《材料員》課件-4-1 材料、設備的計劃管理

《材料員》MaterialClerkCONTENTS材料計劃管理工作流程Materialplanmanagementworkflow02材料、設備計劃的種類Typesofmaterialandequipmentplans0301材料、設備計劃管理的任務與工作要點Tasksandworkpointsofmaterialandequipmentplanningandmanagement材料計劃就是為實現材料工作目標所做的具體部署和安排，是對建筑企業(yè)所需材料的質量、品種、規(guī)格、數量等在時間和空間上作出的統(tǒng)籌安排。對于滿足施工生產需要，提高企業(yè)經濟效益，具有十分重要的作用。Thematerialplanisthespecificdeploymentandarrangementsmadetoachievethetargetofmaterialwork,isthequality,variety,specifications,quantityandsoonofthematerialsrequiredbytheconstructionenterpriseintimeandspacetomaketheoverallarrangements.Formeetingtheneedsofconstructionproductionandimprovingtheeconomicefficiencyofenterprises,ithasaveryimportantroletoplay.材料計劃管理首先應確立材料供求平衡的觀念。供求平衡是材料計劃管理的首要目標，宏觀上供求平衡，使建設投資規(guī)模建立在社會資源條件允許的前提下，才有材料市場的供求平衡，才有企業(yè)內部的供求平衡。材料部門應積極組織資源，在供應計劃上不留缺口，使企業(yè)具有堅實的物質保證，以完成施工生產任務。其次，材料計劃管理應確立指令性計劃、指導性計劃和市場調節(jié)相結合的觀念。同時材料計劃管理還應確立多渠道、多層次籌措和開發(fā)資源的觀念。Materialplanmanagementshouldfirstestablishtheconceptofmaterialsupplyanddemandbalance.Supplyanddemandbalanceistheprimarygoalofmaterialplanmanagement,macrobalanceofsupplyanddemand,sothatthescaleofconstructioninvestmentisbuiltonthepremisethattheconditionsofsocialresourcesallow,beforethereisabalanceofsupplyanddemandinthematerialmarket,beforethereisabalanceofsupplyanddemandwithintheenterprise.Thematerialdepartmentshouldactivelyorganiseresourcesandleavenogapinthesupplyplansothattheenterprisehasasolidmaterialguaranteetocompletetheconstructionandproductiontasks.Secondly,thematerialplanmanagementshouldestablishtheconceptofcombiningdirectiveplan,guidingplanandmarketregulation.Atthesametime,thematerialplanmanagementshouldalsoestablishtheconceptofmulti-channelandmulti-levelfinancinganddevelopmentofresources.01PART.01材料、設備計劃管理的任務與工作要點Tasksandworkpointsofmaterialandequipmentplanningandmanagement材料、設備計劃管理的基本任務是：Thebasictasksofmaterialsandequipmentplanmanagementare（1）為實現企業(yè)經濟目標做好物質準備。Topreparemateriallyfortheachievementoftheeconomicobjectivesoftheenterprise.(2)做好平衡協調工作。Todoagoodjobofbalancingandcoordinatingthework.(3)采取措施，促進材料的合理使用。Takemeasurestopromotetherationaluseofmaterials.(4)建立健全材料、設備計劃管理制度。Establishasoundsystemforthemanagementofmaterialsandequipmentplans.材料、設備計劃管理主要應做好以下工作：Themaintaskstobeperformedinthemanagementofmaterialandequipmentplansareasfollows:（1）根據建筑施工生產經營對材料的需求，核實材料用量，了解企業(yè)內外資源情況，做好綜合平衡，正確編制材料計劃，保證按期、按質、按量、配套組織供應。(1)Accordingtothedemandformaterialsintheproductionandoperationofbuildingconstruction,verifytheamountofmaterials,understandthesituationofresourcesinsideandoutsidetheenterprise,makeacomprehensivebalance,correctlypreparethematerialplan,andensurethatthesupplyisorganizedaccordingtoschedule,quality,quantityandsupport.（2）貫徹節(jié)約原則，有效利用材料資源，減少庫存積壓和各種浪費現象，組織合理運輸，加速材料周轉，發(fā)揮現有材料的經濟利益。