit3知識點精講精練2023學年英語八年級下冊（人教新目標版）

Unit3-Couldyoupleasecleanyourroom1、mess名詞messyadj.雜亂的beinamess亂七八糟2、takeout“取出；拿出”Take…outof…把…從..取出來3、throwsth.tosb.將某物扔向某人throwsth.atsb.用某物砸某人throwaway扔掉throwdown扔下4、neither…nor…既不…也不…例句：Neitherinorhegoestoscholl.Either…or…或者….或者…例句：EitherIorhegoestoschool.連接兩個主語，謂語動詞用“就近原則”（therebe）【拓展】both…and…例句：Bothapplesandbananasaremyfavoritefruit.5、=theminuteAssoonas（主將從現(xiàn)）例句：Hewilcome/camehomeassoonashegets/gotoffthebus.他一下車就回家了。6、passv.通過；遞；給n.通過；關(guān)口Passsb.sth.=passsth.tosb.遞給某人某物7、borrowsth.fromsb.向某人借某物Lendsth.tosb.借給某人某物8、dochores做家務(wù)9、whenwhileWhile+doingWhen+都可9、couldyouplease（not）……？“請你…好嗎？”Could在這里不是過去時態(tài)，表示委婉語氣，后加動詞原形。肯定回答：yes，sure./sure./certainly./that’sok/noproblem.否定回答：sorry，Ican’t./sorry,I’mafraidnot.because…10、workon從事于；忙于Workat致力于；從事于Workfor為….做事Workout算出，想出，制定出11、helpout幫助…擺脫（困境）12、asadj/adv原級as和..一樣…Notas/so+adj/adv原級as…不如….；比不上…13、“neither+助/情/系+主語”表示..也不。“so+助/情/系+主語”表示…也…。14、Inorderto:意為“為了；目的是”，后面接動詞原形，位置可放在句首，也可放在句中。其否定形式，表達“為了不......”為“inordernotto...”例句：Inordertolookafterhisparents,hereturnedtoworkinhishometown.為了照顧父母，他回到了家鄉(xiāng)工作。例句：Shestartedatfiveo’clockinordernottobelate.為了不遲到，她五點就出發(fā)了?！就卣埂縤norderthat:“為了......”，后接從句，表示目的，從句中常含有情態(tài)動詞。例句：Shesetoutearlyinorderthatshecouldarriveontime.她很早就出發(fā)了，以便能準時到達。14、It’sparents’jobtoprovideacleanandcomfortableenvironmentathomefortheirchildren.在家給孩子提供一個干凈、舒適的環(huán)境是父母的責任。provide:v.意為“提供，供給”。常見結(jié)構(gòu)：providesth.forsb.或providesb.withsth.意為“給某人提供某物”或“供給某人某物”。例句：Hehastoprovidefoodandclothesforhisfamily.他得養(yǎng)家糊口。例句：We’llprovidefoodanddrinkforthem.我們將向他們提供吃的和喝的。Childrenthesedaysdependontheirparentstoomuch.如今孩子太依賴父母。dependon:意為“依賴，依靠”。例句：Childrendependontheirparentsforfoodandclothing.孩子靠父母供給衣食?！就卣埂縟epend常見于習語：italldepends.或thatdepends.意為“視情況而定”。例句：----Canyoucometoworktomorrow?明天你能來上班嗎？----Thatdepends.視情況而定。depend的名詞形式為dependence意為“依賴性”。其名詞的反義詞為independence意為“獨立性”。例句：Weshouldtrytodevelopchildren’sindependence.我們應(yīng)該嘗試發(fā)展孩子的獨立性。Sincetheyliveinonehousewiththeirparents,theyshouldknowthateveryoneshoulddotheirpartinkeepingitcleanandtidy.自他們與父母住在一個房子里以來，他們就應(yīng)該知道每個人應(yīng)當做他們的一部分來保持房子干凈和整潔。since:此處為連詞，意為“自......以后，自......以來”，引導時間狀語從句。例句：Itistwoyearssincewevisitedyourmother.自從我們看望你母親以來已經(jīng)兩年了。Δ拓展：Since作連詞，還可表示“由于；因為；既然”，引導原因狀語從句。