第07講八年級(jí)下冊(cè)Unit 2 重點(diǎn)知識(shí)先知-2024年八年級(jí)英語(yǔ)寒假提升學(xué)與練（原卷版）

第07講八年級(jí)下冊(cè)Unit2重點(diǎn)知識(shí)先知目錄新知導(dǎo)航：熟悉課程內(nèi)容、掌握知識(shí)脈絡(luò)基礎(chǔ)知識(shí)：知識(shí)點(diǎn)全面梳理，掌握必備重點(diǎn)記憶：關(guān)鍵點(diǎn)快速記憶，提升能力小試牛刀：考點(diǎn)剖析+過關(guān)檢測(cè)，合理應(yīng)用考點(diǎn)1、hopetodosth.的用法教材原文Ihopetoworkoutside.我希望能出去工作。hopetodosth.意為“希望做某事”,動(dòng)詞不定式作hope的賓語(yǔ)，含hopetodosth.的句子可以轉(zhuǎn)換為含賓語(yǔ)從句的主從復(fù)合句。Ihopetopasstheexam.＝IhopethatIcanpasstheexam.我希望我能夠通過考試。拓展“動(dòng)詞＋todosth.”結(jié)構(gòu)的短語(yǔ)agreetodosth.同意做某事decidetodosth.決定做某事refusetodosth.拒絕做某事remembertodosth.記得做某事forgettodosth.忘記做某事trytodosth.盡力做某事wanttodosth.想要做某事考點(diǎn)2、cleanup的用法··········教材原文Youcouldhelptocleanupthecityparks.你可以幫助打掃城市公園。本句中的cleanup是固定搭配，意為“打掃(或清除)干凈”。它的賓語(yǔ)有兩種情況:如果賓語(yǔ)是名詞該名詞可以位于clean和up之間,也可以位于cleanup之后如果賓語(yǔ)是代詞該代詞只能位于clean和up之間Theybegantocleanupthekitchenafterthepartywasover.＝Theybegantocleanthekitchenupafterthepartywasover.聚會(huì)結(jié)束之后,他們開始打掃廚房?？键c(diǎn)3、cheerup的用法···········教材原文Thegirlcouldvisitthesickkidsinthehospitaltocheerthemup.那個(gè)女孩可以去看望醫(yī)院里生病的孩子,使他們振作起來。cheerup意為“(使)變得更高興;振奮起來”.cheerup的賓語(yǔ)有兩種情況:如果賓語(yǔ)是名詞該名詞可以位于cheer和up之間,也可以位于cheerup之后如果賓語(yǔ)是代詞該代詞只能位于cheer和up之間Let’sgotothechildren’shospitaltocheerupthesickchildren.=Let’sgotothechildren’shospitaltocheerthesickchildrenup.讓我們?nèi)和t(yī)院使那些生病的孩子們振作起來吧。Thegoodnewscheeredhimup.這個(gè)好消息使他振作了起來。拓展cheerup還可以單獨(dú)使用,此時(shí)是常見的口語(yǔ)表達(dá),意為“振作起來”,多用在鼓勵(lì)他人的場(chǎng)景中。Cheerup!I’msureyou’llfeelbettertomorrow.振作起來！我肯定你明天會(huì)感覺好些的?？键c(diǎn)4、giveout的用法教材原文Theboycouldgiveoutfoodatthefoodbank.那個(gè)男孩可以在食物賑濟(jì)處發(fā)放食物。giveout在本句中意為“散發(fā);分發(fā)”,相當(dāng)于handout,是“動(dòng)詞＋副詞”結(jié)構(gòu),若代詞作賓語(yǔ),代詞必須放在giveout中間且用賓格;若名詞作賓語(yǔ),名詞可以放在give和out之間,也可以放在out后面。Theteacheraskedmetogiveoutthetestpapers.＝Theteacheraskedmetogivethetestpapersout.老師讓我分發(fā)試卷.Here’reourtestpapers.Ihaven’tgiventhemoutyet.這是我們的試卷,我還沒有分發(fā)。拓展常見的give短語(yǔ)giveaway捐贈(zèng);贈(zèng)給giveup放棄giveback歸還giveoff發(fā)出;放出givesb.sth.給某人某物＝givesth.tosb.givein屈服;讓步考點(diǎn)5、putoff的用法教材原文Wecan’tputoffmakingaplan.我們不能推遲制訂計(jì)劃。putoff意為“推遲”,putoffdoingsth推遲干某事，是常見的短語(yǔ)。Theconcertwasputoffbecauseoftheheavyrain.演唱會(huì)因?yàn)榇笥昝姹煌七t了。