《安全員》課件-第六章 高處作業(yè)安全

《安全員》TheSecurity第六章高處作業(yè)安全生產(chǎn)技術(shù)Chapter6Safeproductiontechniquesforworkingatheight按照《建筑施工高處作業(yè)安全技術(shù)規(guī)范》（JGJ80—91）的規(guī)定，凡在墜落高度基準(zhǔn)面2m以上（含2m）有可能墜落的高處進(jìn)行的作業(yè)均稱為高處作業(yè)。在施工現(xiàn)場(chǎng)高處作業(yè)中，如果未防護(hù)，防護(hù)不好或作業(yè)不當(dāng)都可能發(fā)生人或物的墜落。人從高處墜落的事故，稱為高處墜落事故，物體從高處墜落砸著下面的人事故，稱為物體打擊事故。Accordingtotheprovisionsof“thetechnicalcodeforsafetyofworkatheightsinbuildingconstruction”(jgj80-91),anyworkcarriedoutataheight2mabove(including2m)thefallingheightdatumplanethatislikelytofalliscalledworkatheights.Duringhigh-altitudeoperationattheconstructionsite,ifthereisnoprotection,poorprotectionorimproperoperation,peopleorobjectsmayfall.Anaccidentinwhichapersonfallsfromaheightiscalledafallingaccident.Anaccidentinwhichanobjectfallsfromaheightandhitsapersonbelowiscalledanobjectstrikeaccident.第一節(jié)高處作業(yè)的類型Section1Typesofworkatheights根據(jù)高處作業(yè)者工作時(shí)所處的部位不同，高處作業(yè)墜落事故可分為：臨邊作業(yè)高處墜落事故、洞口作業(yè)高處墜落事故、攀登作業(yè)高處墜落事故、懸空作業(yè)高處墜落事故、操作平臺(tái)作業(yè)高處墜落事故、交叉作業(yè)高處墜落事故等。長(zhǎng)期以來(lái)，預(yù)防施工現(xiàn)場(chǎng)高處作業(yè)的高處墜落、物體打擊事故始終是施工安全生產(chǎn)的首要任務(wù)。Accordingtothedifferentworkingpositionsofoperatorsatheights,fallingaccidentsatheightscanbedividedinto:fallingaccidentsatedges,fallingaccidentsatopenings,fallingaccidentsatheightsinclimbingoperations,fallingaccidentsatheightsinsuspendedoperations,fallingaccidentsatheightsinoperatingplatforms,fallingaccidentsatheightsincrossoperations,etc.Foralongtime,thepreventionoffallingfromheightandobjectstrikeaccidentsintheconstructionsitehasalwaysbeentheprimarytaskofconstructionsafetyproduction.（1）基坑周邊，無(wú)防護(hù)的陽(yáng)臺(tái)、料臺(tái)與挑平臺(tái)等；Surroundingthefoundationpit,unprotectedbalconies,materialplatforms,andcantileverplatforms;（3）無(wú)防護(hù)的樓梯口和梯段口；Unprotectedstaircasesandflightexits;（2）無(wú)防護(hù)樓層、樓面周邊；Unprotectedfloorsandsurroundingfloors;1.臨邊作業(yè)

Edgeoperation臨邊作業(yè)是指：施工現(xiàn)場(chǎng)中，工作面邊沿?zé)o圍護(hù)設(shè)施或圍護(hù)設(shè)施高度低于80cm時(shí)的高處作業(yè)。Edgeoperationrefersto：high-altitudeoperationsattheconstructionsitewheretherearenoenclosurefacilitiesalongtheedgeoftheworkingfaceorwhentheheightoftheenclosurefacilitiesislessthan80cm.高處作業(yè)的類型有：Typesofworkatheightsinclude:下列作業(yè)條件屬于臨邊作業(yè)：

