專題04 情態(tài)動詞（知識梳理）

專題04情態(tài)動詞知識梳理ModalVerb知識梳理can/could/beabletocan/could/beableto用法分述can/could的基本形式和用法：could是can的過去式，或作為委婉語用于請求或允許，意為“能……”--Could/CanIhavethetelevisionon?--Yes,you_____________________./No,you_____________________.在疑問句和否定句中表示推測，意為“可能……嗎？”、“不可能”他可能是壞人嗎？他不可能是壞人。_____________________he_____________________abadguy?No,he_____________________abadguy.用于陳述句，表示事情發(fā)生的“理論上的可能性”，意為“會”事故總會發(fā)生。_____________________表示能力，意為“能夠”He_____________________speakEnglishwhenhewasyoung.could作為can的過去時/委婉語，請打勾過去時委婉語表請求或允許_____________________表推測_____________________表可能性_____________________表能力_____________________can/could與beableto的差別：表示能力時，can表示現(xiàn)在、could表示過去；beableto可以用于任何時態(tài)，也可以前加情態(tài)動詞或助動詞，如：willbeableto,havebeenableto,shouldbeableto用于過去時中，could表示“有能力做”而“并不一定做成”；若是“實際得以做成某事”，只能用was/wereableto=managetodosth.司機得以逃生，其他的乘客沒有逃出來。Thedriver_____________________escape,butthepassengersfailedtodoso.Ms.Wangcouldsingwellwhenshewasyoung.Iwasabletopasstheexamination.我通過了考試.（不僅有能力,而且實際上做到了.相當于Isucceededinpassingtheexamination.）Icouldpasstheexamination.我當時有能力通過考試.（有能力,但實際上不一定做得到）can/could與beableto差別總結(jié)can/couldbeableto表請求或允許√_____________________表推測√_____________________表可能性√_____________________表能力√_____________________時態(tài)__________________________________________用于過去時中含義__________________________________________can/could的慣用語：cannothelpdoingsth.情不自禁做某事我情不自禁地笑了。Icannothelp_____________________.cannothelp/choosebutdosth.不得不，只能做某事我不得不告訴她真相。Icannothelp/choosebut_____________________.cannot…too+adj./adv.無論怎樣都不為過，越……越好你越小心越好。Youcannot_____________________too_____________________.cannot…without沒有……就不能Onecannotsucceedwithoutperseverance.沒有_____________________就不能_____________________。couldnot+比較級=最高級--Goforapicnicthisweekend,OK?--Icouldn’tagreemore._____________________★真題試煉★1．（2023·吉林長春·統(tǒng)考中考真題）This_______beAlice’sguitar.Hersisstillinmyhouse.A．should B．can’t C．must D．needn’t2．（2023·遼寧丹東·統(tǒng)考中考真題）—Canyouswiminthisriver?—________.It’stoodangerous.A．Yes,Ican B．No,Ican’t C．Yes,youmay D．No,youneedn’t3．（2023·遼寧·統(tǒng)考中考真題）—IsthisredjacketTony’s?—No,it________behis.Hedoesn’tlikered.A．can’t B．mustn’t C．needn’t D．wouldn’t4．（2023·遼寧撫順·統(tǒng)考中考真題）Thelovelyboy________ridethebikeattheageofsix.A．must B．could C．need D．should5．（2022·遼寧大連·統(tǒng)考中考真題）—Wilson,________youhelpmecarrytheboxupstairs?—Sure,noproblem.A．could B．need C．should D．mightmay/mightmay/might用法分述may/might的基本形式和用法：might是may的過去式，亦可作委婉語表示請求或允許，意為“可以……”--MayIsmokehere?--Yes,you_____________________.--No,you_____________________.表示對事實的不太確定的推測，意為“可能”Thegreatestfoolmayaskmorethanthewisestmancananswer._____________________may放在句首，表示祝愿場景連線：MayGodblessyou!ongrandpa’sbirthdayMayyousucceedinyourcareer!onthegraduationceremonyMayweneverforgeteachother!ontheweddingceremonyMayyoulivelongandprosper!beforethemid-termexamMayyouloveforeverandhavealovelybabysoon!onthefarewelldinnerMaygoodfortunefindyouthisyear!duringtheSpringFestivalmay/might的慣用語：maywelldo理所當然，有足夠的理由＝havegoodreasonto我有足夠理由不去上學。