拓展常見的put短語(yǔ)putoff推遲;延遲puton穿上;戴上,展出;上演putaway收起來putout熄滅;撲滅putupwith容忍putup搭建;建造;提升;張貼考點(diǎn)6、usedto的用法········教材原文Theytoldmestoriesaboutthepastandhowthingsusedtobe.他們給我講過去的經(jīng)歷,講過去是什么樣子的。usedto表示“過去常常;以前經(jīng)?！?后跟動(dòng)詞原形,用來描述過去經(jīng)常發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)。Heusedtoplaytheguitar.他以前經(jīng)常彈吉他。Iusedtolookonhimasafriend.我以前把他看作是一個(gè)朋友。拓展usedto在變否定句或一般疑問句時(shí)常借助助動(dòng)詞did，具體如下:肯定句主語(yǔ)＋usedto+動(dòng)詞原形...否定句主語(yǔ)＋didn’tuseto+動(dòng)詞原形…一般疑問句Did+主語(yǔ)＋useto+動(dòng)詞原形...?肯定答語(yǔ)Yes,主語(yǔ)＋did.否定答語(yǔ)No,主語(yǔ)＋didn’t.Bobusedtoplaysoccer.鮑勃以前經(jīng)常踢足球Bobdidn’tusetoplaysoccer.鮑勃以前不常踢足球—DidBobusetoplaysoccer?鮑勃以前經(jīng)常踢足球嗎?—Yes,hedid.是的,他經(jīng)常踢?！狽o,hedidn’t.不,他不常踢。辨析usedto和beusedto詞組含義用法usedto過去常常;以前經(jīng)常后跟動(dòng)詞原形，用于描述過去經(jīng)常發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)，該動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)不再繼續(xù)。beusedto習(xí)慣于后跟名詞、代詞或動(dòng)名詞Heusedtoplayfootball,butnowhelikesplayingbaseball.他以前經(jīng)常踢足球,但現(xiàn)在他喜歡打棒球。Sheisusedtogettingupearly.她習(xí)慣早起。考點(diǎn)7、“疑問詞＋不定式”的用法教材原文...butIwanttolearnmoreabouthowtocareforanimals.······但是我想學(xué)習(xí)更多關(guān)于如何照顧動(dòng)物的知識(shí)。howtocareforanimals屬于“疑問詞＋不定式”的結(jié)構(gòu),該結(jié)構(gòu)在句中作介詞about的賓語(yǔ)，該結(jié)構(gòu)還可以轉(zhuǎn)換為賓語(yǔ)從句howIcancareforanimals。當(dāng)“疑問詞＋不定式”結(jié)構(gòu)在句中作賓語(yǔ)時(shí)，通常可以轉(zhuǎn)換為賓語(yǔ)從句。Wedon’tknowhowtousethecamera.＝Wedon’tknowhowwecanusethecamera.我們不知道怎樣使用這個(gè)照相機(jī)。考點(diǎn)8、carefor的用法教材原文...butIwanttolearnmoreabouthowtocareforanimal.······但是我想學(xué)習(xí)更多關(guān)于如何照顧動(dòng)物的知識(shí)。carefor是固定搭配,意為“照顧;非常喜歡”。Shedoesn’tcareforskating.她不喜歡滑冰。Thesickmustbecaredfor.病人應(yīng)被照料。拓展care的延伸carefuladj.小心的carelessadj.粗心的carefullyadv.小心地carelesslyadv.粗心地carefor照顧;喜歡careabout關(guān)心;在意takecare小心;當(dāng)心takecareof照顧;照料考點(diǎn)9、such的用法教材原文Igetsuchastrongfeelingofsatisfactionwhen1seetheanimalsgetbetterandthelookofjoyontheirowners’faces.當(dāng)我看到動(dòng)物們(病情)漸好,看到它們主人臉上的喜悅表情時(shí),我得到一種強(qiáng)烈的滿足感。本句中的suchastrongfeelingofsatisfaction屬于“such+a/an+形容詞＋可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)”的結(jié)構(gòu),表示“如此····的······”,該結(jié)構(gòu)同”so+形容詞＋a/an+可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)”。