2025年高二英語寒假銜接（外研版）專題7. 語法填空（教師版）

語法填空解題技巧語法填空旨在考查考生在閱讀理解的基礎(chǔ)上對(duì)語法知識(shí)的掌握情況，著重考查考生的語言綜合運(yùn)用能力。其“突出語篇，強(qiáng)調(diào)運(yùn)用”的命題思路不僅充分體現(xiàn)了語言測試的交際性原則。語法填空題充分體現(xiàn)了“實(shí)詞考查為主，虛詞考查為輔”的命題原則。命題形式分為有提示詞和無提示詞兩種。(一)有提示詞類有提示詞類題目的考點(diǎn)有：1．四個(gè)必考點(diǎn)：(1)謂語動(dòng)詞必考一小題，有時(shí)會(huì)有兩小題，涉及動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)、語態(tài)和主謂一致。?？疾橐话悻F(xiàn)在時(shí)和一般過去時(shí)。(2)非謂語動(dòng)詞考1～2小題，動(dòng)詞不定式、動(dòng)名詞、現(xiàn)在分詞和過去分詞原則上各考點(diǎn)最多只考一題。(3)詞類轉(zhuǎn)換考1～3小題，其中，形容詞變副詞經(jīng)常會(huì)考查。(4)名詞的復(fù)數(shù)形式。2．兩個(gè)常考點(diǎn)：比較級(jí)和代詞it。(二)無提示詞類無提示詞類題目的考點(diǎn)有：1．一個(gè)必考點(diǎn)：連詞。2．兩個(gè)常考點(diǎn)：冠詞、介詞。3．三個(gè)可考點(diǎn)：(1)助動(dòng)詞：構(gòu)成疑問句或強(qiáng)調(diào)謂語動(dòng)詞的do,does,did。(2)作形式主語和形式賓語的it。(3)連接性副詞：before,ago,however,besides,instead,then,earlier等。解題技法語法填空題是集知識(shí)與能力為一體的綜合性題型。在解題時(shí)要遵循一定的解題步驟，切忌邊讀邊填、脫離語篇、片面作答。有提示詞類題目的解題技巧1.給出動(dòng)詞原形當(dāng)設(shè)空處后面給出動(dòng)詞原形時(shí)，設(shè)空處一般會(huì)考查動(dòng)詞的常見時(shí)態(tài)、常見時(shí)態(tài)的被動(dòng)語態(tài)或非謂語動(dòng)詞。(1)考查動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)或語態(tài)第一步：分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)，確定句中是否缺少謂語。如果缺少謂語動(dòng)詞，則是考查動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)或語態(tài)。Pahlssonandherhusband__62__(search)thekitchen,checkingeverycorner,butturnedupnothing.分析：考查動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)。句中缺少謂語，search這一動(dòng)作發(fā)生在過去，因此用一般過去時(shí)態(tài)。故填searched。第二步：看主語與謂語之間是主動(dòng)關(guān)系還是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，以確定用主動(dòng)語態(tài)還是被動(dòng)語態(tài)，同時(shí)還要根據(jù)語境考慮用哪種時(shí)態(tài)，同時(shí)要注意主謂一致。Whenfatandsalt__64__(remove)fromfood,thefoodtastesasifitismissingsomething.分析：考查時(shí)態(tài)、語態(tài)和主謂一致。填空處在句中作謂語，根據(jù)本句講述的現(xiàn)狀，用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。主語是“fatandsalt”，和removed之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，故填areremoved。(2)考查非謂語動(dòng)詞第一步：若句中已有謂語動(dòng)詞，又不是并列謂語動(dòng)詞時(shí)，應(yīng)考慮該空考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。第二步：根據(jù)非謂語動(dòng)詞在句中所作成分、句式的特殊要求，確定用非謂語動(dòng)詞的哪種形式。第三步：確定非謂語動(dòng)詞與其邏輯主語之間是主動(dòng)關(guān)系還是被動(dòng)關(guān)系。Soonafter,Iwasonmywaytotheshow,__60__(carry)afancyblackhandbagandahappysmile.分析：考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，句子主干為“Iwasonmywaytotheshow”，設(shè)空處不作并列謂語，而是作伴隨狀語，應(yīng)考慮用非謂語動(dòng)詞。因I和carry之間為主動(dòng)關(guān)系，所以使用現(xiàn)在分詞作狀語。故填carrying。2．給出形容詞或副詞如果括號(hào)內(nèi)提供的是形容詞，一般是考查副詞，或考查比較等級(jí)。如果括號(hào)內(nèi)提供的是副詞，一般是考查比較等級(jí)。Ilooked__59__(quick)attheclock.