例句：Sincewedon’thavemoney,wecan’tbuyahouse.由于我們沒有錢，我們買不起房子。keep:v.保持。過去式為kept.keep+形容詞：表示保持某種狀態(tài)。例句：Weshoulddoexercisetokeephealthy.我們應(yīng)該鍛煉來保持健康。17、.Asaresult,heoftenfellillandhisgradesdropped.結(jié)果，他經(jīng)常生病然后成績下降。drop:v.“下降，降落”；n.液滴例句：Thetemperaturewilldroplater.稍后溫度將會下降。例句：Manydropsmakeashower.積少成多。18、單元重點短語歸納dothedishes洗餐具 takeouttherubbish倒垃圾goout出去 stayout呆在外面helpout幫助做完某事 atleast至少throwdown扔下 allthetime頻繁，反復insurprise驚訝地 inorderto為了dependon依賴 keepitcleanandtidy保持它干凈整潔takecareof照顧 asaresult結(jié)果一、單項選擇1．Pleaseprotectthe________aroundus.A．environment B．noise C．pollution D．rubbish2．________ofthemhavefinishedtheworkbecauseofthebadweather.A．Neither B．Each C．None D．Either3．—MustIreturnthebookthisweek?—No,you________.Youcan________itfor20days.A．mustn’t;keep B．needn’t;borrow C．needn’t;keep D．mustn’t;borrow4．—Couldyoupleasewearyourmask（口罩）?Youareaskedtowearithere.—_______.A．Yes,youcan B．That’sright C．Noproblem D．Youareright5．—Shallwegofishingtomorrow?—Well,itall________theweather.A．belongsto B．happenstoC．dependson D．concentrateson6．HowlongmayI________thisbook?A．borrow B．lend C．keep D．buy7．Youshouldrespect(尊重)others.________youshouldrespectyourparentsandteachers.A．Forthefirsttime B．Allthetime C．Aboveall D．Atatime8．Everydaymymotherhas________todo.A．somanyhousework B．suchmanychores C．somuchchores D．somuchhousework9．Enoughsleepisgoodforhealth.Ifyou________foryourfavoriteTVprograms,youwillfeelsleepy.A．stayup B．setup C．pickup D．wakeup10．Ithinkit’sbetterforsupermarketstoprovidechildren________playrooms.A．with B．to C．on D．in二、完形填空Althoughmydaughterisonlytwoyearsold,Iletherdoafew“chores”.The“chores”aren’tcleaningthehouse,foldingtheclothesor____11____thefloor.Whenshecouldjustwalkandstartedtoplaywithtoys(玩具),shesometimes____12____themawaybecauseofbeingbored.Seeingthat,Istartedtoteachhertoputthemaway.Nowshe____13____itisoneofherchores,andshecanevendoitwithoutbeingasked.AnotherthingIaskedhertodowastotakeherdishestothe____14____.Noweverytimeshefinisheshermeal,shegetsupandrunstothekitchen____15____herbowlorplate!It’slovely!Actually,Idon’tmakea“chorelist(列表)”forher.However,littlebylittleI____16____chorestohereverydaylife.Doingchoresteachesachildtoberesponsible(有責任的)for____17____heorshedoes.Italsohelpsto____18____achild’sindependence.Inmyopinion,theearlierakidlearnstobeindependent,the____19____itisforhisorherfuture.Ithinkit’snecessarytoteachchildrenhowtodosomesmallchores,_____20_____bigchoresshouldwaituntilthey’reolder.Doyouthinkso?11．