(2)Toimplementtheprincipleofeconomy,makeeffectiveuseofmaterialresources,reducethebacklogofinventoryandvariouswastefulphenomena,organisereasonabletransportation,acceleratetheturnoverofmaterialsandbringintoplaytheeconomicbenefitsofexistingmaterials.（3）經常檢查材料計劃的執(zhí)行情況，即時采取措施調整計劃，組織新的平衡，發(fā)揮計劃的組織、指導、調節(jié)作用。(3)frequentlychecktheimplementationofthematerialsplan,takeimmediatemeasurestoadjusttheplan,organiseanewbalance,andplaytheorganising,guidingandregulatingroleoftheplan.（2）貫徹節(jié)約原則，有效利用材料資源，減少庫存積壓和各種浪費現象，組織合理運輸，加速材料周轉，發(fā)揮現有材料的經濟利益。(2)Toimplementtheprincipleofeconomy,makeeffectiveuseofmaterialresources,reducethebacklogofinventoryandvariouswastefulphenomena,organisereasonabletransportation,acceleratetheturnoverofmaterialsandbringintoplaytheeconomicbenefitsofexistingmaterials.（4）了解實際供應和消耗情況，積累定額資料，總結經驗教訓，不斷提高材料計劃管理水平。(4)Tounderstandtheactualsupplyandconsumptionsituation,accumulateinformationonquotas,sumuplessonslearnedandcontinuouslyimprovethelevelofmaterialplanningandmanagement.（4）了解實際供應和消耗情況，積累定額資料，總結經驗教訓，不斷提高材料計劃管理水平。(4)Tounderstandtheactualsupplyandconsumptionsituation,accumulateinformationonquotas,sumuplessonslearnedandcontinuouslyimprovethelevelofmaterialplanningandmanagement.（5）建立健全供應臺賬和資料管理檔案制度。這些制度的建立健全，有利于及時了解、核實實際供應和消耗情況，積累定額資料，總結經驗教訓，不斷提高材料計劃的管理水平。(5)Establishasoundsystemofsupplyledgersandinformationmanagementfiles.Theestablishmentofthesesystemsisconducivetotimelyunderstandingandverificationofactualsupplyandconsumption,accumulatinginformationonquotas,summinguplessonslearnedandcontinuouslyimprovingthemanagementlevelofmaterialplans.為了完成材料計劃管理的任務，建筑企業(yè)材料計劃管理一般分為兩個層次，即基層組織材料計劃管理與企業(yè)一般材料計劃管理，不同層次在材料計劃編制、執(zhí)行過程中的分工責任是：Inordertoaccomplishthetaskofmaterialplanmanagement,constructionenterprisematerialplanmanagementisgenerallydividedintotwolevels,namely,grassrootsorganizationmaterialplanmanagementandenterprisegeneralmaterialplanmanagement,differentlevelsinthematerialplanpreparation,implementationprocessofthedivisionofresponsibilityis:單位工程施工生產用料計劃以及腳手架、模板、施工工具、輔助生產用料計劃由基層施工組織編制。機械制造、維修、配件用料計劃由制造維修單位編制。技術革新、技術措施用料計劃由技術部門編制。企業(yè)一級材料部門負責整個企業(yè)用料計劃的匯總和編制。Theunitconstructionproductionmaterialplan,aswellasscaffolding,formwork,constructiontoolsandauxiliaryproductionmaterialplanarepreparedbythegrassrootsconstructionorganisation.Thematerialplanformachinerymanufacturing,maintenanceandaccessoriesispreparedbythemanufacturingandmaintenanceunit.Thematerialplanfortechnicalinnovationandtechnicalmeasuresispreparedbythetechnicaldepartment.Thematerialdepartmentattheenterpriselevelisresponsiblefortheaggregationandpreparationofthematerialplanforthewholeenterprise.基層組織材料計劃員工作要點：Highlightsoftheworkofthematerialsplannerforgrassrootsorganisations:

