山東省煙臺(tái)市2024-2025學(xué)年高三上學(xué)期期末學(xué)業(yè)水平考試英語(yǔ)試題（解析版）

高級(jí)中學(xué)名校試卷PAGEPAGE1山東省煙臺(tái)市2024-2025學(xué)年高三上學(xué)期期末學(xué)業(yè)水平考試英語(yǔ)試題第一部分聽(tīng)力（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）第一節(jié)（共5小題；每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分）聽(tīng)下面5段對(duì)話。每段對(duì)話后有一個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽(tīng)完每段對(duì)話后，你都有10秒鐘的時(shí)間來(lái)回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對(duì)話僅讀一遍。1.Whatwillthewomandotohelptheman?A.Joinhiminhistasks.B.Replacehisdamagedhat.C.Protecthimfromsunburn.【答案】C【原文】W:Takethishat—abitofshadewillhelp.M:Oh,thanks—I’mfine.AslongasIhaveenoughwater,Icanworkunderthesunallday.W:Yes,butstill,youshouldguardyourskinfromdamage.2.Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?A.Jobseeking. B.Financialplanning. C.Academicperformance.【答案】B【原文】W:It’sextremelyimportanttostartmakinganinvestment.Evenifyoudon’thaveahigh-payingjob,it’snevertooearlytostartsaving.M:Mom,shouldn’tIjustfocusonstudiesandsports?W:I’mjustsaying,startconsideringsavingfundsforthefuture.3.WhenwillJudy’sswimminglessonstarttoday?A.At4:30p.m. B.At5:00p.m. C.At5:30p.m.【答案】B【原文】M:HiJudy.Doyouwanttoplaybadmintonafterschoolaround4:30p.m.?W:Thatwouldbefun,butI’vegotaswimminglesson.It’susuallyat5:30p.m.,butit’shalfanhourearlierthisafternoon.4.Whatisprobablythewoman’spriority?A.Stayingclosetoherfamily. B.Makingmoremoney. C.Havingmoreexcitement.【答案】C【原文】M:Webothwantedtobeastronautsaschildren,butitseemsimpossibletosubjectmyselftotheriskandtimeawayfromfamily.W:I’dstillratherhaveanadventurouscareer!M:Notme—I’dtakeajobthatmakesalotofmoneyanyday.5.Whatisthewomandoing?A.Givinggeographylessons.B.Takingphotosofthesaltflats.C.Sharingmemoriesfromatrip.【答案】C【原文】W:HerearetheSouthAmericansaltflats—theworld’sflattestland.M:Icanseeyouinthattruck,sweetheart!Doyouhavemorephotos?W:Itooktons.Look,there’swateroverthegroundthatmakesitlooklikeamirror.第二節(jié)（共15小題;每小題1.5分,滿分22.5分）聽(tīng)下面5段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白后有幾個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽(tīng)每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白前，你將有時(shí)間閱讀各個(gè)小題，每小題5秒鐘；聽(tīng)完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時(shí)間。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。聽(tīng)下面一段較長(zhǎng)對(duì)話，回答以下小題。6.Howcanthemanbebestdescribed?A.Heisastrictdivorcedfather.B.He’sabossydirector.C.Heisasuccessfulactor.7.Wheredoesthemanusuallystayduringtheday?A.Athome. B.Athisstudio. C.Inthestreet.【答案】6.C7.A【原文】W:Thanksforacceptingthisinterview.I’mexcitedtoinquireaboutyourlife.M:Well,Ihatetodisappoint.Onthesurface.mylifemightseemwild,butmyday-to-dayroutineisquiteordinary.W:So,howcouldthatbe?Youarethethree-timewinneroftheBestActorAward!Canyouwalkdownthestreetwithoutpeopleapproachingyou?M:Barely.Butduetotheabsenceofanofficeorastudio,Igettospendmytimearoundthehouse.W:So,alotoffamilytime?M:Oh,100%.Withtwoyoungchildren,I’msogladtostaywiththemallday.聽(tīng)下面一段較長(zhǎng)對(duì)話，回答以下小題。8.Whatdoesthewomanaskthemantomake?A.Ashoppinglist.B.Adinnerforthefamily.C.Areservationatarestaurant.9.Whydoesthewomanaskfortheman’shelp?A.Shedoesn’tlikecooking.B.She’sbusyuntiltheevening.C.Sheforgottobuycleaningsupplies.10.Whatwillthemanprobablydonext?A.Tidyupthekitchen. B.Headforhisoffice. C.Getintohiscar.