歷年考研英語試題及答案一

全國碩士研究生入學(xué)統(tǒng)一考試英語試題

SectionIUseofPrepositions

一、在所給的介詞中選擇一個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)奶钊肟瞻祝?本大題共5分，每題分)(注意：各題只

能填寫一個(gè)答案，多填答案不得分)

to,at,insteadof,from,of,with,on,among,between,becauseof,about,

forinto,withregardto,over

1.Thefindingsarefarsatisfactory.

2.Weshalldividetheworkusresearchworkers.

3.Therainyseasoninthatcountryvaries3-4months.

4.Theyhaveneverheardsuchaninvention.

5.Wemustpayattentionthelatestdevelopmentofthesituation.

6.Thenewly-installedcontrolcomputerwillsoonbeputuse.

7.ThenewswhichIamgoingtotellyouisratherserious.

8.Theengineerseemedtoknowwhatthesignstood.

9.Themachinetoolwentoutofcontrolmishandling.

10.Don'tbesatisfiedwhatyouhaveachieved.

SectionIIVerbTenses

二、用所給動詞的適當(dāng)時(shí)態(tài)語態(tài)填入空白：(本大題共10分，第7題2分，其余各題均1

分)(注意：各題只能填寫一個(gè)答案，多填答案不得分)

11.Thosewho'dliketovisittheexhibition(sign)yournameshere,

(weredefeated/hadbeendefeated)

12.Agreatnumberofsmallpowerstations(setup)intheircounty

sinceliberation,(weredefeated/hadbeendefeated)

13.Heaskedmewhethermybrother(fly)toBeijing.(weredefeated/had

beendefeated)

14.Hefellasleepimmediatelylastnight;hemust(be)verytired,

(weredefeated/hadbeendefeated)

15.“Haveyoumovedintothenewflat?”

“Notyet.Therooms(paint).”(weredefeated/hadbeendefeated)

16.Thedirectorrecommendedthatshe(study)moreEnglishbeforegoing

abroad,(weredefeated/hadbeendefeated)

17.Theteachertoldthemsincelight(travel)fasterthansound,

lightning(appear)togobeforethunder.(weredefeated/hadbeen

defeated)

18.Howlongthey(dig)theditch?(weredefeated/hadbeen

defeated)

19.Herefusedtotelluswhetherhe(undertake)thejob.(were

defeated/hadbeendefeated)

SectionIIIVerbForms

三、用所給動詞的適當(dāng)形式（不定式、分詞、動名詞）填入空白：（本大題共15分，每題

分)(注意：各題只能填寫一個(gè)答案，多填答案不得分)

20.Matteristhename(give)toeverythingwhichhasweightand

occupiesspace,(weredefeated/hadbeendefeated)

21.Ishallneverforget(meet)thelatePremierZhouduringhis

inspectionofourfactory,(weredefeated/hadbeendefeated)

22.Iwonderifhecouldgetit(do)beforetomorrow,(weredefeated/had

beendefeated)

23.Night(fall),wehurriedhome,(weredefeated/hadbeendefeated)

24.Abeamoflightwillnotbendroundcornersunless(make)todoso

withthehelpofareflectingdevice,(weredefeated/hadbeendefeated)

25.Wewerebusy(get)thingsreadyforthetrialproductionwhenhe

phonedus.(weredefeated/hadbeendefeated)

26.Somemoleculesarelargeenough(see)undertheelectronic

microscope,(weredefeated/hadbeendefeated)

27.Thefloordoesnotlooksobadwhen(sweep)clean.(were

defeated/hadbeendefeated)

28.(fail)severaltimes,theyneedsomeencouragement.(were

defeated/hadbeendefeated)

29.(catch)intherain,hewaswettotheskin.

SectionIVStructureandVocabulary

四、選擇填空：(本大題共15分,每題1分)在每題下面的[A],[B],[C],[D]四個(gè)答案

中，將你認(rèn)為最合適的答案畫個(gè)。(注意：各題只能填寫一個(gè)答案，多填答案不得

分)

EXAMPLE:

HemethathedecidedtoleaveonMonday.

[A]spoke

[B]said

[C]talked

[D]told

ANSWER:[D]

30.Thistestanumberofmultiplechoicequestions.

[A]composesof

[B]composesin

[C]consistsof(C)

[D]consistsin

31.Shewritesasashersister.

[A]clear

[B]moreclear

[C]clearly(C)

[D]mostclearly

32.Ipreferthisdiagramthatone.

[A]than

[B]morethan

[C]ratherthan(C)

ED]to

33.Ihavebeenstudyinghereforfouryears,bynextsummerI.

