2024-2025學(xué)年黑龍江省六校聯(lián)考高二上學(xué)期1月期末英語試題（解析版）

高級中學(xué)名校試卷PAGEPAGE1黑龍江省六校聯(lián)考2024-2025學(xué)年高二上學(xué)期1月期末英語試題第一部分聽力（略）第二部分閱讀（共兩節(jié)，滿分50分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出最佳選項。AEastAfricaisoneofthebestplacestoenjoyincrediblehikes.HerearethetopfouradventuredestinationsselectedbyTraghettiwebsitethisyear.MountKenyaAt5,199metersabovesealevel,MountKenyaisanancientextinctvolcano.MountKenyahasthreepeaks—Batian,NelionandLenana,amongwhichonlyLenanacanbereachedbyaveragetrekkers(徒步者)andtheothertwoonlyfortechnicalclimbers.MountMeruAsTanzania’ssecondhighestmountain,MountMeruisoftenusedbymountaineersforanadaptationtrainingbeforetryingtoconquerKilimanjaro.ClimbingMountMerupassesthroughmanydifferentvegetation(植被)zones.Thedryforestofthelowerregiongiveswaytoadensemountainrainforest,whichthenturnsintobush.Thetrailalsopassesthroughthehabitatsofanumberofwildanimalsincludingbuffaloes,baboonsandgiraffes.MountKilimanjaroMountKilimanjaroreaches5,895metersabovesealevel.ItcanbeclimbedatanytimeoftheyearbutthereisusuallyalotmorerainduringApril,MayandNovember.Atthelowerlevels,youwillpassthroughcultivatedfarmlandsrisingthroughtropicalrainforestontoalpinemeadowsandfinallythebarrenlandscapeleadingtothesnowandicecappedsummit.Thelowerlevelsalsoofferthechancetoviewawidevarietyofanimals,birdsandfaunaintheirnaturalhabitat.UsambaraMountainRangeForhikerswhodonotwanttoundergothedifficultiesofclimbingchallengingpeakslikeKilimanjaro.Tanzania’sUsambaraMountainRangeoffersagreatalternative.Unlikethehikesthatrequirepermitsandthecompanyofparkrangers,itiscasual,andeasilyaccessible.At2,440meters,UsambaraMountainishometoover3,000plantspeciesandover600treespecies.1.WhatdoweknowaboutMountKenya?A.Itisanactivevolcano.B.ItisthehighestmountaininAfrica.C.Anaveragehikercanalsochallengetoclimbit.D.Itsthreepeakscanonlybeaccessibletoexperiencedtrekkers.2.Whichmountainiswhattheclimbersmostwanttoconquer?A.MountMeru. B.MountKenya.C.UsambaraMountainRange. D.MountKilimanjaro.3.What’sspecialaboutUsambaraMountainRange?A.Ithardtogetthepermissionofthepark.B.Itdoesn’tneedparkrangerstoaccompanytheclimbers.C.It’shometoavarietyofanimalspecies.D.Itcanbevisitedatanytimeoftheyear.【答案】1.C2.D3.B【語篇解讀】這是一篇應(yīng)用文。主要介紹了四座非洲的名山以及各自的特色?！?題詳析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)MountKenya下的“At5,199metersabovesealevel,MountKenyaisanancientextinctvolcano.MountKenyahasthreepeaks—Batian,NelionandLenana,amongwhichonlyLenanacanbereachedbyaveragetrekkers(徒步者)andtheothertwoonlyfortechnicalclimbers.(海拔5199米的肯尼亞山是一座古老的死火山?？夏醽喩接腥椒濉狟atian、Nelion和Lenana，其中只有Lenana峰可以被普通徒步旅行者到達，其他兩座只有技術(shù)登山者才能到達)”可知，普通徒步者可以選擇挑戰(zhàn)Lenana峰。故選C。【2題詳析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)MountMeru下的“AsTanzania’ssecondhighestmountain,MountMeruisoftenusedbymountaineersforanadaptationtrainingbeforetryingtoconquerKilimanjaro.(作為坦桑尼亞的第二高峰，梅魯山經(jīng)常被登山者用來進行適應(yīng)訓(xùn)練，然后再試圖征服乞力馬扎羅山)”再根據(jù)其他山的高度介紹和攀登的介紹，可知乞力馬扎羅山這座非洲最高的山是登山者最想挑戰(zhàn)的。故選D?！?題詳析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段“Unlikethehikesthatrequirepermitsandthecompanyofparkrangers,itiscasual,andeasilyaccessible.At2,440meters,UsambaraMountainishometoover3,000plantspeciesandover600treespecies.(與需要許可證和公園護林員陪伴的徒步旅行不同，它很隨意，很容易到達。