Unit3UsingLanguage1分層練習(xí)-高二英語（人教版2019選擇性）

Unit3UsingLanguage1分層練習(xí)語言知識一、（2024·高二課時練習(xí)）選詞填空function,theft,guideline,click,rude,false,particular,upset1.Tosendthemessage,simply________onthesendbutton.2.Identity________iswhensomeonestealsyourpersonalinformationsuchasyournameandidentitycardnumber.3.AstheInternetisusedwidelyinoffices,thereisaneedtohave________toavoidrisksintroducedbytheInternet.4.Publishinginformationisoneofthekey________ofasocialnetwork.5.________informationcanbecreatedandspreadeasilythroughtheweb.6.Manypeopledon'tknowhowtoblockvideosorphotosthatmakethem________onsocialmedia.7.Threeoutoffivepeoplewhousesocialmediasayatleastafewtimesamonthsomeoneis________tothem.8.Iwanttosearchfordataata(n)________website.【答案】1.click2.theft3.guidelines4.functions5.False6.upset7.rude8.particular二、（2024·高二課時練習(xí)）完成句子1.

在任何情況下，你都不應(yīng)該借錢給保羅。________________shouldyoulendPaulanymoney.2.

我們必須采取緊急措施來減少該地區(qū)的犯罪。Wemust________________toreducecrimeinthearea.3.

過去二十年來生活方式和飲食的變化導(dǎo)致兒童肥胖癥急劇增加。Changesinlifestyleanddietoverthelasttwentyyears________________asharpincreaseinchildhoodobesity.4.我們冒著破壞該地區(qū)生態(tài)平衡的風(fēng)險。Weriskupsetting________________ofthearea.5.該產(chǎn)品是根據(jù)客戶需求而開發(fā)的。Theproductwasdeveloped________________customerdemand.6.

毫無疑問，我們做了正確的事。________________thatwedidtherightthing.7.

把握當(dāng)下！不要寄希望于明天。______________!Putnotrustintomorrow.8.

然而，事實遠(yuǎn)非如此。However,thisis______________.9.

這位女演員現(xiàn)在致力于為兒童慈善機(jī)構(gòu)工作。Theactressnow______________workingforchildren'scharities.【答案】1.Undernocircumstances2.takeurgentmeasures/steps/action(s)3.havecaused/ledto/resultedin4.theecologicalbalance5.inresponseto6.Thereisnodoubt(atall)7.Seizetheday8.farfromthecase9.dedicatesherselfto/isdedicatedto三、（2024·高二課時練習(xí)）語法填空MondaywouldhavebeenthefirstdayofschoolintheYoungstownCitySchoolDistrict(地區(qū)).But,itwasmovedbackeightdayssothatthedistrictcouldgiveoutnewdevices(設(shè)備),1.________areanimportantpartofthehome2.________(learn)plan.The5,

500deviceshavebeenpaidforwithCARESActfunding,butaddingthetechnologyisstill3.