分析：考查形容詞與副詞之間的轉(zhuǎn)換?？崭裉幮揎梽?dòng)詞looked，所以應(yīng)用副詞形式。故填quickly。Sixteenyears__60__(early),Pahlssonhadremovedthediamondringtocookameal.分析：考查副詞的比較級(jí)。此處表示“16年前”，故填earlier，表示“……之前，先前”。3．給出名詞當(dāng)括號(hào)內(nèi)提供的是名詞時(shí)，考慮是否需要變成復(fù)數(shù)形式或變成形容詞等。LastOctober,whiletendinghergardeninMora,Sweden,LenaPahlssonpulledoutahandfulofsmall__56__(carrot)andwasabouttothrowthemaway.分析：考查名詞復(fù)數(shù)。根據(jù)空格前的“ahandfulof”可知，此處表示一把小胡蘿卜，所以應(yīng)用carrot的復(fù)數(shù)形式。故填carrots。4．給出代詞根據(jù)代詞充當(dāng)?shù)某煞诌M(jìn)行判斷。如果位于賓語或表語位置，一般應(yīng)該用賓格代詞、反身代詞或者名詞性物主代詞；如果作定語，常用形容詞性物主代詞?？傊_分析句子成分是解決此類題目的關(guān)鍵?！癝hethoughtIhadhurt__59__(I)，”saysPahlsson.分析：考查反身代詞。根據(jù)語境可知，hurt這一動(dòng)作的發(fā)出者和承受者為同一人，故應(yīng)用I的反身代詞形式，意為“她認(rèn)為我傷了我自己”，故填myself。5．詞性轉(zhuǎn)換詞性轉(zhuǎn)換多以派生詞變化為主，如：形容詞與名詞間的相互轉(zhuǎn)化，形容詞與動(dòng)詞間的相互轉(zhuǎn)化，動(dòng)詞與名詞間的相互轉(zhuǎn)化等。第一步：分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)，確定要填的詞充當(dāng)哪種句子成分。比如，修飾動(dòng)詞、形容詞、副詞或整個(gè)句子作狀語，用副詞；作主語或賓語，用名詞；在冠詞、形容詞性物主代詞或名詞所有格后，用名詞。第二步：根據(jù)構(gòu)詞法將括號(hào)中的詞變成所需要的詞類。Magically,thatshowremainstheGreatJason'sbest__65__(perform)tothisday.分析：考查詞性轉(zhuǎn)換。根據(jù)空格前的“theGreatJason'sbest”可知，此處應(yīng)用名詞形式，表示“這次演出是他迄今為止最好的表演”。故填performance。隨堂練習(xí)1一、動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)、語態(tài)1．Sarah(tell)thatshecouldbeBritain'snewsupermodel,earningamilliondollarsinthenextyear.2．Confuciusbelievedkniveswouldremindpeopleofkillingsand(be)tooviolentforuseatthetable.3．—Hi,let'sgoskating.—Sorry,I'mbusyrightnow.(fill)inanapplicationformforanewjob.4．I(read)halfoftheEnglishnovel,andI'lltrytofinishitattheweekend.5．—DidyouhavedifficultyfindingLiPing'shouse?—Notreally.She(give)uscleardirectionsandwewereabletofinditeasily.6．Hepromisedthathe(come),buthehasn'tarriveduntilnow.7．—Dr.Jacksonisnotinhisofficeatthemoment.—Allright.I(call)himlater.8．Thewater(feel)coolwhenIjumpedintothepoolformorningexercise.9．He(look)forahousewhenhesawanadvertisementinanewspaperoneday.10．Aftereverything(do)andjustafterheleftthebarber's,hesawamaninthestreetwithlongdirtyhair.11．MayIhaveyourattention,please?NowI'dliketomakeaspeechhere.Asweknow,waste(become)acommonsceneoncampusrecently.12．BynextThursday,they(complete)theconstructionofthenewschool.13．Hurryup!Weneedtogettothetopofthemountainbeforethesun(sink)inthewest.14．Ittookalongtimebuteventuallythedog(stop)barkingandthemanwasabletotouchit.15．Itisthethirdtimesofarthatsuchameeting(hold)inmyhometown.【答案】1.hasbeentold/wastold2.were3.Iamfilling4.haveread5.hadgiven6.wouldcome7.willcall8.felt9.waslooking10.wasdone11.hasbecome12.willhavecompleted13.sinks14.stopped15.hasbeenheld二、非謂語動(dòng)詞1．