四川省名校聯(lián)盟2024-2025學(xué)年高三上學(xué)期12月聯(lián)考英語試卷

四川省名校聯(lián)盟高2022級12月聯(lián)考英語試卷本試卷分為試題卷和答題卡兩部分，其中試題卷共12頁，答題卡共2頁。滿分150分，考試時間120分鐘。第Ⅰ卷（選擇題共95分）第一部分聽力（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）第一節(jié)（共5小題；每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分）聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽完每段對話后，你都有10秒鐘的時間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話僅讀一遍。1．Howwillthespeakersgototheairport?A．Bytaxi.B．Bysubway.C．Bybus.2．Whatdoesthemandotoplaytheviolinbetter?A．Hehasmorepractice.B．Hetakesmorelessons.C．Hehasaviolinofabetterquality.3．Inwhichcitydidthewomanstayforthelongesttime?A．Miami.B．NewYork.C．SanFrancisco.4．WherewasLukelastnight?A．Hewasathome.B．Hewasatschool.C．Hewasinaparty.5．Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?A．Thehomeowner.B．Therent.C．Thejob.第二節(jié)聽下面5段對話或獨白。每段對話或獨白后有幾個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽每段對話或獨白前，你將有時間閱讀各個小題，每小題5秒鐘；聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時間。每段對話或獨白讀兩遍。聽第6段材料，回答第6、7題。6．WhydidAngelinaquitherjob?A．Shehadfoundabetterjob.B．Shewasnotlikelytobepromoted.C．Shecouldn’tgetalongwithhercolleagues.7．HowdoesAngelinasoundintheend?A．Worried.B．Disappointed.C．Motivated.聽第7段材料，回答第8至10題。8．Whatistheman’sproblem?A．Hemightgettheflu.B．Heisn’tgoodatcleaning.C．Hedoesn’tebackhomeontime.9．Whatwillthemandonext?A．Returnabook.B．Writeanovel.C．Takesomemedicine.10．Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A．Husbandandwife.B．Doctorandpatient.C．Roommates.聽第8段材料，回答第11至13題。11．Whatkindofroomdoesthemanwant?A．Adoubleroom.B．Asingleroom.C．Asuite.12．Howmuchwillthemanpayfortheroomintotal?A．$1,200.B．$1,080.C．$1,000.13．Whatisincludedintheroomrate?A．Afreetickettothepark.B．Pickupserviceattheairport.C．Acarridethroughthepark.聽第9段材料，回答第14至16題。14．WhatwasMrs.Hilldoingrightbeforetheflood?A．Shewasdrivingtoheroffice.B．Shewastalkingonthephone.C．Shewasworkingathome.15．WhatenabledMrs.Hilltostaycalminthedisaster?A．Shewasfullyprepared.B．Theflooddidn’tlastlong.C．Herhusbandwasatherside.16．Whatdoesthemanprobablydo?A．Aweatherman.B．Ajournalist.C．Arescueworker.聽第10段材料，回答第17至20題。17．Whatisthespeakerdoing?A．Enjoyingashow.B．Introducingafestival.C．Hostingapetition.18．Whatwillthepetitorsdointhebeginning?A．Gatheratthestands.B．Preparedishes.C．Mourn.19．Howmuchtimewilleachparticipanthaveintotalbeforebeingevaluated?A．40minutes.B．30minutes.C．10minutes.20．Whowillreceivesomecashthroughthepetition?A．Thefirstplacewinner.B．Thesecondplacewinner.C．Thethirdplacewinner.第二部分閱讀（共兩節(jié)，滿分50分）第一節(jié)（共15小題：每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出最佳選項。AAMAZONCHARTSAtomicHabits:AnEasy&ProvenWaytoBuildGoodHabits&BreakBadOnes$14.99JamesClear(Author,Narrator)ThenumberoneNewYorkTimesbestseller.Overonemillioncopiessold!TinyChanges,RemarkableResults.Whateveryourgoals,AtomicHabitsoffersaprovenframeworkforimprovingeveryday.Learnhowto:●Maketimefornewhabits.●Overealackofmotivationandwillpower.●Designyourenvironmenttomakesuccesseasier.LonelyPlanetSwitzerland$19.94NicolaWilliams(Author)plusotherfiveNationalmostpopulartravelguide.LonelyPlanet’slocaltravelexpertsrevealallyouneedtoknowtoplanthetripofalifetimetoSwitzerland.Createatripthat’suniquelyyoursandgettotheheartofthisextraordinarycountrywiththisbook.