為了正確核定、編制和執(zhí)行用料計劃，基層組織材料計劃員要做到“五核實、四查清、三依據、兩制度、一落實”。Inordertocorrectlyapprove,prepareandimplementmaterialplans,thematerialplannersofgrassrootsorganisationsshoulddo"fiveverifications,fourchecks,threebases,twosystemsandoneimplementation".（1）五核實：核實計劃用料；核實單位工程項目材料節(jié)約和超支；核實周轉材料需用量；核實地方材料計劃執(zhí)行情況；核實基層材料消耗情況及統(tǒng)計報表數據。(1)Fiveverifications:verificationofplannedmaterialuse;verificationofmaterialsavingsandcostoverrunsinunitprojects;verificationofturnovermaterialrequirements;verificationoftheimplementationoflocalmaterialplans;andverificationofgrassrootsmaterialconsumptionandstatisticalreportdata.（2）四查清：查耗用量是否超計劃供應；查需用量與預算數量是否相符；查內部調度平衡材料的落實；查需要采購、儲備材料的庫存情況。(2)Fourchecks:checkwhethertheconsumptionexceedstheplannedsupply;checkwhethertherequiredquantitymatchesthebudgetedquantity;checktheimplementationofinternalschedulingtobalancematerials;andchecktheinventoryofmaterialsthatneedtobepurchasedandstocked.（1）五核實：核實計劃用料；核實單位工程項目材料節(jié)約和超支；核實周轉材料需用量；核實地方材料計劃執(zhí)行情況；核實基層材料消耗情況及統(tǒng)計報表數據。(1)Fiveverifications:verificationofplannedmaterialuse;verificationofmaterialsavingsandcostoverrunsinunitprojects;verificationofturnovermaterialrequirements;verificationoftheimplementationoflocalmaterialplans;andverificationofgrassrootsmaterialconsumptionandstatisticalreportdata.（3）三依據：工作量及工程量；施工進度；套用定額。(3)Threebases:workloadandquantityofwork;constructionprogress;applicationofquotas.（4）兩制度：嚴格計劃供應制度；堅持定期碰頭會制度。(4)Twosystems:astrictplannedsupplysystem;andadherencetoaregularmeetingsystem.（5）一落實：計劃需用量落實到單位工程和個人（施工班組）。(5)aimplementation:theamountoftheplanneedstobeimplementedtotheunitofworkandindividual(constructionteam).企業(yè)材料部門材料計劃管理的工作要點：Keypointsinthemanagementofmaterialplansinthematerialsdepartmentofanenterprise:

企業(yè)一級的材料部門，在匯總基層組織用料計劃，并與內外資源進行綜合平衡的基礎上，編制材料供應、申請、訂貨、采購等計劃。為了與基層組織的材料計劃工作相配合，適應施工多變性的需要，企業(yè)一級材料計劃員在編制和執(zhí)行計劃中應做到“把兩關、三對口、四核算、五勤、六有數”。Attheenterpriselevel,thematerialdepartmentwillpreparematerialsupply,application,orderandpurchaseplansonthebasisofthematerialplanofthegrassrootsorganizationsandthecomprehensivebalancewithinternalandexternalresources.Inordertocooperatewiththematerialplanningworkofthegrassrootsorganizationsandadapttotheneedsofconstructionvariability,thematerialplannerattheenterpriselevelshoulddo"twolevels,threecounterparts,fouraccounting,fivediligent,sixnumbers"inthepreparationandimplementationoftheplan.