烏桑巴拉山海拔2440米，是3000多種植物和600多種樹木的家園)”可知，這個地方可以不需要管理員陪同。故選B。BWhenMengJintaowasachild,poweroutagesinhisruralhometownsparkedhiscuriosity:Whycan’twestoreelectricityduringregulartimesanduseitwhenthepowergoesout?Now29,Menghasturnedthischildhoodcuriosityintorealitywithhisadvancediron-basedflowenergystoragesystem.Distinguishedbyitsmassivestoragecapacity,highsafetystandards,andlong-termendurance,thistechnologyrepresentsamajoradvancementinenergystorage.In2013,MengbeganhisstudiesatHefeiUniversityofTechnologyinAnhui,EastChina,majoringinnewenergymaterialsanddevices.Duringhisuniversityyears,hetraveledtoQinghaiandGansuprovincesinNorthwestChinaforresearch,whereheobservedtheinitialsuccessesofwindandsolarpowerprojects.However,helearnedfrompowerstationstaffthatmuchoftheenergygeneratedbywindturbineswasunstableandcouldnotbeeffectivelyused.ItwasduringthisperiodthatMengrecognizedtheurgentneedforadvancedstoragesolutionstostabilizeenergysupplyandreleaseitsteadilytothegrid,therebyincreasingefficiency.Thisrealizationledhimtodeveloptheiron-basedflowenergystoragesystem.“Thissystemfunctionslikealargepowerbankforcities,”heexplained.AccordingtoMeng,whilelithium(鋰)batteriesarewell-established,thereisagrowingneedforamoreaffordableandsaferstoragesolution.Hechoseironforitscost-efficiencyandtheabundantavailabilityofironresourcesinChina.Iron-basedflowenergystoragesystemsarealsomoreeconomicalandusewaterasasolution,makingthemfire-resistantandsafer.In2020,whilepursuinghismaster’sdegreeatHuazhongUniversityofScienceandTechnology,Mengachievedasignificantmilestonebysuccessfullytestingthefirstiron-basedflowbatteryinhislab.“Seeingthebatterymodelstartitscharginganddischargingcycleswasamomentofendlesspride,”hesaid,“withChinaannouncingitsdoublecarbongoals,Iwantedtotransformmyresearchintoatangibleproductthatcouldbothbenefitthecountryandmakeadifference.”Throughcontinuousadjustments,accurateresearch,anddeterminedexperimentation,Mengandhisteamcompletedtheirfirstkilowatt-levelenergystoragesystemin2021,suitableforeverydayuse.“Iwanttokeepimprovingthetechnologytomakeenergystoragesaferandmorecost-effective,bothinChinaandworldwide,”hesaid.4.WhatcanweknowaboutMengJingtao?A.MengJintaowitnessedthesuccessoftraditionalenergyprojects.B.MengJintaohassolvedtheproblemofpowercutsinruralareas.C.MengJintaohassuccessfullyfindnewsolutionsforenergystorage.D.MengJintaohasstillsearchedthematerialtoturnhiscuriosityintoreality.5.WhatcharacteristicofironledMengJintaotochooseit?A.Itsworkefficiency. B.Itseconomicadvantage.C.Itsunlimitedsupply. D.Itsenvironmentalfriendliness.6.WhichofthefollowingwordscanbestdescribeMengJintao?A.Specialandpatient. B.Hard-workingandoutgoing.C.Honestandkind. D.Capableanddetermined.7.Whatisthemostsuitabletitleforthispassage?A.FromCuriositytoCreation:MengJintao’sJourneyinEnergyStorageB.MengJintao:LeadingFigureinPowerGenerationTechnologyC.Lithiumvs.Iron:TheOngoingBattleforBetterEnergyStorageSolutionD.TheFutureofRenewableEnergy:StrengthsandWeaknesses【答案】4.C5.B6.D7.A【語篇解讀】本文是一篇記敘文。本文主要講述了孟錦濤從小對停電現(xiàn)象產(chǎn)生好奇，長大后成功研發(fā)出鐵基液流儲能系統(tǒng)，為能源存儲提供了新的解決方案，并致力于將該技術(shù)應(yīng)用于實際，造福國家和世界的故事?！?題詳析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第二段“Now29,Menghasturnedthischildhoodcuriosityintorealitywithhisadvancediron-basedflowenergystoragesystem.