________(extreme)challenging.JaleynaandTamiaAllenare4.________(excite)tostartschool.TheywerepickingupdevicesonMondaysincestudentswillstarttheschoolyearathome.“Ihavetotellthemtheycan'tuseit5.________fun;it'sforschool,”Latoya,amother,said.ClassesareMondays,Tuesdays,ThursdaysandFridays.Wednesdays6.________(set)asideforstudentenrichment.“Wedon'twantourstudents7.________(sit)infrontoftheputersixhoursaday,fivedaysaweek.That'stoomuch,”saidYoungstownCitySchoolsCEOJustinJennings.Studentsgettokeepthedevices,andthey'llstillbeusedin8.________(educate)whenclassreturnstoschool.At9.________sametime,theYoungstownFoundationandtheYoungstownRotaryaremakingsurethat10.________(family)thatneedtheInternethaveaccesstoit.【答案】1.which2.learning3.extremely4.excited5.for6.areset7.tosit8.education9.the10.families知識應(yīng)用四、（河北省邯鄲市三龍育華中學(xué)20242025學(xué)年高二上學(xué)期第一次月考）閱讀理解AChinesefemalepilothassetarecordinthecountry’sairlineindustryafterflyingasmallplanefor40minutesinBeijing.MiaoXiaohong,oneofChina’ssecondbatch(一批)offemalepilots,controlledtheTecnamP2010planetotakeoff,turn,climb,diveandlandsafelyattheShifosiAirportinPingguDistrictofBeijing.In1956,MiaoXiaohong,whograduatedfromahighschoolinJinan,wonapositioninthesecondbatch.Shegraduatedfromtheflightschoolin1958.Inthefollowingyears,sheflewmanyimportantmissions.In1963,sheacceptedamissiontoairdropmaterialsforthefloodstrickenareasinHebeiProvince.Poorvisibility(能見度)preventedherlocatingthetargetareasasthecloudswereabout100metersabovetheground,butshemanagedtofinishthetask.In1989,sheretiredandstartedherwritingcareer.Whenshecollectedmaterialsforherbooks,shefoundthatmanyagedpilotsinothercountriesstillflew,soshehadtheideaofreturningtothesky.Topreparefortheflight,shewalked3,000stepseverydayandmovedherarmstomeettherequirementsforhighaltitudeflightduringthepasttwomonths.Differentfrompastflightsformissions,thistimehergoalwastoenjoytheflight.Shesaidthatitwasexcitingandfresh.“Seeingtheboundlessblueskyunfoldinfrontofme,Ifeelitisveryopen,”shesaid.ThetrainersaidthatMiaoXiaohongcouldfinish30hoursofflighttogetalicenseforthemercialflight.Shesaid,“Myphysicalconditionisgoodenoughtofinishthe30hourflightbutitisnotsoimportantformetogetsuchalicense.Afterachievingmydreamofreturningtothesky,Ihopetoencourageyoungwomentojointheairlineindustry.I’m82yearsoldandIcanflyagain.You,theyoungpeople,canflyandwillflybetterthanme.”4.WhatcanwelearnaboutMiaoXiaohongfromherairdropmission?A.Shewasaveryluckypilot. B.Shehadexcellentflightskills.C.Shesufferedfrompooreyesight. D.Sheseldomfinishedhardtasks.5.WhatmadeMiaoXiaohonghavetheideaofflyingaplaneattheageof82?A.Herdeeploveforthesky.B.Herwishtosetaflyingrecord.C.Theinfluenceofforeignagedpilots.D.Therequirementsofherbooks.6.WhichofthefollowingcanbestdescribeMiaoXiaohong?A.Strict. B.Stubborn. C.Generous. D.Determined.7.Whatcouldbethebesttitleforthepassage?A.ReturningtotheBlueSky B.ImprovingYourFlightSkillsC.ManagingtoFinishDifficultTasks D.ImprovingYourselftoSetaRecord【答案】4.B5.C6.D7.A【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇記敘文。文章主要介紹了中國女飛行員苗曉紅在航空事業(yè)上的卓越貢獻(xiàn)與晚年重拾飛行夢想的故事。【4題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段的“In1963,sheacceptedamissiontoairdropmaterialsforthefloodstrickenareasinHebeiProvince.Poorvisibility(能見度)preventedherlocatingthetargetareasasthecloudswereabout100metersabovetheground,butshemanagedtofinishthetask.(1963年，她接受了為河北省洪災(zāi)地區(qū)空投物資的任務(wù)。由于云層離地面約100米，能見度低使她無法定位目標(biāo)區(qū)域，但她設(shè)法完成了任務(wù)。)”可知，在1963年的空投任務(wù)中，盡管能見度極低，但苗曉紅仍然成功完成了任務(wù)，這表明她具有出色的飛行技能。故選B?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段的“Whenshecollectedmaterialsforherbooks,shefoundthatmanyagedpilotsinothercountriesstillflew,soshehadtheideaofreturningtothesky.(當(dāng)她為她的書收集材料時，她發(fā)現(xiàn)其他國家的許多老年飛行員仍然在飛行，所以她有了重返天空的想法。)”可知，苗曉紅在收集書籍資料時了解到其他國家的老年飛行員仍在飛行，這激發(fā)了她重返藍(lán)天的想法。故選C?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段的“Topreparefortheflight,shewalked3,000stepseverydayandmovedherarmstomeettherequirementsforhighaltitudeflightduringthepasttwomonths.