Thefollowingoperatingconditionsbelongtoedgeoperations:（5）各種垂直運(yùn)輸卸料平臺(tái)的周邊。Surroundingsofvariousverticaltransportationandunloadingplatforms.（4）井架、施工電梯和腳手架等的通道兩側(cè)面；Onbothsidesofthepassageforthemast,constructionelevator,andscaffolding;（1）基坑周邊，無(wú)防護(hù)的陽(yáng)臺(tái)、料臺(tái)與挑平臺(tái)等；Surroundingthefoundationpit,unprotectedbalconies,materialplatforms,andcantileverplatforms;（3）無(wú)防護(hù)的樓梯口和梯段口；Unprotectedstaircasesandflightexits;（2）無(wú)防護(hù)樓層、樓面周邊；Unprotectedfloorsandsurroundingfloors;1.臨邊作業(yè)

Edgeoperation臨邊作業(yè)是指：施工現(xiàn)場(chǎng)中，工作面邊沿?zé)o圍護(hù)設(shè)施或圍護(hù)設(shè)施高度低于80cm時(shí)的高處作業(yè)。Edgeoperationrefersto：high-altitudeoperationsattheconstructionsitewheretherearenoenclosurefacilitiesalongtheedgeoftheworkingfaceorwhentheheightoftheenclosurefacilitiesislessthan80cm.高處作業(yè)的類型有：Typesofworkatheightsinclude:下列作業(yè)條件屬于臨邊作業(yè)：

Thefollowingoperatingconditionsbelongtoedgeoperations:（5）各種垂直運(yùn)輸卸料平臺(tái)的周邊。Surroundingsofvariousverticaltransportationandunloadingplatforms.（4）井架、施工電梯和腳手架等的通道兩側(cè)面；Onbothsidesofthepassageforthemast,constructionelevator,andscaffolding;（1）基坑周邊，無(wú)防護(hù)的陽(yáng)臺(tái)、料臺(tái)與挑平臺(tái)等；Surroundingthefoundationpit,unprotectedbalconies,materialplatforms,andcantileverplatforms;（3）無(wú)防護(hù)的樓梯口和梯段口；Unprotectedstaircasesandflightexits;（2）無(wú)防護(hù)樓層、樓面周邊；Unprotectedfloorsandsurroundingfloors;1.臨邊作業(yè)

Edgeoperation臨邊作業(yè)是指：施工現(xiàn)場(chǎng)中，工作面邊沿?zé)o圍護(hù)設(shè)施或圍護(hù)設(shè)施高度低于80cm時(shí)的高處作業(yè)。Edgeoperationrefersto：high-altitudeoperationsattheconstructionsitewheretherearenoenclosurefacilitiesalongtheedgeoftheworkingfaceorwhentheheightoftheenclosurefacilitiesislessthan80cm.高處作業(yè)的類型有：Typesofworkatheightsinclude:下列作業(yè)條件屬于臨邊作業(yè)：

Thefollowingoperatingconditionsbelongtoedgeoperations:（5）各種垂直運(yùn)輸卸料平臺(tái)的周邊。Surroundingsofvariousverticaltransportationandunloadingplatforms.（4）井架、施工電梯和腳手架等的通道兩側(cè)面；Onbothsidesofthepassageforthemast,constructionelevator,andscaffolding;（1）基坑周邊，無(wú)防護(hù)的陽(yáng)臺(tái)、料臺(tái)與挑平臺(tái)等；Surroundingthefoundationpit,unprotectedbalconies,materialplatforms,andcantileverplatforms;（3）無(wú)防護(hù)的樓梯口和梯段口；Unprotectedstaircasesandflightexits;（2）無(wú)防護(hù)樓層、樓面周邊；Unprotectedfloorsandsurroundingfloors;1.臨邊作業(yè)

Edgeoperation臨邊作業(yè)是指：施工現(xiàn)場(chǎng)中，工作面邊沿?zé)o圍護(hù)設(shè)施或圍護(hù)設(shè)施高度低于80cm時(shí)的高處作業(yè)。Edgeoperationrefersto：high-altitudeoperationsattheconstructionsitewheretherearenoenclosurefacilitiesalongtheedgeoftheworkingfaceorwhentheheightoftheenclosurefacilitiesislessthan80cm.高處作業(yè)的類型有：Typesofworkatheightsinclude:下列作業(yè)條件屬于臨邊作業(yè)：