【答案】8.A9.B10.C【原文】W:Peter,beforeyougotothestore,pleasewritedowneverythingweneed.M:Allright.Areyoucookingsomethingtonight?OrshouldImakeareservationtoeatout?W:Let’seatathome.I’llmakericeandchicken,sodon’tforgetthose!Plus,weneedadozeneggs,somenoodles,andplentyofvegetables.Butplease,don’tforgetanything.I’llworklatetilltheeveningandIwon’tbeabletogobackout.M:Don’tworry,I’vegotit.IsthereanythingIcandotohelpyouwithyourwork?W:OhPeter,you’resweet.Butit’sOK.Icantakecareofeverything.Also,grabsomesuppliesforcleaningthehouse.We’realmostoutofthem.M:OK.Alwaysgladtohelp.W:Hereareyourcarkeys.Haveagreatday!聽(tīng)下面一段較長(zhǎng)對(duì)話，回答以下小題。11.Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Coachandathlete. B.Skateboarderandfan. C.Fellowreporters.12.WhatisHuston’smainproblem?A.Hefellwhilecompeting.B.Helostthegameforhisteam.C.Hewashurttoobadlytoriseagain.13.Whatcanweinferaboutthewoman?A.ShefeelshappyaboutHuston’scourage.B.She’sannoyedaboutthedelayedfirstaid.C.Shethinksyoungathletesaremorelikelytowin.【答案】11.C12.A13.A【原文】W:We’vegotagreatgameattheWorldSkateboardingCompetitionhereinSaoPaolo,Brazil.M:Suredo,Jean.Allthebignamesinskateboardingarehere.Alleyesareonourtopthreeleaders.W:Thesefront-runnersareHutson,Cole,andRodriquez—allcompetingforthetitleoftheworld’sbestskater.M:Anddon’tforget.Wehave200participantsthisyear.Amongthemaresomeoftherisingathletesinthesport.W:Greatpoint,Steve.It’strulyanyone’sgame.M:FirstupisHutson—droppingin.Overthefirstjumphegoes,andouch!Hehitstheground—hard!W:Emergencysupportiscomingout.Hopefully,hehasn’tsufferedanybrokenbones.M:He’sbackonhisfeet,thankfully.Itevenlookslikehe’sreadytocontinueskating!Butstill,thataccidentwillaffecthisscoreconsiderably.W:Ladiesandgentlemen,cheersforthisbraveman—please!聽(tīng)下面一段較長(zhǎng)對(duì)話，回答以下小題。14.Whatisprobablytheman’sjob?A.Ahotelreceptionist. B.Ahistoryteacher. C.Atourguide.15.Whyisthewomantravelingcurrently?A.Toattendbusinessmeetings. B.Totakeavacation. C.Tovisitrelatives.16.Whatdothespeakershaveincommon?A.They’recrazyaboutsports.B.They’reinterestedinhistory.C.They’refromthesameregion.17.Wherewillthewomanprobablygofirst?A.Toastadium. B.Toaport. C.Toacafe.【答案】14.A15.B16.B17.C【原文】W:Thanksforcheckingmein.Ijustdroppedoffmybagsandwanttohitthecity.DoyoumindtellingmeaboutBoston-it’smyfirsttimehere.M:Surething.IgrewupinNewEngland,andIknowalotaboutthiscity.WhatbringsyoutoBoston,anyway?W:I’vealwayswantedtovisittheNortheast.Plus,it’sagreatreasontogetawayfromwork.WhatisNewEnglandexactly?M:NewEnglandisthenortheastregionoftheUS.Itcomprisessixstates,allofwhichwereamongthefirststatesestablishedbyBritishsettlers.W:Isee.So,whatwasBoston’srolethen?M:ItwasoneofthefirsttradingportsbetweenEuropeandthenewworld.Then.BostonbecameanimportantplaceforthefightforAmericanindependence.W:Wow,youknowalotaboutthis!M:Ilovestudyinghistory.Theport,theFreedomTrail,andFaneuilHallalltellthishistory.W:Ido,too.Soundslikeaplan!M:Butfirst,I’dwalkthroughNorthEndifIwereyou-you’lllovethatneighborhood’scoffeeshops.W:Great!Whereafter?M:Then,youcanjoinawalkingtourattheport.W:Awesome.M:Also,theCeltics,RedSox,andBruinsareoursportsteams,ifyouwanttocatchagame.W:Well,I’mprettyunfamiliarwiththoseteams,butthehistoricaltourssoundgreat!