Imaywell_____________________.may/mightaswelldo最好你最好呆在家里。Youmay/mightaswell_____________________.may/mightaswelldoAasdoB與其做B不如做AOnemayaswellnotknowathingatallasknowitbutimperfectly._____________________★真題試煉★6．（2022·四川·統(tǒng)考中考真題）—________Ihelpyou,sir?—Yes,I’dliketotryonthoseblackshoes.A．Will B．Should C．Must D．May7．（2022·統(tǒng)考中考真題）—_______Iuseyourglue?I’mmakingakite.—Noproblem.Hereyouare.A．Should B．Need C．Must D．May8．（2022·遼寧錦州·統(tǒng)考中考真題）—Willplantsgrowonotherplanets?—That________betrue.It’sreallydifficulttopredictthefuture.A．mustn’t B．should C．needn’t D．may9．（2023·山東菏澤·統(tǒng)考中考真題）—Whereareyougoingthissummervacation?—I________gotoZibo,butI’mnotsure.A．must B．needn’t C．might10．（2022·湖南懷化·統(tǒng)考中考真題）—WhoseEnglishbookisthis?—It_______beLily’s,butI’mnotsure.A．might B．can’t C．mustmust/havetomust/haveto用法分述must的基本用法：用于詢問、命令或建議，意為“必須”，mustn’t意為“禁止”--Must/NeedIleavetheofficeafterfiveo’clock?--Yes,you_____________________.--No,you_____________________.用在肯定句中表示較有把握的推測，意為“一定”他現(xiàn)在一定在公司。He_____________________intheofficenow.?Attention?must表對現(xiàn)在的狀態(tài)或現(xiàn)在正發(fā)生的事情的推測時，must后面通常接be(doing)比較：Youmustbesleepingnow.VS.Youmustsleepnow.表猜測用法小結(jié)：對現(xiàn)在（正在進行）對過去肯定句_______________________________________________________________否定句_____________________疑問句_____________________must表示自然規(guī)律或必然結(jié)果，意為“必然”Allmenmustdie._____________________must與haveto的差別：must意為“必須”時，與haveto的意思相同，但：haveto表示客觀條件有所要求，must表示說話者主觀上認為必要他說他們必須努力工作。（主觀上要做這事）Hesaidthatthey_____________________workhard.居民們不得不忍受廣場舞的噪音。Theresidents_____________________standthenoiseofthepublicsquaredancing.只有在間接引語中，must才能表示過去判斷下列句子對錯：Hehadtolookafterhissisteryesterday.（）Hemustlookafterhissisteryesterday.（）Hesaidhemustlookafterhissisterwhentheirparentswereaway.（）Hesaidhehadtolookafterhissisterwhentheirparentswereaway.（）在否定結(jié)構(gòu)中，don'thaveto表示“不必要”，mustn't表示“不允許”你不一定要把此事告訴他。You_____________________tellhimthis.你一定不要把這件事告訴他。You_____________________tellhimthis.表“必須”比較：musthaveto主客觀__________________________________________時態(tài)、人稱、數(shù)的變化__________________________________________用于過去時__________________________________________否定形式含義__________________________________________haveto補充說明：在口語中havegotto亦可表示義務(wù)和需要，與haveto基本同義他現(xiàn)在必須走了。（用havegotto）Hehasgottogo.疑問句：_____________________togo?否定句：He_____________________togo.（用haveto）Hehastogo.疑問句：_____________________togo?否定句：He_____________________togo.★真題試煉★11．（2023·江蘇無錫·統(tǒng)考中考真題）Oh,comeon!________youdoubteverythingIsay?I’mnotathree-year-old!A．Can’t B．Can C．Mustn’t D．Must12．（2023·湖北孝感·統(tǒng)考中考真題）—Howbeautifulthepapercuttingis!Whomadeit?—It________beLinda.She’stheonlyonethatcanmakeitinourclass.A．must B．would C．can D．could13．（2023·山東濱州·統(tǒng)考中考真題）—Thepapercuttingisprettylively.Whomadeit?—It________beMary.Noneofusexceptherisabletodoit.A．can B．must C．need D．might14．（2022·江蘇淮安·統(tǒng)考中考真題）—MissLi.Idon’twanttosaysorrytoDaniel.