(為了準(zhǔn)備飛行，在過去的兩個月里，她每天步行3000步，并移動手臂以滿足高空飛行的要求。)”可知，苗曉紅在高齡時決定重返藍(lán)天，這需要極大的決心和毅力。她不僅堅持鍛煉以達(dá)到高空飛行的要求，還表示飛行是為了享受，而非僅僅完成任務(wù)。她也表達(dá)了鼓勵年輕女性加入航空業(yè)的愿望，顯示了她的堅定意志和對理想的追求。由此可推知，苗曉紅是一個意志力堅強(qiáng)的人。故選D?！?題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段的“AChinesefemalepilothassetarecordinthecountry’sairlineindustryafterflyingasmallplanefor40minutesinBeijing.MiaoXiaohong,oneofChina'ssecondbatch(一批)offemalepilots,controlledtheTecnamP2010planetotakeoff,turn,climb,diveandlandsafelyattheShifosiAirportinPingguDistrictofBeijing.(一名中國女飛行員在北京駕駛一架小型飛機(jī)飛行40分鐘，創(chuàng)造了中國航空業(yè)的紀(jì)錄。中國第二批女飛行員苗曉紅在北京平谷區(qū)石佛寺機(jī)場駕駛TecnamP2010飛機(jī)安全起飛、轉(zhuǎn)彎、爬升、俯沖和降落。)”以及全文可知，文章講述了苗曉紅作為中國第二批女飛行員之一，在退休多年后，受國外老年飛行員的啟發(fā)，重新開始飛行，實現(xiàn)了重返藍(lán)天的夢想。她不僅展現(xiàn)了個人的決心和勇氣，還希望能夠激勵更多的年輕人，尤其是女性，投身航空行業(yè)。所以“重返藍(lán)天”適合作本文的標(biāo)題。故選A。五、（天津市第一百中學(xué)等校聯(lián)考20242025學(xué)年高三上學(xué)期期中）完形填空Duringmyengineering,afewofmyclassmatesandIusedtotravelinthesamebustoourcollege.Graduallywehadthis____31____ofeatingstreetfoodeverydaywhilewaitingforthebusintheevening.Wewereallpoorstudentsthenandusuallyhadless___32___moneybutwestillspentwithoutthinking.Therewasoneclassmate,Askin,whohardlyspentmoneyandalways____33____tellingusnottowastemoney.Iunderstoodhisthoughtbutmyfriendsdidn’t,andstarted____34____andmocking(嘲弄)himandmadehimfeel____35____bygivinghima____36____“Shylock”,themean(吝嗇鬼)miserinShakespeare’splayTheMerchantofVenice.Ireallyfeltbadforhimandoften___37___tothem,“Maybethereisareasonforhimto___38___money.”However,theystillmockedhim.Soatthebeginninghefeltbadbutlaterhedecidednottotakeit____39____.Buttheythoughthewas____40____——eventhoughpeopleweremockinghimstillhedidn’tchange.Howeverlatereveryonechangedtheir____41____ofhim.Itwasonafinedaywhenthedadofoneofmyclassmateswasin____42____conditionandneededtobetakentohospitalimmediately,so_____43_____wasnecessary.Wehadnomoneybutitwasthe“Shylock”whohelpedhim____44____bypayingthehospitalfee.Heoncehelpedoneclassmatewhowas_____45_____testfees.Hegavehimmoneyfromhisscholarship.Allmyremainingfriendswerenotabletoshowtheir____46____tohimbecauseofshamebutIwenttohimandsaidsorryonbehalfofeveryone.Hesaid,“Thanks!There'snoneedto____47____.Wearefriendsbutthereisalways_____48_____betweenus.AnywayI'mmoreinterestedin‘giving’thanspending_____49_____moneynomatterwhatpeople_____50_____me.”31.A.possibility B.habit C.opportunity