湖北省十堰市2021-2022學(xué)年高三上學(xué)期元月調(diào)研考試英語試題

十堰市2022年高三年級元月調(diào)研考試英語注意事項：1.答題前，考生務(wù)必將自己的姓名、考生號、考場號、座位號填寫在答題卡上。2.回答選擇題時，選出每小題答案后，用鉛筆把答題卡上對應(yīng)題目的答案標(biāo)號涂黑。如需改動，用橡皮擦干凈后，再選涂其他答案標(biāo)號。回答非選擇題時，將答案寫在答題卡上。寫在本試卷上無效。3.考試結(jié)束后，將本試卷和答題卡一并交回。第一部分聽力（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）做題時，先將答案標(biāo)在試卷上。錄音內(nèi)容結(jié)束后，你將有兩分鐘的時間將試卷上的答案轉(zhuǎn)涂到答題卡上。第一節(jié)（共5小題;每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分）聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個小題,從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項，并標(biāo)在試卷的相應(yīng)位置。聽完每段對話后,你都有10秒鐘的時間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話僅讀一遍。例：Howmuchistheshirt?A.￡19.15. B.￡9.18. C.￡9.15.答案是Co1.Whatisthewomangoingtodo?A.Openthewindow.B.Findanotherroom.C.Gooutwiththeman.2.Whatdowelearnfromtheconversation?A.Jack’sbrotheriscleverer.B.Jackisthebetterstudent.C.Jack’sbrotherismorehardworking.3.Howmanyroomsarethereinthewoman'shousealtogether?A.2.B.5.C.4.4.Wherearethewomanandherbrothergoingtospendtheholiday?A.InCanada.B.InItaly.C.InTurkey.5.Whatcanwelearnabouttheman'swatch?A.It's5minutesfast.B.It's5minutesslow.C.It's10minutesslow.第二節(jié)（共15小題;每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分）聽下面5段對話或獨白。每段對話或獨白后有幾個小題,從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項，并標(biāo)在試卷的相應(yīng)位置。聽每段對話或獨白前，你將有時間閱讀各個小題，每小題5秒鐘;聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時間。每段對話或獨白讀兩遍。聽第6段材料，回答第6、7題。6.Whatdoesthewomanfeelabouthernewco-worker?A.Annoyed.B.Anxious.C.Hopeful.7.Whatdoesthemanadvisethewomantodo?A.Shareheropinionswithothers.B.SpeaktoMr.Wade.C.Quitherjob.聽第7段材料，回答第8、9題。8.Wheredoestheconversationtakeplace?A.Onabus.B.Inaclassroom.C.Inalibrary.9.Howdoesthewomanfeel?A.Worried.B.Relieved.C.Excited.聽第8段材料，回答第10至12題。10.Howlonghasthemanwaitedforthewoman?A.Fornearlyanhour.B.Foraboutfiveminutes.C.Formorethananhour.11.Howdidthewomancome?A.Bytaxi.B.Bybus.C.Onfoot.12.Whydidthewomangooffworklate?A.Shehadtocheckherownletters.B.Shehadatalkwithherboss.C.Herbossgaveheratask.聽第9段材料，回答第13至16題。13.Whatistherelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Teacherandstudent.B.Interviewerandinterviewee.C.Managerandclerk.14.Whydidthemanleavehispreviousjobinthebank?A.Hehadnevergottenarise.B.Hejustwantedtomakeachange.C.Hisfamilymovedtoanotherplace.15.Whatdoesthemanthinkofhimself?A.Hard-workingandresponsible.B.Faithfulandenergetic.C.Smartandcapable.16.Whatdoweknowabouttheman?A.Hedoesn'thavemuchexperienceinsales.B.Hetookapar-timecourseinfinanceandtrade.C.Heworkedforaprivatecompanyforthreeyears.聽第10段材料，回答第17至20題。17.Howlongwillthewritingremainperfectlyclear?A.About20minutes.B.Atleast3days.C.Lessthan10minutes.18.Whatcanmakethewritingdisappearmorequickly?A.Chemicals.B.Light.C.Heat.19.Whatdoweknowaboutthenewlyinventedpaper?A.Itcanbeusedupto20times.B.Itmightmakeinkwidelyused.C.Itwillreplacetheordinarypaper.20.Whatdoscientistsexpectofthepaper?A.It'llhelpspeedupprinting.B.It'llbewidelyusedsoon.C.It'llbemadeofplastic.第二部分閱讀（共兩節(jié)，滿分50分）第一節(jié)（共15小題;每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出最佳選項。