—I’mafraidyou________.Afterall,youbrokehisglasses.A．may B．haveto C．mustn’t D．needn’t15．（2022·湖北荊州·統(tǒng)考中考真題）—Mike,Ican’tstopplayingcomputergames.—Foryoureyes,mydearfriend,I’mafraidyou________.A．could B．may C．would D．havetoshould/oughttoshould/oughtto用法分述should的基本用法：should表示勸告、建議、命令，意為“應(yīng)當、要”，其同義詞是oughtto/besupposedto，在疑問句中，通常用should代替oughttoYoushoulddoexercises.=You_____________________doexercises.=You_____________________doexercises.用于表達合理的推斷，意為“應(yīng)該”三點到了，足球賽應(yīng)該快要開始了。It’sthreeo’clock.Thefootballgame_____________________soon.用于虛擬語氣，意為“應(yīng)當”I_____________________(that)youfinishyourhomeworkfirst.(should)doIfI_____________________you,Ishouldaccepttheirsuggestion.Nowhehastopayafine.He_____________________havetriedtostealaride.?Attention?shouldhavedone本應(yīng)該做某事（而實際上沒有）shouldn’thavedone本不應(yīng)該做某事（而實際上做了）表示義務(wù)，意為“應(yīng)該做”，且表示一種道義上的責任Ishouldhelphimbecauseheisintrouble.表示驚訝、憂慮、惋惜等情緒，意為“竟會、竟然”Youcan’timaginethatawell-behavedgentlemanshouldbesorudetohisgirlfriend.oughtto的用法：肯定句：Heoughttofinishthetask.一般疑問句：_____________________finishthetask?否定句：He_____________________finishthetask.★真題試煉★16．（2023·湖北武漢·統(tǒng)考中考真題）—Excuseme,butwe________waitinlinetogetonthesubway.—I’msorry.A．might B．would C．could D．should17．（2023·江蘇連云港·統(tǒng)考中考真題）Earthquakescanbeverydangerous.We________learntoprotectourselves.A．might B．should C．could D．would18．（2023·湖北恩施·統(tǒng)考一模）Ifyouwanttobeagreenerman,you________shutoffthelightwhenleavingaroom.A．dare B．oughtto C．would19．（2023·福建寧德·統(tǒng)考二模）—Whoseropeisthis?—It________beTom’s.HeusedthisblueropeintheP.E.classjustnow.A．hadbetter B．oughtto C．usedto20．（2022·江蘇常州·統(tǒng)考中考真題）Toachieveourdream,we________restonwhatwehavedone.A．maynot B．shouldnot C．neednot D．couldnotneedneed用法分述need的基本用法：請在下表內(nèi)填空（dare跟need用法相同）She,need/dare,gotherealone實義動詞 情態(tài)動詞現(xiàn)在She_____________________gotherealone.過去She_____________________gotherealone.否定She_____________________gotherealone.Sheneedn’t/daren’tgotherealone.疑問Doessheneed/daretogotherealone?Need/Dareshegotherealone?sth.needdoing是主動形式表示被動=needtobedone（見被動語態(tài)詳解）花園里的花需要澆水了。Theflowersinthegardenneed_____________________now.★真題試煉★21．（2023·江蘇鎮(zhèn)江·統(tǒng)考中考真題）Thenewappaboutfashionisreallyfreeandyou________paymoneyforit.A．may B．must C．shouldn’t D．needn’t22．（2023·湖北荊州·統(tǒng)考中考真題）—You_______takethesubwaytotheairport,forIcandriveyoutheredirectly.—That’sverykindofyou.A．can’t B．needn’t C．mustn’t D．shouldn’t23．（2022·湖北黃石·統(tǒng)考中考真題）—Mom,mustItidymyroomrightnow?—No,you________.Youcandoitafterbreakfast.A．needn’t B．mustn’t C．can’t D．shouldn’t24．（2022·四川樂山·統(tǒng)考中考真題）—Mustweweartheschoolclothestomorrow,Mr.Wang?—No,you________.OnlyonMondays.TomorrowisTuesday.A．mustn’t B．needn’t C．can’t25．（2023·內(nèi)蒙古興安盟·統(tǒng)考一模）—MustIfinishtheworktoday?—No,you________.Butyou________finishitbeforenextMonday.A．mustn’t;must B．needn’t;need C．mustn’t;could D．needn’t;mustwill/wouldwill/would用法分述表示恭謙的請求、建議等，常用于疑問句，would比will委婉客氣Wouldyoumindmyclosingthewindow?