Fastfoodisfulloffatandsalt;by(eat)morefastfoodpeoplewillgetmoresaltandfatthantheyneedintheirdiet.2．Ifyoufindsomethingyoulovedoingoutsideoftheoffice,you'llbelesslikely(bring)yourworkhome.3．Inadditiontotheirsimplebeauty,whatmakestheadobedwellingsadmirableistheirabilityto“aircondition”ahousewithout(use)electricequipment.4．For25days,sheneverleftherbaby,noteventofindsomething(eat)!5．Iheardapassengerbehindmeshoutingtothedriver,butherefused(stop)untilwereachedthenextstop.6．Thislandwasdifficult(farm)butnowwaterhasbeenpumpedintothefields.7．(build)thebridge,theworkersmovedtoanothercity.8．MorehighwayshavebeenbuiltinChina,(make)itmucheasierforpeopletotravelfromoneplacetoanother.9．(face)withthedifficultsituation,hetookcourageandovercameitatlast.10．Wewereastonished(find)thetemplestillinitsoriginalcondition.11．LangPingisthefirstpersoninvolleyballhistory(win)goldasbothaplayerandaheadcoachintheOlympicGames.12．Allthefactorsconsidered,wedecided(offer)thejobtoLiWei,amanofrichexperience.13．Hegotwell-preparedforthejobinterview,forhecouldn'trisk(lose)thegoodopportunity.14．(inspire)bythespiritofthespider,thegeneralgatheredhissoldiersandtrainedthemcarefully.15．Keeptheinjuredwithhishead(hold)straightwhilesomeonecallsforemergency.16．EverymorningIgetupat6：00becauseIhavetwodogs(wait)atthedoorformetotakethemoutfortheroutinewalk.17．Though(surprise)toseeus,theprofessorgaveusawarmwelcome.18．Groupactivitieswillbeorganizedafterclass(help)childrendevelopteamspirit.19．After(paint),thehousewillbeusedforanursery.20．Scientistshavediscoveredthat(stay)inthecoldcouldhelpusloseweight.21．Ifyouhandinyourhomeworklate,attachanote(explain)thereasonforthedelay.22．ObserverssayAmericanswantmorechoicesandfreshfoodwhen(choose)whereandwhattoeat.23．Theairport(complete)nextyearwillhelppromotetourisminthisarea.24．Attheparty,theprettygirlworeaveryattractiveskirttomakeherself(notice)．25．Whenachildgrowsup,hecannolongerexpectothers(pay)forhisfood,clothesandmanyotherthings.【答案】1.eating2.tobring3.using4.toeat5.tostop6.tofarm7.Havingbuilt8.making9.Faced10.tofind11.towin12.tooffer13.losing14.Inspired15.held16.waiting17.surprised18.tohelp19.beingpainted20.staying21.explaining22.choosing23.tobecompleted24.noticed25.to_pay三．名詞單復(fù)數(shù)和主謂一致1．Shehasturneddownseveral(invitation)tostaratshowsinordertoconcentrateonherstudies.2．Anysmellmightattractnatural(enemy)thatwouldtrytoeatthelittlepanda.3．Intherushhour,thereweresomanycarsand(bus)ontheroad,soIwasstuck.4．Yesterdaythe(fireman)examinedthegroundbutwerenotabletofindanycluestothecauseofthefire.5．