ATheCurb-cutEffect（路緣坡效應(yīng)）referstothefactthatsupportingsmallgroupsofpeopleoftenendsuphelpingmuchlargerrangesofsociety.Curbcuts：EasethewalkingInthe1940s,hundredsofthousandsofWorldWarⅡsoldiersreturnedhomewithdisabilities.Disappointedbythedifficultiestheyfaced,JackFisherofKalamazoo,Michigan,asoneofthem,askedhiscitygovernmenttobuildanexperimentalcurbcut——agentleslopethatbringstheendofasidewalkdowntomeetthelevelofthestreet——atthecornersofseveralblocksdowntown.Afewmonthslater,Fisherreportedthatevenresidentswithoutwheelchairswereenjoyingtheimpactofthelittleslopes.Readingmachines：GettingthemessageIn1976,technologistRayKurzweilinventedamachinefortheblindandvisuallydamagedtochangeimagesintotextthatitthenreadaloud.Smartspeakerswiththosevoicesarenowinroughlyone-quarterofUShomes.Bydetectingstreetsignsandhousenumbers,itishelpingbuildthemapsthatself-drivingcarsusetonavigatetheworld.Closedcaptions（字幕）:FollowingtheconversationSearslaunchedthefirstTVwithabuilt—inequipmentthatalloweddeafandhard-of-hearingviewerstoreadalongwiththeirfavoriteprogramsin1980.Inthe1990s,textbecameincreasinglycommonasDVDsand,later,streamingservicesaddedtheabilitytoswitchthewordsonatwill.A2006surveyfoundthatonlyaround20percentofthepeopleusingcaptionshadhearingproblems.DeafSpacedesigns：KeepingthingsquietMorethan150designsoftheDeafSpaceProjectcamefromarchitectHanselBauman.Oneaimistocleardistractingnoises,whichcanmakeitdifficultforpeopletousetheirlimitedhearingabilities.Bykeepingconversationsandothersounddisturbancesfromwalkingandjumpingaroundtheroom,thesewaysalsomakeiteasierforallsortsofstudentsandworkerstofocus.CLICKHEREFORMOREINFORMATION21.Whowerethefourinventionsinitiallyintendedtoserve?A.Thearmy.B.Specialgroups.C.Allhumanbeings.D.Professionals.22.WhatmightbeJackFisher?A.Acitydesigner.B.Acitygovernor.C.Adisabledsoldier.D.Anordinaryroadman.23.Whoseinventionhelpspeopletoconcentrate?A.Sears'.B.JackFisher's.C.RayKurzweil's.D.HanselBauman's.BThelifeofapremature（早產(chǎn)的）babybornduringthewinterstorminTexaswassavedthankstoateamofmedicalprofessionals,includingadoctorandtwonurseswhotraveledfromeastAusintoMarbleFallsinanefforttosaveanewbornbaby'slife.WhenAriasbeganexperiencingpains,sheandherparentsheadedtotheclosesthospital,BaylorScott&White.Ariasgavebirthtoherdaughter,Zaylynn,whoweighedjustoveronepoundandwasinneedofadvancedspecialcare.However,thehospitaldoesnotofferthespecializedcareprematurebabiesrequire.“Wehadfiveorsixpeopleoutatthenurses'stationcallinghospitalnetworksalloverthestateofTexas,"saidMeredithSchubert,thelaboranddeliverynurseondutywhenAriasarrived.“Nobodycouldanswerourcryforhelp.”TheyfinallyreachedDr.JohnLoydthroughapatient,divisionneonatologistchiefatDellChildren’sMedicalCenterinAustin,Texas.Around5p.m.,afteralreadyhavingworkedafullshift,LoydpackedhisSUVwithequipmentandheandtwoNICUnursessetoutforMarbleFalls,about55milesaway.ThedrivetookLoydandthenursesabouttwohoursastheydroveinthenightthroughiceandsnow.AftersafelyarrivingattheMarbleFallsmedicalcenteraround8p.m.,theDellChildren'screwsetupatemporarynewbornICU.Together,theDellChildren'sandBaylorScott&Whiteteamsworkedaroundtheclocktocareforthemotheranddaughter.Oncetheweatherclearedenoughtoallowforahelicoptertosafelyland,ZaylynnwastransferredtoDellChildren's,wherethereisaLevelIVnewbornintensivecareunit.