表示意志、愿望和決心Iwillneverdothatagain.表示估計或猜想Itwouldbeabouttenwhenhelefthome.補充說明wouldliketodo=wantto想要，為固定搭配Wouldyoulike…?表示肯定含義的請求勸說時，疑問句中一般用some，而不是any否定結(jié)構(gòu)中用won’t，一般不用wouldn’t,won'tyou是一種委婉語氣。Won'tyousitdown?★真題試煉★26．（2022·河北邯鄲·統(tǒng)考三模）—Mum,I’vesignedforabigboxbySFExpress(順豐快遞).What’sinit?—I’mnotsure.It________beapresentfromyouraunt.A．might B．must C．should D．will27．（2022·云南昆明·統(tǒng)考一模）—CanIparkmycarhere?—No,you________.Lookatthesign.Itsays“Noparking”.A．won’t B．wouldn’t C．needn’t D．mustn’t28．（2022·遼寧葫蘆島·統(tǒng)考二模）—Mom,doyouknowwheremykeysare?Ican’tfindthem.—I’mnotsure.They________beinyourwhitebag.A．shall B．may C．will D．must29．（2022·湖北武漢·武漢外國語學校（武漢實驗外國語學校）?？寄M預(yù)測）Hepushedthedooragainandagain,butitopen.A．wouldn’t B．mustn’t C．shouldn’t D．needn’t30．（2022·山東濟南·統(tǒng)考一模）—Nick,________youliketojoinustothemuseum?—Whynot?Let’sgo.A．can B．could C．would D．mustwouldrather/hadbetter用法分述wouldrather/hadbetter用法分述wouldratherdo寧愿否定：_____________________在做兩者比較用thanwouldratherdoAthandoB=woulddoAratherthandoBIwouldratherwatchTVthangotoseethefilm.=I_____________________TVto_____________________toseethefilm.(prefer)=I_____________________TVratherthan_____________________toseethefilm.(prefer)如果than后面的動詞與前面的一樣，則可以省略：Iwouldratherworkonafarmthaninafactory.如果than后面是句子，要加that引導(dǎo)的從句：Iwouldratherloseadozencherrytreesthanthatyoushouldtellmeonelie.hadbetterdo最好否定：_____________________我們最好在冬天的時候多吃多睡來儲存能量。Wehadbetter_____________________tosaveenergyinwinter.★真題試煉★31．（2023·上?！ひ荒＃℡ouhadbetter________toseeadoctorifyoudon’tfeelwell.A．go B．togo C．going D．gone32．（2022·廣西梧州·統(tǒng)考一模）Wehadbetter_______computergamesforalongtime.A．play B．toplay C．notplay D．nottoplay33．（2022·貴州銅仁·統(tǒng)考三模）—Itseemsthatitisgoingtorain.You’dbetter_______thewindowsopenwhenyougoout.—Thankyou.A．nottoleave B．notleave C．leave D．toleave34．（2022·甘肅隴南·?？寄M預(yù)測）You’dbetter________theTV.It’stimeforsupper.A．nottoturnon B．tonotturnon C．notturnon D．notturningon35．（2022·廣西·統(tǒng)考三模）You’dbetter________toomuchchocolate,oryou’llgetfat.A．eat B．toeat C．nottoeat D．noteat

專題04情態(tài)動詞知識梳理ModalVerb知識梳理can/could/beabletocan/could/beableto用法分述can/could的基本形式和用法：could是can的過去式，或作為委婉語用于請求或允許，意為“能……”--Could/CanIhavethetelevisionon?--Yes,youcan./No,youcan’t.在疑問句和否定句中表示推測，意為“可能……嗎？”、“不可能”他可能是壞人嗎？他不可能是壞人。Can/Couldhebeabadguy?No,hecan’t/couldn’tbeabadguy.用于陳述句，表示事情發(fā)生的“理論上的可能性”，意為“會”事故總會發(fā)生。Accidentscanhappen.表示能力，意為“能夠”Hecouldn’tspeakEnglishwhenhewasyoung.could作為can的過去時/委婉語，請打勾過去時委婉語表請求或允許√表推測√表可能性√表能力√can/could與beableto的差別：表示能力時，can表示現(xiàn)在、could表示過去；beableto可以用于任何時態(tài)，也可以前加情態(tài)動詞或助動詞，如：willbeableto,havebeenableto,shouldbeableto用于過去時中，could表示“有能力做”而“并不一定做成”；若是“實際得以做成某事”，只能用was/wereableto=managetodosth.司機得以逃生，其他的乘客沒有逃出來。Thedriverwasabletoescape,butthepassengersfailedtodoso.Ms.Wangcouldsingwellwhenshewasyoung.Iwasabletopasstheexamination.我通過了考試.（不僅有能力,而且實際上做到了.相當于Isucceededinpassingtheexamination.）Icouldpasstheexamination.我當時有能力通過考試.