Distinguishedbyitsmassivestoragecapacity,highsafetystandards,andlong-termendurance,thistechnologyrepresentsamajoradvancementinenergystorage.(現(xiàn)在29歲的孟錦濤已經(jīng)將他兒時的好奇心變成了現(xiàn)實，他研發(fā)出了先進的鐵基液流儲能系統(tǒng)。該技術(shù)以其巨大的存儲容量，高安全標準和長期耐用性而聞名，代表了能源存儲的重大進步。)”可知，孟錦濤已經(jīng)成功找到了新的儲能解決方案。故選C項。【5題詳析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第四段“Hechoseironforitscost-efficiencyandtheabundantavailabilityofironresourcesinChina.Iron-basedflowenergystoragesystemsarealsomoreeconomicalandusewaterasasolution,makingthemfire-resistantandsafer.(他之所以選擇鐵，是因為它的成本效益和中國豐富的鐵資源。基于鐵的流動儲能系統(tǒng)也更經(jīng)濟，并且使用水作為解決方案，使其防火且更安全。）可知，孟錦濤選擇鐵是因為其經(jīng)濟優(yōu)勢。故選B項?！?題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章整體內(nèi)容，特別是第五段“In2020,whilepursuinghismaster’sdegreeatHuazhongUniversityofScienceandTechnology,Mengachievedasignificantmilestonebysuccessfullytestingthefirstiron-basedflowbatteryinhislab.

(2020年，在華中科技大學(xué)攻讀碩士學(xué)位期間，孟錦濤在實驗室成功測試了第一個鐵基液流電池，取得了重大突破。)”和第六段“Throughcontinuousadjustments,accurateresearch,anddeterminedexperimentation,Mengandhisteamcompletedtheirfirstkilowatt-levelenergystoragesystemin2021,suitableforeverydayuse.(經(jīng)過不斷的調(diào)整、準確的研究和堅定的實驗，孟和他的團隊在2021年完成了他們的第一個千瓦級儲能系統(tǒng)，適合日常使用。）可知，孟錦濤通過大學(xué)所學(xué)知識，通過不懈努力把兒時的好奇心和夢想實現(xiàn)，成功開發(fā)了鐵激流儲能系統(tǒng)。可以推斷出他是一個有能力有決心的人。故選D項?！?題詳析】主旨大意題。通讀全文，結(jié)合第一段“WhenMengJintaowasachild,poweroutagesinhisruralhometownsparkedhiscuriosity:Whycan’twestoreelectricityduringregulartimesanduseitwhenthepowergoesout?(當孟錦濤還是個孩子的時候，他家鄉(xiāng)農(nóng)村的停電引發(fā)了他的好奇心：為什么我們不能在平時儲存電力，在停電時使用呢？)”和文章講述的孟錦濤從小對停電現(xiàn)象產(chǎn)生好奇，長大后成功研發(fā)出鐵基液流儲能系統(tǒng)，為能源存儲提供了新的解決方案，并致力于將該技術(shù)應(yīng)用于實際，造福國家和世界的故事，可知A項“FromCuriositytoCreation:MengJintao’sJourneyinEnergyStorage(從好奇到創(chuàng)造：孟錦濤的儲能之旅)”最能概括文章主旨。故選A項。C“BigTree,”anoldsouthernliveoak,sitsinaparkjustoutsideOrlando’sbusinessdistrict.It’sbeenstruckbylightningatleastthreetimesandhassurvivedmanyhurricanes—anditgrewfromaseedaroundthesametimeJuanPoncedeLeón’sshipfirstlandedonFlorida’seasterncoast.Over400yearsold,thetreeissoimpressivethatmembersofaMichigan-basednonprofitflewtoOrlandoinFebruarytoclimbthetreeandcutbranchesandleaves.Theresearchersarenowinthemidstoftheprocesstogrownewrootsfromthecuttings.Thereason:Toclonethehistorictree,storeitsDNAandplantpotentiallythousandsofclonedtreesacrosstheSoutheast.Inordertocloneanancienttree,researchersmustclimbittofindapieceoflivetissue.Thefreshlycutbranchesandleavesaretakentothegroup’slabinMichigan,where,inclimate-controlledrooms,researchersworktopromotegrowthfromthecuttings.Themostcommonmethodisbyrootedcuttings.Inthismethod,atipofatree’sbranchisdipped(蘸)intohormones,placedintoafoamplug(泡沫塞)andsetinsideamistroom.Then,thewaitingbegins.Asignoflifecantakeseveralmonthstoayeartoshow,ifonecomesatall.Inanothermethodcalledtissueculture,researcherstakeaquarter-inchofbranch,dipitintoamixturemadeupofadozenhormonesandotherchemicals,seal(密封)itinacontainerandwaittoseewhetheritwillgrowroots.Expertslaudedthegroupforitscreativemethodsandreproductioninlargenumbers,buttheydoubtwhetherthecloneswillgrowastheoriginalsdo.ScottMerkle,aprofessorofforestbiologyattheUniversityofGeorgia,said,“Therearesomanyvariablesthatthere’snocertaintythattheywillbeabletosurviveandperformbetterthanothertreesthatyouplantonthesameland”.Headdedthattheageofhistorictreesmakesthemdifficulttostudy.