Everycountrysharesthingsincommon:wevaluefamily,cherishhealth,andcelebratelarge(festival)．6．Mary,aswellashersisters,(study)ChineseinChinanow.7．ThetotalnumberofthepopulationinChina(be)about1,400million.8．Twofifthsofthelandinthatdistrict(be)coveredwithtreesandgrass.9．I,who(be)yourbestfriend,willsurelystandonyourside.10．Manyaboyinmyschool(be)fondofplayingfootballafterschool.11．Thefinal-termexaminationsarecomingandeachboyandeachgirl(look)forwardtothecomingholiday.12．Exercise1shouldbedoneinclassasanexample,whiletherest(be)tobefinishedashomework.【答案】1.invitations2.enemies3.buses4.firemen5.festivals6.isstudying7.is8.is9.am10.is11.islooking12.are三．詞性轉(zhuǎn)換1．Thisdevelopmentwasonlypossiblewiththe(introduce)ofelectric-poweredenginesandlifts.2．TheCentralLondonRailwaywasoneofthemost(success)ofthesenewlines,andwasopenedin1900.3．Recentstudiesshowthatwearefarmoreproductiveatworkifwetakeshortbreaks(regular)．4．Theriverwassopollutedthatit(actual)caughtfireandburned.5．Everyoneonthebusbegantalkingaboutwhattheboyhaddone,andthecrowdofstrangers(sudden)becamefriendlytooneanother.6．Thereweremanypeoplewaitingatthebusstop,andsomeofthemlookedveryanxiousand(disappoint)．7．The(explain)weresimplebutveryunusual.8．Severaldayslater,outofmy(expect),IsawitquietlystandinacornerofthehousewhereIworked.Iwasextremelygladtoregainit.9．The(protect)andimprovementofthehumanenvironmentisamajorissuewhichaffectsallthepeopleandeconomicdevelopmentthroughouttheworld.10．InthepastfewyearsLucyhasformedthehabitofkeepingasupplyofcandlesincaseofapower(fail)．11．IlovechildrenverymuchbecauseIalwaysfeelthattheybringgreathappinessand(excite)tomylife.12．Annanwillberememberedforhisabilityandhis(warm)．13．Without(hesitate),Idecidedtofollowthemandwedidhavelotsoffunthatday.14．Itisaveryeffectivewaytolearnthelanguageandimproveyour(pronounce)．15．Itis(nature)thatyoungpeopleareoftenuncomfortablewhentheyarewiththestrangers.16．Today'sexperiencetaughtmesome(value)lessonsinmylife.17．(obvious),thestoryisnottrue,butthefestivalisinteresting.18．(thank),Imanagedtogetthroughthegameandthepainwasworthitintheend.19．MyapplicationwassuccessfulandIspenta(n)(enjoy)monthlearningfilm-making.20．Peoplecertainlyhaveavarietyofreasonsforgoingbacktoschoolbutoneimportantthingtoknowis,noknowledgeis(use)．【答案】1.introduction2.successful3.regularly4.actually5.suddenly6.disappointed7.explanations8.expectation9.protection10.failure11.excitement12.warmth13.hesitation14.pronunciation15.natural16.valuable17.Obviously18.Thankfully19.enjoyable20.useless四．形容詞、副詞的比較等級(jí)1．