D.duty32.A.blood B.bank C.seed D.pocket33.A.focusedon B.insistedon C.feltlike D.setabout34.A.teasing B.warning C.tricking D.attacking35.A.bad B.stressful C.hopeless D.terrified36A.message B.lesson C.nickname D.hand37.A.agreed B.wrote C.listened D.explained38.A.save B.manage C.raise D.earn39.A.seriously B.truly C.mistakenly D.calmly40.A.awkward B.cautious C.shameless D.unreliable41.A.favorites B.beliefs C.decisions D.impressions42.A.deadly B.perfect C.stable D.normal43.A.care B.money C.nutrition D.protection44.A.away B.against C.out D.off45.A.strugglingwith B.applyingfor C.charging D.paying46.A.feelings B.secrets C.faces D.connections47.A.swear B.forgive C.blame D.apologize48.A.envy B.profit C.betrayal D.misunderstanding49.A.illegal B.unnecessary C.big D.extra50.A.dependon B.getfamiliarwith C.thinkof D.takeadvantageof【答案】31.B32.D33.B34.A35.A36.C37.D38.A39.A40.C41.D42.A43.B44.C45.A46.C47.D48.D49.B50.C【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇記敘文。文章中作者講述了自己學(xué)生時代的故事。作者和幾個朋友經(jīng)常花錢買街頭小吃，而有一個同學(xué)卻從來不買，被其他同學(xué)恥笑，并戲稱他是夏洛克?？墒呛髞砥渲幸粋€同學(xué)父親住院急需錢時，是這位被嘲笑吝嗇鬼的同學(xué)拿出錢解困，他還幫助過其他經(jīng)濟(jì)困難的同學(xué)。最后，那幾位嘲笑他的同學(xué)真誠道歉。【31題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：漸漸地，我們養(yǎng)成了每天晚上等公交車時吃街邊小吃的習(xí)慣。A.possibility可能性；B.habit習(xí)慣；C.opportunity好機(jī)會；D.duty責(zé)任。根據(jù)后文“eatingstreetfoodeverydaywhilewaitingforthebusintheevening.”可知，他們每天晚上等車時都買路邊攤小吃，已經(jīng)養(yǎng)成習(xí)慣。故選B項?！?2題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：那時我們都是窮學(xué)生，零花錢很少，但我們還是不假思索地花錢。A.blood血液；B.bank銀行；河堤，岸；C.seed種子；D.pocket衣服口袋。根據(jù)前文“Wewereallpoorstudents”可知，這些學(xué)生們沒有收入，只有家長給的很少的一點零花錢。短語pocketmoney意為“零花錢”符合語境。故選D項。【33題詳解】考查動詞短語辨析。句意：有一個同學(xué)，阿斯金，他幾乎不花錢，總是堅持告訴我們不要浪費錢。A.focusedon專注于；B.insistedon堅持要做；C.feltlike覺得想要做；D.setabout開始做。根據(jù)前文“Graduallywehadthis__1__ofeatingstreetfoodeveryday”及“Therewasoneclassmate,Askin,whohardlyspentmoney”可知，作者和那幫朋友每天都花錢買街頭小吃，而阿斯金從不花錢買那種小吃，他認(rèn)為那是在浪費錢，他的理念有可能會使他堅持勸說那些孩子不要亂花錢。短語insistondoing意為“堅持非得要做某事”符合語境。故選B項?！?4題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：我理解他的想法，但我的朋友們不理解，他們開始取笑他，嘲笑他，給他起了一個綽號“夏洛克”，讓他感覺很糟糕，“夏洛克”是莎士比亞戲劇《威尼斯商人》中那個吝嗇鬼。A.teasing取笑；B.warning警告；C.tricking欺騙，戲弄；D.attacking攻擊。根據(jù)后文“mocking(嘲弄)himandmadehimfeel__5__bygivinghima__6_‘Shylock’”可知，這些孩子們對阿斯金的小氣吝嗇是口頭取笑，tease與mock并列符合語境。故選A項?！?5題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：我理解他的想法，但我的朋友們不理解，他們開始取笑他，嘲笑他，給他起了一個綽號“夏洛克”，讓他感覺很糟糕，“夏洛克”是莎士比亞戲劇《威尼斯商人》中那個吝嗇鬼。