Thefollowingoperatingconditionsbelongtoedgeoperations:（5）各種垂直運(yùn)輸卸料平臺(tái)的周邊。Surroundingsofvariousverticaltransportationandunloadingplatforms.（4）井架、施工電梯和腳手架等的通道兩側(cè)面；Onbothsidesofthepassageforthemast,constructionelevator,andscaffolding;（1）基坑周邊，無(wú)防護(hù)的陽(yáng)臺(tái)、料臺(tái)與挑平臺(tái)等；Surroundingthefoundationpit,unprotectedbalconies,materialplatforms,andcantileverplatforms;（3）無(wú)防護(hù)的樓梯口和梯段口；Unprotectedstaircasesandflightexits;（2）無(wú)防護(hù)樓層、樓面周邊；Unprotectedfloorsandsurroundingfloors;1.臨邊作業(yè)

Edgeoperation臨邊作業(yè)是指：施工現(xiàn)場(chǎng)中，工作面邊沿?zé)o圍護(hù)設(shè)施或圍護(hù)設(shè)施高度低于80cm時(shí)的高處作業(yè)。Edgeoperationrefersto：high-altitudeoperationsattheconstructionsitewheretherearenoenclosurefacilitiesalongtheedgeoftheworkingfaceorwhentheheightoftheenclosurefacilitiesislessthan80cm.高處作業(yè)的類型有：Typesofworkatheightsinclude:下列作業(yè)條件屬于臨邊作業(yè)：

Thefollowingoperatingconditionsbelongtoedgeoperations:（5）各種垂直運(yùn)輸卸料平臺(tái)的周邊。Surroundingsofvariousverticaltransportationandunloadingplatforms.（4）井架、施工電梯和腳手架等的通道兩側(cè)面；Onbothsidesofthepassageforthemast,constructionelevator,andscaffolding;洞口作業(yè)是指：孔、洞口旁邊的高處作業(yè)，包括施工現(xiàn)場(chǎng)及通道旁深度在2m及2m以上的樁孔、溝槽與管道孔洞等邊沿作業(yè)。

Openingoperationsreferto：high-altitudeoperationsnearholesandopenings,includingedgeoperationssuchaspileholes,trenches,andpipelineholeswithadepthof2mormoreneartheconstructionsiteandpassageways.2.洞口作業(yè)

Openingoperation建筑物的樓梯口、電梯口及設(shè)備安裝預(yù)留洞口等（在未安裝正式欄桿，門窗等圍護(hù)結(jié)構(gòu)時(shí)），還有一些施工需要預(yù)留的上料口、通道口、施工口等。凡是在2.5cm以上，洞口若沒有防護(hù)時(shí)，就有造成作業(yè)人員高處墜落的危險(xiǎn)；或者若不慎將物體從這些洞口墜落時(shí)，還可能造成下面的人員發(fā)生物體打擊事故。

Thereservedopeningsfortheinstallationofstairs,elevators,andequipmentinbuildings(whenformalrailings,doorsandwindows,andotherprotectivestructuresarenotinstalled),aswellassomeloadingports,passageports,andconstructionportsthatneedtobereservedforconstruction.Iftheopeningisabove2.5cmandthereisnoprotection,thereisariskofoperatorsfallingfromheight;Orifanobjectisaccidentallydroppedfromtheseopenings,itmayalsocauseanobjectstrikeaccidentforpersonnelbelow.2.洞口作業(yè)

Openingoperation3.攀登作業(yè)

ClimbingOperations

攀登作業(yè)是指：借助建筑結(jié)構(gòu)或腳手架上的登高設(shè)施或采用梯子或其他登高設(shè)施在攀登條件下進(jìn)行的高處作業(yè)。

Climbingoperationsreferto：high-altitudeoperationscarriedoutunderclimbingconditionsusingclimbingfacilitiesonbuildingstructuresorscaffolding,orusingladdersorotherclimbingfacilities.