Even(bad),theamountoffastfoodthatpeopleeatgoesup.2．Finally,thathardworkpaidoffandnowthewaterintheriveris(clean)thanever.3．The(hard)youtrytobeathim,themorelikelyyouwillgethit.4．Exercisecanhelpyoulosemoreweightandlook(good)．5．Butthatdidn'tpreventtheboyfrombecomingoneofthe(great)composersofalltime.6．IthinkwatchingTVeveryeveningisawasteoftime—thereare(meaningful)thingstodo.7．Wefeltsafeforthenexthalf-hoursowedecidedtogoeven(far)．【答案】1.worse2.cleaner3.harder4.better5.greatest6.moremeaningful7.farther/further二．無提示詞類題目的解題技巧無提示詞類題目主要是填冠詞、介詞、代詞、連接詞(含從屬連詞和并列連詞)等虛詞。首先，分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)，根據(jù)句子所缺成分確定填哪類詞。然后，根據(jù)句子意思，確定具體填什么詞；根據(jù)兩句間的邏輯關(guān)系確定具體用哪個(gè)連詞。另外可根據(jù)句子中所填詞語的位置，判斷所填詞語的詞性。定冠詞以及不定冠詞的位置通常在名詞之前，起到對(duì)名詞進(jìn)行限制的作用。而代詞分成形容詞性以及名詞性代詞、指示或者不定代詞等。在運(yùn)用介詞的時(shí)候，往往考查固定搭配，其中包括動(dòng)詞、形容詞等與介詞的搭配。1．填介詞名詞或代詞在句中不作主語、表語或動(dòng)詞的賓語時(shí)，其前面一定是填介詞。介詞可位于名詞之前，如atnight,onSunday等；也可位于形容詞之后，如beinterestedin，begoodat等；還可位于不及物動(dòng)詞之后，如listento,arriveat,lookfor等。DrinkingmyicedcoffeeIranmyfingersalongthestreets__57__thehoteltotheoperahall.分析：此處from與后邊的to構(gòu)成固定搭配，意思是“從……到……”。故填from。2．填冠詞名詞前面若沒有限定詞(冠詞、形容詞性物主代詞等)，很可能是填冠詞。定冠詞以及不定冠詞的位置通常在名詞之前，起到對(duì)名詞進(jìn)行限制的作用。ForPahlsson,itsreturnwas__65__wonder.分析：考查冠詞。此處表示“一個(gè)奇跡”，所以需要用不定冠詞a表泛指。故填a。3．填代詞缺少主語或賓語，一定填代詞。所填代詞主要是人稱代詞及作形式主語或賓語的it。Raiseyourlegandlet__65__stayintheairforseconds.分析：由let可知，空處作賓語，結(jié)合句意可知，此處應(yīng)用代詞指代前面的yourleg，故填it。4．填連詞或關(guān)系詞(1)若兩個(gè)或兩個(gè)以上的單詞或短語之間沒有連詞，必定是填連接詞。主要的連詞有表示并列關(guān)系的and和表示選擇關(guān)系的or等。InmuchofAsia,especiallytheso-called“ricebowl”culturesofChina,Japan,Korea,__41__Vietnam,foodisusuallyeatenwithchopsticks.分析：分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，China,Japan,Korea與Vietnam是并列關(guān)系，故填and。(2)若兩個(gè)句子(有兩個(gè)主謂結(jié)構(gòu))之間沒有句號(hào)或分號(hào)，也沒有連詞，那空格處必定是填連接詞或關(guān)系詞，否則，句子結(jié)構(gòu)就不完整。①并列句：并列句一般由“簡單句＋并列連詞＋簡單句”構(gòu)成，有時(shí)并列連詞前有逗號(hào)，可以根據(jù)上下句的內(nèi)在聯(lián)系判斷連詞，如并列關(guān)系(and)、轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系(but)、選擇關(guān)系(or)、因果關(guān)系(so)等。Itwastimeforhertohaveanewbaby,__70__itwasalsotimefortheyoungpandatobeindependent.分析：句意：是它要再生一個(gè)新寶寶的時(shí)候了，也是小熊貓?jiān)摢?dú)立的時(shí)候了。根據(jù)句意可知兩個(gè)分句之間為并列關(guān)系，故用and。②狀語從句：當(dāng)確定為狀語從句后，就要通過語境理解，判斷上下文的邏輯關(guān)系是時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)、條件、原因、讓步、目的或其他，最后確定從屬連詞。Imademywaybackstagejust__62__thegreatmagicianwasputtingonhistophat.分析：考查連詞。根據(jù)邏輯關(guān)系可知，此處是狀語從句的連詞，根據(jù)意義可以是“當(dāng)……時(shí)候”。故填as/when。