●Ourclassicguidebookformatprovidesyouwiththemostprehensivelevelofinformationforplanningmultiweektrips.●GetfreshtakesonmustvisitsightsincludingtheFirstCliffWalkatGrindelwald.●SpecialfeaturesonhikingtheAletsch.FromHeretotheGreatUnknown:AMemoir$18.60LisaMariePresley(Author)Nationalbestseller.LisaMariePresleytellsherwholestoryforthefirsttimeinthisraw,riveting,oneofakindmemoirfaithfullypletedbyherdaughter,RileyKeough.ThisextraordinarybookiswritteninbothLisaMarie’sandRiley’svoices,amotheranddaughtermunicating—fromthisworldtotheonebeyond—astheytrytohealeachother.Profoundlymovinganddeeplyrevealing,itisabooklikenoother—thelastwordsoftheonlychildofanAmericanicon.PleaselogonourwebsiteAmazonformoreinformationanddiscountsaboutthebooks.1.WhomightfindAtomicHabitshelpful?A.Tomaswantingtobetterhikingskills. B.Harleyupsetbyhisseriouslyillmother.CJohnplanningafamilyweekendgetaway. D.Catherineeagertoquitnetworkaddiction.2.WhichofthefollowingcanbestdescribeLonelyPlanetSwitzerland?A.Usefulandpractical. B.Engagingandinsightful.C.Fictionalandentertaining. D.Informativeandacademic.3.Whatdoesthepassageserveas?A.Anotice. B.Anadvertisement. C.Aguidance. D.Anintroduction.【答案】1.D2.A3.B【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文為一篇應(yīng)用文，主要介紹了三本暢銷書籍。【1題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)AtomicHabits:AnEasy&ProvenWaytoBuildGoodHabits&BreakBadOnes中關(guān)鍵信息“Learnhowto:Overealackofmotivationandwillpower.(學(xué)習如何：克服缺乏動力和意志力的問題)”可知，AtomicHabits幫助人如何克服缺乏動力和意志力，打破壞習慣，建立好習慣，因此，渴望戒除網(wǎng)癮的凱瑟琳可能會覺得這本書有用。故選D?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)LonelyPlanetSwitzerland中“LonelyPlanet’slocaltravelexpertsrevealallyouneedtoknowtoplanthetripofalifetimetoSwitzerland.(《孤獨星球·瑞士》的當?shù)芈糜螌＜覟槟憬沂玖嗽谌鹗坑媱澮簧盟枰赖囊磺?”及“Ourclassicguidebookformatprovidesyouwiththemostprehensivelevelofinformationforplanningmultiweektrips.(我們的經(jīng)典指南格式為您提供最全面的信息，以計劃多周的旅行)”可知，《孤獨星球·瑞士》能提供旅行需要的全面信息，所以是有用和實用的。故選A?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。本文介紹了三本書籍信息，包括內(nèi)容，價格，作者等，再結(jié)合最后一段“PleaselogonourwebsiteAmazonformoreinformationanddiscountsaboutthebooks.(請登錄我們的網(wǎng)站Amazon了解更多的信息和關(guān)于書籍的折扣)”可知，本文為亞馬遜網(wǎng)站的廣告。故選B。BIwritethisonaspringmorning,inthevanIhavecalledhomefortwoyearsnow.Fromonesmallwindow,IhaveaviewofjoggerspoundingthesunnypathbytheOxfordCanal,andtheotherlooksontothebusyrailwaylinealongwhichtrainstravelfromSouthamptonDockstoBirmingham.ThewoodswhereI’veparkedmyvanhavegrownupbetweenthem.Thisancientvan,avehicledesignedforfreedomandtheopenroad,hasprovedastablesolutionforsurvivingthecurrenthousingcrisis.Ibecameatravelwriteraftermystudiesended,mittingtobrief“residencies”withmuseumsandartcentres—wheretemporaryacmodationisoftenprovidedinexchangeforproducingnewworkaboutamunity.Overtheyearsthatfollowed,livingandworkingonlocationinthepolarregionsorScandinaviaortheAlps,notsettlingdownforverylong,meantwhereverIlandedwasalways“home”.Ittakesasurprisingamountofworktokeepatinyhomeinorder:buyingausedvanonline;ensuringthesmoothrunningofagascookerandcarbatteries;fetchingwaterandemptyingthemobiletoilet.Ibegantoenjoytakingcareofmyimmediatesurroundings.OverthesummerIworkedtoturnwildernessintoawildgarden,replacingweedswithwildplants.Imadefriendswiththeselfsufficientboaterslivingnearby,alwaysreadytoshareknowledgeonthelowcarbonsimplicityoflifewithoutelectricity.I’velearntthatfortcanbefoundawayfromthebrightinfrastructureofurbanlife:inwatchingthebirdsthatnestinthetreeandthefoxesplayinginthewoodsatdawn,inmakingacupofcoffeeonaspringmorning.Mystepawayfromconventionalhousinghasbeenanecessaryactofpersonaleconomy,butthebenefitsincludetakingnothingforgranted,andunexpecteddelight.4.Whydidtheauthorchoosetoliveinthevan?A.Todesignvehicles. B.Togetclosetonature.C.Tobeeatravelwriter. D.Toeasepersonalfinancialpressure.5.Whatdoestheauthorthinkofmakingatinyhomeproperlyorganized?A.Costly. B.Risky. C.Demanding. D.Boring.6.Whatcanweknowaboutthelocalboaters?A.Theyliveinharmonywithanimals. B.Theymayadvocatelivingwithless.C.Theyareexpertatinteractingwithpeople. D.Theyfeelfortablelivinginthemountain.7.Whichcanbestdescribetheauthor’sexperience?A.Lookbeforeyouleap. B.It’snousecryingoverspiltmilk.C.Heknowsmostwhospeaksleast. D.Everydisadvantagehasitsadvantage.【答案】4.D5.C6.B7.D【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文為一篇記敘文。講述了作者作為旅行作家以面包車為家的體驗和感受?！?題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第三段“Thisancientvan,avehicledesignedforfreedomandtheopenroad,hasprovedastablesolutionforsurvivingthecurrenthousingcrisis.(這種古老的貨車，一種為自由和開放道路而設(shè)計的車輛，被證明是在當前的住房危機中生存下來的一個穩(wěn)定的解決方案)”可知，作者選擇住在貨車里是為了緩解個人經(jīng)濟壓力。故選D?！?題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第五段“Ittakesasurprisingamountofworktokeepatinyhomeinorder:buyingausedvanonline;ensuringthesmoothrunningofagascookerandcarbatteries;fetchingwaterandemptyingthemobiletoilet.Ibegantoenjoytakingcareofmyimmediatesurroundings.Overthesummer,Iworkedtoturnwildernessintoawildgarden,replacingweedswithwildplants.(要把一個小小的家打理得井井有條，工作量驚人：在網(wǎng)上買一輛二手貨車；確保煤氣灶和汽車電池順利運轉(zhuǎn)；打水和排空移動廁所。我開始喜歡照顧我周圍的環(huán)境。整個夏天，我努力把荒野變成一個野生花園，用野生植物取代雜草)”可知，作者認為妥善安排一個小型家庭讓其井井有條需要很多工作，要求很高。故選C?！?題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章倒數(shù)第二段“Imadefriendswiththeselfsufficientboaterslivingnearby,alwaysreadytoshareknowledgeonthelowcarbonsimplicityoflifewithoutelectricity.I’velearntthatfortcanbefoundawayfromthebrightinfrastructureofurbanlife:inwatchingthebirdsthatnestinthetreeandthefoxesplayinginthewoodsatdawn,inmakingacupofcoffeeonaspringmorning.(我與附近的自給自足的船民交上了朋友，他們總是樂于分享在沒有電力的情況下過著低碳簡樸生活的知識。我明白了，舒適感可以在遠離城市亮麗的基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施的地方找到：比如在清晨觀察棲息在樹上的鳥兒和在樹林里嬉戲的狐貍，比如在一個春天的早晨煮一杯咖啡)”可知，當?shù)氐拇癯珜?dǎo)簡單生活，減少物質(zhì)依賴。故選B。【7題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章最后一段“Mystepawayfromconventionalhousinghasbeenanecessaryactofpersonaleconomy,butthebenefitsincludetakingnothingforgranted,andunexpecteddelight.(我遠離傳統(tǒng)住房的行為是一種必要的個人經(jīng)濟行為，但其中的益處包括不認為任何事情是理所當然的，以及意想不到的快樂)”可知，作者因為經(jīng)濟危機住在貨車里，但是卻獲得了收獲和快樂，因此，每一個缺點都有它的優(yōu)點，D選項符合作者的經(jīng)歷描述。故選D。CTakecareofyourplants!Theymay“scream”ifyoutreatthembadly.Althoughthisisanexaggeration,plantscanmakesoundswhentheyarestressed,accordingtoarecentpaperpublishedinCell.