在建筑物周圍搭拆腳手架、張掛安全網(wǎng)，裝拆塔機(jī)、龍門架、井字架、施工電梯、樁架，登高安裝鋼結(jié)構(gòu)構(gòu)件等作業(yè)都屬于這種作業(yè)。進(jìn)行攀登作業(yè)時(shí)作業(yè)人員由于沒有作業(yè)平臺(tái)，只能攀登在可借助物的架子上作業(yè)，要借助一手攀，一只腳勾或用腰繩來(lái)保持平衡，身體重心垂線不通過腳下，作業(yè)難度大，危險(xiǎn)性大，若有不慎就可能墜落。

Erectinganddismantlingscaffolding,hangingsafetynetsaroundbuildings,installinganddismantlingtowercranes,gantryframes,wellframes,constructionelevators,pileracks,andinstallingsteelstructuralcomponentsatheightsallbelongtothistypeofoperation.Whencarryingoutclimbingoperations,theoperators,duetothelackofaworkplatform,canonlyclimbonashelfwithaccessibleobjects.Theyneedtouseonehandtoclimb,onefoottohook,orawaistropetomaintainbalance.Theverticallineofthebody'scenterofgravitydoesnotpassthroughthefeet,makingtheoperationdifficultanddangerous.Iftheyarenotcareful,theymayfall.懸空作業(yè)是指：在周邊臨空狀態(tài)下進(jìn)進(jìn)行高處作業(yè)。其特點(diǎn)是在操作者無(wú)立足點(diǎn)或無(wú)牢靠立足點(diǎn)條件下進(jìn)行高處作業(yè)。

Suspendedoperationrefersto:carryingouthigh-altitudeoperationswhilethesurroundingareaisinanairbornestate.Itscharacteristicistoperformhigh-altitudeoperationswhentheoperatorhasnofootholdorasecurefoothold.4.懸空作業(yè)

Suspendedoperation建筑施工中的構(gòu)件吊裝，利用吊籃進(jìn)行外裝修，懸挑或懸空梁板、雨棚等特殊部位支拆模板、扎筋、澆砼等項(xiàng)作業(yè)都屬于懸空作業(yè)，由于是在不穩(wěn)定的條件下施工作業(yè)，危險(xiǎn)性很大。Theliftingofcomponentsinconstruction,theuseofhangingbasketsforexteriordecoration,andthesupportanddismantlingofformwork,reinforcement,andconcretepouringinspecialpartssuchassuspendedorsuspendedbeamsandslabs,awnings,etc.areallsuspendedoperations.Duetotheunstableconstructionconditions,therisksarehigh.交叉作業(yè)是指：在施工現(xiàn)場(chǎng)的上下不同層次，于空間貫通狀態(tài)下同時(shí)進(jìn)行的高處作業(yè)?，F(xiàn)場(chǎng)施工上部搭設(shè)腳手架、吊運(yùn)物料、地面上的人員搬運(yùn)材料、制作鋼筋，或外墻裝修下面打底抹灰、上面進(jìn)行面層裝飾等等，都是施工現(xiàn)場(chǎng)的交叉作業(yè)。交叉作業(yè)中，若高處作業(yè)不慎碰掉物料，失手掉下工具或吊運(yùn)物體散落，都可能砸到下面的作業(yè)人員，發(fā)生物體打擊傷亡事故。Crossoperationrefersto:high-altitudeoperationscarriedoutsimultaneouslyatdifferentlevelsoftheconstructionsite,inastateofspatialcontinuity.Theinstallationofscaffolding,liftingofmaterials,handlingofmaterialsbypersonnelontheground,productionofsteelbars,orbottomplasteringofexteriorwalldecoration,surfacedecorationontop,areallcrossoperationsattheconstructionsite.Incrossoperation,ifmaterialsareaccidentallytouched,toolsaredroppedorobjectsarescatteredduringhigh-altitudeoperations,itmayhittheoperatorsbelow,leadingtobiologicalinjuryanddeathaccidents.5.交叉作業(yè)