[A]shallgraduate

[B]shallbegraduated

[C]shallbegraduating(C)

[D]shallhavegraduated

34.Hardlyhadhefinishedhisspeechtheaudiencestartedcheering.

[A]and

[B]when

[C]than(C)

[D]as

35.Iwishyoulikethat.

[A]don,ttalk

[B]won,ttalk

[C]wouldn,ttalk(C)

[D]nottotalk

36.Onlywhenyouhaveobtainedsufficientdatacometoasound

conclusion.

[A]canyou

[B]wouldyou

[C]youwill(C)

[D]youcan

37.Ifoundtoanswerallthequestionswithinthetimegiven.

[A]nopossibility

[B]therewasimpossibility

[C]impossible(C)

[D]itimpossible

38.Yougonow.It'sgettinglate.

[A]hadrather

[B]wouldrather

[C]hadbetter(C)

[D]wouldbetter

39.Hotmetalasitgrowscooler.

[A]contracts

[B]reduces

[C]condenses(C)

[D]compresses

40.Wooddoesnotconductelectricity;.

[A]sodoesn?trubber

[B]alsodoesn,trubber

[C]nordoesrubber(C)

[D]norrubberdoes

41.ComradeLibeinBeijingbecauseIsawhimintownonlyafew

minutesago.

[A]mustn't

[B]can,t

[C]maynot(C)

[D]isn,tableto

42.Iknowitisn'timportantbutIcan'thelpaboutit.

[A]buttothink

[B]thinking

[C]think(C)

[D]tothink

43.Themorewelookedatthepicture,.

[A]thelesswelikedit

[B]welikeitless

[C]betterwelikedit(C)

ED]itlookedbetter

44.Tosucceedinascientificresearchproject.

[A]oneneedstobepersistent

[B]persistenceisneeded

[C]oneneedsbeapersistentperson(C)

[D]persistenceiswhatoneneeds(weredefeated/hadbeendefeated)(were

defeated/hadbeendefeated)

SectionVError-detection

五、認(rèn)辯錯(cuò)誤：(本大題共5分，每題1分)下面句子中有[A],[B],[C],[D]四處劃線

部分，在你認(rèn)為是錯(cuò)誤的一處畫上“O”。(注意：各題只能填寫一個(gè)答案，多填答案不得

分)

EXAMPLE:

Itisverykindyoutosupplyme.

ANSWER:[D]

45.Neverbeforepeopleourcountrybeenathleticsports.([C]approveof)

46.ofusinthatchemicalplantshouldhavelungsX-rayed.([C]approveof)

47.thetrafficaccidentheinbedfortwoweeks,hiswound.([C]approve

of)

48.Wehimsmokingandalotof.([C]approveof)

49.Thereasonforthegreatofsmokeisthattheretoofactoriesinthecity.

([C]approveof)

SectionVIChinese-EnglishTranslation

六、將下列句子譯成英語：(本大題共20分，第1題2分，其余各題均3分)

50.水一煮沸請立即把開關(guān)關(guān)掉。

51.在八十年代，中國人民將以更大的步伐向前邁進(jìn)。

52.我們都同意李同志已作出的決定。

53.這個(gè)結(jié)果比我們預(yù)期的要好得多。

54.在過去的三年中，在恢復(fù)我國國民經(jīng)濟(jì)方面做了大量的工作。

55.我們把英語作為學(xué)習(xí)西方先進(jìn)科學(xué)技術(shù)的一種工具。

56.沒有黨的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)，我國的社會主義現(xiàn)代化是不可能實(shí)現(xiàn)的。

SectionVIIEnglish-ChineseTranslation

七、將下列短文譯成漢語：（本大題30分）（文科各類專業(yè)譯第1段，理、工、醫(yī)、農(nóng)、

體各類專業(yè)譯第2段）

（1）

ThelifeofAlbertEinsteinisamodelinmanywaysforbothnaturaland

politicalscientists.

Firstofall,healwaysemployedthescientificmethodofseekingtruthfrom

facts.Hefirmlybelievedasheputit,thatthereisnothingincomprehensible

abouttheuniverse,“andthroughpainstakingwork,explainedmanyofthe

phenomenathoughttobe“incomprehensible“inhisday.Einsteinwasalsonever

afraidtoadmitmistakeswhenfactsprovedhistheorieswrong.

Second,Einstein'scontributionsshowedthegreatimportanceoftheoretical

worktoscientificeffort.Althoughhehimselfrarelyworkedinlaboratories,

theconceptshedevelopedledtomanyofthescientificadvanceswhichhave

shapedmoderntechnology.

Third,Einsteinbelievedverydeeplythatscientistsmusthaveamoraland

socialconsciousness.Inthisway,heprovidedinspirationforawhole

generationofscientistswhobecameactiveintheCommunistmovement.