Sheissuchabeautifulgirl.＝Sheissobeautifulagirl.她是如此漂亮的一個(gè)女孩。辨析so和such的區(qū)別so修飾形容詞或副詞such修飾名詞注意當(dāng)名詞前有many、much、few,little(少)修飾時(shí),要用so,不用suchHeissohonestaboythateveryonelikeshim.＝Heissuchanhonestboythateveryonelikeshim.他是個(gè)如此誠(chéng)實(shí)的男孩,以至于每個(gè)人都喜歡他。Therearesomanypeopleinthesquare.廣場(chǎng)上有如此多的人。考點(diǎn)10、takeafter的用法教材原文Itakeaftermymother.我長(zhǎng)得像我媽媽。takeafter意為“(外貌或行為)像”，相當(dāng)于besimilarto。Mydaughterdoesnottakeaftermeatall.我女兒一點(diǎn)兒都不像我。拓展常見的take短語(yǔ)takedown寫下;拆除takeoff起飛;脫掉takeout切除;獲得takeaway帶走takeup占用takein吸收takeover接管takeback收回考點(diǎn)11、giveaway的用法教材原文Igaveitaway.我把它捐了出去.giveaway是固定搭配,意為“贈(zèng)送;捐贈(zèng)”。它的賓語(yǔ)有兩種情況:如果賓語(yǔ)是名詞該名詞可以位于give和away之間,也可以位于giveaway之后如果賓語(yǔ)是代詞該代詞只能位于give和away之間TheoldmangaveawayhismoneytoProjectHope.＝TheoldmangavehismoneyawaytoProjectHope.那位老人把他的錢捐給了希望工程.Lilyhadanoldbikeandshedecidedtogiveitaway.莉莉有一輛舊的自行車,她決定把它捐出去。拓展常見的“動(dòng)詞＋away”的短語(yǔ)throwaway扔掉;丟棄goaway離開runaway逃跑putaway收起來getaway逃離giveaway捐贈(zèng)stayaway遠(yuǎn)離passaway逝世keepaway離開;不接近takeaway帶走考點(diǎn)12、besimilarto的用法教材原文I’msimilartoher.我與她相像。besimilarto表示“和······相似，和······類似”，similar作形容詞，意為“相似的;類似的”，相當(dāng)于takeafter。Herdressisverysimilartomineincolor.她的連衣裙在顏色上和我的很相似。Thetwobuildingsaresimilaronthewhole.從整體來看,這兩幢樓是相似的?？键c(diǎn)13、setup的用法教材原文I’msureyouknowthatthisgroupwassetuptohelpdisabledpeoplelikeme.我確定你知道這個(gè)團(tuán)體是為了幫助像我一樣的殘疾人而設(shè)立的。setup意為“設(shè)立;建起”。Thecompanywassetuplastyear.這家公司是去年創(chuàng)辦的?？键c(diǎn)14、makeit+adj.(+forsb.)+todosth.教材原文YouhelpedtomakeitpossibleformetohaveLucky.有了你的幫助,我才有可能擁有Lucky。makeit+adj.(+forsb.)+todosth.意為“使(某人)做某事是······的”,其中it是形式賓語(yǔ),真正的賓語(yǔ)是后面的不定式短語(yǔ).類似這種用法的動(dòng)詞還有think,find等。Spaceshipsmakeitpossibletotraveltothemoon.宇宙飛船使去月球旅行成為可能。考點(diǎn)15、difficulty的用法教材原文Mostpeoplewouldneverthinkaboutthis,butmanypeoplehavethesedifficulties.大多數(shù)人永遠(yuǎn)不會(huì)考慮這個(gè),但很多人卻有這些困難。difficulty作名詞,意為“困難;難題”，既可以作可數(shù)名詞，也可以作不可數(shù)名詞，常用詞組是havedifficultyindoingsth.,意為“做某事有困難”,其中介詞in可以省略。Wemuststrugglewithdifficulties.我們必須和困難作斗爭(zhēng)。Ionceaskedhimifhehaddifficulty(in)keepingfivechildreninschool.我曾經(jīng)問過他供五個(gè)孩子上學(xué)是否有困難。拓展同根詞:difficultadj.