A．sweeping B．changing C．using D．moving12．A．put B．threw C．gave D．kept13．A．controls B．hates C．refuses D．understands14．A．bedroom B．kitchen C．library D．cinema15．A．with B．without C．for D．a(chǎn)bout16．A．invite B．do C．a(chǎn)dd D．get17．A．how B．what C．when D．where18．A．notice B．cheer C．hurt D．develop19．A．worse B．easier C．better D．harder20．A．if B．so C．or D．but三、閱讀單選Myparentsdo10hours’houseworkaweek.Mymotherdoesmostofthehousework,likecookingandfoldingtheclothes.Myfathercanonlydothewashing,sweepthefloorandtakeoutthetrash.Hereallyneedstolearnhowtodohousework.Linda,14Mymotherandmyfathereachdo50%ofthehousework.Mymotherdoesthewashingandcleansthelivingroom.Myfathermakesthebedanddrivesmetoschool.Celina,13Myfatherdoesn’tdoalotbuthetriestohelp.Hehangsuptheclothesaftermymotherdoesthewashingandmymotherishappythathealwaysgivesherahand.Paul,16Mymotherisadoctor.Sheisbusywithherworkeveryday,soshehaslittletimetodohousework.Infactsheisn’tgoodatdoinghousework.Somyfatherhastodomostofit.Sometimesmygrandmothercomestohelp.Bill,1521．Linda’sfatherdoesn’t________athome.A．dothewashing B．takeoutthetrash C．sweepthefloor D．foldtheclothes22．HowdoesCelinagotoschool?A．Bybike. B．Bybus. C．Bycar. D．Bysubway.23．Theunderlinedphrase“hangsup”means________inChinese.A．閑逛 B．晾曬 C．熨燙 D．清洗24．Whosefatherdoesmostofthehousework?A．Linda’s. B．Celina’s. C．Paul’s. D．Bill’s.25．WhichofthefollowingisTRUEaccordingtothepassage?A．LindaisoneyearolderthanCelinabutoneyearyoungerthanBill.B．Celina’sfatherneedstolearnhowtodohousework.C．Paul’smotherisangrywithhisfatherbecauseheneverhelpsherwithhousework.D．Bill’sgrandmotherhelpsBillwithhisschoolwork.Severalyearsago,Ispentmostofmytimeatamentalhospital(精神病院)inourtown.Ifoundmuchjoythere.Atfirstitwasalittlescarytobethere,butIstayedon,becauseIhadareasonfordoingthis.Ivolunteeredinalocked-up(封閉的)environment.Tomysurprise,Ifoundthatafriendofmyparents’wasapatientinthishospital.Iknew,whenIwasababy,thiswomanwantedtokeepmebecauseshehadnochildren.Ilookedafterthiswomanandshowedmyoldphotostoher.Finally,shewasabletoremembersomeoldthings,andshesaidtomeoneday,“Dear,youshouldnotcomehere.”ButIwantedtobringsomethinghappyintothiswoman’slife.Ilearnedthatbecauseshehadnofamily,shecouldn’tleavehereandgohome.SoIbroughthertomyhometwiceandIstillrememberedthehappysmileonherface.Ihaveneverforgottenthisvolunteeringexperience.Thiswomanlaterpassedaway.Ican’tseeheranymore,butI’mhappythatIhavedonesomethingtomakeadifferenceinanotherperson’slife.26．