“Ithinkit’sagreatthingthatthey’redoing.Ijustdon’tknowhowrealisticitis.”8.Accordingtothepassage,whatdotheresearchersaimtodo?A.Tostudythereasonforthesurvivalof“BigTree”.B.TosavethousandsoftreesacrosstheSoutheast.C.Toanalysetheeffectsofclimateontreegrowth.D.Tocloneanancienttreefromitsoriginal.9.Whatdoweknowaboutthetwomethodsmentionedinparagraph4?A.Tissuecultureisthemostfrequentlyusedmethod.B.Thereisachancethatthebranchwillfailtogrowroots.C.Inthefirstmethodthelivetissueissealedinacontainer.D.Amixtureofhormonesandotherchemicalsisneededinbothmethods.10.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“l(fā)auded”inparagraph5mean?A.Praised. B.Met. C.Joined. D.Contacted.11.What’sScottMerkle’sattitudetothegroup’swork?A.Doubtful. B.Positive. C.Cautious. D.Unclear.【答案】8.D9.B10.A11.C【語篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文。本文主要講述了研究人員正嘗試克隆一棵有400多年歷史的南方生命橡樹“大樹”的過程、方法及專家對此的看法。他們采集了這棵樹的枝條和葉子，試圖培育出新的根系以克隆這棵樹，并大量繁殖，但專家對克隆樹能否像原樹一樣生長持懷疑態(tài)度?！?題詳析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中“Theresearchersarenowinthemidstoftheprocesstogrownewrootsfromthecuttings.Thereason:Toclonethehistorictree,storeitsDNAandplantpotentiallythousandsofclonedtreesacrosstheSoutheast.(研究人員目前正在從插枝上培育新根。原因是：為了克隆這棵歷史悠久的樹，儲存它的DNA，并在東南部種植數(shù)千棵克隆樹)”可知，研究人員的目的是從原樹中克隆一棵古樹。故選D?！?題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第四段“Themostcommonmethodisbyrootedcuttings.Inthismethod,atipofatree’sbranchisdipped(蘸)intohormones,placedintoafoamplug(泡沫塞)andsetinsideamistroom.Then,thewaitingbegins.Asignoflifecantakeseveralmonthstoayeartoshow,ifonecomesatall.

(最常用的方法是插枝。在這種方法中，將樹枝的尖端浸入激素中，放入泡沫塞中，并置于霧室中。然后，等待開始了。生命的跡象可能需要幾個月到一年的時間才能顯現(xiàn)出來，如果有的話。)”以及“

Inanothermethodcalledtissueculture,researcherstakeaquarter-inchofbranch,dipitintoamixturemadeupofadozenhormonesandotherchemicals,seal(密封)itinacontainerandwaittoseewhetheritwillgrowroots.(在另一種被稱為組織培養(yǎng)的方法中，研究人員取出四分之一英寸的樹枝，將其浸入由十幾種激素和其他化學(xué)物質(zhì)組成的混合物中，將其密封在容器中，等待它是否會長出根。)”可知，第一種方法中生命的跡象可能需要幾個月到一年的時間才能顯現(xiàn)出來；第二種方法中，研究人員需要等待它是否會長出根，即表示研究人員不確定其是否會長出根。由此推斷，這兩種方法中，樹枝有可能無法生長出根，存在無法成功克隆的可能性。故選B?！?0題詳析】詞義猜測題。根據(jù)劃線單詞所在句子“Experts…thegroupforitscreativemethodsandreproductioninlargenumbers,buttheydoubtwhetherthecloneswillgrowastheoriginalsdo.(專家們對該組織的創(chuàng)新方法和大量繁殖表示……，但他們懷疑克隆體是否會像原代植物那樣生長。)”中的but可知，前后是轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，雖然專家們對克隆體是否會像原代植物那樣生長表示懷疑，但是他們對該組織的創(chuàng)新方法和大量繁殖表示稱贊，劃線單詞表示“稱贊”，與A項“Praised.(贊美)”意思相近。故選A。【11題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段ScottMerkle所說的話“