“Plantsinteractwithinsectsandotheranimalsallthetime,andmanyoftheseorganismsusesoundformunication,soitwouldbeverysuboptimalforplantsnottousesoundatall,”LilachHadany,coauthorofthestudy,toldScienceFocus.Withthisinmind,theresearchteamstartedbyrecordingplants’sounds.Theyplacedtobaccoandtomatoplantsinsoundproofboxestoshutoffthenoiseintheenvironment.Severalultrasonicmicrophoneswerethenputneartheplants,whichcanrecordatfrequenciesbetween20and250kilohertz.Themaximumfrequencythatahumanadult’searcanhearisabout16kilohertz.Therewerethreegroupsofplants:Onegroupwasn’twateredforfivedays,anothergrouphadthestemscutoffandthelastgroupwasuntouched.Themicrophonescaughtsoundsatafrequencyof40to80kilohertzfromthefirsttwogroups.Thesound,whichwassimilartothenoiseofpopcornpoppingwhen“translated”intoafrequencyhumanscanhear,grewlouderandlouderduringthefivedaysofwaterstress.Theythenbegantodeclineastheplantsdriedout.Theresearchersfoundthatastressedplantproducedthepoppingsoundaround30to50timesperhour,whiletheuntouchedgrouponlyproducedaroundonceperhour,accordingtothestudy.Theresearchershaven’tyetdiscoveredhowthesoundsaremade.Onetheoryisthattheycouldbemadeduringcavitation(氣穴現(xiàn)象),whichisaprocessofanairbubbleintheplantcollapsingundersomekindofpressure.Aftertheexperiment,theteamgatheredthedataonstressedplantsandthenmademachinelearningsoftwarethatcouldtellhowplants“feel”.Itcoulddifferentiatebetweenunstressedplants,thirstyplantsandcutplants,whichcanbeusefulforfarmersinmonitoringtheconditionsoftheircrops.8.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“suboptimal”meaninthefirstparagraph?A.Unfavorable. B.Accessible. C.Reasonable. D.Doubtful.9.Whatcanweknowfromparagraph3?A.Driedplantsmakeloudersound.B.Untouchedplantswon’tproducesound.C.Themorestressedplantscrywithhigherfrequency.D.Plants’soundissimilartothenoiseofpopcornpopping.10.Howdidtheresearchersgetthefindings?A.Reference—modeling—conclusion. B.Reference—consulting—conclusion.C.Assumption—analyzing—conclusion. D.Assumption—experimenting—conclusion.11.Whatisthesignificanceoftheresearch?A.Relievingplants’pressure. B.Regulatingcrops’state.C.Classifyingplantspecies. D.Increasingcropproduction.【答案】8.A9.C10.D11.B【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是說明文。文章主要介紹了關(guān)于植物在受到壓力時會發(fā)出聲音的研究發(fā)現(xiàn)。8題詳解】詞句猜測題。根據(jù)前文“Plantsinteractwithinsectsandotheranimalsallthetime,andmanyoftheseorganismsusesoundformunication(植物一直與昆蟲和其他動物相互作用，其中許多生物使用聲音進行交流)”可知，植物一直與其他動物相互作用，而其中許多生物使用聲音進行交流，所以植物根本不使用聲音是非常不理想的，推知suboptimal應(yīng)是“不理想的”和A項意思相近。故選A項?！?題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“Theresearchersfoundthatastressedplantproducedthepoppingsoundaround30to50timesperhour,whiletheuntouchedgrouponlyproducedaroundonceperhour,accordingtothestudy.(研究人員發(fā)現(xiàn)，受壓力的植物每小時會發(fā)出30到50次的爆裂聲，而未受壓力的植物每小時只會發(fā)出一次)”可知，壓力越大的植物哭的頻率越高。故選C項?！?0題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段““Plantsinteractwithinsectsandotheranimalsallthetime,andmanyoftheseorganismsusesoundformunication,soitwouldbeverysuboptimalforplantsnottousesoundatall,”LilachHadany,coauthorofthestudy,toldScienceFocus.(“植物一直與昆蟲和其他動物相互作用，其中許多生物使用聲音進行交流，所以植物根本不使用聲音是非常不理想的，”該研究的合著者LilachHadany告訴ScienceFocus)”可知，研究人員先提出假設(shè)，根據(jù)第二段“Withthisinmind,theresearchteamstartedbyrecordingplants’sounds.