Howdidthewriterfeelatfirstwhenworkinginthementalhospital?A．Bored. B．Afraid. C．Interested. D．Comfortable.27．Whycouldn’tthewomanleavethehospital?A．Becauseshecouldn’trememberanything. B．Becauseshecouldn’tlookafterherself.C．Becauseshedidn’thaveanyfamily. D．Becauseshedidn’twanttoleave.28．WhichofthefollowingisNOTtrueaccordingtothepassage?A．Thewomanwasthewriter’sparents’friend.B．Withthehelpofthewriter,thewomancouldremembersomethingold.C．Thewomansawthewriter’soldphotos.D．Thewriterwenttothewoman’shometwice.29．Theunderlinedphrase“passedaway”means“__________”inChinese.A．去世 B．逃離 C．居住 D．幸存30．Whatisthebesttitleforthispassage?A．Anunluckywoman B．AspecialhospitalC．Myparents’friend D．MyvolunteeringexperienceMr.Jenkinslikedallkindsofdeliciousfood.Asanimportantofficer,hewasoftenaskedtodinner.Theshopkeeperstriedtheirbesttofawnon(巴結(jié))him.Theyknewitwasgoodfortheirbusiness.Theofficergotfatterandfatter.Hecouldhardlygoupstairsathomeandhadtosleepdownstairs.Heoftenfelttiredifhewalkedordidsomehousework.Hewasworriedaboutitandhadtogotoseeadoctor.“Stopeatingmuchfat(脂肪)andsugar,Mr.Jenkins,”saidthedoctor,“oritwillbeworseforyourhealth!”Itwasdifficultfortheofficertodoit.Hewouldn’tdoasthedoctorsaid.Ofcourse,hefoundsomethingwaswrongwithhisheartafewmonthslater.Nowhethoughtthedoctorwasright.Andhehadtobeinhospital.“Youmustloseweight,Sir,”saidthedoctor,“unlessyouwanttodiesoon!”“Couldyoutellmeawaytoloseweight,please?”“Youmustdoexercisefirst.”“Whichexercise?”“Tomoveyourheadfromsidetosidewhenyou’reinvitedtodinner!”31．Mr.Jenkinswasoftenaskedtodinnerbecause___________.A．helikedfatandsugar B．hewasreadytohelpothersC．hewasfriendlytotheshopkeepers D．hewasanimportantofficer32．ItwasdifficultforMr.Jenkinstodosomethingso__________.A．hedidn’tgotodinner B．hebegantodosomeexerciseC．hewenttothedoctorforhelp D．hehadtotakesomemedicine33．__________,sohegotfatterandfatter.A．Mr.Jenkinsoftenatemuchfatandsugar B．Mr.JenkinsneverdidanysportsC．Mr.Jenkinspreferredtosleepdownstairs D．Mr.Jenkinshatedtodosomehousework34．What’sthemeaningof