困難的It’sdifficulttounderstandwhatshe’stalkingabout.聽懂她在講些什么很難。巧記Thetaskwasnotdifficultatall.Wefinisheditwithoutanydifficulty.這個(gè)任務(wù)一點(diǎn)都不難.我們毫無困難地就完成了它。考點(diǎn)16、beexcitedabout的用法教材原文IloveanimalsandIwasexcitedabouttheideaofhavingadog.我愛動(dòng)物,我對(duì)擁有一只狗的想法興奮不已。beexcitedabout是固定搭配,意為“因······而興奮不已”,其中excited作形容詞,意為“感到興奮的”。Wewereexcitedaboutthegoodnews.我們因那則好消息而興奮不已。拓展同根詞excitev.使激動(dòng);使興奮excitedadj.激動(dòng)的;興奮的（常用來修飾人）excitingadj.令人激動(dòng)的;令人興奮的（常用來修飾事或物）excitementn.激動(dòng);興奮Thenewsofthevictoryexcitedeverybody.勝利的消息使每個(gè)人都興奮。Hewasexcitedtohearthenews.他聽到那則消息感到很激動(dòng)。ThefootballmatchwewatchedlastSundaywasveryexciting.我們上個(gè)星期天看的足球賽很令人興奮。Thechildrenshoutedinexcitement.孩子們興奮地大聲喊叫。詞型轉(zhuǎn)換feel(v.)→(n.)feeling“感覺；感觸”satisfy(v.)→(n.)satisfaction→(adj.)satisfied“滿意的”/satisfying“令人滿意的”own(v.)“擁有”→(n.)owner“物主、主人”worry(v.)“擔(dān)心”→(adj.)worried“擔(dān)心的”home(n.)→(adj.)homeless“無家可歸的”break(v.)→(pt.)broke→(adj.)broken“破損的”able(adj.)→(adj.)disabled“有殘疾的”different(adj.)→(n.)difference→(pl.)differencesdifficult(adj.)→(n.)difficulty→(pl.)difficultiesimagine(v.)→(n.)imagination“想象力”kind(adj.)→(n.)kindness“仁慈、善良”train(v.)→(n.)training“訓(xùn)練、培訓(xùn)”fix(v.)→(單三)fixes→(pt.)fixed→(現(xiàn)分)fixingset(v.)→(pt.)set→(現(xiàn)分)settingunderstand(v.)→(pt.)understoodexcite(v.)→(adj.)excited“感到興奮的”（修飾人）→(adj.)exciting“令人興奮的”（修飾物）interest(v.)→(adj.)interested“感興趣的”（修飾人）→(adj.)interesting“有趣的”（修飾物）18.send(v.)“郵寄，發(fā)送”→(pt.)sent短語(yǔ)歸納1.Clean-UpDay清潔日2.anoldpeople’shome養(yǎng)老院3.helpsb.out幫助某人擺脫困境4.usedtodosth過去常常做...5.thelookofjoy快樂的表情6.cleanup打掃干凈7.cheerup(使)變得更高興;振奮8.putup掛起;舉起;張貼9.callupsb.打電話給...;召集..動(dòng)副短語(yǔ)10.putoff(doing)sth.推遲(做)某事11.fixup=repairsth.修理;修補(bǔ);解決12.giveout(=handout)分發(fā);散發(fā)13.giveawaysth.tosb.把某物贈(zèng)給某人14.setup建立;設(shè)立15.giveup(doing)sth.放棄（做）某事16.comeupwith=thinkof=thinkup想出;提出17.makeaplan制訂計(jì)劃18.makesomenotices做些公告牌19.takeaftersb.=looklikesb.=besimilartosb.與某人相像20.disabledpeople=thedisabled殘疾人21.makea(big)difference(to…)（對(duì)...）有（巨大）影響makenodifference(to…)（對(duì)...）沒有影響22.beabletodosth能夠做..23.atthesametime同時(shí)24.lookafter=takecareof=carefor照料,照顧25.homelesspeople無家可歸的人26.cometrue(夢(mèng)想、愿望等）實(shí)現(xiàn)27.answerthetelephone接電話28.afriendofmine=oneofmyfriends我的一個(gè)朋友29.feellucky感到幸運(yùn)goodluck祝你好運(yùn)30.attheageoffour在4歲時(shí)31.raisemoneyfor...