（有能力,但實際上不一定做得到）can/could與beableto差別總結(jié)can/couldbeableto表請求或允許√×表推測√×表可能性√×表能力√√時態(tài)現(xiàn)在/過去任何時態(tài)用于過去時中含義有能力但不一定做成實際得以做成can/could的慣用語：cannothelpdoingsth.情不自禁做某事我情不自禁地笑了。Icannothelplaughing.cannothelp/choosebutdosth.不得不，只能做某事我不得不告訴她真相。Icannothelp/choosebuttellherthetruth.cannot…too+adj./adv.無論怎樣都不為過，越……越好你越小心越好。Youcannotbetoocareful.cannot…without沒有……就不能Onecannotsucceedwithoutperseverance.沒有堅持就不能成功。couldnot+比較級=最高級--Goforapicnicthisweekend,OK?--Icouldn’tagreemore.我非常同意。★真題試煉★1．（2023·吉林長春·統(tǒng)考中考真題）This_______beAlice’sguitar.Hersisstillinmyhouse.A．should B．can’t C．must D．needn’t2．（2023·遼寧丹東·統(tǒng)考中考真題）—Canyouswiminthisriver?—________.It’stoodangerous.A．Yes,Ican B．No,Ican’t C．Yes,youmay D．No,youneedn’t3．（2023·遼寧·統(tǒng)考中考真題）—IsthisredjacketTony’s?—No,it________behis.Hedoesn’tlikered.A．can’t B．mustn’t C．needn’t D．wouldn’t4．（2023·遼寧撫順·統(tǒng)考中考真題）Thelovelyboy________ridethebikeattheageofsix.A．must B．could C．need D．should5．（2022·遼寧大連·統(tǒng)考中考真題）—Wilson,________youhelpmecarrytheboxupstairs?—Sure,noproblem.A．could B．need C．should D．might1．B【詳解】句意：這不可能是愛麗絲的吉他。她的還在我家里?？疾榍閼B(tài)動詞。should應(yīng)該；can’t不可能；must必須，一定；needn’t不必。根據(jù)“Hersisstillinmyhouse.”可知此處表示語氣強烈的否定推測，用can’t。故選B。2．B【詳解】句意：——你能在這條河里游泳嗎？——不，我不能。太危險了?？疾橐话阋蓡柧涞幕卮稹anyou...的肯定回答為Yes,Ican，否定回答為No,Ican’t。結(jié)合“It’stoodangerous.”可知應(yīng)作否定回答，故選B。3．A【詳解】句意：——這件紅夾克是托尼的嗎？——不，不可能是他的。他不喜歡紅色?？疾榍閼B(tài)動詞。can’t不可能；mustn’t禁止；needn’t不需要；wouldn’t將不。根據(jù)“Hedoesn’tlikered.”可知這件紅夾克不可能是托尼的，表示有把握的否定推測應(yīng)用can’t，故選A。4．B【詳解】句意：那個可愛的男孩在6歲時就會騎自行車了?？疾閯釉~辨析。must必須；could可以；need需要；should應(yīng)該。根據(jù)“attheageofsix”可知該句應(yīng)用情態(tài)動詞could表示“過去的能力”。故選B。5．A【詳解】句意：——威爾遜，你能幫我把箱子搬上樓嗎？——好的，沒問題?？疾閯釉~辨析。could能；need需要；should應(yīng)該；might可以。根據(jù)“Sure,noproblem.”可知，此處是尋求對方幫助，應(yīng)使用委婉語氣，用could。故選A。may/mightmay/might用法分述may/might的基本形式和用法：might是may的過去式，亦可作委婉語表示請求或允許，意為“可以……”--MayIsmokehere?--Yes,youmay/can.--No,youcan’t/mustn’t.表示對事實的不太確定的推測，意為“可能”Thegreatestfoolmayaskmorethanthewisestmancananswer.愚人之問也可能讓智者無言以對。may放在句首，表示祝愿場景連線：MayGodblessyou!ongrandpa’sbirthdayMayyousucceedinyourcareer!onthegraduationceremonyMayweneverforgeteachother!ontheweddingceremonyMayyoulivelongandprosper!beforethemid-termexamMayyouloveforeverandhavealovelybabysoon!onthefarewelldinnerMaygoodfortunefindyouthisyear!duringtheSpringFestivalmay/might的慣用語：maywelldo理所當然，有足夠的理由＝havegoodreasonto我有足夠理由不去上學。Imaywellnotgotoschool.may/mightaswelldo最好你最好呆在家里。Youmay/mightaswellstayathome.may/mightaswelldoAasdoB與其做B不如做AOnemayaswellnotknowathingatallasknowitbutimperfectly.與其一知半解，不如全然不知?！镎骖}試煉★6．（2022·四川·統(tǒng)考中考真題）—________Ihelpyou,sir?—Yes,I’dliketotryonthoseblackshoes.A．Will B．Should C．Must D．May7．（2022·統(tǒng)考中考真題）—_______Iuseyourglue?I’mmakingakite.—Noproblem.Hereyouare.A．Should B．Need C．Must D．May8．（2022·遼寧錦州·統(tǒng)考中考真題）—Willplantsgrowonotherplanets?—That________betrue.It’sreallydifficulttopredictthefuture.A．mustn’t B．should C．needn’t D．may9．（2023·山東菏澤·統(tǒng)考中考真題）—Whereareyougoingthissummervacation?