③名詞性從句：當(dāng)確定為名詞性從句后，可以分析從句是否缺主語、賓語或表語，如果缺以上成分，一般情況下要使用what，有時(shí)可能使用who/whom或which；如果不缺以上成分，則考慮句子意思是否完整，完整的句子可以使用that，意思不完整的則考慮if/whether,where,why,how,because等。Asnaturalarchitects,thePuebloIndiansfiguredoutexactly__50__thicktheadobewallsneededtobetomakethecycleworkonmostdays.分析：考查賓語從句的引導(dǎo)詞。“__50__thicktheadobewallsneededtobe”是賓語從句，作figuredout的賓語。修飾形容詞thick應(yīng)填連接副詞，故填how。④定語從句：當(dāng)確定為定語從句后，首先要看看先行詞指人、物、時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)，還是其他；然后判斷引導(dǎo)詞在從句中的成分，再根據(jù)定語從句的有關(guān)規(guī)則確定使用哪個(gè)引導(dǎo)詞。ButSarah,__44__hastakenpartinshowsalongwithtopmodels,wantstoprovethatshehasbrainsaswellasbeauty.分析：分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，空格處所在句子是非限制性定語從句。定語從句修飾先行詞Sarah，且從句中缺少主語，故填who。隨堂練習(xí)一、冠詞1．Asresult,peoplewilleatmorefoodtotrytomakeupforthatsomethingmissing.2．Thenurseryteamswitcheshimeveryfewdayswithhissistersothatwhileoneisbeingbottle-fed,otheriswithmum—sheneversuspects.3．Mr.Johnsonlivedinthewoodswithhiswifeandchildren.Heownedfarm,whichlookedalmostabandoned.4．Itisgreatpleasureformetogiveaspeechonthenatureofhumanbeings.5．—MakingalectureinpublicisthelastthingIwanttodo.—Justhavetry.Iamsureyoucanmakeit.6．TodaytheInternetisplayingimportantandessentialroleinourlife.7．Aftershortsilence,themantoldthedoctorthatheseizedallthemoneythathisfathergavetohisbrother,whowasabroad.8．Hetappedheronshoulder,“Hi!Ihavebeenlookingforyouforsuchalongtime！”9．Weencouragepeopletotakebusesandthemetroinsteadofdriving.Cyclingisalsogoodwaytoreducepollution.10．Firstimpressionsarethemostlasting.Afterall,youcannevergetsecondchancetomakefirstimpressions.【答案】1.a2.the3.a4.a5.a6.an7.a8.the9.a10.a二、代詞1．However,therailwayquicklyprovedtobeagreatsuccessandwithinsixmonths,morethan25,000peoplewereusingeveryday.2．I'dappreciateifyoucouldletmeknowinadvancewhetherornotyouwillcome.3．Insomecountries,peopleeatwithchopsticks,whilein,_knivesandforks.4．—Areyougoingtogetyourowncarafterthetest?—Myparentshavesaidthey'llgetforme.5．However,hisfamewasnotaccompaniedbymoneyandhefoundnecessarytoreturntofarming.6．Foronething,itcanprovideacolorfulplatformtoshowtheirtalent.For,_itisausefulwaytoreleasetheirpressure.7．Bothteamswereinhardtraining;waswillingtolosethegame.8．—Howmanystudentsarethereintheclassroomnow?—.Ihavelockedit.【答案】1.it2.it3.others4.one5.it6.another7.neither8.None三、介詞1．ButmyconnectionwithpandasgoesbackmydaysonaTVshowinthemid-1980s.2．Mostofusaremorefocusedourtasksinthemorningthanwearelaterintheday.3．ChopsticksarenotusedeverywhereinAsia.InIndia,forexample,mostpeopletraditionallyeattheirhands.4．hemothercontinuedtocarefortheyoungpandamorethantwoyears.5．