“Therearesomanyvariablesthatthere’snocertaintythattheywillbeabletosurviveandperformbetterthanothertreesthatyouplantonthesameland”(“有太多的變量，無法確定它們是否能夠存活下來，并且比你在同一塊土地上種植的其他樹木表現(xiàn)得更好?！?”以及“Headdedthattheageofhistorictreesmakesthemdifficulttostudy.“Ithinkit’sagreatthingthatthey’redoing.Ijustdon’tknowhowrealisticitis.”(他補充說，古樹的年齡使得研究它們變得困難。“我認為他們正在做的事情很棒。我只是不知道這有多現(xiàn)實?！?”可知，ScottMerkle對這一團隊的工作表示贊美，同時他也表示了自己的擔(dān)憂即因為有太多的變量，所以不確定該研究的結(jié)果，由此可推知，他的態(tài)度是謹慎的。故選C。DShortlyafterChatGPTwasreleased,inearly2023,awriternamedJasonColavitopostedonsocialmediathatacomputerwasreplacinghimwithAI,becauseitcouldwritecontentforfree.Butheisalsowanted—atasmallamountofhisnormalrate—to“rewrite”theAI-generatedtext.Thisisnotthefirsttimethattechnologyhasslashedsalariesinsteadofjobs,andtherealproblemisnotAI.Theproblemisaculturethatdevalueshumanlabor.WiththereleaseofnewAIapplicationsdiscussionsaboutthefutureofworkarebackinfullforce.ArecentstudylookedatprofessionsintheUnitedStates,frompoetstofinancialmanagers,predictingthe19percentwillsoonlose50percentoftheirtaskstoAI.Butourpreciousexperiencewithsuggestsit’smuchmorecomplicatedthantechnologysimplyreplacinghumanwork.In2019,anindependentresearchorganizationData&Societystudiedhowautomationisbeingintegratedinfarmmanagementandgrocerystores.Countertothepopularbeliefthatthetechnologywasreducingtheneedforhumanlabor,researchersAlexandraMateescuandMadeleineClareElishdiscoveredthatintroducingnewdeviceswasmostlychangingthenatureofthework.Forexample,automatedcheckoutmachineskeptemployeesbusy,becausenowtheywereassistingconfusedcustomers,troubleshootingmachines,andtakingonothertaskstoensuretheirsmoothoperationinthestore.Mostimportantly,MateescuandElishdiscoveredthatthenewtasks,whichhelpedaccommodateandemploythe‘a(chǎn)utomated’technology,wereoftenundervaluedoreveninvisible.Theimportantthingtounderstandisthatthecurrentdeskillinganddevaluingoflaborisn’tbecausetherobotsarecomingforus.It’saculturalproblem.Asjobsgetdisrupted(擾亂)andpeople’slivelihoodsarethreatened,it’seasytopointfingersattechnologyastheunavoidablereason,whetheryou’reanexpertoranemployer.Butwhatisactuallytoblameisasocietythatiswillingtoletworkersbemistreated.It’sabigthingtochange,butit’snotsetinstone.Andthat’sthereal‘robotsandjobs’conversationweneedtobehaving.12.WhydidawriternamedJasonColavitopostonsocialmediaaboutAI?A.Tosharehislife. B.Tofinishtasks.C.TosupporttheAI. D.TocomplainaboutAI.13.WhatcanbeinferredfromMateescuandElish’sfindings?A.HumansarestillneededtodealwithAI-generatedproblems.B.Humanscannotunderstandtherealvalueoftheirownjobs.C.Newadvanceddevicesarebeingintegratedinvariousjobs.D.Automatedtechnologyistakingawayalmostalljobs.14.Whydopeopledevaluelabor?A.Livingpressure. B.Technologicaladvances.C.Culturalfactors. D.Unemploymentissues.15.Inwhichpartofanewspapermayyoureadthispassage?A.Travel. B.Technology. C.Health. D.Medicine.【答案】12.D13.A14.C15.B【語篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要討論了新技術(shù)，特別是人工智能，對工作的影響。雖然有些人擔(dān)心AI會取代人類的工作，但研究表明情況要復(fù)雜得多?！?2題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段中“ShortlyafterChatGPTwasreleased,inearly2023,awriternamedJasonColavitopostedonsocialmediathatacomputerwasreplacinghimwithAI,becauseitcouldwritecontentforfree.Butheisalsowanted—atasmallamountofhisnormalrate—to“rewrite”theAI-generatedtext.Thisisnotthefirsttimethattechnologyhasslashedsalariesinsteadofjobs,andtherealproblemisnotAI.Theproblemisaculturethatdevalueshumanlabor.(2023年初，ChatGPT發(fā)布后不久，一位名叫JasonColavito的作家在社交媒體上發(fā)帖說，一臺電腦正在用人工智能取代他，因為它可以免費編寫內(nèi)容。