為...籌錢/募捐32.needtodosth.需要做某事33.asksb.（not）todosth.要求某人（不要）做34.getsuchastrongfeelingofsatisfaction得到如此強(qiáng)烈的滿足感35.decidetodosth.決定做某事36.helpsb.（to）dosth.幫助某人做某事37.makeitpossibleforsb.todosth.使某人有可能做某事38.beworriedabout=worryabout擔(dān)心...39.inmyfreetime在我空閑的時(shí)間40.aspeciallytraineddog一只經(jīng)過特殊訓(xùn)練的狗41.goonajourney進(jìn)行一次旅行42.travelalone獨(dú)自旅行43.aspecialtraineddog一條經(jīng)過特殊訓(xùn)練的狗考點(diǎn)一、核心單詞填空1．—MayIfishhere?—Sorry,youmustn’t.Lookatthes“NoFishing”!2．Thegirlcouldvinanafter-schoolstudyprogramtoteachkids.3．Whenshefirstwenttouniversity,shefeltverylbecausesheknewnoonethere.4．Youcan’tihowdifficulthislifewasinthepast.5．Heisb.Hecan’tseeanything.6．Hehadagreatiinlearningaboutdifferentculturesandtraditions,sohetraveledtodifferentcountriesandimmersed(沉浸)himselfinthelocalcustoms.7．AfterItalkedtothegirl,Iushecried.8．Whateverdwemeet,weshouldfacethembravely.9．Thegymcanbeusedbybothable-bodiedanddpeople.10．WeallloveJohnbecauseofhisktoeveryone.考點(diǎn)二、重點(diǎn)詞塊填空1．瑪麗不開心。我們?nèi)プ屗吲d起來吧。Maryisunhappy.Let’sgoto.2．請(qǐng)把這些閱讀材料分發(fā)給那些學(xué)生。Pleasethereadingmaterialstothestudents.3．我們不得不把運(yùn)動(dòng)會(huì)推遲到七月底。WehavetooursportsmeetinguntiltheendofJuly.4．昨天他們想出了一個(gè)保持教室干凈整潔的好主意。Theyagoodideaofkeepingtheirclassroomcleanandtidyyesterday.5．如今，人們更關(guān)心食品安全。Nowadays,peoplemorethefoodsafety.6．有的時(shí)候，小事情也能產(chǎn)生影響。Sometimessmallthingscan.7．不久之后，我們學(xué)校將會(huì)建立一個(gè)滑冰俱樂部。Askatingclubwillbeinourschoolsoon.8．修理電腦花了我們信息技術(shù)老師一個(gè)小時(shí)。IttookourITteacheranhourtothecomputer.9．如果你想實(shí)現(xiàn)你的夢(mèng)想，你就必須努力學(xué)習(xí)。Ifyouwanttomakeyourdream,youmuststudyhard.10．弗雷德認(rèn)為他和他爸爸很像。他們都喜歡幫助他人。Fredthinkshehisfather.Theybothlikehelpingothers.考點(diǎn)三、語(yǔ)言點(diǎn)訓(xùn)練1．Thisismy_________house.I’mthe_________ofthehouse.A．owner;owner B．own;owner C．owner;own D．own;own2．—DoesMr.Greenlive________?—Yes.Butsomefriendsoftenvisithim,sohedoesn’tfeel________.A．a(chǎn)lone;lonely B．lonely;alone C．a(chǎn)lone;alone D．lonely;lonely3．I________sleepverywell,butthenIstarteddoingyogaanditreallyhelps.A．didn’tuseto B．usedto C．wasusedto D．wasn’tusedto4．