cross-operation第二節(jié)高處作業(yè)安全技術(shù)要求Section2SafetyTechnicalRequirementsforHighAltitudeOperations（1）高處作業(yè)的安全技術(shù)措施及其所需料具，必須列入工程的施工組織設(shè)計(jì)。(1)Thesafetytechnicalmeasuresandrequiredmaterialsandtoolsforhigh-altitudeoperationsmustbeincludedintheconstructionorganizationdesignoftheproject.（3）高處作業(yè)中的安全標(biāo)志、工具、儀表、電氣設(shè)施和各種設(shè)備，必須在施工前加以檢查，確認(rèn)其完好，方能投入使用。(3)Safetysigns,tools,instruments,electricalfacilities,andvariousequipmentusedinhigh-altitudeoperationsmustbeinspectedandconfirmedtobeingoodconditionbeforetheycanbeputintouse.（2）單位工程施工負(fù)責(zé)人應(yīng)對(duì)工程的高處作業(yè)安全技術(shù)負(fù)責(zé)并建立相應(yīng)的責(zé)任制。施工前，應(yīng)逐級(jí)進(jìn)行安全技術(shù)教育及交底，落實(shí)所有安全技術(shù)措施和人身防護(hù)用品，未經(jīng)落實(shí)時(shí)不得進(jìn)行施工。(2)Thepersoninchargeofunitengineeringconstructionshallberesponsibleforthesafetytechnologyofhigh-altitudeoperationsintheprojectandestablishacorrespondingresponsibilitysystem.Beforeconstruction,safetytechnicaleducationanddisclosureshouldbecarriedoutstepbystep,andallsafetytechnicalmeasuresandpersonalprotectiveequipmentshouldbeimplemented.Constructionshouldnotbecarriedoutwithoutapproval.一、基本規(guī)定I.Basicprovisions（1）高處作業(yè)的安全技術(shù)措施及其所需料具，必須列入工程的施工組織設(shè)計(jì)。(1)Thesafetytechnicalmeasuresandrequiredmaterialsandtoolsforhigh-altitudeoperationsmustbeincludedintheconstructionorganizationdesignoftheproject.（3）高處作業(yè)中的安全標(biāo)志、工具、儀表、電氣設(shè)施和各種設(shè)備，必須在施工前加以檢查，確認(rèn)其完好，方能投入使用。(3)Safetysigns,tools,instruments,electricalfacilities,andvariousequipmentusedinhigh-altitudeoperationsmustbeinspectedandconfirmedtobeingoodconditionbeforetheycanbeputintouse.（2）單位工程施工負(fù)責(zé)人應(yīng)對(duì)工程的高處作業(yè)安全技術(shù)負(fù)責(zé)并建立相應(yīng)的責(zé)任制。施工前，應(yīng)逐級(jí)進(jìn)行安全技術(shù)教育及交底，落實(shí)所有安全技術(shù)措施和人身防護(hù)用品，未經(jīng)落實(shí)時(shí)不得進(jìn)行施工。(2)Thepersoninchargeofunitengineeringconstructionshallberesponsibleforthesafetytechnologyofhigh-altitudeoperationsintheprojectandestablishacorrespondingresponsibilitysystem.Beforeconstruction,safetytechnicaleducationanddisclosureshouldbecarriedoutstepbystep,andallsafetytechnicalmeasuresandpersonalprotectiveequipmentshouldbeimplemented.Constructionshouldnotbecarriedoutwithoutapproval.一、基本規(guī)定I.Basicprovisions（1）高處作業(yè)的安全技術(shù)措施及其所需料具，必須列入工程的施工組織設(shè)計(jì)。(1)Thesafetytechnicalmeasuresandrequiredmaterialsandtoolsforhigh-altitudeoperationsmustbeincludedintheconstructionorganizationdesignoftheproject.（3）高處作業(yè)中的安全標(biāo)志、工具、儀表、電氣設(shè)施和各種設(shè)備，必須在施工前加以檢查，確認(rèn)其完好，方能投入使用。(3)Safetysigns,tools,instruments,electricalfacilities,andvariousequipmentusedinhigh-altitudeoperationsmustbeinspectedandconfirmedtobeingoodconditionbeforetheycanbeputintouse.（2）單位工程施工負(fù)責(zé)人應(yīng)對(duì)工程的高處作業(yè)安全技術(shù)負(fù)責(zé)并建立相應(yīng)的責(zé)任制。