但他也被要求比他正常工資少很多——去“重寫”人工智能生成的文本。這并不是科技第一次削減工資而不是削減工作崗位，真正的問題也不是人工智能。問題在于一種貶低人類勞動的文化)”可知，JasonColavito因為工資降低而對AI不滿，他發(fā)帖在社交媒體上是抱怨。故選D。【13題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段中“Countertothepopularbeliefthatthetechnologywasreducingtheneedforhumanlabor,researchersAlexandraMateescuandMadeleineClareElishdiscoveredthatintroducingnewdeviceswasmostlychangingthenatureofthework.Forexample,automatedcheckoutmachineskeptemployeesbusy,becausenowtheywereassistingconfusedcustomers,troubleshootingmachines,andtakingonothertaskstoensuretheirsmoothoperationinthestore.(與普遍認為技術(shù)正在減少對人力勞動需求的觀點相反，研究人員亞歷山德拉·馬泰斯庫和瑪?shù)铝铡た巳R爾·埃利什發(fā)現(xiàn)，引入新設(shè)備主要是在改變工作的性質(zhì)。例如，自動結(jié)帳機讓員工很忙，因為現(xiàn)在他們要幫助困惑的顧客，排除機器故障，并承擔(dān)其他任務(wù)，以確保他們在商店順利運作)”可知，自動結(jié)帳機作為AI的代表，反而讓員工很忙，因為現(xiàn)在員工們不僅要幫助困惑的顧客，還要排除機器故障，并承擔(dān)其他任務(wù)，以確保他們在商店順利運作；由此推斷Mateescu和Elish發(fā)現(xiàn)人類仍然需要處理人工智能產(chǎn)生的問題。故選A?！?4題詳析】細節(jié)理解題。由文章最后一段中“Theimportantthingtounderstandisthatthecurrentdeskillinganddevaluingoflaborisn’tbecausetherobotsarecomingforus.It’saculturalproblem.(需要理解的關(guān)鍵點是，目前技能下降和勞動貶低并不是因為機器人來了。這是一個文化問題)”可知，目前技能下降和勞動貶低并不是因為機器人來了，這是一個文化問題，即人們貶低勞動是因為文化因素。故選C。【15題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段“WiththereleaseofnewAIapplicationsdiscussionsaboutthefutureofworkarebackinfullforce.ArecentstudylookedatprofessionsintheUnitedStates,frompoetstofinancialmanagers,predictingthe19percentwillsoonlose50percentoftheirtaskstoAI.Butourpreciousexperiencewithsuggestsit’smuchmorecomplicatedthantechnologysimplyreplacinghumanwork.(隨著新的人工智能應(yīng)用程序的發(fā)布，關(guān)于未來工作的討論再次全面展開。最近的一項研究著眼于美國的職業(yè)，從詩人到財務(wù)經(jīng)理，預(yù)測19%的人很快就會把50%的任務(wù)讓給人工智能。但我們寶貴的經(jīng)驗表明，這比技術(shù)簡單地取代人類工作要復(fù)雜得多)”以及通讀全文，本文主要論述的是人工智能對未來工作的影響，人工智能并不是來奪走我們的工作的，而是改變了工作的性質(zhì)。人工智能屬于高科技，由此推斷文章出自報紙的科技部分。故選B。第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。Tidyingyourdesk,wateringyourplantsorfoldinglaundry—thesehouseholdchoresarehardlytheheightofpleasure.Butweoftenfindourselvesseekingpleasureandcomfortinsmallrepetitivetasks.Psychologistssuggesttherearemanypotentialmechanisms(機制)thatmightexplaintheperfectpleasureofputtering(慢條斯理地做).___16___PleasantdistractionsOnthesurfacelevel,putteringmaybeusefulbecauseitoccupiesthemind,sothatwegivefewerresourcestothethingsthatareworryingus.___17___Peoplecompletingthesesmalltasksoftenreportasignificantlybettermood.Thisincludedreducednervousnessandevenasenseof“inspiration”,asiftheimmersioninthesimpleactivityhadrefreshedtheirminds.___18___Unlikeotherdistractingactivities—suchasplayingcomputergamesorwatchingtrashyTV—putteringalsohastheadvantageofbeingpositiveanduseful,increasingour“perceivedcontrol”.Whenwefeelanxious,asenseofhelplessnesscanheightenthephysiologicalstressresponse,increasinglevelsofhormones.