“Tomoveyourheadfromsidetosidewhenyou’reinvitedtodinner!”?A．Torefuseothers’invitations.B．Toshaketheheadmoreoften.C．Todoexerciselikemovinghisheadfromsidetoside.D．Toacceptothers’invitations.35．WhichofthefollowingisTRUEaccordingtothepassage?A．ThedoctortoldMr.Jenkinsnottodotoomuchexercise.B．ThedoctortoldMr.Jenkinsnottomovehishead.C．ThedoctortoldMr.Jenkinsnottoeatmuchfatandsugar.D．ThedoctortoldMr.Jenkinstoputonweight.Manykidsdohouseworksuchasdoingthedishes,makingthebed,andfoldingtheclothes.Inexchange,theygetsomemoneyorothercomputertime.Payingkidsforhouseworkisoneofthemostpopulartopics,especiallyatatimewheneveryoneismorecarefulaboutmoney.Someparentsthinksinceadultsarepaidtodotheirjobs,weshouldpaykidsforeverydayhousework.Butsomepeopledon’tthinkkidsshouldgetrewards(報酬)fordoinghousework.SusieWalton,anexpert,believethatbyrewardingkids,parentsaresendingamessagethatworkisn’tworthdoingunlessyougetsomethinginreturn.“Runninganykindofhouseworkisateameffort,”Waltonsaid.“Ahomeisalivingspaceforeveryoneinthefamily.It’simportantforkidstoseethatweallhaveresponsibilitiesinthehouse,andfamiliesdecidehowtheywanttheirhometolook,andhowtheyaregoingtokeepitlookinglikewhattheywant.”O(jiān)therpeoplebelievethatgettingarewardencourageskidstodohousework,anditalsoteachesthemrealworldlessonsabouthowweneedtoworktogetmoney.Therearealsoapps(程序)thatgiveskidspointsanddigitalgiftsthatcanberedeemed(兌現(xiàn))eitheronlineorintherealworld.“Ourgoalistogivekidslawfulpowersotheycangetrewards,”saysChrisBergman.“Andkidsneedrewardstohelpencouragethem.”36．WhichofthefollowinghouseworkisNOTmentionedinParagraph1?A．Washingthedishes. B．Cookingmeals.C．Foldingtheclothes. D．Makingthebed.37．Theunderlinedphrase“inreturn”inParagraph3hasthesamemeaningas“________”.A．a(chǎn)sareward B．forpunishment C．onsale D．undercontrol38．What’sWalton’sideainthepassage?A．Runningexerciseisakindofteamwork.B．Peopleworktogetsomerewards.C．Kidshaveresponsibilitiesinthehouse.D．Doingthehouseworkinonlytheparents’job.39．AccordingtoChrisBergman,kidsshouldbeencouragedto________.A．dohouseworkwithoutrewards B．domorehouseworkC．stayawayfromhousework D．dohouseworkbegettingrewards40．Whichisthebesttitleforthepassage?A．KidsShouldStudyasWellasDoingHouseworkB．LetChildrenDoSomeHouseworkC．ShouldKidsBeRewardedforDoingHouseworkD．DoingHouseworkIsGoodforChildren’sStudy四、語法填空閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入一個適當?shù)脑~或填入括號中所給單詞的正確形式。Sometimesparentsthink“Shouldwegivethechildrenchores?Isn’tittheparents’job____41____(provide)acleanandcomfortableenvironmentforchildren?”Nowchildrenhave____42____(little)freetimethanbefore.Mostofthemhavetogotoafter-schoolclasses.____43____doingchorescanreallyhelpchildrenalot.First,ithelpschildrenbe____44____(independence)andlearntotakecareofthemselves.Second,children____45____(help)outaroundthehousebecomebetterteamplayers.____46____(three),childrenwillbecomemoreconfident(自信的)whentheyfindtheyareusefulin____47____family.Fourth,mostchildrendoliketohelptheirparents—theywanttospendtimewith____48____(them)parentsanddothesamework____49____theirparents.Finally,itisfairforchildrentodosome____50____(chore).Theyliveinonehousewiththeirparents,sotheyshoulddotheirpartinkeepingitcleanandtidy.