(考慮到這一點，研究小組從記錄植物的聲音開始)”以及第三段內(nèi)容可知，研究人員開始實驗證明，根據(jù)第三段“Theresearchersfoundthatastressedplantproducedthepoppingsoundaround30to50timesperhour,whiletheuntouchedgrouponlyproducedaroundonceperhour,accordingtothestudy.(研究人員發(fā)現(xiàn)，受壓力的植物每小時會發(fā)出30到50次的爆裂聲，而未受壓力的植物每小時只會發(fā)出一次)”可知，最后得出結(jié)論。故選D項?！?1題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“Aftertheexperiment,theteamgatheredthedataonstressedplantsandthenmademachinelearningsoftwarethatcouldtellhowplants“feel”.Itcoulddifferentiatebetweenunstressedplants,thirstyplantsandcutplants,whichcanbeusefulforfarmersinmonitoringtheconditionsoftheircrops.(實驗結(jié)束后，研究小組收集了壓力植物的數(shù)據(jù)，然后制作了機器學(xué)習軟件，可以告訴植物“感覺”如何。它可以區(qū)分未受脅迫的植物、口渴的植物和被割下的植物，這對農(nóng)民監(jiān)測作物的生長狀況很有用)”可知，研究的意義是調(diào)節(jié)作物狀態(tài)。故選B項。DThehumanbrainisapowerfulnaturalputerthathasevolvedovertensofthousandsofyears.Butwhatwouldyougetifyoubinedthisbiologicalputerwitharealone?ResearchersatIndianaUniversityBloomingtonintheUShavelinkedhumanbrainliketissuestoanelectronicchip,whichcanperformsimpleputertasks.Theircreation,namedBrainoware,ispartofagrowingfieldcalledbiologicalputingthatmightonedayoutperformcurrentputers,accordingtoNature.Thebrainliketissuestheresearchersused,alsoknownasbrainorganoids(類器官),weren’tpartofalivingperson’sbrain.Theywere“grown”fromhumanstemcells,whicharecapableofproducingdifferenttypesofcellsandformingbodytissues.Ittooktwomonthsforthestemcellstomatureintoanorganoid.Theresearchersthenplacedoneorganoidontoanelectronicchipwiththousandsofelectrodes(電極).Althoughorganoidsaremuchsimplerandsmallerthananactualbrain,theyactsimilarlytohumanbrains,suchasrespondingtoelectricalsignals,whichiswhatourbraindoesallthetime.Theseresponsesleadtochangesinthebrain,whichfuelourabilitytolearn.TotestBrainoware,theresearchersuseditforvoicerecognitionbytrainingitwith240Japaneserecordingsspokenbyeightspeakers.Theyfoundthattheorganoidreacteddifferentlytowardeachvoice.Withanaccuracyof78percent,itsuccessfullyidentifiedthespeakersbyshowingdifferentneuralactivities.What’sspecialaboutBrainowareisthatresearcherscantakeadvantageoftheorganoid’splexitywithoutunderstandingitscellnetworks,accordingtoDailyMail.Inotherwords,scientistsdon’tneedtoknowexactlyhowtheorganoidworksinordertouseit.Accordingtotheresearchers’workpublishedinDecember,biningorganoidsandelectronicchipscouldincreasethespeedandefficiencyofAIinthefuture.Also,suchmodelscanbeusedtostudyhumanbrains,accordingtoNature.UsingBrainowaretomodelandstudyneurologicaldisorders,suchasAlzheimer’sdisease,isoneexample.Itcouldalsobeusedtotesttheeffectsofdifferenttreatmentsforsuchdiseases.“Thatiswherethepromiseis:usingthesetoonedayhopefullyreplaceanimalmodelsofthebrain,”ArtiAhluwalia,aresearcherinItaly,toldNature.12.What’sthefunctionofthequestioninthefirstparagraph?A.Topresentanargument. B.Tocollectdifferentanswers.C.Tointroducetherelevanttopic. D.Toaddthebackgroundinformation.13.Whatdoweknowabouttheorganoids?A.Theyarepartofbiologicalputing.B.Theyhavetheabilitytoproducevarioustypesofcells.C.Theyneedtwomonthstofullydevelopfromthestemcells.D.Theyaresimilartohumanbrainsbutmuchsimplerandlarger.14.WhatcanBrainowarebeappliedtoaccordingtotheresearch?A.Evaluationoftreatmenteffect. B.Preventionofneurologicaldiseases.C.Researchonhumanandanimalbrains. D.Improvementonartificialintelligence.15.Whatcouldbethebesttitleforthepassage?A.Brainoware:FromMindtoMachineB.ElectronicChips:BiologicalputingC.TheHumanBrain:APowerfulNaturalputerD.BrainOrganoids:FromStemCellstoSmallerBrains【答案】12.C13.C14.D15.A【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是說明文。