Einsteinisoftenportrayedinbourgeoiswritingsasa“genius”whose

theoriesaresocomplicatedthatnoonebutafewbestscientistscanunderstand

them.Buthehimselfrejectedtheeffortstoputhiminapositionfarabove

otherpeople.Hewaswellknownforhishumblemannerandoftenstressedto

interviewersthathisaccomplishmentswouldcertainlyhavebeenachievedby

othershadheneverlived.

Actually,Einstein'stheoryofrelativityandhisotherscientificworks

arenotthathardtounderstandwithalittlestudy.Butbeyondlearning

Einstein'stheories,hisoverallattitudetowardsscienceasatooltoliberate

humanityissomethingfromwhicheveryonecanandshouldlearn.

（2）

Betweennowandtheendofthecentury,therewillbemanyexciting

developmentsandalsomanydifficultproblemstodealwith.Perhapsthemost

urgentproblemistoprovideenoughfood.Theworldspopulationisexpectedto

reach7,000millionbytheyear2000,butalreadyscientistshaveproducednew

andbettervarietiesofwheatandriceandanimal.Theyhavealsobeen

experimentingwithtechniquesofcultivatingplantsbyusingmixturesof

chemicalcompoundsandwateronly,andthentherewillbenoneedforordinary

soil.Anotherproblemwhichtheworldwillfaceistogetridofrefuse（廢$4）.

Onesolutionistoburnrefuseatveryhightemperaturesinincinerators（焚化

爐）.Adevelopmentofthis,whichmayproveveryusefulinthefuture,istouse

theseincineratorstogeneratesteampower.Infact,anynewsourceofenergy

willbeverywelcome,asthereisalreadyashortageofpetroleum.Tosolvethe

energyproblem,scientistswillprobablyalsotrytomakemoreuseofsolar

energy.

Thepossibleeffectsofsomescientificfields,suchaslasersand

cryogenics（低溫學(xué)），aredifficulttoimagineandbothalreadyhaveanumberof

uses.Thesupercoolingeffectsofthecryogenicswhichconvertliquidhelium（液

態(tài)氮）andothergasesinto“superfluids”andmetalsintosuperconductorsv,

makingthemnon-resistanttoelectricity,couldchangetheworldinanumberof

ways.Thelaser,withitsbeamofstronglight,candrillaholeinadiamond,

andyetcanbesowellcontrolledthatitcanbeusedindelicateeyeoperations.

Thequestioniswhetheritwillbemostusedforpeacefulpurposesorasa

deadlyweapon.

Butperhapsthemostremarkabledevelopmentswilloccurinspaceflight.One

ofthedifficultiesinthepasthasbeenthehighcost,butnowthespace

shuttleisbeingdeveloped,andcanbeusedalargenumberoftimesinsteadof

onlyonce.Alreadymanhasbeentothemoon.Perhapsbytheendofthecentury

hewillhavehadaclose-upviewofVenus（金星）orMars（火星）.

1980年考研英語真題答案

SectionI:UseofPrepositions(5points)

1.from2.among

3.between4.of

5.to6.to,into

7.about8.for

9.becauseof10.with

SectionII:VerbTenses(10points)

11.sign12.havebeensetup

13.hadflown14.havebeen

15.arebeingpainted16.study

17.travels,appears18.have???beendigging

19.wouldundertake

SectionIII:VerbForms(15points)

20.given21.meeting

22.done23.falling

24.made25.getting

26.tobeseen27.swept

28.Havingfailed29.Caught(Havingbeencaught,

Beingcaught)

SectionIV:StructureandVocabulary(15points)

30.[C]31.[C]32.[D]33.[D]34.[B]

35.[C]36.[A]37.[D]38.[C]39.[A]

40.[C]41.[B]42.[B]43.[C]44.[A]

SectionV:Error-detection(5points)

45.EA]46.[D]47.[B]48.[A]49.[B]

SectionVI:Chinese-EnglishTranslation(20points)

50.Pleaseturnofftheswitch(switchoff)assoonasthewaterboils.

51.TheChinesepeoplewillforgeahead(marchon,marchonward,marchforward)

withgreaterstridesin1980,s.

52.WeallagreetothedecisioncomradeLihasmade(made).

53.Theresultismuch(far)betterthanweexpected.

54.Duringthepastthreeyearsalot(ofwork)hasbeendoneintherecovery

(restoration)ofournationaleconomy(inrecoveringournationaleconomy;

inrestoringournationaleconomy).

55.WeuseEnglishasatoolinlearningWesternadvancedscienceandtechnology.

56.Itisimpossibletoaccomplish(carryout,