ForthosewhoflytoGuilin,it'sonlyanhourawaycarandoffersallthesceneryofthebetter-knowncity.【答案】1.to2.on3.with4.for5.by四、關(guān)系代詞、關(guān)系副詞和連詞1．Likeanything,itispossibletohavetoomuchofboth,isnotgoodforthehealth.2．SomepeoplethinkthatthegreatChinesescholarConfucius,livedfromroughly551to479B．C.,influencedthedevelopmentofchopsticks.3．Overtime,thepopulationgrew,peoplebegancuttingfoodintosmallpiecessoitwouldcookmorequickly.4．Themotherheldthebabyinherfrontpawsmuchthewayahumandoes.itcried,sherockeditbackandforthandgaveitlittlecomfortingpats.5．Oneday,thecowwaseatinggrassitbegantorainheavily.6．Mydaughter,jobrequireshertodoalotoftravelling,isalwaysawayfromhome.7．Thereasonhefailedintheexamwasthathedidn'tstudyhard.8．Pleaseputtheletterintheplacehecaneasilyfindit.9．mostpeopleknow,Fujianisfamousfortea.10．Theproblemiswecanimproveourreadingskillsinsuchashorttime.【答案】1.which2.who3.as/when4.When/If5.when6.whose7.why8.where9.As10.how五．語法填空一EileenTaylorhadsomethingsweetonhermindinthedrive-throughlineatHeav'nlyDonuts.Justthedaybefore,astrangeraheadofherinlinehad__1__(generous)paidforhercoffee.“Thegesturemadesuch__2__bigdifferenceinmyday，”saysEileen.Shehadrecentlylostherjobasaphysician's__3__(assist),andmoneywastight.ButEileen__4__(inspire)topaytheD|S12billofthefamilyinthecarbehindhers.__5__shedidn'tknowwasthatherkindnesswouldsetoffachainreaction.Intwoandahalfhours,fifty-fivedriverspaidfortheorderofthepersonbehind__6__(they).Thedoughnutshop'semployees__7__(see)thisbefore.ThisHeav'nlyDonuts,infact,isknownasaspecialplace,thecustomersof__8__areconsideredasthe“bestintheworld”.But,evenso,theworkerswere__9__(amaze)thattheshophadmorethandoubleditspreviousrecordbytheendoftheday.Now__10__(work)asachemist,EileenvisitsHeav'nlyDonutseverySaturdaymorning,pickingupacoffeeandpayingfortheorderofthecustomerbehindher.1．【答案】generously根據(jù)語法知識(shí)可知，此處應(yīng)用副詞修飾動(dòng)詞paid。故填generously。2．【答案】amakeadifference是固定搭配，意為“有影響”。故填a。3．【答案】assistant名詞所有格后面應(yīng)用名詞，此處表示的是“醫(yī)師助理”。故填assist的名詞形式assistant，意為“助手”。4．【答案】wasinspired根據(jù)文章內(nèi)容可知，此處應(yīng)用一般過去時(shí)的被動(dòng)語態(tài)，表示“艾琳受到別人的啟發(fā)”。故填wasinspired。5．【答案】What空格處引導(dǎo)主語從句，且在從句中充當(dāng)動(dòng)詞know的賓語，表示“所……的事”。故填What。注意首字母應(yīng)大寫。6．【答案】them介詞后面應(yīng)用人稱代詞的賓格。故填them。7．【答案】hadseen根據(jù)句意可知，此處指這個(gè)商店的員工以前也見過這種情況。文章描述的事件發(fā)生在過去，故此處表示過去的過去，應(yīng)用過去完成時(shí)。故填hadseen。8．【答案】which空格處引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句，先行詞是“Heav'nlyDonuts”，在從句中作介詞of的賓語，應(yīng)用關(guān)系代詞which引導(dǎo)。9．【答案】amazed此處應(yīng)指員工們感到很吃驚。空格處修飾人，應(yīng)用過去分詞形式的形容詞，表示“感到……的”。