“Itwasincrediblewhenthehelicopterliftedoff.Thereweretearsfromallofus,"saidSchubert."Itwasahugereliefandsenseofaccomplishmentandjoy,thatZaylynnwasdoingsowellandgettingtotheplacethatsheneededtobe.”AriastoldKVUEthatshewasgratefultothedoctorsandnurseswhoworkedtogethertosaveherdaughter.24.Whatdidthenewbornbabyneedbadly?A.Professionalsurgery.B.Specialintensivenursing.C.Immediatetransfer.D.Experienceddoctors.25.WhichwordbestdescribesMeredithSchubert'scryforhelpbeforereachingLoyd?A.Timely.B.Hopeful.C.Desperate.D.Encouraging.26.WhatwasthemosttouchingpartaboutLoyd?A.Hecamewithallthenecessaryequipment.B.Hetriedhisbesttomaintainhishonor.C.Hehadenoughbraverytodriveatnight.D.Hedrovetorescueatnightinsevereweather.27.Whatmadethedoctorsandnursesfeelasenseofrelief?A.Thefineweather.B.Thebaby'simprovement.C.Thetakeoffofthehelicopter.D.Thebaby'sarrivalatitsdestination.CThenumberofweather-relateddisastershasincreasedbyfivetimesoverthepast50years,thelatestreportbytheWorldMeteorological（氣象）Organization（WMO）saidonSeptember1.However,thankstoimprovedearlywarningsystemsanddisastermanagement,thenumberofdeathfromthesehazards（危險）hasbeenalmostthreetimesless.AccordingtotheWMO,from1970to2019,weather,climateandwaterhazardsaccountedfor50percentofalldisasters.Amongthetop10hazardsthatledtothelargestlossofhumanlifeduringthisperiodweredroughts,storms,floodsandextremetemperatures.However,deathsfellfromover50,000inthe1970stolessthan20,000inthe2010s.“Weather,climateandwaterextremesareincreasingandwillbecomemorefrequentandsevereinmanypartsoftheworldasaresultofclimatechange,"saysWMOSecretary-GeneralPetteriTaalas.“Thatmeansmoreheatwaves,droughtandforestfiressuchasthosewehaveobservedrecentlyinEuropeandNorthAmerica.Wehavemorewatervaporintheatmosphere,whichisworseningextremerainfallanddeadlyflooding.Thewarmingoftheoceanshasaffectedthefrequencyandareaofexistenceofthemostintensetropicalstorms.”“Economiclossesareincreasingasexposureincreases.Butbehindthestatisticsliesamessageofhope.Improvedmultihazardearlywarningsystemshaveledtoasignificantreductionindeaths.Quitesimply,wearebetterthaneverbeforeatsavinglives,"Taalassaid.28.Whatdoweknowfromthefirstparagraph?A.Disastersconnectedwithweatherhavegoneup.B.Thenumberofweather-relateddisastershasdecreased.C.Thenumberofdeathsfromhazardshasbeenincreasing.D.Earlywarningsystemshasmadedisastersdeclinemuch.29.WhatwillhappenaccordingtoPetteriTaalas?A.Therewillbemoreextremeweather.B.Extremerainfallwillnolongerexist.C.Watervaporintheatmospherewillgodown.D.Humanwillconquerextremeweatherintheend.30.Whatishopefulbehindthebadnews?A.Improvedwarningsystemswillsaveeconomiclosses.B.Economiclossesaregoingdownasexposureincreases.C.Moreliveswillbesavedthankstoearlywarningsystem.D.Improvedearlywarningsystemswillcontrolextremeweather.31.Wheremaythetextbetakenfrom?A.Anovel.B.Anadvertisement.C.Aguideline.D.Amagazine.DNewresearchsuggeststhatagenethatgovernsthebody'sbiological(circadian)clockactsdifferentlyinmalesversusfemalesandmayprotectfemalesfromheartdisease.Thestudyisthefirsttoanalyzecircadianbloodpressurerhythms(節(jié)奏)infemalemice.Thebody'scircadianclock-thebiologicalclockthatorganizesbodilyactivitiesovera24-hourperiod—contributestonormalvariationsinbloodpressureandheartfunctionoverthecourseoftheday.Inmosthealthyhumans,bloodpressuredips(下降)atnight.Peoplewhodonotexperiencethistemporarydrop,called“non-dippers,"aremorelikelytodevelopheartdisease.Thecircadianclockismadeupoffourmainproteins(encodedby“clockgenes")thatregulateclosetohalfofallgenesinthebody,includingthoseimportantforbloodpressureregulation.Previousresearchhasshownthatmalemicethataremissingoneofthefourclockgenes(PERI)becomenon-dippersandhaveahigherriskforheartandkidneydisease.AresearchteamstudiedthecircadianresponseandbloodpressureoffemalemicethatlackPERIandcomparedthemwithahealthyfemalecontrolgroup.Onbothlow-andhigh-saltdiets,bothgroups“retainedanapparentcircadianrhythm"ofbloodpressure,theresearchersexplained.Unlikethemalemiceinpreviousresearch,thefemaleswithoutPERIshowednormaldipsinbloodpressureovernight.TheseresultssuggestthatthelackofPERIactsdifferentlyinmalesandfemales.Thefindingsareconsistentwithresearchshowingthatwomenarelesslikelytobenon-dippersthanmenofthesameage.“Thisstudyrepresentsanimportantstepinunderstandingsexdifferencesintheregulationofcardiovascular(心血管)functionbythecircadianclock,"theresearcherswrote.32.Whatdoesthenewresearchfind?A.Biologicalclockmayprotectmalesfromheartdisease.B.Biologicalbloodpressurerhythmsinfemalemiceactsnormally.C.Biologicalclockorganizesbodilyactivitiesovera24-hourperiod.D.Agenecontrollingbiologicalclockworksdifferentlybetweensexes.33.Whatrolecancircadianclockplayaccordingtothetext?A.Helpingmalescureheartdisease.B.Helpingbloodpressurevarynormally.C.Contributingtoabnormalvariationsinbloodpressure.D.Makingupfourmainproteinsregulatingalmosthalfofallgenes.34.Whichwordcanbestreplacetheunderlinedword“retained“inparagraph3?A.treated.B.warned.C.kept.D.watched.35.Whatwouldbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A.OneclockgeneisimportantB.WomenmaybenefitfromaclockgeneC.NewstudyanalyzesbloodpressurerhythmsD.Bloodpressureofhealthyhumansdipsatnight第二節(jié)（共5小題;每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。FourIdeasforBetterSleepMostteensneed8to10hoursofsleepeachnight.Butmanyteenshavetroublesleeping.Lackofsleepcanaffecteverythingfromouremotionstohowwellwefocusontaskslikedriving.36Anditmaybelinkedtoweightgaininsomepeople.Howcanwegetthesleepweneed?Herearesomeideas：Beactiveduringtheday.You'veprobablynoticedhowmuchrunningaroundlittlekidsdo—andhowsoundlytheysleep.37Physicalactivitycandecreasestressandhelppeoplefeelmorerelaxed.Justdon'tworkouttooclosetobedtimebecauseexercisecanwakeyouupbeforeitslowsyoudown.SaygoodnighttoyourtelephoneorTV.38Ifyoucan'tmakeyourbedroomatech-freearea,atleastshuteverythingdownanhourormorebeforelightsout.Nothingsays,“Wakeup,somethingsgoingon!”likethenoiseofatextofaphone.Keepasleeproutine（規(guī)律）.39Creatingasetbedtimeroutinecanimprovethisrelaxationeffect.Sorelaxyourselfeverynightbyreading,listeningtomusic,spendingtimewithapet,writinginajournal,ordoinganythingelsethatrelaxesyou.40.Stresscancausesleeplessness,sothemoreyousufferfromnotsleeping,thegreatertheriskyou’lllieawakestaringattheceiling.Insteadofworryingthatyouwon'tsleep,remindyourselfthatyoucan.Say,“Tonight,Iwillsleepwell”severaltimesduringtheday.Itcanalsohelptopracticebreathingexercisesbeforebed.A.Expectagoodnight'ssleep.B.Youmaywakeupinthemiddleofthenight.C.Expertsrecommendusingthebedroomforsleeponly.D.Themoreyoutrytofallasleep,themoredifficultlyyoucan.E.Learnfromakidandgetatleast60minutesofexerciseaday.F.Goingtobedatthesametimeeverynighthelpsthebodyexpectsleep.G.Itcanaffectsportsperformance,andincreaseourchancesofgettingsick.