—I________gotoZibo,butI’mnotsure.A．must B．needn’t C．might10．（2022·湖南懷化·統(tǒng)考中考真題）—WhoseEnglishbookisthis?—It_______beLily’s,butI’mnotsure.A．might B．can’t C．must6．D【詳解】句意：——先生，我可以幫助你嗎？——是的，我想試穿那雙黑色的鞋子?？疾榍閼B(tài)動詞辨析。Will將；Should應(yīng)該；Must必須；May可能；（征求同意或表示允許）可以。根據(jù)“Ihelpyou,”可知，此處表示委婉語氣，詢問對方是否需要幫助，應(yīng)填may，故選D。7．D【詳解】句意：——我可以用你的膠水嗎？我在做風箏。——沒問題。給你?？疾榍閼B(tài)動詞。Should應(yīng)該；Need需要；Must必須；May可以。此處表征求他人的同意，應(yīng)用May引導(dǎo)一般疑問句。故選D。8．D【詳解】句意：——植物會在其他星球上生產(chǎn)嗎？——那可能是真的。未來真的很難預(yù)測?？疾榍閼B(tài)動詞。mustn’t不可以，表禁止；should應(yīng)該，應(yīng)當；needn’t不需要；may可能，表推測。根據(jù)“It’sreallydifficulttopredictthefuture”可知，未來很難預(yù)測，因此推測可能是真的。故選D。9．C【詳解】句意：——這個暑假你要去哪里？——我可能去淄博，但我不確定?？疾榍閼B(tài)動詞。must必須；needn’t不需要；might可能。根據(jù)“butI’mnotsure.”可知，此處指可能去淄博，表一種可能的推測。故選C。10．A【詳解】句意：——這是誰的英語書？——可能是莉莉的，但我不確定?？疾榍閼B(tài)動詞。might可能；can’t不可能；must一定；結(jié)合“butI’mnotsure.”可知，此處是一種不確定的推測，應(yīng)用might，故選A。must/havetomust/haveto用法分述must的基本用法：用于詢問、命令或建議，意為“必須”，mustn’t意為“禁止”--Must/NeedIleavetheofficeafterfiveo’clock?--Yes,youmust.--No,youneedn’t.用在肯定句中表示較有把握的推測，意為“一定”他現(xiàn)在一定在公司。Hemustbeintheofficenow.?Attention?must表對現(xiàn)在的狀態(tài)或現(xiàn)在正發(fā)生的事情的推測時，must后面通常接be(doing)比較：Youmustbesleepingnow.VS.Youmustsleepnow.表猜測用法小結(jié)：對現(xiàn)在（正在進行）對過去肯定句must/may/might/could+be/bedoing+havedone否定句can’t/couldn’t/maynot/mightnot疑問句can/couldmust表示自然規(guī)律或必然結(jié)果，意為“必然”Allmenmustdie.人必有一死。must與haveto的差別：must意為“必須”時，與haveto的意思相同，但：haveto表示客觀條件有所要求，must表示說話者主觀上認為必要他說他們必須努力工作。（主觀上要做這事）Hesaidthattheymustworkhard.居民們不得不忍受廣場舞的噪音。Theresidentshavetostandthenoiseofthepublicsquaredancing.只有在間接引語中，must才能表示過去判斷下列句子對錯：Hehadtolookafterhissisteryesterday.（√）Hemustlookafterhissisteryesterday.（×）Hesaidhemustlookafterhissisterwhentheirparentswereaway.（√）Hesaidhehadtolookafterhissisterwhentheirparentswereaway.（√）在否定結(jié)構(gòu)中，don'thaveto表示“不必要”，mustn't表示“不允許”你不一定要把此事告訴他。Youdon’thavetotellhimthis.你一定不要把這件事告訴他。Youmustn’ttellhimthis.表“必須”比較：musthaveto主客觀主觀意志客觀條件時態(tài)、人稱、數(shù)的變化無有have/has/hadto用于過去時不可直接用，可以用于間接引語可直接用否定形式含義mustn’t不允許don’thaveto不必要haveto補充說明：在口語中havegotto亦可表示義務(wù)和需要，與haveto基本同義他現(xiàn)在必須走了。（用havegotto）Hehasgottogo.疑問句：Hashegottogo?否定句：Hehasn’tgottogo.（用haveto）Hehastogo.疑問句：Doeshehavetogo?否定句：Hedoesn’thavetogo.★真題試煉★11．（2023·江蘇無錫·統(tǒng)考中考真題）Oh,comeon!________youdoubteverythingIsay?I’mnotathree-year-old!A．Can’t B．Can C．Mustn’t D．Must12．（2023·湖北孝感·統(tǒng)考中考真題）—Howbeautifulthepapercuttingis!Whomadeit?—It________beLinda.She’stheonlyonethatcanmakeitinourclass.A．must B．would C．can D．could13．（2023·山東濱州·統(tǒng)考中考真題）—Thepapercuttingisprettylively.Whomadeit?—It________beMary.Noneofusexceptherisabletodoit.A．can B．must C．need D．might14．（2022·江蘇淮安·統(tǒng)考中考真題）—MissLi.Idon’twanttosaysorrytoDaniel.—I’mafraidyou________.Afterall,youbrokehisglasses.A．may B．haveto C．mustn’t D．needn’t15．（2022·湖北荊州·統(tǒng)考中考真題）—Mike,Ican’tstopplayingcomputergames.—Foryoureyes,mydearfriend,I’mafraidyou________.A．could B．may C．would D．haveto11．D【詳解】句意：哦，別這樣！你非得要懷疑我所說的一切嗎？