黃岡中學定語從句專題測試

2012-2013年黃岡中學同步教學測試試卷定語從句測試試卷（講評卷）考試范圍：定語從句；考試時間：100分鐘；姓名：__________班級：__________考號：__________注意事項：1．答題前填寫好自己的姓名、班級、考號等信息2．請將答案正確填寫在答題卡上一、單項選擇1.Thehotel___youarethinking,Kate,istoodirty,I’mafraid.A.thatB.whichC.inwhichD.ofwhich【答案】D2.Heisastrictbutkindteacher,_____isalwaystryingtomakehisclasseslivelyandinteresting.A.oneB.heC.onewhoD.hewho【答案】C3.Mr.Zhanggavethetextbooktoallthepupilsexcept______whohadalreadytakenthem.A.theonesB.onesC.someD.theothers

【答案】A【解析】theones=thepupils，做定語從句的先行詞。4.Thisisthereason______hedidn'tcometothemeeting.A.inwhichB.withwhichC.thatD.forwhich【答案】D【解析】forwhich在定語從句中作原因狀語,可用why來替代.5.Marywasapainterofbirdsandofnature,____,forsomereason,hadwithdrawnfromallhumansociety.()A.which B.whom C.who D.where【答案】C6.ShewaseducatedatBeijingUniversityA.afterwhichB.fromwhichC.fromthatD.afterthat【答案】A7.Sheheardagreatnoise,________grewtoaroar.A．thatB．whichC．whatD．where【答案】B8.Theotherday,mybrotherdrovehiscardownthestreetatthehighestspeed______Ihaveneverseen.A.asB.whichC.whatD.that【答案】D9.Thereisanunpleasantsubject____wemightargueforalongtime.A.inwhichB.withthemC.aboutwhichD.withit【答案】C10.Isthisthereason_____atthemeetingforhiscarelessnessinhiswork? A.heexplainedB.whatheexplainedC.howheexplainedD.whyheexplained【答案】A二、單詞拼寫11.Sheisatotellothersthatshedidn’tpasstheexam.【答案】ashamed三、完形填空12.Thequestionofwhetherwarisinevitableisonewhichhasconcernedmanyoftheworld’sgreatwriters.Before1thisquestion,itwillbeusefultointroducesome2concepts.Conflict,3asoppositionamongsocialunits-orindividuals-directedagainstoneanother,is4fromcompetition,which5oppositionamongsocialunits6seekingtoobtainsomethingwhichis7inadequatesupply.Competitorsmaynotknowaboutoneanother,whilethosewho8inaconflictdo.Conflictandcompetitionareboth9ofopposition.Themeaningofoppositionhasbeenstatedasaprocessbywhichsocialunitfunctioninthedisserviceofoneanother,oppositionis10contrastedtocooperation,a11bywhichsocialunitsfunctionintheserviceofoneanother.These12arenecessarybecauseitisimportanttoemphasizethatcompetitionbetweenindividualsorgroupsisinevitableinaworldoflimited13,butconflictisn’t.Conflict,nevertheless,isverylikelytooccurandisprobablyanessentialanddesirable14Manyauthorshave15theirargumentsthatwarcannotbeavoidedontheideathatinthestruggleforexistenceamonggroupsofanimals,onlythosewhicharebest16remainalive.Ingeneral,however,thisstruggleinnatureiscompetition,notconflict.Thosewhofailinthiscompetition17starvetodeathorare18byothertypesofanimals.Thisstrugglefor19isnotsimilartohumanwar,butislikethecompetitionof20forjobs,markets,andmaterials.Themostimportantqualityofthisstruggleisthecompetitionforthenecessitiesoflifethatarenotenoughtosatisfyall.1.A.considering B.solving C.answering D.saying 2.A.related B.used C.translated D.sacred 3.A.specified B.remarked C.defined D.claimed 4.A.variable B.distinguished C.various D.isolated 5.A.acknowledged B.denies C.assumes D.means 6.A.critically B.approximately C.independently D.costly 7.A.on B.for C.with D.in 8.A.enter B.participate C.fall D.involve 9.A.formations B.classes C.terms D.reactions 10.A.nevertheless B.however C.thus D.maybe 11.A.procession B.standard C.process D.measurement 12.A.accounts B.definitions C.descriptions D.explanations 13.A.resources B.origins C.sources D.materials 14.A.matter B.element C.event D.coincidence 15.A.concentrated B.fixed C.centered D.based 16.A.encouraged B.accepted C.adapted D.adopted 17.A.notonly B.either C.neither D.both 18.A.killed B.raised C.fired D.surrounded 19.A.resistence B.privilege C.favour D.employment 20.A.workers B.officials C.individuals D.residents 【答案】AACBDCDBBCCBABDCBAAC【解析】1.A考慮這個問題之前，有必要介紹一些與之相關(guān)的概念。