聽(tīng)下面一段獨(dú)白，回答以下小題。18.WhatisCoco’schildhoodlike?A.Colorful. B.Tough. C.Wealthy.19.WhenwastheChanelfashionbrandestablished?A.In1880. B.In1908. C.In1910.20.Whatisthemaintopicofthetalk?A.ThepersonalityofCocoChanel.B.ThedevelopmentofthebrandChanel.C.TheproductsoftheChanelfashionhouse.【答案】18.B19.C20.B【原文】Inwomen’sfashion,therearefewnamesmorefamousthanCocoChanel.I’vefollowedinherfootstepsandadmiredherworksinceIwasachild.ThisinspirationbroughtmetoworkfortheChanelcompanyandgivesuggestionsonnewlooksandstylesforthebrand.CocoChanel,thefounderoftheChanelfashionhouse,wasborninFranceinthelate1800s.Asayoungdaughterinapoorfamily,Cocosufferedalot.Inherteenageyears,shebegansingingandperformingatconcerthalls.Butaftermeetingawealthymaninthefashionindustry,Cocoleftthisjobandwasintroducedtoalifefullofartandleisure.AftermovingtoParisin1908,shecreatedthefirstdesignsforherfashionlabel.Twoyearslater,sheopenedherfirsthatshop,andtheChanelbrandhadbegun.Thesefirstdesignsarecreditedtohaveformedthemodernfashionstyleforwomenthatwehavetoday.Beforethisshift,women’sfashionwasdesignedbymenandfeaturedmanyrestrictinganduncomfortableitemsofclothing.FromChanel’s“l(fā)ittleblackdress”toitsbeautifuljewelry,Cocoshowedtheworldthatfashionmeansmuchmorethanjustclothing.ToChanel,fashionrepresentsartisticdesignandthebraverytobeyourself.I’meagertocarryonherdreaminthiscompanytoday,andIbelieveeveryonewhowearsourbrandwillfeelthistradition.第二部分閱讀（共兩節(jié)，滿分50分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。AIfyou’reagoodskierseekingpeacefulanduntouchednature,skitouringmaybeyournextstep.Duringaskitouringtastercourse,aqualifiedmountainguidewillexplaintheequipment,techniquesandbasicskillsneededforsafeskiing.ThecourselocationinGrindelwaldisfirst-rankforaneasy,beginnerlevelskitour.RequirementsNopriorskitouringexperienceisneeded,butexperienceofcross-countryskiingisrequired.Ahikingdurationof2hourswithabackpackisnotaproblemforyou.CourseCurriculum●Gettingtoknowyourskitouringequipment●Uphillanddownhillskiingtechniques●PartnerrescuePricesGroupCourse:(4—6participants)$215perpersonPrivateCourse:(1—3participants)$900pergroupScheduleTrainingtourtothe“Chiemattenhubel”2028mThedaystartswithcoffee,routeplanning,andanequipmentcheck.YouwillridetheskiliftuptoFirstandthenskiacrosstowardsGrosseScheidegg.UponreachingStepfihütte,youwillequipyourselfwithyourskinsandbegintheskitour.Alongtheway,youwilllearnbasicskillsforefficientskitouringandenjoythepeacefulmountainatmosphere.Afterashorttheorylessononthepeak,you’llbeginthedownhilljourneybacktoGrindelwald,andtoHotelWetterhornwherewewillfinishthedaywithfeedback.Generalinformation1—2daysbeforeyourtourorcourse,wewillassessweatherandconditionswiththemountainguidetodeterminewhethertooperateornot.Ifwehavetocancelyourtour,youhavetheoptiontorescheduletoanewdate,orreceiveafullrefund.Runningwaterandelectricity.maynotbeavailableeverywhere.21.Whodoesthecoursetarget?A.Beginnersofskiing. B.Professionalskiingathletes.C.Mountainclimbinglovers. D.Skierswithsomeexperience.22.Howmuchwillacouplepayforaprivatecourseatmost?A.$1800. B.$900. C.$600. D.$430.23.Whatactivityisarrangedatthetopofthemountain?A.Equipmentcheckingandfixing. B.Hands-onskiingtraining.C.Conductingatheoreticalcourse. D.Ratingtheweathersituation.