我不是三歲小孩！考查情態(tài)動詞的用法。Can’t不能；Can能；Mustn’t禁止；Must偏要，非得。根據(jù)“...youdoubteverythingIsay?I’mnotathree-year-old!”可知，此處是抱怨的語氣，“你非得要懷疑我所說的一切嗎”，用must表示“偏要、非得”。故選D。12．A【詳解】句意：——多么漂亮的剪紙啊！誰做的？——一定是Linda。她是我們班唯一能做剪紙的人?？疾榍閼B(tài)動詞辨析。must一定；would將；can能夠；could可以。根據(jù)“She’stheonlyonethatcanmakeitinourclass”可知，她是唯一一個會做剪紙的人，所以猜測一定是Linda，表示十分有把握的肯定推測用must，故選A。13．B【詳解】句意：——剪紙很生動。是誰做的？——一定是Mary。除了她，我們誰也做不到?？疾榍閼B(tài)動詞。can能；must一定；need需要；might可能。根據(jù)“Noneofusexceptherisabletodoit”可知除了Mary，沒有人能做，所以一定是Mary做的。故選B。14．B【詳解】句意：——李小姐。我不想向丹尼爾道歉。——恐怕你必須這么做。畢竟，你打破碎了他的眼鏡。考查情態(tài)動詞。may可能；haveto必須；mustn’t禁止；needn’t不需要。根據(jù)“Afterall,youbrokehisglasses.”可知對方必須要向丹尼爾道歉，故選B。15．D【詳解】句意：——Mike，我不能停止玩電腦游戲?！獮榱四愕难劬?，我親愛的朋友，我恐怕你不得不停止玩電腦游戲?？疾榍閼B(tài)動詞。could能夠；may可能；would會；haveto不得不。根據(jù)“Foryoureyes”可知為了你的眼睛，你不得不停下來。故選D。should/oughttoshould/oughtto用法分述should的基本用法：should表示勸告、建議、命令，意為“應(yīng)當、要”，其同義詞是oughtto/besupposedto，在疑問句中，通常用should代替oughttoYoushoulddoexercises.=Yououghttodoexercises.=Youaresupposedtodoexercises.用于表達合理的推斷，意為“應(yīng)該”三點到了，足球賽應(yīng)該快要開始了。It’sthreeo’clock.Thefootballgameshouldbeginsoon.用于虛擬語氣，意為“應(yīng)當”Isuggested/advised/urged/ordered(that)youfinishyourhomeworkfirst.(should)doIfIwereyou,Ishouldaccepttheirsuggestion.Nowhehastopayafine.Heshouldn’thavetriedtostealaride.?Attention?shouldhavedone本應(yīng)該做某事（而實際上沒有）shouldn’thavedone本不應(yīng)該做某事（而實際上做了）表示義務(wù)，意為“應(yīng)該做”，且表示一種道義上的責任Ishouldhelphimbecauseheisintrouble.表示驚訝、憂慮、惋惜等情緒，意為“竟會、竟然”Youcan’timaginethatawell-behavedgentlemanshouldbesorudetohisgirlfriend.oughtto的用法：肯定句：Heoughttofinishthetask.一般疑問句：Oughthetofinishthetask?否定句：Heoughtnottofinishthetask.★真題試煉★16．（2023·湖北武漢·統(tǒng)考中考真題）—Excuseme,butwe________waitinlinetogetonthesubway.—I’msorry.A．might B．would C．could D．should17．（2023·江蘇連云港·統(tǒng)考中考真題）Earthquakescanbeverydangerous.We________learntoprotectourselves.A．might B．should C．could D．would18．（2023·湖北恩施·統(tǒng)考一模）Ifyouwanttobeagreenerman,you________shutoffthelightwhenleavingaroom.A．dare B．oughtto C．would19．（2023·福建寧德·統(tǒng)考二模）—Whoseropeisthis?—It________beTom’s.HeusedthisblueropeintheP.E.classjustnow.A．hadbetter B．oughtto C．usedto20．（2022·江蘇常州·統(tǒng)考中考真題）Toachieveourdream,we________restonwhatwehavedone.A．maynot B．shouldnot C．neednot D．couldnot16．D【詳解】句意：——對不起，我們應(yīng)該排隊上地鐵?！液鼙?。考查情態(tài)動詞辨析。might可以；would將；could可以；should應(yīng)該。根據(jù)“butwe…waitinlinetogetonthesubway”可知，應(yīng)該排隊上地鐵，故選D。17．B【詳解】句意：地震可能非常危險。我們應(yīng)該學會保護自己?？疾榍閼B(tài)動詞。might可能；should應(yīng)該；could能；would將。根據(jù)“We...learntoprotectourselves.”可知此處是表示建議，我們應(yīng)該學會保護自己，故選B。18．B【詳解】句意：如果你想成為一個環(huán)保的人，你應(yīng)該在離開房間的時候關(guān)燈?？疾榍閼B(tài)動詞。dare敢；oughtto應(yīng)該；would將要。根據(jù)“Ifyouwanttobeagreenerman,you...shutoffthelightwhenleavingaroom.”可知，離開房間的時候應(yīng)該要把燈關(guān)掉，故選B。19．B【詳解】句意：——這是誰的繩子？——應(yīng)該是湯姆的。他剛才在體育課上用了這根藍色的繩子?？疾榍閼B(tài)動詞和動詞短語辨析。hadbetter最好；oughtto應(yīng)該；usedto過去常常。根據(jù)“HeusedthisblueropeintheP.E.classjustnow.”可知，此處猜測應(yīng)該是Tom的繩子，故選B。20．