五、多句選詞填空Inorderto,drop,pass,while,stress,mess,assoonas,fold,ill,happen51．Thebabyhadno_______thiswinterbecauseheatealotofvegetablesandfruit.52．ThepoliceinChinaofferedhelp_______theylearnedoftheaccident.Theyarereallywarm-hearted.53．—What_______toJim?—He_______hisnewpenonthewaytoschoolthismorning.54．Tomakeapaperplane,youneedto_______thepaperinhalffirst.55．_______iswhatyoufeelwhenyouareworriedaboutsomething.56．It’simpolitetomaketoomuchnoise_______eatingdrinking.57．—_______catchthetrain,wehavetogetupearlytomorrowmorning.—OK.Let'sgotobednow.58．IfNancy_______theexam,shewillgotoAustraliaforEnglishstudy.59．Whata_______!Youshouldcleanupyourbedroomatonce.六、材料作文60．學生需要做家務(wù)嗎？某校針對這個問題對200個學生做了一項調(diào)查。請根據(jù)下面的調(diào)查結(jié)果寫一篇報道，開頭已給出。有必要（30%）沒有必要（70%）1.多數(shù)學生不會千家務(wù)活。1.學生的任務(wù)是學習而不是勞動。2.做家務(wù)可以鍛煉吃苦耐勞的精神。2.學習任務(wù)繁重，沒有做家務(wù)的時間。3.做家務(wù)可以體驗父母的艱辛。3.做家務(wù)活是父母的事情。你的看法：……Isitnecessaryforstudentstodohouseworkathome?Wedidasurveyaboutthis.________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________答案1．A【解析】句意：請保護我們周圍的環(huán)境。考查名詞辨析。environment環(huán)境；noise噪音；pollution污染；rubbish垃圾。根據(jù)“protectthe…”可知應(yīng)該是保護環(huán)境，故選A。2．C【解析】句意：由于惡劣的天氣，他們沒有人完成這項工作?？疾椴欢ù~辨析。Neither兩者都不；Each每一個；None沒有人；Either（兩者之中）任意一個。根據(jù)“becauseofthebadweather”可知，因為壞天氣沒有人完成工作，None符合語境。故選C。3．C【解析】句意：——我必須這周還書嗎？——不，你不必。你可以借20天?？疾橐话阋蓡柧涞幕卮鸷脱永m(xù)性動詞。must引導的一般疑問句，否定回答用“No，主語+needn’t”或“No，主語+don'thaveto”，排除A、D；borrow借，短暫性動詞；keep保留，延續(xù)性動詞。由“for20days”可知，第二空用延續(xù)性動詞。故選C。4．C【解析】句意：——你能戴上口罩嗎？這里要求你戴上它。——沒問題。考查情景交際。Yes,youcan是的，你可以；That’sright沒錯；Noproblem沒問題；Youareright你是對的。根據(jù)“Couldyoupleasewearyourmask（口罩）?Youareaskedtowearithere.”可知，是同意對方的請求建議，回答“沒問題”符合語境。故選C。5．C【解析】句意：——我們明天去釣魚好嗎?——好，那都要取決于天氣?？疾閯釉~短語。belongto屬于；happento碰巧；dependon取決于；concentrateon全神貫注于。根據(jù)“Shallwegofishingtomorrow?Well,itall...theweather.”可知，明天是否能去釣魚，完全取決于天氣，答語時態(tài)為一般現(xiàn)在時，主語為it，第三人稱單數(shù)，謂語動詞用第三人稱單數(shù)形式，depend“依賴”，動詞。故選C。6．C【解析】句意：這本書我可以保存多久？考查動詞辨析。borrow借；lend借出；keep保留，保存；buy購買。根據(jù)“Howlong”可知詢問的是書可以保留的時間長短，謂語動詞應(yīng)用延續(xù)性動詞keep來表示“保留，保存”。故選C。7．C【解析】句意：你應(yīng)該尊重別人。尤其是，你應(yīng)該尊重你的父母和老師?？疾楦痹~短語。forthefirsttime第一次；allthetime一直；aboveall最重要的是，尤其是；atatime每次。根據(jù)“Youshouldrespectothers....youshouldrespectyourparentsandteachers.”可知，此處是強調(diào)尤其要尊重父母和老師，故選C。8．D【解析】句意：每天我的媽媽有如此多的家務(wù)活要做。考查形容詞和名詞辨析。many，修飾可數(shù)名詞；much，修飾不可數(shù)名詞；housework，不可數(shù)名詞；chore，可數(shù)名詞。應(yīng)用much修飾不可數(shù)名詞housework“家務(wù)活”，當名詞前面有many/much/few/little修飾時，用so而不用such，排除選項A；chores是復數(shù)名詞，前面應(yīng)該用somany修飾，排除選項B和C。故選D。9．A【解析】句意：充足的睡眠對健康有好處。如果你熬夜看喜歡的電視節(jié)目，你會困乏?？疾閯釉~短語。stayup熬夜，不睡覺；setup建立；pickup撿起；wakeup醒來。根據(jù)“Enoughsleepisgoodforhealth”可知，充足的睡覺對健康有好處，所以熬夜會讓人疲勞。故選A。10．A【解析】句意：我覺得超市為孩子們提供游樂室會更好。考查介詞辨析。with用；to到；on在……上；in在……里。根據(jù)“providechildren”可知此處應(yīng)用動詞短語providesb.withsth.表示“提供給某人某物”。故選A。11．A