A.bad糟糕的；B.stressful壓力大的，充滿壓力的；C.hopeless絕望的；D.terrified可怕的。根據(jù)上文“myfriendsdidn’t,andstarted_teasing_andmocking(嘲弄)him”可知，被人取笑小氣肯定心情不好，及下文第九空前“Soatthebeginninghefeltbad”中的bad為原詞復(fù)現(xiàn)。故選A項。【36題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我理解他的想法，但我的朋友們不理解，他們開始取笑他，嘲笑他，給他起了一個綽號“夏洛克”，讓他感覺很糟糕，“夏洛克”是莎士比亞戲劇《威尼斯商人》中那個吝嗇的吝嗇鬼。A.message信息；B.lesson課；教訓(xùn)；C.nickname綽號；D.hand手。根據(jù)下文“‘Shylock’,themean(吝嗇鬼)miserinShakespeare’splayTheMerchantofVenice.”可知，Shylock是那幫同學(xué)給阿斯金取得綽號，用以嘲笑他小氣吝嗇。故選C項?！?7題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：我真的為他感到難過，經(jīng)常向他們解釋說：“也許他存錢是有原因的?！盇.agreed同意；B.wrote寫；C.listened聽；D.explained解釋。根據(jù)上文“Iunderstoodhisthought”及下文“Maybethereisareasonforhimto___8__money.”可知，這是作者向朋友們解釋阿斯金不買小吃一定有自己的原因，不一定是吝嗇，希望他們不要再嘲笑阿斯金。故選D項?！?8題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：我真的為他感到難過，經(jīng)常向他們解釋說：“也許他存錢是有原因的。A.save拯救；節(jié)約，節(jié)省；積攢；B.manage經(jīng)營；管理；設(shè)法；C.raise舉起；撫養(yǎng)；籌集；D.earn賺得；獲得。根據(jù)上文“Therewasoneclassmate,Askin,whohardlyspentmoneyandalways__3__tellingusnottowastemoney.”可知，阿斯金不買街邊小吃是在省錢。故選A項。【39題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：所以一開始他覺得很難過，但后來他決定不把它當(dāng)回事。A.seriously嚴(yán)肅地；嚴(yán)重地；B.truly真實地；真誠地；C.mistakenly錯誤地；D.calmly冷靜地。根據(jù)上文“Soatthebeginninghefeltbadbutlaterhedecidednotto”可知，阿斯金對別人的嘲笑一開始感到難過，但是后來決定不去理會，隨便他們。動詞短語take…seriously意為“認(rèn)真對待，重視”符合語境。故選A項。【40題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：但他們認(rèn)為他無恥——即使人們嘲笑他，他仍然沒有改變。A.awkward尷尬的；難對付的；B.cautious謹(jǐn)慎的；C.shameless不知羞恥的；D.unreliable不可靠的。根據(jù)下文“eventhoughpeopleweremockinghimstillhedidn’tchange”可知，這些同學(xué)認(rèn)為阿斯金知道別人嘲笑他卻還不改，還是這么吝嗇，這是沒有羞恥心的。故選C項。【41題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：然而，后來每個人都改變了對他的印象。A.favorites最愛的事或物；B.beliefs想法；信念；C.decisions決定；D.impressions印象。根據(jù)上文“butmyfriendsdidn’t,andstarted__4__andmocking(嘲弄)himandmadehimfeel__5__bygivinghima__6__‘Shylock’”及下文“Wehadnomoneybutitwasthe“Shylock”whohelpedhim__14__bypayingthehospitalfee.”可知，以前阿斯金給同學(xué)們留下的印象是吝嗇的，而這次他慷慨地替同學(xué)父親交上住院費，這改變了同學(xué)們對他的印象。故選D項。【42題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：那是一個天氣晴朗的日子，我一個同學(xué)的爸爸病情嚴(yán)重，需要立即送往醫(yī)院，所以錢是必要的。A.deadly致命的；B.perfect完美的；C.stable穩(wěn)定的；D.normal正常的。根據(jù)下文“neededtobetakentohospitalimmediately”可知，需要立即被送往醫(yī)院，應(yīng)該是病得很重，有生命危險。