（1）把兩關：按預（決）算督促各建設單位（或主管部門）給足指標；按預（決）算用料量控制基層用料，掌握項目節(jié)約和超支情況。(1)Twohurdles:tourgetheconstructionunits(orcompetentdepartments)togivesufficientindicatorsaccordingtothepre(final)budget;tocontrolthematerialusedatthegrassrootslevelaccordingtothepre(final)budget,andtograsptheprojectsavingsandcostoverruns.（2）三對口：與建設單位（或供料單位）備料對口；需用計劃與施工項目對口；月度需用計劃與項目總用量對口。(2)Threepairsofcorrespondence:correspondencewiththeconstructionunit(ormaterialsupplyunit)formaterialpreparation;correspondencebetweenthedemandplanandtheconstructionproject;correspondencebetweenthemonthlydemandplanandthetotalamountoftheproject.（1）把兩關：按預（決）算督促各建設單位（或主管部門）給足指標；按預（決）算用料量控制基層用料，掌握項目節(jié)約和超支情況。(1)Twohurdles:tourgetheconstructionunits(orcompetentdepartments)togivesufficientindicatorsaccordingtothepre(final)budget;tocontrolthematerialusedatthegrassrootslevelaccordingtothepre(final)budget,andtograsptheprojectsavingsandcostoverruns.（3）四核算：核算分部、分項工程材料需用量；核算單位工程材料需用量；核算大、小廠水泥需用量；核算木材（分為正材、副材）需用量。(3)Fouraccounting:accountingfordivisionalandsub-projectmaterialrequirements;accountingforunitprojectmaterialrequirements;accountingforlargeandsmallplantcementrequirements;accountingfortimber(dividedintopositiveandsecondarytimber)requirements.（4）五勤：勤聯系；勤整理；勤登記；勤催料；勤核對。(4)Fivediligent:diligentcontacting;diligentsorting;diligentregistration;diligentremindingofmaterials;diligentchecking.（4）五勤：勤聯系；勤整理；勤登記；勤催料；勤核對。(4)Fivediligent:diligentcontacting;diligentsorting;diligentregistration;diligentremindingofmaterials;diligentchecking.（5）六有數：三大構件（金屬、木材、混凝土）加工地點及原材料供應情況；建設單位備料、交料及余、缺情況；單位工程主要材料、特殊材料的總需用數量；月度計劃供應情況；合同規(guī)定有關供料責任分工；重點工程、竣工項目材料缺口情況。(5)Sixmusts:processinglocationsandrawmaterialsupplyofthethreemajorcomponents(metal,wood,andconcrete);Thepreparation,delivery,surplusandshortageofmaterialsbytheconstructionunit;Thetotalrequiredquantityofmainandspecialmaterialsfortheunitproject;Monthlyplannedsupplysituation;Thecontractstipulatesthedivisionofresponsibilitiesformaterialsupply;Materialgapsinkeyprojectsandcompletedprojects.02PART.02材料計劃管理工作流程Materialplanmanagementworkflow材料計劃管理流程如圖4-1所示。ThematerialplanningmanagementprocessisshowninFigure4-1.單位工程材料供應計劃UnitWorksMaterialSupplyPlan→材料需用量計劃MaterialRequirementsPlan→重要材料申請計劃ImportantMaterialRequestScheme↓計劃執(zhí)行與調整Planimplementationandadjustment←材料供應資金計劃Materialsupplyfundingplan←材料采購計劃MaterialProcurementPlan圖4-1材料計劃管理流程簡圖Figure4-1Sketchofmaterialplanningmanagementprocess03PART.03材料、設備計劃的種類Typesofmaterialandequipmentplans建筑材料計劃按照材料的使用方向分為生產材料計劃和基本建設材料計劃等。按照材料計劃的用途分為材料需用計劃、供應計劃、申請計劃、訂貨計劃、采購計劃、用款計劃、儲備計劃、周轉材料租賃計劃、主要材料節(jié)約計劃等。Constructionmaterialplansaredividedintoproductionmaterialplansandcapitalmaterialplansaccordingtothedirectionofuseofthematerials.Accordingtotheuseofmaterialplan,itisdividedintomaterialrequirementplan,supplyplan,applicationplan,orderplan,purchaseplan,paymentplan,reserveplan,turnovermaterialleaseplan,mainmaterialsavingplan,etc.按照計劃期限分為年度計劃、季度計劃、月（旬）計劃、一次性用料計劃、臨時追加材料計劃等。按供貨渠道分為物資企業(yè)供料計劃、建設單位供料計劃、施工企業(yè)自供料計劃等。Accordingtothedurationoftheplan,itisdividedintoannualplan,quarterlyplan,monthly(ten-day)plan,one-timematerialplan,temporaryadditionalmaterialplan,etc.Accordingtothesupplychannel,itisdividedintomaterialsupplyplanofmaterialenterprise,materialsupplyplanofconstructionunit,materialsupplyplanofconstructionenterprise,etc.（1）按照材料、設備的使用方向分類Classificationaccordingtothedirectionofuseofmaterialsandequipment1）生產材料計劃Productionmaterialplanning生產材料計劃是指為完成生產任務而布置的材料計劃。包括附屬輔助生產用材料計劃、經營維修用材料計劃、建材產品生產用材料計劃等。所需材料的數量按生產的產品數量和該產品的消耗定額計劃確定。Theproductionmaterialplanreferstothematerialplanlaidoutforthecompletionofproductiontasks.Itincludesthematerialplanforsubsidiaryauxiliaryproduction,thematerialplanforoperationandmaintenance,andthematerialplanfortheproductionofbuildingmaterialsproducts.Thequantityofmaterialsrequiredisdeterminedbythenumberofproductsproducedandtheconsumptionquotaplanforthatproduct.