2.A“相關(guān)的概念”，應用related。3.Cdefine,“解釋”，“下定義”，后面經(jīng)常接as;specify,“指定”，“指明”。Theregulationsspecifythatyoumayuseadictionaryintheexamination。remark,“說”。claim,“要求承認某人之身份，所有權(quán)”。Doesanyoneclaimthisumbrella?有沒有人認領(lǐng)這把傘？沖突，指的是社會單位，團體或個人之間的對抗。它與“競爭”不同。競爭指的是社會單位間為奪取一種不足夠的供應而進行的對抗。4.Bdistinguishfrom區(qū)別，不同；variable與various(多樣的)后面一般不接from;isolated“與……隔離開來”。5.D對前面competition的解釋，“意味著”。6.Ccritically批判地；approximately大致地；independently獨立地；不受控制地；costly形容詞，昂貴的。根據(jù)文中含義，“競爭對手各自尋求物質(zhì)，所以才會有沖突”。所以此外選C為宜。7.Dinshort(inadequate)supply“缺乏的”為固定搭配，一般不用其它介詞。8.Benterin登記姓名，細節(jié)等。例：enterinaniteminanaccountbook將一筆賬記入賬本；fallin陷入，例fallinlovewithsb.involvein“卷入”，一般為卷入某個事件；participatein參與。競爭者們可能彼此不了解，而沖突者們則熟識對方。9.Bformation,構(gòu)成;terms,術(shù)語;reactions,反映;classes在此處指“種類，類別”。沖突和競爭都屬于對抗。10.C選這類連接副詞時，關(guān)鍵是弄清句與句之間意義關(guān)系。上句講到對抗就是彼此不服務。這句講到合作就是彼此服務。他們之間連接詞自然就是“因此”了，因此他們相反。對抗與合作相反。合作指的是社會單位互相服務。11.Cprocession隊伍，行列；standard標準；process過程；measurement衡量。上句中談到對抗是彼此不服務時，用的是“aprocessbywhichsocial...”,此處與上句這部分結(jié)構(gòu)完全相同，就可套用process一詞。12.Baccounts敘述；definitions，定義，概念；descriptions,描述；explanations，解釋。文章第二句話是第一自然段主題句：介紹幾個概念，然后作者分別介紹。本題中用thesedefinitions“這些概念”則與上文渾然一體。對這些定義的理解非常必要，因為有必要強調(diào)，個人或團體之間的競爭在這個資源有限的世界是難免的，而沖突則是可免的。13.Aresource資源，指國家、人類或個人所擁有的人力及物力，例：Wemustexploitthenaturalresourcesofourcountry.我們必須開發(fā)本國的天然資源。source指河的源頭：thesourceofNile尼羅河的發(fā)源地。source還指出處，來源，例：Thenewscomesfromareliablesource.這項消息出自可靠的來源。origin起源，theoriginofaquarrel爭吵的起因。此空前為aworldoflimited一個有限資源的世界，因此選A。14.B沖突很可能發(fā)生，它可能是人類社會必不可少、值得得到的要素。15.Dbase...on...把……建立在……上。16.C只有那些適應（能力）強的才活下來。17.B看到or就會想到either;notonly...butalso;neither...nor...,both...and都是固定搭配。在競爭中失敗的動物，要不就是餓死，要不就被別的動物殺死。18.A由前句starvetodeath和or可知，此處應同death意義相近。19.A為生存的抗爭不同于人類戰(zhàn)爭。20.C由后面的jobs,marketsandmaterials可知，此處應填“個人”。workers,officials和residents（居民）都以偏概全。四、閱讀理解13.AmericanscientistMorseSolomonhasdevelopedanunusualmethodtomakemeatsofter.First,putakilogramormoreoffirmmeatinacontainerfilledwithwater.Addasmallamountofexplosives.Then,mixcarefullyandexplode.No,MisterMorseisnotattemptingtodestroythemeat.Instead,heismakingitsofterandalsokillingharmfulbacteria.MisterSolomonisameatscientistwiththeUnitedStatesAgriculturalResearchService.Hebegantoexploretheuseofshockwavestosoftenmeattenyearsago.HismethodiscalledtheHydrodynamicPressureProcess.Thetheoryissimple.Shockwavesfromanexplosiontravelthroughwatertothemeat.Theshockwavestearsmallpiecesofmuscleandotherparticlesawayfromthemeat.Thismakesthemeatsofterandeasiertoeat.Theshockwavesalsoreducetheamountofbacteriainthemeat.TheDepartmentofAgriculturesaystheprocesscouldincreasefoodsafetyforcompaniesthatsellmeat.UncookedmeatmaycontainorganismssuchastheEscherichiacolibacteria,alsoknownasE.coli.E.colicanmakepeoplesickiftheyeatmeatthatisnotwellcooked.TheHydrodynamicPressureProcessmayhelpreduceconcernsaboutharmfulbacteriainmeat.OtherAmericanscientistsattemptedtoimprovetheprocess.Theyusedathick-walledmetalcontainerthatwasburiedintheground.Thisdevicedidnotimprovethequalityofthemeatasmuchasthesimplermethod.However,thescientistsfoundthereseemedtobefewerbacteriainthemeatthanbeforetheprocess.ScientistshaddemonstratedthattheHydrodynamicPressureProcesscouldimprovelargepiecesofmeat.Next,theywantedtoseeiftheprocessreducedbacterialevelsinsmallerpiecesofgroundbeefthatisusedtomakehamburgers.Theirtestsshowedareductionofbacteriaingroundbeefproducts.OtherstudiesshowedthatgroundbeefcontainingE.colihadnomeasurablelevelsofthebacteriaafterthetreatment.TheHydrodynamicPressureProcessdoesnotkillallbacteriainthemeat,however.MisterSolomonsayssomegoodbacteriaremain.Theagriculturalscientistssaymorestudiesareneededtoseeifthemethodcouldbeusedinthemeatprocessingindustry.1.Whichofthefollowingtitlesbestsummarizesthemainideaofthepassage?A.TheLifeofanAmericanScientistMorseSolomon.B.TheAmericanAgriculturalResearchService.C.AnIntroductiontotheAmericanMeatProcessingIndustry.D.AnIntroductiontotheHydrodynamicPressureProcess.2.Whatmakesmeatsofterandeasiertoeat?A.Someexplosives. B.Shockwaves.C.Certainorganisms. D.Otherparticles.3.IthadbeenprovedthattheHydrodynamicPressureProcess_____.A.couldimprovesmallerpiecesofgroundbeefbutnotlargepiecesofmeatB.couldimprovelargepiecesofmeatbutnotsmallerpiecesofgroundbeefC.couldimprovelargepiecesofmeatandreducethebacteriaingroundbeefaswellD.couldimprovelargepiecesofmeatbutcouldnotreducethebacteriaingroundbeef4.WecanlearnfromthepassagethattheHydrodynamicPressureProcess_____.A.provedtobeagreatsuccessB.turnedouttobeafailureC.remainstobefurtherstudiedD.needstobefurthertested【答案】DBCC14.BeagyZielinskiisaGerman-born28-year-oldstylistwhomovedtoNewYorktostudyfashionin1995andstayed．JustbeforeChristmas,shebrokeupwithherblue-collarboyfriend,whorepairedNavyships．“HewasextremelyinsecureaboutmycareerandhowsuccessfulIam,"Zielinskisaid．Sheandcountlesswomenlikeherarevictimsofarolereversal（逆轉(zhuǎn)）thatisprofoundlyaffectingthepoolofpotentialmarriagepartners．Mennowareincreasinglylikelytomarrywiveswithmoreeducationandincomethantheyhave,andthereverseistrueforwomen．"Inrecentdecades,withtheriseofwell-paidworkingwives,theeconomicgainsofmarriagehavebeenagreaterbenefitformen．TheanalysisexaminesAmericans30t044yearsold,thefirstgenerationinwhichmorewomenthanmenhavecollegedegrees．Women'searningshavebeenincreasingfasterthanthatofmen'ssincethe1970s．“We'veknownforsometimethatmenneedmarriagemorethanwomenfromthestandpointofphysicalandmentalwell-being,"saidStephanieCoontz,aprofessoratEvergreenStateCollegeinOlympia,Wash．,“Nowitisbecomingincreasinglyimportanttotheireconomicwell-beingaswell．”Theeducationandincomegaphasgrownevenmoreinthelatestrecession（經(jīng)濟衰退），whenmenheldaboutthreeinfourof/thejobsthatwerelost．"I'mnotmarried,1wouldliketobemarried,andmyfriendsareallinasimilarsituation,"saidDrRajallaPrewitt,a38-year-oldpsychiatristinNewJersey．"We'rehavingdifficultyfindingsomeonewherethereameetingoftheminds,wherewecanhavethesamegoalsandvalues．""