施工前，應(yīng)逐級(jí)進(jìn)行安全技術(shù)教育及交底，落實(shí)所有安全技術(shù)措施和人身防護(hù)用品，未經(jīng)落實(shí)時(shí)不得進(jìn)行施工。(2)Thepersoninchargeofunitengineeringconstructionshallberesponsibleforthesafetytechnologyofhigh-altitudeoperationsintheprojectandestablishacorrespondingresponsibilitysystem.Beforeconstruction,safetytechnicaleducationanddisclosureshouldbecarriedoutstepbystep,andallsafetytechnicalmeasuresandpersonalprotectiveequipmentshouldbeimplemented.Constructionshouldnotbecarriedoutwithoutapproval.一、基本規(guī)定I.Basicprovisions（4）攀登和懸空高處作業(yè)人員及搭設(shè)高處作業(yè)安全設(shè)施的人員，必須經(jīng)過專業(yè)技術(shù)培訓(xùn)及專業(yè)考試合格，持證上崗，并必須定期進(jìn)行體格檢查。(4)Climbingandhanginghighplaceoperatorsandthosewhoerectsafetyfacilitiesforhighplaceoperationsmustreceiveprofessionaltechnicaltrainingandpassprofessionalexaminations,takeuptheirpostswithcertificates,andmustundergoregularphysicalexamination.（6）施工作業(yè)場(chǎng)所有墜落可能的物件，應(yīng)一律先行撤除或加以固定。(6)Allpotentialfallingobjectsontheconstructionsiteshouldberemovedorfixedfirst.（5）施工中對(duì)高處作業(yè)的安全技術(shù)設(shè)施，發(fā)現(xiàn)有缺陷和隱患時(shí)，必須及時(shí)解決；危及人身安全時(shí)，必須停止作業(yè)。(5)Whendefectsandhiddendangersarefoundinthesafetytechnicalfacilitiesforhigh-altitudeoperationsduringconstruction,theymustbepromptlyresolved;Whenendangeringpersonalsafety,operationsmustbestopped.一、基本規(guī)定I.Basicprovisions（4）攀登和懸空高處作業(yè)人員及搭設(shè)高處作業(yè)安全設(shè)施的人員，必須經(jīng)過專業(yè)技術(shù)培訓(xùn)及專業(yè)考試合格，持證上崗，并必須定期進(jìn)行體格檢查。(4)Climbingandhanginghighplaceoperatorsandthosewhoerectsafetyfacilitiesforhighplaceoperationsmustreceiveprofessionaltechnicaltrainingandpassprofessionalexaminations,takeuptheirpostswithcertificates,andmustundergoregularphysicalexamination.（6）施工作業(yè)場(chǎng)所有墜落可能的物件，應(yīng)一律先行撤除或加以固定。(6)Allpotentialfallingobjectsontheconstructionsiteshouldberemovedorfixedfirst.（5）施工中對(duì)高處作業(yè)的安全技術(shù)設(shè)施，發(fā)現(xiàn)有缺陷和隱患時(shí)，必須及時(shí)解決；危及人身安全時(shí)，必須停止作業(yè)。(5)Whendefectsandhiddendangersarefoundinthesafetytechnicalfacilitiesforhigh-altitudeoperationsduringconstruction,theymustbepromptlyresolved;Whenendangeringpersonalsafety,operationsmustbestopped.一、基本規(guī)定I.Basicprovisions（4）攀登和懸空高處作業(yè)人員及搭設(shè)高處作業(yè)安全設(shè)施的人員，必須經(jīng)過專業(yè)技術(shù)培訓(xùn)及專業(yè)考試合格，持證上崗，并必須定期進(jìn)行體格檢查。(4)Climbingandhanginghighplaceoperatorsandthosewhoerectsafetyfacilitiesforhighplaceoperationsmustreceiveprofessionaltechnicaltrainingandpassprofessionalexaminations,takeuptheirpostswithcertificates,andmustundergoregularphysicalexamination.（6）施工作業(yè)場(chǎng)所有墜落可能的物件，應(yīng)一律先行撤除或加以固定。(6)Allpotentialfallingobjectsontheconstructionsiteshouldberemovedorfixedfirst.（5）施工中對(duì)高處作業(yè)的安全技術(shù)設(shè)施，發(fā)現(xiàn)有缺陷和隱患時(shí)，必須及時(shí)解決；危及人身安全時(shí)，必須停止作業(yè)。