【答案】21.D22.B23.C【語(yǔ)篇解讀】這是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章主要介紹了一個(gè)滑雪課程的情況?！?1題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“Nopriorskitouringexperienceisneeded,butexperienceofcross-countryskiingisrequired.(不需要之前的滑雪旅游經(jīng)驗(yàn)，但越野滑雪的經(jīng)驗(yàn)是必需的)”可知，這門課程針對(duì)的是有經(jīng)驗(yàn)的滑雪者。故選D?！?2題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Prices部分中“PrivateCourse:(1—3participants)$900pergroup(私人課程：（1到3人）每組$900)”可知，一對(duì)夫婦上私人課程最多要花900美元。故選B?！?3題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段“Afterashorttheorylessononthepeak,you’llbeginthedownhilljourneybacktoGrindelwald,andtoHotelWetterhornwherewewillfinishthedaywithfeedback.(在山頂上上了一節(jié)簡(jiǎn)短的理論課后，您將開始下山之旅，返回格林德沃，并前往韋特霍恩酒店，在那里我們將以反饋結(jié)束一天的行程)”可知，在山頂安排進(jìn)行理論課。故選C。BInruralKenya,ahistorictransformationisunderwayassmallholderfarmers,traditionallyreliantonage-oldmethodsandstrugglingwithlimitedinformation,nowhugthepotentialofartificialintelligence(AI)toreshapetheirlivelihoods.Selim,aKenyanfarmer,isdrawingonVirtualAgronomist,anAItool,toenhancehiscoffeefarm’sproductivity.Bycommunicatingwiththetool,Selimreceivespersonalizedsuggestionsonharvesttargetsandfertilizer(化肥)application.Thistailoredguidancewascrucial.Butforthat,hewouldhaveusedmuchmorefertilizer.Lastyear,thetoolaidedSeliminachievinghisbestharvestever.BeforeadoptingVirtualAgronomist,Selimwouldsimplyapplyfertilizerusingwhathedescribedas“generalfarmer’sknowledge”,applyingdifferenttypesatdifferenttimesoftheyearwithoutknowingthesoilhealth,leadingtolowproductivity.Sometimeshewouldtakesamplesofhissoilfortestingatdistantlabs,buttheresultswouldtakemonthsorevenwouldn’tarriveatall.Ahugechallengeforfarmersisnotknowingwhattheirsoilneeds.Thestoryissimilarforfarmerstryingtodeterminewhatpests(害蟲)anddiseaseshaveaffectedtheircrops.MusauMutisya,anotherKenyanfarmer,usedtorelyonhisownknowledgetoidentifypestsanddiseases,buthewasn’talwaysaccurate.NowhechoosesPlantVillage,anAI-poweredappthathelpsfarmersidentifythespeciesofpestswhentheyphotographthediseasedplantsandalsoprovidesactionablesolutions.Mutisyasaidhewasdoingguessworkinthepast,endingupusingmoremoneytreatingwhathedidn’tknow.Kenyahasanextensionofficer-to-farmhouseholdratioof1:1093.Farmersarehungryforreal-timeinformationabouttheircropsandAIisagamechanger,whichfillsthegap,affordingthemeasyaccesstoessentialfarmingknowledgeandempoweringthemtomakeinformeddecisions.Despitethepromisingprospectsbroughtbythetwotools,somescientistswarnofdependenceonAItoolsforagriculture.“Heavyrelianceonthemtosetfarmingpracticesmayresultinthelossoflong-heldandtested,nativeagriculturalpractices,”saidWairegi,whohasresearchedtheAIuseinagricultureinAfrica.24.WhichwordbestdescribesSelim’sandMutisya’sprevioussolutionstofarmingissues?A.Inefficient. B.Complicated. C.Innovative. D.Practical.25.WhatcanthetwoAItoolsbothdo?A.Gatheranddistributemarketinformation. B.Keeptrackofthevariationsofthesoil.C.Translatemultiplelanguagesaccurately. D.Judgeplantconditionandofferadvice.26.WhatdoweknowaboutWairegiinthelastparagraph?A.HeproposesusingAIreasonably.B.Headvocatesmeretraditionalfarming.C.HepredictsAIwillloweragriculturaloutput.D.HeisstronglyagainsttheAIuseinagriculture.27.Whichofthefollowingisthebesttitleforthetext?A.ATransformativeShiftinRemoteFarmingB.AIBuildsHopeforKenya’sSustainableFutureC.AIforPlants:KenyanSmallFarmsWelcomeHi-TechToolsD.TwoReliableAITools:VirtualAgronomistandPlantVillage【答案】24.A25.D26.A27.C【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。