Particularly,African-Americanmenwhoareeducatedwantatraditionalhomewheretheyare,thebreadwinner,"saidPrewitt,whoisablackwoman．educatedwantatraditionalhomewheretheyareIn2007,thePewreportfound,medianhouseholdincomesofmarredmen,marriedwomenandunmarriedwomenwereallabout60percenthigherthaninl\970．Butamongunmarriedmen,medianhouseholdincomerosebyonly16percent．Thesedays,menwhomarrytypicallygainanotherbreadwinner． College-educatedwivesarelesslikelytohaveahusbandwhoiscollege-educatedandinthehighestincomebracketthantheywerein1970,andmarriedwomenarelesslikelytohaveahusbandwhoworks．Amongallmarriedcouples,wivescontributeagrowingshareofthehouseholdincome,andarisingshareofthosecouplesincludeawifewhoearnsmorethanherhusband．Whilemarriagerateshavedeclinedoverall,womenwithcollegedegreesarestillmorelikelytomarrytodaythanlesseducatedwomen．1．BeagyZielinskibrokeupwithherboyfriendbecause． A．shewasmoresuccessfulthanhiminhercareer B．shecouldn'tbearwithhislazinessanymoreC．hewaslookeddownuponbyheraswellasothersD．hersuccessbroughthimcertainmentaldisturbances2．WhichofthefollowingisNOTtrueofAmericanmarriage?A．Womentendtomarrymenwithlesseducationandincome．B．Mentendtohavemoreeconomicgainsoftheirmarriages．C．Women'sincomehasbeenrisingfasterthanmenforabout40years．D．Menusedtogaingreaterbenefitsintermsofmentalhealththantoday．3．Dr．Prewitt’sattitudetowardshermarriageis．A．pessimistic B．optimisticC．passionate D．unconcerned4．Itcanbeinferredfromthepassagethat____． A．college-educatedmenpreferredtomarrylesseducatedwomenB．college-educatedwomenusedtomarryonlycollege-educatedmenC．college-educatedwomenweremorelikelytomarrythanthelesseducatedD．college-educatedmenweremorelikelytomarrycollege-educatedwomen5．Whatisthewriter'smainpurposeinwritingthispassage?A．ToexplainwhyAmericaneducatedwomenarelesslikelytomarry．B．TopointouttheAmericanwomen'stendencytomarrylesseducatedmen．C．ToargueaboutthedifferencesofAmericanmarriageofthepastandtoday．D．TothrowlightonwhyAmericancollege-educatedwomenchooselesseducatedmen．【答案】DDACB15.Fromayoungage,itwasmydreamtogotoAfricaandworkwithanimals.Everybodylaughedatme,butmymother,Vanne,toldmenevertogiveup,andthatIcouldalwaysfindaway.So,whenIwas23,aftersavingupmyearningsfromworkingasawaitress,Iwenttowild,untamed(野性的)Africaandbeganmywork.In1960IwenttotheGombeStreamChimpanzeeReserve.Atthattime,weknewnothingofthebehaviororsocialstructureofchimps(黑猩猩),andIwastogothereandseewhatIcouldfindout.Usually,whenyouwakeup,youleaveyourdreamsbehindyou,butIfoundmyselfwakinguptomydream.AstheBritishgovernmentwouldn’tletmegowithoutolderwomen’scompany,myamazingmothercamewithmeandstayedforfourmonths.Wesharedasecond-handarmytent,andweusedthestreamforfreshwaterandwashing.Wecouldswiminthelake,althoughtherewerecrocodiles.Itwasbeautifulthere,althoughbothmymotherandInearlydiedofmalaria(瘧疾).IwasscaredIwouldn’tbeabletodowhatIhadsetoutto,because,atfirst,thechimpsranawayfrommeinfear.Ispentmydayswatching,listening,trackingandintheeveningswritingupmynotes.Formymother,whostayedbackatthecamp,itmusthavebeenterrifying,andverylonely.Thereweresnakesandspiders,aswellasanoldleopardwhowouldcomeby.Butshehadanamazingwaywithpeople,andwouldhandoutmedicinestothefishermen,whosawherasawitchdoctor.Inmyfifthmonththere,Ifinallysawoneofthe