2）基本建設材料計劃Capitalconstructionmaterialsplan

基本建設材料計劃是指為完成基本建設任務而編制的材料計劃。包括對外承包工程用材料計劃、企業(yè)自身基本建設用材料計劃等，通常應根據承包協議和分工范圍及供應方式編制。Thecapitalconstructionmaterialsplanreferstothematerialsplanpreparedforthecompletionofthecapitalconstructiontasks.Itincludesmaterialplansforexternalcontractingprojects,materialplansfortheenterprise'sowncapitalconstruction,etc.Itshouldusuallybepreparedinaccordancewiththecontractingagreementandthescopeofdivisionoflabourandsupplymethods.2）材料申請計劃

Materialrequestplan

3）材料供應計劃

Materialsupplyplan

4）材料加工訂貨計劃

Materialprocessingorderplan（2）按照材料計劃的用途分類

Classifiedaccordingtotheintendeduseofthematerialplan1）材料需用量計劃

Materialdemandplan材料申請計劃是根據需用計劃，經過項目或部門內部平衡后，分別向有關供應部門提出的材料計劃。Thematerialapplicationplanisamaterialplansubmittedtotherelevantsupplydepartmentseparatelybasedonthedemandplanandafterinternalbalancewithintheprojectordepartment.2）材料申請計劃

Materialrequestplan

3）材料供應計劃

Materialsupplyplan

4）材料加工訂貨計劃

Materialprocessingorderplan（2）按照材料計劃的用途分類

Classifiedaccordingtotheintendeduseofthematerialplan1）材料需用量計劃

Materialdemandplan2）材料申請計劃

Materialrequestplan

3）材料供應計劃

Materialsupplyplan

4）材料加工訂貨計劃

Materialprocessingorderplan（2）按照材料計劃的用途分類

Classifiedaccordingtotheintendeduseofthematerialplan1）材料需用量計劃

Materialdemandplan2）材料申請計劃

Materialrequestplan

3）材料供應計劃

Materialsupplyplan

4）材料加工訂貨計劃

Materialprocessingorderplan（2）按照材料計劃的用途分類

Classifiedaccordingtotheintendeduseofthematerialplan1）材料需用量計劃

Materialdemandplan5）材料采購計劃

Materialpurchaseplan

6）材料運輸計劃Materialtransportationplan7）材料用款計劃

Materialspendingplan（2）按照材料計劃的用途分類

Classifiedaccordingtotheintendeduseofthematerialplan材料運輸計劃是指為組織材料運輸而編制的計劃。Materialtransportationplanreferstotheplanpreparedtoorganizematerialtransportation.5）材料采購計劃

Materialpurchaseplan

6）材料運輸計劃Materialtransportationplan7）材料用款計劃

Materialspendingplan（2）按照材料計劃的用途分類

Classifiedaccordingtotheintendeduseofthematerialplan5）材料采購計劃

Materialpurchaseplan

6）材料運輸計劃Materi