12．B

13．D

14．B

15．A

16．C

17．B

18．D

19．C

20．D【解析】本文作者主要講述了如何教自己的女兒“做家務(wù)”，比如她會讓女兒把自己的玩具收拾好，并讓她知道這是她應(yīng)該做的事情。在作者看來，從小培養(yǎng)孩子做家務(wù)是件有意義的事。11．句意：“家務(wù)”不是打掃房子、疊衣服或掃地。sweeping掃；changing改變；using使用；moving移動。根據(jù)“thefloor”可知，此處是掃地，短語sweepthefloor“掃地”，故選A。12．句意：她有時因為無聊而把它們?nèi)拥?。put放；threw扔；gave給；kept保持。根據(jù)“becauseofbeingbored.”可知，此處是覺得無聊就扔掉它們。短語throwaway意為“扔掉”。故選B。13．句意：現(xiàn)在她明白了這是她的一件家務(wù)活，她甚至可以不被要求就做。controls控制；hates討厭；refuses拒絕；understands理解。根據(jù)“Seeingthat,Istartedtoteachhertoputthemaway.”可知，說通過讓女兒收拾玩具來讓她“明白”這是她的“家務(wù)”。understand意為“理解，明白”，符合語境。故選D。14．句意：我讓她做的另一件事是把她的盤子拿到廚房。bedroom臥室；kitchen廚房；library圖書館；cinema電影院。根據(jù)“takeherdishes”可知，此處是把她的盤子拿到廚房，故選B。15．句意：她站起來，拿著碗或盤子跑向廚房！with帶有，具有；without沒有；for為了；about關(guān)于。根據(jù)“herbowlorplate!”可知，此處是帶著碗或盤子跑向廚房，故選A。16．句意：然而，我一點一點地為她的日常生活增添了家務(wù)。invite邀請；do做；add增加；get得到。根據(jù)“chorestohereverydaylife”可知，此處是把家務(wù)添到她的日常生活，add…to…是固定短語，意為“把……加到……上”。故選C。17．句意：做家務(wù)教孩子對自己的行為負責。how怎樣；what什么；when何時；where在哪?？仗幩钤~作does的賓語，此處是what引導的賓語從句，故選B。18．句意：這也有助于培養(yǎng)孩子的獨立性。notice注意；cheer歡呼；hurt傷害；develop發(fā)展。根據(jù)“achild’sindependence”可知，此處是培養(yǎng)孩子的獨立性，故選D。19．句意：在我看來，孩子越早學會獨立，對他或她的未來就越好。worse更差；easier更容易的；better更好的；harder更艱難的。根據(jù)“theearlierakidlearnstobeindependent,”可知，孩子越早學會獨立，對他或她的未來就越好。故選C。20．句意：我認為有必要教孩子們?nèi)绾巫鲆恍┬〖覄?wù)，但大家務(wù)應(yīng)該等到他們長大后再做。if如果；so因此；or否則；but但是?？崭袂昂髢?nèi)容是轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，應(yīng)用轉(zhuǎn)折連詞but。故選D。21．D

22．C

23．B

24．D

25．A【導語】本文主要講了幾個孩子談?wù)摪职謰寢屪黾覄?wù)的事情。21．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Linda的介紹中“Myfathercanonlydothewashing,sweepthefloorandtakeoutthetrash.”可知，沒有提到她的父親疊衣服。故選D。22．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Celina的介紹中“Myfathermakesthebedanddrivesmetoschool.”可知，Celina乘坐父親的車去上學。故選C。23．詞義猜測題。解析畫線短語所在句的語境及“…aftermymotherdoesthewashing”可知，當Paul的母親洗完衣服后，他的父親總是晾衣服，hangsup意為“晾曬”。故選B。24．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Bill的介紹中“Somyfatherhastodomostofit.”可知，他的父親做大部分家務(wù)。故選D。25．推理判斷題。根據(jù)表格內(nèi)容可知，Linda是14歲，而Celina是13歲，Bill是15歲，因此Linda比Celina大一歲而比Bill小一歲，A選項表述正確。故選A。26．B

27．C

28．D

29．A

30．D【導語】本文介紹作者在精神病院做支援工作時，遇到媽媽朋友的故事。26．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Atfirstitwasalittlescarytobethere,butIstayedon,becauseIhadareasonfordoingthis.”可知作者最初去精神病院時，覺得有點害怕。故選B。27．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Ilearnedthatbecauseshehadnofamily,shecouldn’tleavehereandgohome.”可知女人不能離開醫(yī)院，因為她沒有家人。故選C。28．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“SoIbroughthertomyhometwiceandIstillrememberedthehappysmileonherface.”可知作者帶女人回作者家兩次，而不是去女人家。故選D。29．詞義推斷題。根據(jù)“Ican’tseeheranymore...”可知女人過世了，所以作者再也看不到她了。故選A。30．最佳標題題。根據(jù)“Ivolunteeredinalocked-upenvironment.”和全文可知本文介紹了作者的志愿經(jīng)歷。故選D。31．D