故選A項?！?3題詳解】考查詞義辨析。句意：那是一個天氣晴朗的日子，我一個同學(xué)的爸爸病情嚴(yán)重，需要立即送往醫(yī)院，所以錢是必要的。A.care關(guān)心；B.money錢；C.nutrition營養(yǎng)；D.protection保護(hù)。根據(jù)上文“neededtobetakentohospitalimmediately”及下文“Wehadnomoney”可知，去醫(yī)院看病需要錢。故選B項?！?4題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：我們沒有錢，是“夏洛克”幫他付了住院費。A.away離開；B.against違逆；對抗；C.out向外；D.off離開。根據(jù)上文“Itwasonafinedaywhenthedadofoneofmyclassmateswasin__12__conditionandneededtobetakentohospitalimmediately,so__13__wasnecessary”及“Wehadnomoney”可知，這位同學(xué)父親住院，需要錢卻又沒有錢，這是一種困境，動詞短語helpsomebodyout意為“幫助某人擺脫困境”。故選C項?！?5題詳解】考查動詞短語辨析。句意：他曾經(jīng)幫助過一位因考試費用而苦苦掙扎的同學(xué)。A.strugglingwith艱難地掙扎做；B.applyingfor申請；C.charging收費；控告；充電；D.paying支付。根據(jù)下文“Hegavehimmoneyfromhisscholarship.”可知，阿斯金為一位同學(xué)交上考試的費用，由此可知那位同學(xué)交不起錢應(yīng)該是日子很難過。故選A項。【46題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我所有剩下的朋友都因為羞愧而無法在他面前露面，但我去找他，代表大家向他道歉。A.feelings情感；B.secrets秘密；C.faces臉；臉面；D.connections聯(lián)系。根據(jù)下文“becauseofshame”可知，看到阿斯金慷慨助人，那些曾經(jīng)嘲笑他吝嗇的同學(xué)們很羞愧，應(yīng)該是沒有臉面去見他。故選C項。【47題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：沒必要道歉。A.swear發(fā)誓；咒罵；B.forgive原諒；C.blame責(zé)備；D.apologize道歉。根據(jù)上文“Iwenttohimandsaidsorryonbehalfofeveryone.”及下文“Wearefriends”可知，作者代表那些嘲笑他吝嗇的朋友去向阿斯金道歉，這是阿斯金的回應(yīng)，他認(rèn)為沒必要道歉。apologize呼應(yīng)前面“saidsorry”。故選D項?！?8題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我們是朋友，但我們之間總是有誤解。A.envy嫉妒；B.profit利益，利潤；C.betrayal背叛；D.misunderstanding誤解。根據(jù)上文“Wearefriendsbut…”可知，阿斯金認(rèn)為雖然是朋友，但是朋友之間也會有誤解。misunderstanding這里指那些人誤認(rèn)為他吝嗇。故選D項?！?9題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：不管別人怎么看我，我對‘給予’更感興趣，而不是花不必要的錢。A.illegal非法的；B.unnecessary沒必要的；C.big大的；D.extra額外的。根據(jù)上文“Therewasoneclassmate,Askin,whohardlyspentmoneyandalways__3__tellingusnottowastemoney”可知，阿斯金認(rèn)為買那些街邊小吃是在浪費錢是沒必要花的錢，所以這里指阿斯金解釋自己對于花錢買沒必要的東西不感興趣。故選B項。【50題詳解】考查動詞短語辨析。句意：不管別人怎么看我，我對‘給予’更感興趣，而不是花不必要的錢。A.dependon依靠；B.getfamiliarwith熟悉；C.thinkof認(rèn)為；看待；想起；D.takeadvantageof利用。根據(jù)上文“Soatthebeginninghefeltbadbutlaterhedecidednottotakeit__9.__”可知，別人把他看作吝嗇鬼，這里的意思是阿斯金不在乎別人怎么想他，怎么看待他。故選C項。