主要介紹的是人工智能工具如何幫助肯尼亞的小農(nóng)戶提升農(nóng)業(yè)生產(chǎn)力，改善生計(jì)，并探討了這種技術(shù)變革帶來(lái)的挑戰(zhàn)與機(jī)遇?！?4題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段中的“BeforeadoptingVirtualAgronomist,Selimwouldsimplyapplyfertilizerusingwhathedescribedas“generalfarmer’sknowledge”,applyingdifferenttypesatdifferenttimesoftheyearwithoutknowingthesoilhealth,leadingtolowproductivity.(在采用VirtualAgronomist之前，Selim只是使用他所說(shuō)的“普通農(nóng)民的知識(shí)”施肥，在不了解土壤健康的情況下，在一年中的不同時(shí)間施用不同類型的肥料，導(dǎo)致生產(chǎn)力低下。)”和第五段中的“MusauMutisya,anotherKenyanfarmer,usedtorelyonhisownknowledgetoidentifypestsanddiseases,buthewasn’talwaysaccurate.(另一位肯尼亞農(nóng)民MusauMutisya過(guò)去常常依靠自己的知識(shí)來(lái)識(shí)別病蟲害，但他并不總是準(zhǔn)確的。)”可知，Selim和Mutisya之前的方法效率不高，因?yàn)樗麄円蕾囉谝话阈缘闹R(shí)或猜測(cè)，這導(dǎo)致了低效的結(jié)果。故選A項(xiàng)?！?5題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中的“Bycommunicatingwiththetool,Selimreceivespersonalizedsuggestionsonharvesttargetsandfertilizer(化肥)application.Thistailoredguidancewascrucial.(通過(guò)與該工具交流，Selim收到關(guān)于收獲目標(biāo)和肥料應(yīng)用的個(gè)性化建議。這種量身定制的指導(dǎo)至關(guān)重要。)”以及第五段中的“NowhechoosesPlantVillage,anAI-poweredappthathelpsfarmersidentifythespeciesofpestswhentheyphotographthediseasedplantsandalsoprovidesactionablesolutions.(現(xiàn)在，他選擇了PlantVillage，這是一款人工智能應(yīng)用程序，可以幫助農(nóng)民在拍攝患病植物時(shí)識(shí)別害蟲的種類，并提供可行的解決方案。)”可知，VirtualAgronomist為Selim提供了關(guān)于收獲目標(biāo)和化肥應(yīng)用的個(gè)性化建議，而PlantVillage幫助識(shí)別害蟲種類并提供可操作的解決方案，由此可知，兩者都是通過(guò)判斷植物狀況來(lái)提供建議的。故選D項(xiàng)。【26題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)尾段中的““Heavyrelianceonthemtosetfarmingpracticesmayresultinthelossoflong-heldandtested,nativeagriculturalpractices,”saidWairegi,whohasresearchedtheAIuseinagricultureinAfrica.(研究人工智能在非洲農(nóng)業(yè)中的應(yīng)用的Wairegi說(shuō)：“嚴(yán)重依賴它們來(lái)制定農(nóng)業(yè)實(shí)踐可能會(huì)導(dǎo)致長(zhǎng)期持有和經(jīng)過(guò)考驗(yàn)的當(dāng)?shù)剞r(nóng)業(yè)實(shí)踐的喪失?！?”可知，Wairegi認(rèn)為過(guò)度依賴AI工具可能會(huì)導(dǎo)致失去長(zhǎng)期持有的農(nóng)業(yè)實(shí)踐，由此可知，他主張合理地使用AI，而不是完全摒棄傳統(tǒng)做法。故選A項(xiàng)?！?7題詳析】主旨大意題。通讀全文，尤其是首段“InruralKenya,ahistorictransformationisunderwayassmallholderfarmers,traditionallyreliantonage-oldmethodsandstrugglingwithlimitedinformation,nowhugthepotentialofartificialintelligence(AI)toreshapetheirlivelihoods.(在肯尼亞農(nóng)村，一場(chǎng)歷史性的變革正在進(jìn)行，傳統(tǒng)上依賴古老方法、在有限信息下苦苦掙扎的小農(nóng)戶，現(xiàn)在正擁抱人工智能（AI）重塑其生計(jì)的潛力。)”以及下文中介紹的兩款A(yù)I技術(shù)應(yīng)用VirtualAgronomist和PlantVillage來(lái)改善農(nóng)作物的種植的情況可知，文本講述了肯尼亞的小農(nóng)戶開始采用AI技術(shù)來(lái)改善他們的作物生產(chǎn)，所以題目“植物人工智能：肯尼亞小農(nóng)場(chǎng)歡迎高科技工具”與文章內(nèi)容吻合，且概括了文章主題，適合作為最佳標(biāo)題。故選C項(xiàng)。