32．C

33．A

34．A

35．C【導語】本文主要介紹了一個愛好美食的官員，由于不節(jié)制的吃，最終導致了疾病，醫(yī)生建議他必須減肥，杜絕大吃大喝。31．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Asanimportantofficer,hewasoftenaskedtodinner.”可知，作為一個重要的官員，詹金斯先生經(jīng)常被請去吃飯。故選D。32．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Hecouldhardlygoupstairsathomeandhadtosleepdownstairs.Heoftenfelttiredifhewalkedordidsomehousework.Hewasworriedaboutitandhadtogotoseeadoctor.”可知，詹金斯先生做一些事情很困難，所以他去看醫(yī)生尋求幫助。故選C。33．推理判斷題。根據(jù)“Stopeatingmuchfat(脂肪)andsugar,Mr.Jenkins”可推知，詹金斯先生攝入太多脂肪和糖了，所以他變得越來越胖。故選A。34．詞句猜測題。根據(jù)“Tomoveyourheadfromsidetosidewhenyou’reinvitedtodinner!”可知，醫(yī)生建議詹金斯先生，在被邀請去吃飯時，他頭要左右擺動，也就是要拒絕他人的邀請。故選A。35．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“‘Stopeatingmuchfat(脂肪)andsugar,Mr.Jenkins,’saidthedoctor”可知，醫(yī)生建議詹金斯先生不要攝入太多的脂肪和糖。故選C。36．B

37．A

38．C

39．D

40．C【解析】文章大意：現(xiàn)在很多孩子所家務(wù)，比如洗盤子，鋪床，疊衣服等等，很多父母會給出孩子錢或玩電腦的時間作為報酬，有些人支持這種做法，認為是對孩子做家務(wù)的一種鼓勵；但是有些人是反對的，他們認為家務(wù)是家庭每個成員應(yīng)該承擔的義務(wù)。36．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Manykidsdohouseworksuchasdoingthedishes,makingthebed,andfoldingtheclothes.”可知，這里提到了洗盤子，鋪床，疊衣服，而沒有提到選項中的做飯，故選B。37．詞義猜測題。根據(jù)Butsomepeopledon’tthinkkidsshouldgetrewards(報酬)fordoinghousework”，父母通常用給錢的方式作為做家務(wù)的一種回報，故inreturn在這里意思是“回報，報酬”，與asareward同義，故選A。38．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Ahomeisalivingspaceforeveryoneinthefamily.It’simportantforkidstoseethatweallhaveresponsibilitiesinthehouse”可知在他看來，家里的每一位成員都有完成家務(wù)的責任，故選C。39．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一句的描述“‘Ourgoalistogivekidslawfulpowersotheycangetrewards,’saysChrisBergman.‘Andkidsneedrewardstohelpencouragethem.’”可知ChrisBergman認為孩子們可以得到報酬，他們需要報酬作為鼓勵。故選D。40．最佳標題。閱讀短文可知，本文主要針對孩子做家務(wù)是否應(yīng)得到報酬，而列出了兩種不同的觀點，C選項“孩子做家務(wù)應(yīng)該得到獎勵嗎”符合本文標題，故選C。41．toprovide

42．less

43．But

44．independent

45．helping

46．Third

47．the

48．their

49．a(chǎn)s

50．chores【解析】現(xiàn)在的孩子們空閑時間比以前少了，因為他們中有很多人不得不去課外補習班學習。但是做家務(wù)真的能幫到孩子們很多。文中提到了五點做家務(wù)的好處。41．句意：為孩子們提供一個干凈舒適的環(huán)境難道不是父母的職責嗎？此空作名詞job的后置定語，要用動詞不定式，故填toprovide。42．句意：現(xiàn)在孩子們比以前有更少的時間。根據(jù)“than”可知，此空應(yīng)填little的比較級less“更少的”，故填less。43．句意：但是做家務(wù)真的可以幫助孩子們很多?？崭袂昂笪谋磙D(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，故填But。44．句意：首先，它幫助孩子獨立，學會照顧自己。be后接形容詞作表語，故填independent。45．句意：其次，幫助做家務(wù)的孩子會成為更好的團隊合作者?！癱hildren…outaroundthehouse”在句中作主語，故此空應(yīng)填動名詞，故填helping。46．句意：第三，當孩子們發(fā)現(xiàn)他們在家庭中有用時，他們會變得更加自信。根據(jù)“First”“Second”可知，此空表示“第三”，此空在句首，首字母要大寫，故填Thir