B【詳解】句意：為了實現(xiàn)我們的夢想，我們不應(yīng)該依靠我們已經(jīng)做了的?？疾閯釉~辨析。maynot也許不；shouldnot不應(yīng)該；neednot不需要；couldnot不能。根據(jù)“Toachieveourdream,we...restonwhatwehavedone.”可知，此處表示建議，不應(yīng)該依靠我們已經(jīng)做了的，故選B。needneed用法分述need的基本用法：請在下表內(nèi)填空（dare跟need用法相同）She,need/dare,gotherealone實義動詞 情態(tài)動詞現(xiàn)在Sheneeds/darestogotherealone.過去Sheneeded/daredtogotherealone.否定Shedoesn’tneed/daretogotherealone.Sheneedn’t/daren’tgotherealone.疑問Doessheneed/daretogotherealone?Need/Dareshegotherealone?sth.needdoing是主動形式表示被動=needtobedone（見被動語態(tài)詳解）花園里的花需要澆水了。Theflowersinthegardenneedwateringnow.★真題試煉★21．（2023·江蘇鎮(zhèn)江·統(tǒng)考中考真題）Thenewappaboutfashionisreallyfreeandyou________paymoneyforit.A．may B．must C．shouldn’t D．needn’t22．（2023·湖北荊州·統(tǒng)考中考真題）—You_______takethesubwaytotheairport,forIcandriveyoutheredirectly.—That’sverykindofyou.A．can’t B．needn’t C．mustn’t D．shouldn’t23．（2022·湖北黃石·統(tǒng)考中考真題）—Mom,mustItidymyroomrightnow?—No,you________.Youcandoitafterbreakfast.A．needn’t B．mustn’t C．can’t D．shouldn’t24．（2022·四川樂山·統(tǒng)考中考真題）—Mustweweartheschoolclothestomorrow,Mr.Wang?—No,you________.OnlyonMondays.TomorrowisTuesday.A．mustn’t B．needn’t C．can’t25．（2023·內(nèi)蒙古興安盟·統(tǒng)考一模）—MustIfinishtheworktoday?—No,you________.Butyou________finishitbeforenextMonday.A．mustn’t;must B．needn’t;need C．mustn’t;could D．needn’t;must21．D【詳解】句意：這款關(guān)于時尚的新應(yīng)用程序真的是免費的，你不需要付費?？疾榍閼B(tài)動詞。may可以；must必須；shouldn’t不應(yīng)該；needn’t不需要。根據(jù)“Thenewappaboutfashionisreallyfree”可知，這款app是免費的，不需要付費。故選D。22．B【詳解】句意：——你不必坐地鐵去機場，因為我可以直接開車送你去?！阏媸翘昧??？疾榍閼B(tài)動詞。can’t不能；needn’t不必；mustn’t禁止；shouldn’t不應(yīng)該。根據(jù)“takethesubwaytotheairport,forIcandriveyoutheredirectly.”可知開車送他去機場，所以不必坐地鐵。故選B。23．A【詳解】句意：——媽媽，我現(xiàn)在必須整理房間嗎？——不，你不需要。你可以在早飯后做。考查情態(tài)動詞。needn’t不需要；mustn’t禁止；can’t不能；shouldn’t不應(yīng)該。根據(jù)英語語法，對于must開頭一般疑問句，若要作否定回答，可用needn’t，不用mustn’t。故選A。24．B【詳解】句意：——王老師，我們明天必須穿校服嗎？——不，你不必。只有星期一需要。明天是星期二。考查情態(tài)動詞。mustn’t禁止；needn’t不必；can’t不可能。must引導(dǎo)的一般疑問句，否定回答用needn’t或don’thaveto，故選B。25．D【詳解】句意：——我今天必須完成這項工作嗎？——不，你不必。但你必須在下周一之前完成它?？疾榍閼B(tài)動詞。mustn’t禁止；must必須；neend’t不必；could能夠。以MustI開頭的一般疑問句，否定回答用No,youneedn’t.再由“Butyou...finishitbeforenextMonday.”可推出下周一之前必須完成。故選D。will/wouldwill/would用法分述表示恭謙的請求、建議等，常用于疑問句，would比will委婉客氣Wouldyoumindmyclosingthewindow?表示意志、愿望和決心Iwillneverdothatagain.表示估計或猜想Itwouldbeabouttenwhenhelefthome.補充說明wouldliketodo=wantto想要，為固定搭配Wouldyoulike…?表示肯定含義的請求勸說時，疑問句中一般用some，而不是any否定結(jié)構(gòu)中用won’t，一般不用wouldn’t,won'tyou是一種委婉語氣。Won'tyousitdown?★真題試煉★26．（2022·河北邯鄲·統(tǒng)考三模）—Mum,I’vesignedforabigboxbySFExpress(順豐快遞).What’sinit?—I’mnotsure.It________beapresentfromyouraunt.A．might B．must C．should D．will27．（2022·云南昆明·統(tǒng)考一模）—CanIparkmycarhere?—No,you________.Lookatthesign.Itsays“Noparking”.A．won’t B．wouldn’t C．needn’t D．mustn’t28．（2022·遼寧葫蘆島·統(tǒng)考二模）—Mom,doyouknowwheremykeysare?Ican’tfindthem.—I’mnotsure.They________beinyourwhitebag.A．shall B．may C．will D．must29．（2022·湖北武漢·武漢外國語學校（武漢實驗外國語學校）?？寄M預(yù)測）Hepushedthedooragainandagain,butitop