(5)Whendefectsandhiddendangersarefoundinthesafetytechnicalfacilitiesforhigh-altitudeoperationsduringconstruction,theymustbepromptlyresolved;Whenendangeringpersonalsafety,operationsmustbestopped.一、基本規(guī)定I.Basicprovisions高處作業(yè)中所用的物料，均應(yīng)堆放平穩(wěn)，不妨礙通行和裝卸。工具應(yīng)隨手放入工具袋；作業(yè)中的走道、通道板和登高用具，應(yīng)隨時(shí)清掃干凈；拆卸下的物件及余料和廢料均應(yīng)及時(shí)清理運(yùn)走，不得任意亂置或向下丟棄。傳遞物件禁止拋擲。Materialsusedinhigh-altitudeoperationsshouldbestackedsteadilyandnotobstructpassageandloadingandunloading.Toolsshouldbeeasilyplacedinthetoolbag;Thewalkways,passageboards,andclimbingequipmentduringhomeworkshouldbecleanedatalltimes;Thedismantledobjects,surplusmaterials,andwastematerialsshouldbepromptlycleanedandtransportedaway,andshouldnotbearbitrarilyplacedordiscardeddownwards.Itisprohibitedtothrowobjectsduringtransmission.一、基本規(guī)定I.Basicprovisions（7）雨天和雪天進(jìn)行高處作業(yè)時(shí)，必須采取可靠的防滑、防寒和防凍措施。凡水、冰、霜、雪均應(yīng)及時(shí)清除。(7)Whenconductinghigh-altitudeoperationsonrainyandsnowydays,reliableantislip,cold,andfreezingmeasuresmustbetaken.Allwater,ice,frost,andsnowshouldbepromptlyremoved.一、基本規(guī)定I.Basicprovisions對(duì)進(jìn)行高處作業(yè)的高聳建筑物，應(yīng)事先設(shè)置避雷設(shè)施。遇有六級(jí)以上強(qiáng)風(fēng)、濃霧等惡劣氣候，不得進(jìn)行露天攀登與懸空高處作業(yè)。暴風(fēng)雪及臺(tái)風(fēng)暴雨后，應(yīng)對(duì)高處作業(yè)安全設(shè)施逐一加以檢查，發(fā)現(xiàn)有松動(dòng)、變形、損壞或脫落等現(xiàn)象，應(yīng)立即修理完善。Forhigh-risebuildingsconductinghigh-altitudeoperations,lightningprotectionfacilitiesshouldbeinstalledinadvance.Incaseofsevereweatherconditionssuchasstrongwindsofforcesixorabove,densefog,etc.,outdoorclimbingandsuspendedhigh-altitudeoperationsarenotallowed.Aftersnowstormandtyphoon,thesafetyfacilitiesforworkatheightsshallbecheckedonebyone,andanylooseness,deformation,damageorfallingoffshallberepairedandimprovedimmediately.（8）因作業(yè)必需臨時(shí)拆除或變動(dòng)安全防護(hù)設(shè)施時(shí)，必須經(jīng)施工負(fù)責(zé)人同意，并采取相應(yīng)的可靠措施，作業(yè)后應(yīng)立即恢復(fù)。(8)Whenitisnecessarytotemporarilydismantleorchangesafetyprotectionfacilitiesduetowork,theconsentoftheconstructionleadermustbeobtained,andcorrespondingreliablemeasuresmustbetaken.Afterthework,itshouldbeimmediatelyrestored.（10）高處作業(yè)安全設(shè)施的主要受力桿件，力學(xué)計(jì)算按一般結(jié)構(gòu)力學(xué)公式，強(qiáng)度及撓度計(jì)算按現(xiàn)行有關(guān)規(guī)范進(jìn)行，但鋼受彎構(gòu)件的強(qiáng)度計(jì)算不考慮塑性影響，構(gòu)造上應(yīng)符合現(xiàn)行的相應(yīng)規(guī)范的要求。(10)Themechanicalcalculationofthemainload-bearingbarsofthesafetyfacilitiesforworkatheightsshallbecarriedoutaccordingtothegeneralStructuralmechanicsformula,andthestrengthanddeflectioncalculationshallbecarriedoutaccordingtothecurrentrelevantspecifications,butthestrengthcalculationofthesteelflexuralmembersshallnotconsidertheplasticeffect,andthestructureshallmeettherequirementsofthecurrentcorrespondingspecifications.