CThefilmMyOctopusTeachertellsthestoryofamanwhogoesdivingdailyintotheunderwaterSouthAfricanseaforestanddevelopsanaffectionaterelationshiptherewithanoctopus(章魚).ThediverandalsothefilmmakerwasCraigFoster,whodelightedmillionsofnaturelovers.Nowinanewbook,Amphibious(兩棲的)Soul:FindingtheWildinaTameWorld,FosterdescribestheentireecosystemoftheGreatAfricanSeaforestattheCapeofGoodHope,andthetransformingroleithasplayedinhissearchforwildness.Asthetitleimplies,Fosterisasmuchathomeintheoceanasheisonland.ThehugecomfortfromthewildholdsirresistibleappealforFoster.BeforehavinganythoughtofMyOctopusTeacher,Fosterwasburnedoutondemandingfilm-makingroutinesthatdeadenedhissenses.Hedivedintothecoldoceanandlocatedreliefthere.Laterthough,afterhugeglobalattentiontotheoctopusfilmandthereforetohim,hesufferedfromseveresleeplessness.Hisbodyandmindbreakingdown,hefeltastrongpulltofindhiswaybacktonature.Foster’sincredibleengagementwithoceancreaturescomesthroughbeautifullyinthisaccount.Heunderscoresthatwecanalldevelopamoreplayfulrelationshipwithnature,whetherthatmeanscollectingfallenleavestouseinourartworkorwatchingsquirrelsperformoutsideourwindow.Adominantideainthebookisthepowerfulconnectiontonaturethatcomeswithtracking.IinitiallythoughtFostermeantlookingonlyforanimaltracks,buthisdefinitioniscomprehensiveandeye-opening:“anyclueleftbyanycreatureorplant”.Runningwateralsomayleaveatrack,orlightninghittingatree.“Seekitout,”Fosterencouragesus.“Juststartsmallandchipaway.”Withhisrevelatoryscientificeyeandwildmind,Foster’swriting,rootedinhislearningfromteachers,animalandhuman,andinawishtoshareandspreadhisjoyinnature,leadstoourdeepreflectiononwhatliesbeneath,unexploredandunseen—bothundertheocean’ssurface,andwithinourownhumannature.28.Whatdoes“AmphibiousSoul”refertoinparagraph2?A.Theseaforestecosystem. B.CraigFoster.C.Oceanconservationists. D.Seacreatures.29.WhatmayhaveattractedFosterbacktothewildaccordingtoparagraph3?A.Theneedtofilmthewild. B.Creativeinspirationsfromnature.C.Nature’srestorativepower. D.Possibleencounterswithnaturefans.30.WhatdoesFostersuggestusinparagraph5?A.Learningtoexplorenaturemarks. B.Fittinginwiththeenvironment.C.Leavingwildlifetracksundisturbed. D.Preservingnaturalresources.31.Whatcanthetextbeclassifiedas?A.Journeyinsights. B.Sci-Fistory.C.Bookcommentary. D.Moviereview.【答案】28.B29.C30.A31.C【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章主要介紹了CraigFoster的新書《AmphibiousSoul:FindingtheWildinaTameWorld》，以及書中關(guān)于人與自然關(guān)系的核心思想和其個(gè)人經(jīng)歷的深刻啟示?！?8題詳析】詞句猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)文章第二段“Asthetitleimplies,Fosterisasmuchathomeintheoceanasheisonland.(正如標(biāo)題所暗示的，F(xiàn)oster在海洋中如同在陸地上一樣自在)”可知，“AmphibiousSoul”指的是CraigFoster，表明他本人的特質(zhì)，在陸地和海洋兩棲之間自由切換。故選B?！?9題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第三段“Hedivedintothecoldoceanandlocatedreliefthere.Laterthough,afterhugeglobalattentiontotheoctopusfilmandthereforetohim,hesufferedfromseveresleeplessness.Hisbodyandmindbreakingdown,hefeltastrongpulltofindhiswaybacktonature.(他潛入冰冷的海洋，從中尋得慰藉。然而，在因全球?qū)φ卖~紀(jì)錄片的高度關(guān)注之后，他失眠嚴(yán)重，身心崩潰。他感到一種強(qiáng)烈的吸引力，促使他重新回到自然界)”可推知，F(xiàn)oster之所以回到自然界，是因?yàn)樽匀痪哂凶屓嘶謴?fù)身心的治愈力量。故選C。【30題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第五段“Runningwateralsomayleaveatrack,orlightninghittingatree.“Seekitout,”Fosterencouragesus.“Juststartsmallandchipaway.”(流水也可能留下痕跡，或者閃電擊中樹木?！皩ふ宜?，F(xiàn)oster鼓勵(lì)我們?！皬男∈麻_始，一點(diǎn)點(diǎn)探索”)”可知，F(xiàn)oster建議我們學(xué)習(xí)探索自然中的痕跡。