美國印第安納大學(xué)的研究團隊開發(fā)了一種名為Brainoware的技術(shù)，將類似人腦的組織與電子芯片相結(jié)合，實現(xiàn)了簡單的計算任務(wù)，如聲音識別，為生物計算領(lǐng)域帶來了新進展?！?2題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段“Thehumanbrainisapowerfulnaturalputerthathasevolvedovertensofthousandsofyears.Butwhatwouldyougetifyoubinedthisbiologicalputerwitharealone?(人類的大腦是一臺強大的自然計算機，已經(jīng)進化了數(shù)萬年。但是如果你把這個生物計算機和一個真正的計算機結(jié)合起來，你會得到什么呢？)”以及下文可知，本文主要講述了美國印第安納大學(xué)的研究團隊開發(fā)了一種名為Brainoware的技術(shù)，將類似人腦的組織與電子芯片相結(jié)合，所以本段提問是介紹相關(guān)話題。故選C項?！?3題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“Thebrainliketissuestheresearchersused,alsoknownasbrainorganoids(類器官),weren’tpartofalivingperson’sbrain.Theywere“grown”fromhumanstemcells,whicharecapableofproducingdifferenttypesofcellsandformingbodytissues.(研究人員使用的類腦組織，也被稱為腦類器官，并不是活人大腦的一部分。它們是從人類干細胞中“培養(yǎng)”出來的，這些干細胞能夠產(chǎn)生不同類型的細胞并形成身體組織)”以及第四段“Ittooktwomonthsforthestemcellstomatureintoanorganoid.(干細胞花了兩個月的時間成熟為類器官)”可知，類器官需要兩個月的時間從干細胞完全發(fā)育。故選C項?！?4題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“Accordingtotheresearchers’workpublishedinDecember,biningorganoidsandelectronicchipscouldincreasethespeedandefficiencyofAIinthefuture.(根據(jù)研究人員去年12月發(fā)表的研究成果，將類器官和電子芯片結(jié)合起來，未來可以提高人工智能的速度和效率)”可知，根據(jù)研究，brainware可以應(yīng)用于人工智能的改進。故選D項?！?5題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第二段“ResearchersatIndianaUniversityBloomingtonintheUShavelinkedhumanbrainliketissuestoanelectronicchip,whichcanperformsimpleputertasks.Theircreation,namedBrainoware,ispartofagrowingfieldcalledbiologicalputingthatmightonedayoutperformcurrentputers,accordingtoNature.(國印第安納大學(xué)布盧明頓分校的研究人員將類似人腦的組織與電子芯片連接起來，該芯片可以執(zhí)行簡單的計算機任務(wù)。據(jù)《自然》雜志報道，他們的發(fā)明名為Brainoware，是生物計算這一新興領(lǐng)域的一部分，有朝一日可能會超越目前的計算機)”以及縱觀全文可知，本文主要講述了美國印第安納大學(xué)的研究團隊開發(fā)了一種名為Brainoware的技術(shù)，將類似人腦的組織與電子芯片相結(jié)合，實現(xiàn)了簡單的計算任務(wù)，所以A項“Brainoware:FromMindtoMachine(Brainoware：從思維到機器)”是本文最好的標題。故選A項。第二節(jié)（共5小題：每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項Howtoavoidfallingsunkcostfallacies(繆論)?Asunkcostisanexpensethatcannotberecoveredbyadditionalspendingorinvestment.Theterm“sunkcostfallacy”mightnotsoundfamiliar,butyou’velikelyfallenvictimtoit.Maybeyou’vecontinuedwatchingamovieyoudidn’tlikesimplybecauseyoualreadyboughtaticket.___16___Reflectonyouremotions.Makingsound,logicaldecisionsrequiresselfreflection.Assessyourfeelingsandgoalsandallowthemtoinformyouractions.___17___,themorelikelyyou’llmakedecisionswiththesefactorsinmind.Theselfreflectionprocesshelpsyouunderstandyourdecisionmakingstyleandhowyouweighyouroptions.___18___It’seasytogetcaughtupinemotionsinthepresent.Trytoworkaroundyourcurrentfeelingsbyfocusingonwhichdecisionwillbringyouthemostvaluedowntheroad.Makingaprosandconslistforfuturedecisionscanhelpyouuncoverwhichchoicewillbringmorevaluetoyourlife.SeekobjectiveadviceEvenwhenyoufollowtheabovestepstoweighadecision,youmightneedanoutsideopiniontohelpconfirmyou’renotblindedbyyourownemotions.