第三部分語言運用（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）第一節(jié)（共15小題;每小題1分，滿分15分）閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。IhadmovedtoArizonaabouttwoweeksbeforethestartofmyjunioryearofhighschool,sonotonlywasthisa（n）41newschoolforme,butalsoanew42andIdidnotknowanyone.Onthefirstdayofschoolatlunchaftergettingmymeal,Isatdownata（n）43tableinthecourtyard.AsIbegantoeat,I44attheothertablesandsawanothergirlsittingalone,soIdecidedwhynotgositwithher.Iwalkedto45andsaid,^Excuseme,doyoumindifIsitwithyou?”Shewas46atfirst,butthensmiledandsaid,"Sure!”Wegotonwellwitheachotherand47closefriendsthroughtthenexttwoyears.She48:onthefirstdayofschoolwhenyousatdownwithmeduringlunch,Iwasdeeplydepressedthatday.Ihadevenmade49plansonhowIwasgoingto50suicideafterIgethome.Ihadbeenbullied（欺負(fù)）thewholefirsthalfofthedayandithadjustmademe51.Butwhenyou52meaconsiderateway,eventhoughyoudidn'tknowme,it53medeeply.Ithasbeenalmost15yearssincethis54.IsillchatwithheroccasionallyonFacebookaboutourpastandpresentlifeandIcan't55butsmileeverytime.Itshowedmethatasimplekindacthastheextraordinaryabilitytochangelives.41.A.eventuallyB.initiallyC.completelyD.temporarily42.A.environmentB.cultureC.revolutionD.possession43.A.fullB.emptyC.cleanD.awful44.A.camearoundB.lookedupC.lookedaroundD.walkedabout45.A.comfortB.confirmC.accompanyD.rescue46.A.surprisedB.disappointedC.excitedD.devoted47.A.abandonedB.madeC.becameD.deserved48.A.recalledB.liedC.imaginedD.expressed49.A.peacefulB.relaxingC.secureD.detailed50.A.copeB.editC.misleadD.commit51.A.outstandingB.heartbrokenC.cold-bloodedD.hardworking52.A.reachedouttoB.caughtupwithC.gotawayfromD.putupwith53.A.instructedB.touchedC.assistedD.dragged54.A.sympathyB.treatmentC.incidentD.entertainment55.A.standB.waitC.chooseD.help第二節(jié)(共10小題;每小題L5分，滿分15分)閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。ChinesepeoplehavespentmoretimeonleisureactivitiesthisyearcomparedwiththeperiodbeforeCOVID-19pandemic56(strike),accordingtoarecentreportbytheChinaTourismAcademy.Theacademysaidthaturbanresidents'leisuretimeis57(close)relatedtotheirwork.Theyhavespentmoretimeonleisureactivitiesonweekendsthisyear,about4.4hoursaday,comparedwith58averageof3.82hoursadayonworkdays.Thetimethatpeopleinruralareasspendenjoyingleisureactivities59(rise)nearly39percentcomparedwith2019,increasingto4.36hoursadayfrom3.14hoursbeforetheCOVID-19pandemichit.Shoppingatphysical 60 (store)remainsthemostpopularleisureactivityforbothurbanresidentsandpeopleinthecountryside,followedbyactivitieslike61(face)treatments,hairdressingandmanicures(美甲).Thereportsaiditwillbedifficult62(increase)people'sleisuretimeinthefuturedue63thelargeamountoftimetheyspendworkingandlookingafterchildren.Arecentsurvey64wasconductedbytheacademyshowsthat50percentofurbanresidentsworkovereighthoursadayand15percentworkover10hoursaday.DaiBin,chairmanoftheacademy,saidatanonlineconferencethatwit