故選A?！?1題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章整體內(nèi)容，特別是第二段中提到“Nowinanewbook,Amphibious(兩棲的)Soul:FindingtheWildinaTameWorld,FosterdescribestheentireecosystemoftheGreatAfricanSeaforestattheCapeofGoodHope,andthetransformingroleithasplayedinhissearchforwildness(現(xiàn)在，福斯特在他的新書《兩棲的靈魂：在一個(gè)馴服的世界里尋找野生》中描述了好望角非洲大海洋森林的整個(gè)生態(tài)系統(tǒng)，以及它在他尋找野生環(huán)境中所起的轉(zhuǎn)變作用)”以及對(duì)書中觀點(diǎn)與內(nèi)容的深入描述。由此推知，本文是一篇書評(píng)。故選C。DPeoplevaryinhowwelltheydiscriminateandidentifyfoods.Thevariationisexplainedbyageneralabilitytorecognizeobjects.Weresearchersoriginallytheorizedthevariabilitymightalsobeassociatedwithpeople’sattitudetowardnewfoods.Thosewhoendorsestatementslike“IamparticularaboutwhatIeat”havefoodneophobia—refusaloffoodnovelty.Sureenough,ourstudydidfindpickyeatersscoredworstonourtestsoffoodrecognition:Foodneophobiaisnegativelycorrelatedwithfoodrecognitionability.Whilewewerepublishingourfinding,scientistsweredebatingnewfindingsabouthowthebrainreactstofoodandcolor.Differentresearchgroupshadidentifiedbrainareasinthevisualsystemthatrespondedpreferentiallytoimagesoffood.Forinstance,lookingatabowlofnoodleswouldactivatethesebrainareas,butnotlookingatapileofstring.Thescientificdisagreementwasaboutwhatitmeanttoidentifyaselectivityforfoodinbrainareasalreadyknownfortheirresponsivenesstocolor.Werepeatedourinitialstudywithgray-scaleimagesoffood.Theresultshowedwithoutcolor,peopleunsurprisinglymademoreerrors,mistakingdifferentdishesasthesame,butthepatternofvariationacrosspeoplewasotherwiseunchanged.Thosewithahighergeneralvisualabilitydidbetterwithfood.Wealsofoundoneeffectofremovingcolor:Foodneophobiawasnolongercorrelatedwithfoodrecognitionability.Itwasasifwhateveradvantagetheadventurouseatershadgainedoverpickyoneswasalldependentoncolor.Wethenmadeanentirelynewprediction:Wouldpeoplewithcolorblindnessbelessfoodneophobicthanthosewithnormalcolorperception?Becausethecolorblindexperiencefoodinarestrictedrangeofcolor,certainsignalsthatraiseflagsaboutfreshness,safety,orotherwisedriveanxietyaboutnovelfoodcouldbelimited.Weinvitedparticipantsonline,basedonhowtheyansweredonequestionaboutcolorblindnessburiedinalongscreeningquestionnaire.Thesurveysuggestedcolorblindpeoplewereindeedlessfoodneophobicthanthenon-colorblind.Seeingtheworldwithanarrowcolorrangeseemstoeaseanemotion-basedresistancetonovelfoods.Ourfindingspavethewayforaddressingextremecasesoffoodneophobia.Asresearcherslearnmoreaboutthecomplicatedrelevancebetweencolorperceptionandfood,wemightdeveloptargetedinterventionstoimprovedietaryhabits.32.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“endorse”meaninparagraph1?A.Commenton. B.Approveof. C.Worryabout. D.Argueagainst.33.What’sthepurposeofwritingparagraph2?A.Toillustrateanargument.B.Toemphasizethevalueofscience.C.Toexplainthebackgroundoflatertests.D.Toindicateapositiveacademicatmosphere.34.Whyarecolorblindpeoplelessfoodneophobicaccordingtothestudy?A.They’rebornwithabiggerappetite.B.They’remoreexpertatrecognizingfood.C.Theyprefertotakerisksandtryfreshthings.D.Theyfailtoperceivesomefoodsignscausingtension.35.Howdidtheauthoruncovertheeffectofcoloronemotionalresponsestofood?A.Byexperiencingfooddiversityfirsthand.B.Byanalyzingfeedbackfromrespondents.C.Bytestingbrains’reactiontocolorfulfoods.D.Bymonitoringpickyeaters’dietaryvariations.