六、（天津市第一百中學(xué)等校聯(lián)考20242025學(xué)年高三上學(xué)期期中）閱讀理解Acrosstherichworld,welleducatedpeopleincreasinglyworklongerthanthelessskilled.Some65%ofAmericanmenaged6274withaprofessionaldegreeareintheworkforce,paredwith32%ofmenwithonlyahighschoolcertificate.Thisgapispartofadeepeningdividebetweenthewelleducatedwelloffandtheunskilledpoor.Rapidtechnologicaladvancehasraisedtheinesofthehighlyskilledwhilesqueezingthoseoftheunskilled.Theconsequences,forindividualsandsociety,areprofound.Theworldisfacinganastonishingriseinthenumberofoldpeople,andtheywilllivelongerthaneverbefore.Overthenext20yearstheglobalpopulationofthoseaged65ormorewillalmostdouble,from600millionto1.1billion.Theexperienceofthe20thcentury,whengreaterlongevity(長壽)translatedintomoreyearsinretirementratherthanmoreyearsatwork,haspersuadedmanyobserversthatthisshiftwillleadtoslowereconomicgrowth,whiletheswellingranksofpensionerswillcreategovernmentbudgetproblems.Butthenotionofasharpdivisionbetweentheworkingyoungandtheidleoldmissesanewtrend,thegrowinggapbetweentheskilledandtheunskilled.Employmentratesarefallingamongyoungerunskilledpeople,whereasolderskilledfolkareworkinglonger.ThedivideismostextremeinAmerica,wherewelleducatedbabyboomers(二戰(zhàn)后生育高峰期出生的美國人)areputtingoffretirementwhilemanylessskilledyoungerpeoplehavedroppedoutoftheworkforce.Policyispartlyresponsible.ManyEuropeangovernmentshaveabandonedpoliciesthatusedtoencouragepeopletoretireearly.Risinglifeexpectancy(預(yù)期壽命),binedwiththereplacementofgenerousdefinedbenefitpensionplanswithlessgenerousdefinedcontributionones,meansthateventhebetteroffmustworklongertohaveafortableretirement.Butthechangingnatureofworkalsoplaysabigrole.Payhasrisensharplyforthehighlyeducated,andthosepeoplecontinuetoreaprichrewardsintooldagebecausethesedaystheeducatedelderlyaremoreproductivethantheprecedinggeneration.Technologicalchangemaywellreinforcethatshift:theskillsthatplementputers,frommanagementknowhowtocreativity,donotnecessarilydeclinewithage.7.Whatishappeningintheworkforceinrichcountries?A.Youngerpeoplearereplacingtheelderly.B.Welleducatedpeopletendtoworklonger.C.Unemploymentratesarerisingyearafteryear.D.Peoplewithnocollegedegreedonoteasilyfindwork.8.Whathashelpeddeepenthedividebetweenthewelloffandthepoor?A.Longerlifeexpectancies.B.Arapidtechnologicaladvance.C.Profoundchangesintheworkforce.D.Agrowingnumberofthewelleducated.9.Whatdomanyobserverspredictinviewoftheexperienceofthe20thcentury?A.Economicgrowthwillslowdown.B.Governmentbudgetswillincrease.C.Morepeoplewilltrytopursuehighereducation.D.Therewillbemorepetitioninthejobmarket.10.WhatistheresultofpolicychangesinEuropeancountries?A.Unskilledworkersmaychoosetoretireearly.B.Morepeoplehavetoreceiveinservice