___19___Expressyourfeelingsandconcerns,andaskthemforhonestfeedback.Attheendoftheday,you’restillhuman.___20___Havingsunkcostsintoaprojectdoesn’tmeanyouhavetogodownwiththeship.It’showyoudebateyouroptionsandrespondthatmatters.A.ThemoreawareyouareB.ThemoreemotionalyouareC.ConfrontyouremotionalattachmentD.EvaluatedecisionsbasedonfuturevalueE.HerearesometipstopreventyourownsunkcostfallaciesF.TryrunningyourideathroughatrustedfamilymemberorfriendG.Mostpeoplearelikelytobeinfluencedbysunkcostfallacies,andthat’sOK【答案】16.E17.A18.D19.F20.G【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是說明文。文章主要介紹了如何避免陷入沉沒成本謬誤，給出了具體的建議和方法?！?6題詳解】設(shè)空位于首段段尾，一般是引出出題的作用，根據(jù)本文標題“Howtoavoidfallingsunkcostfallacies(繆論)?(如何避免沉沒成本謬誤？)”可知，E項“Herearesometipstopreventyourownsunkcostfallacies(這里有一些建議可以防止你自己的沉沒成本謬誤)”點出本文主題，引出下文。故選E項。【17題詳解】根據(jù)前文“Makingsound,logicaldecisionsrequiresselfreflection.Assessyourfeelingsandgoalsandallowthemtoinformyouractions.(做出合理合理的決定需要自我反省。評估你的感受和目標，讓它們指引你的行動)”可知，本段講述需要弄清自己的意識，所以A項“Themoreawareyouare(你意識得越清楚)”符合本段主題，并和后文“themorelikelyyou’llmakedecisionswiththesefactorsinmind.(你就越有可能在做決定時考慮到這些因素)”構(gòu)成固定搭配：themore...,themore...意為“越……就越……”。故選A項。【18題詳解】分析設(shè)空，為本段小標題，根據(jù)后文“It’seasytogetcaughtupinemotionsinthepresent.Trytoworkaroundyourcurrentfeelingsbyfocusingonwhichdecisionwillbringyouthemostvaluedowntheroad.Makingaprosandconslistforfuturedecisionscanhelpyouuncoverwhichchoicewillbringmorevaluetoyourlife.(現(xiàn)在很容易陷入情緒之中。試著繞開你現(xiàn)在的感覺，把注意力集中在哪個決定會給你帶來最大的價值上。為未來的決定做一個利弊清單可以幫助你發(fā)現(xiàn)哪些選擇會給你的生活帶來更多的價值)”可知，本段主要講述為未來的決定做一個利弊清單可以幫助你發(fā)現(xiàn)哪些選擇會給你的生活帶來更多的價值，所以D項“Evaluatedecisionsbasedonfuturevalue(基于未來價值評估決策)”符合本段主題。故選D項。【19題詳解】根據(jù)前文“Evenwhenyoufollowtheabovestepstoweighadecision,youmightneedanoutsideopiniontohelpconfirmyou’renotblindedbyyourownemotions.(即使你按照上面的步驟來權(quán)衡一個決定，你也可能需要一個外界的意見來幫助確認你沒有被自己的情緒蒙蔽)”可知，本段主要講述尋求客觀的建議，所以F項“Tryrunningyourideathroughatrustedfamilymemberorfriend(試著把你的想法告訴你信任的家人或朋友)”符合本段主題，并引出下文“Expressyourfeelingsandconcerns,andaskthemforhonestfeedback.(表達你的感受和擔憂，并要求他們誠實的反饋)”。故選F項?！?0題詳解】根據(jù)前文“Attheendoftheday,you’restillhuman.(說到底，你還是個人類)”，以及后文“Havingsunkcostsintoaprojectdoesn’tmeanyouhavetogodownwiththeship.It’showyoudebateyouroptionsandrespondthatmatters.(在一個項目中投入成本并不意味著你必須隨波逐流。重要的是你如何討論你的選擇和回應(yīng))”可知，此處對前文作總結(jié)，講述沉沒成本不可避免，所以G項“Mostpeoplearelikelytobeinfluencedbysunkcostfallacies,andthat’sOK(大多數(shù)人可能會受到沉沒成本謬論的影響，這沒關(guān)系)”符合本段主題。故選G項。第三部分語言知識運用（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1分，滿分15分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C和D四個選項中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。IwassittingbesideTiminmyartclasswhenMr.Phoenixdeclaredanewassignment.Ingroups,weweretomakeaposter.Wegotdownthenamesofthreeclassmateswe___21___inourgroup.IwasatopallroundstudentandTimwasoneofthefewsociably___22___classmatesintheclass.Sowewoulddeservedlybeinthesamegroup.Thenextday,Mr.Phoenixstartedtocalloutnames.Whenhe___23___groupthree,Tim’snamewascalledtogetherwiththeotherthree.___24___,mynamewasincludedingroupfour:“Romulo,Palacios,Jones,Felipe.”Icouldfeelthetears___25___inmyeyes.HowcouldIfacebeinginthatgroup—theboy___26___speakingEnglish,theonegirlalwayscoveredbyoddlookingskirts,andtheothergirloftenwearingwornoutclothes.Theywereconsideredmisfits(不合群的人)!Iheldbacktearsandexpressedmy___27___.