___19___Butresearchsuggestswecangainaperceptionofcontrolfromactivitiesthatmayhavelittleeffectonthesituationthat’sbotheringus.Tidyroom,focusedmind___20___.Ifyourputteringtakestheformoforganizinganddecluttering(清理),youmayfindthatthetidierenvironmentisitselfaformofcomfort.Tosummarize,ifweseeorderoutside,ithelpsustofeelabitlesschaoticinside.Itiscomfortingbecauseitmakeslifeeasiertomanageandmorepredictable.A.Beingcareful.B.Afeelingofcontrol.C.Thebenefitsdonotendthere.D.Wewillfeelgreatanxietyinourmind.E.Theymaywellencourageyoutoengageinitmoreoften.F.Ideally,wewoulddealdirectlywiththeupsettingsituationitself.G.Forinstance,wemayfindhouseholdtaskscanhelpusfocusonthepresentmoment.【答案】16.E17.G18.B19.F20.C【語篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文。本文主要講述了人們常常在日?，嵤氯缯碜雷?、澆花或疊衣服中尋找樂趣和舒適感的現(xiàn)象，并探討了心理學(xué)家對此的解釋：慢條斯理地做事能帶來多種潛在好處?！?6題詳析】上文“Psychologistssuggesttherearemanypotentialmechanisms(機制)thatmightexplaintheperfectpleasureofputtering(慢條斯理地做).(心理學(xué)家認為，有許多潛在的機制可以解釋慢條斯理做事帶來的完美快樂。)”提到心理學(xué)家認為有許多機制可以解釋人們喜歡慢條斯理做事的現(xiàn)象；E選項“Theymaywellencourageyoutoengageinitmoreoften.(它們可能會鼓勵你更頻繁地參與這樣的活動。)”中的“They”指代前文提到的機制，指出這些機制可能會鼓勵人們更頻繁地參與慢條斯理做事這樣的活動，引出下文對這些機制的具體描述。故選E?！?7題詳析】上文“Onthesurfacelevel,putteringmaybeusefulbecauseitoccupiesthemind,sothatwegivefewerresourcestothethingsthatareworryingus.(從表面上看，慢條斯理做事可能是有益的，因為它占據(jù)了我們的思想，從而讓我們更少地把精力放在令人擔(dān)憂的事情上。)”說明慢條斯理做事可以占據(jù)我們的思想，讓我們更少地擔(dān)憂；G選項“Forinstance,wemayfindhouseholdtaskscanhelpusfocusonthepresentmoment.(例如，我們可能會發(fā)現(xiàn)家務(wù)活可以幫助我們專注于當下。)”舉例說明家務(wù)活這樣的慢條斯理的活動如何幫助我們專注于當下，從而讓我們更少地把精力放在令人擔(dān)憂的事情上，與上文形成銜接。故選G?！?8題詳析】后文“Unlikeotherdistractingactivities—suchasplayingcomputergamesorwatchingtrashyTV—putteringalsohastheadvantageofbeingpositiveanduseful,increasingour“perceivedcontrol”.(不像其他讓人分心的活動——比如玩電腦游戲或看垃圾電視——拖延也有積極和有用的好處，增加了我們的“感知控制”。)”以及“Butresearchsuggestswecangainaperceptionofcontrolfromactivitiesthatmayhavelittleeffectonthesituationthat’sbotheringus.(但研究表明，我們可以從對困擾我們的情況影響不大的活動中獲得控制感)”說明與其他分散注意力的活動相比，慢條斯理地做事還具有積極和有用的優(yōu)勢，可以增加我們的“感知控制”。所以B選項“Afeelingofcontrol(控制的感覺)”適合作本段的主旨句。故選B?！?9題詳析】上文“Whenwefeelanxious,asenseofhelplessnesscanheightenthephysiologicalstressresponse,increasinglevelsofhormones.(當我們感到焦慮時，無助感會加劇生理應(yīng)激反應(yīng)，增加激素水平。)”說明無助感會加劇應(yīng)激反應(yīng)；F選項“Ideally,wewoulddealdirectlywiththeupsettingsituationitself.(理想情況下，我們會直接處理令人不安的情況本身。)”提出理想情況是直接處理令人不安的情況，同時根據(jù)下文“Butresearchsuggestswecangainaperceptionofcontrolfromactivitiesthatmayhavelittleeffectonthesituationthat’sbotheringus.(但研究表明，我們可以從那些對困擾我們的情況幾乎沒有影響的活動中獲得一種控制感。)”與上文形成轉(zhuǎn)折，指出理想做法與現(xiàn)實中無助感加劇應(yīng)激反應(yīng)的不同，理想的做法是直接處理令人不安的情況，但是實際做法卻是我們可以從那些可能對我們正困擾的處境影響甚微的活動中獲得一種控制感，該選項符合語境。故選F。【20題詳析】標題“Tidyroom,focusedmind(整潔的房間，專注的思維)”以及下文“Ifyourputteringtakestheformoforganizinganddecluttering(清理),youmayfindthatthetidierenvironmentisitselfaformofcomfort.(如果你的慢條斯理表現(xiàn)為整理和去雜亂，你可能會發(fā)現(xiàn)，整潔的環(huán)境本身就是一種安慰)”說明整潔的環(huán)境能讓人專注，而且如果你的慢條斯理表現(xiàn)為整理和去雜亂，整潔的環(huán)境本身就是一種安慰。所以空處承上啟下，既總結(jié)了標題提到的好處，也引出下文中其它的好處。所以C項“Thebenefitsdonotendthere.(好處不僅僅于此)”符合語境。故選C。第三部分語言運用（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1分，滿分15分）閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。Asawriter,Imissrejectionslips(退稿通知).NotthatIenjoyedreceivingthosepre-printedslipsofpaper,butatleastwhenIgotone,Iwasprettysurethataflesh-and-blood____21____hadputitintheenvelope.AndtherewasalwaysthechanceImightseeahandwrittensentenceonthebottom,____22____thepiecealmostmadeit.WhenaneditoratMeCall’swrote,“I’mafraidIhavetosaynoonthis____23____piece,buttrymeagainonanother,wouldyou?”,itwasalmostas____24____tomeasifshehadsaid,“We’ll____25____itandhereisanadvanceforyou.”