【答案】32.B33.C34.D35.B【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要探討了人們對(duì)食物識(shí)別能力的差異，以及這種差異與人們對(duì)新食物態(tài)度（食物新恐懼癥）的關(guān)系?！?2題詳析】詞句猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)第一段的“Thosewhoendorsestatementslike“IamparticularaboutwhatIeat”havefoodneophobia—refusaloffoodnovelty.(那些endorse“我對(duì)自己吃的東西很挑剔”的人有“新食物恐懼癥”——拒絕新奇食物。)”可知，“Those…h(huán)avefoodneophobia”這里指那些人有“新食物恐懼癥”說(shuō)明他們支持“IamparticularaboutwhatIeat”這一觀點(diǎn)，劃線詞意為“贊成、同意”。故選B?！?3題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段的“Whilewewerepublishingourfinding,scientistsweredebatingnewfindingsabouthowthebrainreactstofoodandcolor.Differentresearchgroupshadidentifiedbrainareasinthevisualsystemthatrespondedpreferentiallytoimagesoffood.(當(dāng)我們發(fā)表我們的發(fā)現(xiàn)時(shí)，科學(xué)家們正在就大腦如何對(duì)食物和顏色做出反應(yīng)的新發(fā)現(xiàn)進(jìn)行辯論。不同的研究小組已經(jīng)確定了視覺(jué)系統(tǒng)中優(yōu)先對(duì)食物圖像做出反應(yīng)的腦區(qū)。)”可知，在作者團(tuán)隊(duì)發(fā)表其發(fā)現(xiàn)的同時(shí)，科學(xué)界關(guān)于大腦對(duì)食物和顏色反應(yīng)的新發(fā)現(xiàn)以及存在的爭(zhēng)議，為后文作者團(tuán)隊(duì)進(jìn)行灰度圖像實(shí)驗(yàn)以及提出色盲者與食物新恐懼癥關(guān)系的預(yù)測(cè)提供了背景信息。因此，本段的寫作目的是解釋后續(xù)測(cè)試的背景。故選C?！?4題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第三段的“Becausethecolorblindexperiencefoodinarestrictedrangeofcolor,certainsignalsthatraiseflagsaboutfreshness,safety,orotherwisedriveanxietyaboutnovelfoodcouldbelimited.(因?yàn)樯ふ唧w驗(yàn)食物的顏色范圍有限，某些關(guān)于新鮮度、安全性或引起對(duì)新奇食物焦慮的信號(hào)可能會(huì)受到限制。)”和倒數(shù)第二段的“Thesurveysuggestedcolorblindpeoplewereindeedlessfoodneophobicthanthenon-colorblind.(調(diào)查顯示，色盲者確實(shí)比非色盲者更不害怕食物。)”可知，色盲者由于顏色感知能力的限制，無(wú)法像正常人一樣感知到某些可能引起對(duì)食物新鮮度、安全性等擔(dān)憂的信號(hào)，因此他們對(duì)新奇食物的恐懼感較低，沒(méi)有察覺(jué)到一些引起緊張的食物跡象。故選D?！?5題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段的“Werepeatedourinitialstudywithgray-scaleimagesoffood.Theresultshowedwithoutcolor,peopleunsurprisinglymademoreerrors,mistakingdifferentdishesasthesame,butthepatternofvariationacrosspeoplewasotherwiseunchanged…Wealsofoundoneeffectofremovingcolor:Foodneophobiawasnolongercorrelatedwithfoodrecognitionability.(我們使用食物的灰度圖像重復(fù)了最初的研究。結(jié)果顯示，在沒(méi)有顏色的情況下，人們不出所料地犯了更多錯(cuò)誤，將不同的菜肴誤認(rèn)為是相同的，但人與人之間差異的模式?jīng)]有其他變化……我們還發(fā)現(xiàn)了去除顏色的一個(gè)效果：食物新恐懼癥不再與食物識(shí)別能力相關(guān)。)”，倒數(shù)第三段的“Wethenmadeanentirelynewprediction:Wouldpeoplewithcolorblindnessbelessfoodneophobicthanthosewithnormalcolorperception?(然后我們做出了一個(gè)全新的預(yù)測(cè)：色盲者是否比正常色覺(jué)者更少食物新恐懼癥？)”和倒數(shù)第二段的“Weinvitedparticipantsonline,basedonhowtheyansweredonequestionaboutcolorblindnessburiedinalongscreeningquestionnaire.(我們根據(jù)參與者在一份長(zhǎng)篩查問(wèn)卷中關(guān)于色盲問(wèn)題的回答邀請(qǐng)他們?cè)诰€參與。)”可知，結(jié)合參與者在線回答參與，作者通過(guò)對(duì)比有顏色和無(wú)顏色（灰度圖像）情況下人們對(duì)食物識(shí)別能力的差異，以及進(jìn)一步預(yù)測(cè)并驗(yàn)證色盲者與食物新恐懼癥的關(guān)系，來(lái)揭示顏色對(duì)食物情感反應(yīng)的影響，也就是作者主要分析了受訪者的反饋（即在不同條件下的表現(xiàn)）來(lái)揭示顏色對(duì)食物情感反應(yīng)的影響。故選B。第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Runningoffersnumerousadvantagessuchasenhancinghealthandevenformingnewfriendships.____36____Doyouwanttobreastthetapeatthefinishline?Herearequalitytipsonhowtoruncross-countryfaster.Aswithanyrunningplan,boostingyourcross-countryratestartswithbuildingabase.Aerobic(有氧的)fitnesscomesintoplayduringthisfoundationalphase,whichmeansyourmusclesarereceivingasufficientamountofoxygenandenergy.____37____Apartfromconsi