“IwassupposedtobeingroupthreewithTim.”Mr.Phoenixlookedatme___28___.“Iknowyourexpectation,butIwantyoutohaveagoand___29___fromit.”Reluctantly,Ijoinedthegroup.Atfirst,Ifoundmyselfstrugglingto___30___thembecauseofpletelydifferentinterests.Bymidweek,Ifeltmyself___31___thepanyofthem.Romulo___32___hisloveforsoccer,Palaciosshowedmeher___33___forart,andJonesintroducedmetoherinterestinscience.What’smore,our___34___perspectivesontheassignmentaddedafreshdimensiontoourpresentation.Itdawnedonmethatbeinginagroupwithdiverseindividualscanbea___35___experience.21.A.worried B.suspected C.desired D.disliked22.A.wellconducted B.goodtempered C.bigheaded D.absentminded23.A.judged B.announced C.interviewed D.instructed24.A.Hopefully B.Sadly C.Luckily D.Interestingly25.A.well B.drop C.stop D.rest26.A.often B.hardly C.never D.frequently27.A.discontent B.excuse C.tricks D.duties28.A.secretly B.desperately C.gently D.coldly29.A.escape B.suffer C.recover D.benefit30.A.catchupwith B.takecareof C.makeupfor D.fitinwith31.A.refusing B.enjoying C.keeping D.avoiding32.A.voiced B.hid C.quit D.forgot33.A.confusion B.shift C.passion D.excuse34.A.original B.confusing C.ordinary D.unique35.A.plex B.terrible C.rewarding D.painful【答案】21.C22.A23.B24.B25.A26.B27.A28.C29.D30.D31.B32.A33.C34.D35.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是記敘文。文章講述了作者在藝術(shù)課上被分到一個與自己期望不同的小組，起初感到不滿和掙扎，但隨后逐漸發(fā)現(xiàn)這個小組的獨特魅力和價值，最終認識到與不同個體組成的團隊可以帶來豐富和有益的經(jīng)歷。21題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：我們記下了三個我們渴望加入我們小組的同學(xué)的名字。A.worried擔心；B.suspected懷疑；C.desired渴望；D.disliked不喜歡。根據(jù)前文“Ingroups,weweretomakeaposter.”可知，作者全班要被分組制作海報，所以此處應(yīng)是寫下渴望加入我們小組的同學(xué)的名字。故選C項。【22題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：我是一個全能的優(yōu)等學(xué)生，而Tim是班上為數(shù)不多的善于交際的好同學(xué)之一。A.wellconducted有教養(yǎng)的；B.goodtempered脾氣好的；C.bigheaded自負的；D.absentminded心不在焉的。根據(jù)前文“Iwasatopallroundstudent”以及后文“Sowewoulddeservedlybeinthesamegroup.”可知，作者認為自己會和Tim分在一組，所以應(yīng)是認為他和自己一樣是好學(xué)生，所以是有教養(yǎng)的。故選A項?！?3題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：當他宣布第三組時，蒂姆的名字和其他三個人一起被叫到。A.judged判斷；B.announced宣布；C.interviewed采訪；D.instructed指導(dǎo)。根據(jù)前文“Thenextday,Mr.Phoenixstartedtocalloutnames.”可知，Mr.Phoenix開始宣布名單。故選B項?！?4題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：遺憾的是，我的名字被列入了第四組：“Romulo,Palacios,Jones,Felipe.”A.Hopefully充滿希望地；B.Sadly悲傷地；C.Luckily幸運地；D.Interestingly有趣地。根據(jù)后文“Icouldfeelthetears5inmyeyes.”可知，作者流淚了，所以是悲傷的。故選B項?！?5題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：我能感覺到淚水在我的眼眶里打轉(zhuǎn)。A.well溢出；B.drop下降；C.stop停止；D.rest休息。根據(jù)下文“Theywereconsideredmisfits(不合群的人)!”可知，作者被分到和不合群的人一組，所以傷心的流出眼淚。故選A想?！?6題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：我怎么能面對那群人——男孩幾乎不會說英語，一個女孩總是穿著奇形怪狀的裙子，另一個女孩經(jīng)常穿著破舊的衣服。A.often經(jīng)常；B.hardly幾乎不；C.never從不；D.frequently頻繁地。根據(jù)后文“Theywereconsideredmisfits(不合群的人)!”可知，他們都是不合群的人，推知男孩是幾乎不會說英語，符合語境。故選B項。【27題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我忍住眼淚，表達了我的不滿。A.discontent不滿；B.excuse借口；C.tricks詭計；D.duties職責。根據(jù)后文“IwassupposedtobeingroupthreewithTim.”可知，作者向Mr