.Nowadays,rejectionslipsseemtohavedisappearedwiththeuseofonlinesubmissions.Mosteditorsdon’tfeelitamustto____26____theyhavereceived,read,orconsideredyourwork____27____theyreceivesomanycontributions(投稿)eachday.Forme,therearethree____28____ofrejectionslippain.Thefirstis____29____broughtonbyfindingaflat“no”ona____30____pieceofpaper,thenfollowedbyanger(howcouldthey____31____apiecethatisobviouslysomuch____32____thanmostofthestufftheyprint),and,finally,rebirth:Iwillliveto____33____anewpieceanotherday.Learningto____34____rejectionseemslikepartofgrowingupasawriter.DespitethemanylettersofacceptanceIhavereceived,myfolderof“NoteworthyRejectionSlips”isfar____35____thanthatof“NoteworthyAcceptances”,whichindicatestomethefact:Istillhavesomegrowinguptodo.21.A.teacher B.reader C.editor D.mailman22.A.demanding B.suspecting C.arguing D.indicating23.A.boring B.novel C.lengthy D.particular24.A.upsetting B.thrilling C.embarrassing D.amusing25.A.buy B.reject C.check D.substitute26.A.prove B.determine C.explain D.acknowledge27.A.if B.but C.because D.although28.A.stages B.wonders C.meanings D.rewards29.A.relief B.frustration C.anger D.hesitation30.A.valueless B.expensive C.characterless D.shiny31.A.makeup B.putaway C.turndown D.takeover32.A.easier B.better C.shorter D.longer33.A.print B.revise C.download D.submit34.A.accept B.criticize C.judge D.evaluate35.A.thinner B.newer C.older D.fatter【答案】21.C22.D23.D24.B25.A26.D27.C28.A29.B30.C31.C32.B33.D34.A35.D【語篇解讀】本文是一篇夾敘夾議文。本文講述了作者作為一名作家，對退稿信的懷念，以及對于自己投稿被拒的一些感悟?！?1題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：并不是說我喜歡收到那些預(yù)先打印好的紙條，但至少當我收到一張紙條時，我很確定是一個有血有肉的編輯放在信封里的。A.writer作家；B.reader讀者；C.editor編輯；D.mailman郵遞員。根據(jù)下文“WhenaneditoratMeCall’swrote,(當MeCall’s的一位編輯寫道，)”和常識可知，退稿信應(yīng)該是由編輯寫后放入信封的。故選C?！?2題詳析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：我總是有可能在底部看到一個手寫的句子，表明這篇文章幾乎成功了。A.demanding要求；B.suspecting懷疑；C.arguing爭論；D.indicating表明。根據(jù)下文“WhenaneditoratMeCall’swrote,“I’mafraidIhavetosaynoonthispiece,buttrymeagainonanother,wouldyou?”,itwasalmostastomeasifshehadsaid,“We’llitandhereisanadvanceforyou.”.(當MeCall的一位編輯寫道：“恐怕我不得不拒絕這篇特殊的文章，但請再試一試另一篇，好嗎？”時，這幾乎讓我感到激動，就好像她在說：“我們將要買它，這是給你的預(yù)付款?！?”可知，作者認為收到的紙條下面很可能看到一個手寫的句子，表明這篇文章幾乎是成功了。故選D?！?3題詳析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：MeCall的一位編輯寫道：“恐怕我不得不拒絕這篇特殊的文章，但請再試一試另一篇，好嗎？”A.boring無聊的；B.novel新穎的；C.lengthy冗長的；D.particular特殊的。根據(jù)下文“buttrymeagainonanother,wouldyou?”可知，這是對于拒絕投稿的委婉的說法，贊揚文章很特別，但是不得不拒絕。故選D?！?4題詳析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：這幾乎讓我感到激動，就好像她在說：“我們將要買它，這是給你的預(yù)付款?！盇.upsetting令人苦惱的；B.thrilling令人激動的；C.embarrassing令人尷尬的；D.amusing引人發(fā)笑的。根據(jù)下文“We’ll________itandhereisanadvanceforyou.”可知，因為就像是作者聽到自己的文章將要被購買，并提前收到了預(yù)付款時，感到非常激動。故選B。【25題詳析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：這幾乎讓我感到激動，就好像她在說：“我們將要買它，這是給你的預(yù)付款。”A.buy買；B.reject拒絕接受；C.check檢查，查看；D.substitute代替。根據(jù)句中“hereisanadvancefor