故填amazed。10．【答案】working空格處與句子主語Eileen之間是邏輯上的主動(dòng)關(guān)系，應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在分詞形式作狀語。故填working。二IwanttotalkaboutMissSmith,ahistoryteacherIhadatsecondaryschool__1__Iwasabout15.MostoftheteachersIhadwereOK,__2__theygavethefeelingthatitwasjustajob.ItseemedthatMissSmithreally__3__(love)bothhistoryandteachingit.Oneofthe__4__(good)thingsaboutherlessonswasthatwedidn'talwayshavetostudyinanordinaryway.Forexample,ratherthanwriteanarticleforhomework,usuallywewereallowed__5__(work)withafriendtowriteanimaginarydialoguebetweentwohistorical__6__(figure).Thenwecouldperformitfortheclass.IthinkMissSmithinfluencedmeintwoimportantways.Firstly,shemademe__7__(interest)inhistory.NowIstillreadbooksonhistoryandwatchTVprogramsaboutitwhenIgetthechance.__8__(second),sheshowedmehowateachercanusethestudents'owncreativitytohelpthemlearn.Instead__9__justbeingakindofaudienceforlessons,wewereinvolvedin__10__(decide)whathappenedinthelessons.1．【答案】when根據(jù)語境可知，史密斯老師是作者15歲上中學(xué)時(shí)的一位歷史老師；分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，空格處在句中引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語從句。故填when。2．【答案】but根據(jù)空格前的“wereOK”及下文中的“itwasjustajob”可知，作者的大部分老師都很好，但是他們給人的感覺是教書只是一份工作，空格前后表示轉(zhuǎn)折。故填but。3．【答案】loved文章總體時(shí)態(tài)為一般過去時(shí)。故填loved。4．【答案】best“oneof＋the＋形容詞最高級(jí)＋名詞復(fù)數(shù)”意為“……中最……的一個(gè)”。根據(jù)語境可知，此處指她上課最大的一個(gè)優(yōu)點(diǎn)是不總是用常規(guī)的方式教學(xué)。故填best。5．【答案】toworkallowsb.todosth.意為“允許某人做某事”，為固定搭配。故填towork。6．【答案】figures根據(jù)空格前的“two”可知，此處應(yīng)用可數(shù)名詞figure的復(fù)數(shù)形式。故填figures。7．【答案】interested“makesb.＋形容詞”意為“使某人……”，此處指使作者對(duì)歷史感興趣。故填interested。8．【答案】Secondly根據(jù)上文中的“Firstly”可知，此處應(yīng)填Secondly。注意首字母大寫。9．【答案】ofinsteadof意為“代替，而不是”。故填of。10．【答案】deciding介詞in后接動(dòng)名詞形式。故填deciding。三Shadowpuppetry(木偶表演藝術(shù)),alsocalledshadowplay,gotitsstartthousandsofyearsagoinChinaandIndia.Thisuniqueformofstorytellingis__1__oldesttypeofpuppetryintheworld.Shadowpuppetsarefiguresthat__2__(place)betweenalightandascreen.Movingthemcreatestheillusion(假象)ofmovingpicturesonthescreen.Anexperiencedpuppeteercanmakefiguresappeartowalk,talk,fightanddance.China,India,IndonesiaandTurkeyhavebeenespeciallyimportantinthe__3__(develop)ofthisartformovertime.Thetypesofstories__4__(tell)withshadowpuppetryvaryfromcountrytocountry.Forexample,inChina,shadowplaysare__5__(usual)basedonChinesefolktales.Shadowpuppetscanbemadeofawidevarietyofmaterials.Today,youmightseeshadowpuppets__6__aremadeofpaper,plastic,woodorcloth.There'sreallynoendtohowcreativepuppeteerscanbewhen__7__(make)theirpuppe