—Karentakes___________hermother.—Yes,sheissimilar___________hermother.A．for;as B．a(chǎn)fter;with C．a(chǎn)fter;to D．a(chǎn)way;from5．Yesterdayourheadteachermadesuchan________speechthatweallfelt________.A．exciting;exciting B．excited;excitedC．exciting;excited D．excited;exciting6．Peopleinthewestmake___________aruletobuyChristmaspresentsfortheirfriends.A．that B．it C．this D．a(chǎn)s7．Howkindyouare!Youalwaysdowhatyoucan________others.A．help B．helping C．helps D．tohelp8．Iusedto______letterstomyparents,butnowIamusedto______Wechat.A．write;use B．writing;using C．writing;use D．write;using9．Willyouplease________thatbigboxforme?It’stooheavy.A．take B．bring C．carry D．keep10．Theyhadtoputoff___________thesportsmeetingbecauseoftheheavyrain.A．have B．tohave C．had D．having考點(diǎn)四、語(yǔ)篇閱讀訓(xùn)練一、完形填空Eight-year-oldChristianMcPhilamyfromMelbourne,Florida,grewhisblondehairforovertwoyears.Althoughsomepeoplelaughedathim,1couldstophimdoingso.Why?WhenChristianwassixyearsold,he2acommercial(廣告)forSt.JudeChildren’sResearchHospital.Inthecommercial,somesickchildrenlosttheirhairandpeople3wigs(假發(fā))tothem.“Iwanttodothat,”saidChristian.Thewordssurprisedhismother.Butsheknewhersonwouldhardly4hismind.Withhismom’sOK,Christianbegangrowinghishair.However,ashishairgrew5andthicker,somejokesstarted.Sometimeshisclassmateslaughedathim.“Youlooklikea6,”theysaid.Hismotherusedtohear“Your‘daughter’issopretty”7shewasoutwithChristian.SometimesthosewordsmadeChristianupset,buthismotheralwaystriedto8himup.Aftertwoyears,Christianreachedhisgoal(目標(biāo))ofgivingawayover10inchesofhair.Andthebighaircut(理發(fā))day9came.AfterChristiangotahaircut,hemailedhishairtoChildrenWithHairLoss.Hesaiditfeltgoodtohaveshorthairagainandhebelieved10childwouldfeelgood,too,becauseofhishair.Whatakindboyhewas!1．A．everything B．a(chǎn)nything C．nothing D．something2．A．saw B．a(chǎn)ccepted C．made D．became3．A．gaveout B．gaveaway C．tiredout D．putaway4．A．train B．understand C．lose D．change5．A．thinner B．shorter C．longer D．cleaner6．A．girl B．boy C．teacher D．student7．A．unless B．though C．before D．when8．A．cheer B．give C．fix D．take9．A．usually B．finally C．quickly D．nearly10．A．a(chǎn)ny B．few C．a(chǎn)nother D．other二、閱讀單選Whoarethehomelesspeople?Homelesspeopleareyoungandoldme