（9）防護(hù)棚搭設(shè)與拆除時(shí)，應(yīng)設(shè)警戒區(qū)，并應(yīng)派專人監(jiān)護(hù)。嚴(yán)禁上下同時(shí)拆除。(9)Whensettingupanddismantlingprotectivesheds,awarningareashouldbesetupandadedicatedpersonshouldbeassignedtosupervise.Itisstrictlyprohibitedtodismantlebothupanddownsimultaneously.一、基本規(guī)定I.Basicprovisions（8）因作業(yè)必需臨時(shí)拆除或變動(dòng)安全防護(hù)設(shè)施時(shí)，必須經(jīng)施工負(fù)責(zé)人同意，并采取相應(yīng)的可靠措施，作業(yè)后應(yīng)立即恢復(fù)。(8)Whenitisnecessarytotemporarilydismantleorchangesafetyprotectionfacilitiesduetowork,theconsentoftheconstructionleadermustbeobtained,andcorrespondingreliablemeasuresmustbetaken.Afterthework,itshouldbeimmediatelyrestored.（10）高處作業(yè)安全設(shè)施的主要受力桿件，力學(xué)計(jì)算按一般結(jié)構(gòu)力學(xué)公式，強(qiáng)度及撓度計(jì)算按現(xiàn)行有關(guān)規(guī)范進(jìn)行，但鋼受彎構(gòu)件的強(qiáng)度計(jì)算不考慮塑性影響，構(gòu)造上應(yīng)符合現(xiàn)行的相應(yīng)規(guī)范的要求。(10)Themechanicalcalculationofthemainload-bearingbarsofthesafetyfacilitiesforworkatheightsshallbecarriedoutaccordingtothegeneralStructuralmechanicsformula,andthestrengthanddeflectioncalculationshallbecarriedoutaccordingtothecurrentrelevantspecifications,butthestrengthcalculationofthesteelflexuralmembersshallnotconsidertheplasticeffect,andthestructureshallmeettherequirementsofthecurrentcorrespondingspecifications.（9）防護(hù)棚搭設(shè)與拆除時(shí)，應(yīng)設(shè)警戒區(qū)，并應(yīng)派專人監(jiān)護(hù)。嚴(yán)禁上下同時(shí)拆除。(9)Whensettingupanddismantlingprotectivesheds,awarningareashouldbesetupandadedicatedpersonshouldbeassignedtosupervise.Itisstrictlyprohibitedtodismantlebothupanddownsimultaneously.一、基本規(guī)定I.Basicprovisions（8）因作業(yè)必需臨時(shí)拆除或變動(dòng)安全防護(hù)設(shè)施時(shí)，必須經(jīng)施工負(fù)責(zé)人同意，并采取相應(yīng)的可靠措施，作業(yè)后應(yīng)立即恢復(fù)。(8)Whenitisnecessarytotemporarilydismantleorchangesafetyprotectionfacilitiesduetowork,theconsentoftheconstructionleadermustbeobtained,andcorrespondingreliablemeasuresmustbetaken.Afterthework,itshouldbeimmediatelyrestored.（10）高處作業(yè)安全設(shè)施的主要受力桿件，力學(xué)計(jì)算按一般結(jié)構(gòu)力學(xué)公式，強(qiáng)度及撓度計(jì)算按現(xiàn)行有關(guān)規(guī)范進(jìn)行，但鋼受彎構(gòu)件的強(qiáng)度計(jì)算不考慮塑性影響，構(gòu)造上應(yīng)符合現(xiàn)行的相應(yīng)規(guī)范的要求。(10)Themechanicalcalculationofthemainload-bearingbarsofthesafetyfacilitiesforworkatheightsshallbecarriedoutaccordingtothegeneralStructuralmechanicsformula,andthestrengthanddeflectioncalculationshallbecarriedoutaccordingtothecurrentrelevantspecifications,butthestrengthcalculationofthesteelflexuralmembersshallnotconsidertheplasticeffect,andthestructureshallmeettherequirementsofthecurrentcorrespondingspecifications.（9）防護(hù)棚搭設(shè)與拆除時(shí)，應(yīng)設(shè)警戒區(qū)，并應(yīng)派專人監(jiān)護(hù)。嚴(yán)禁上下同時(shí)拆除。(9)Whensettingupanddismantlingprotectivesheds,awarningareashouldbesetupandadedicatedpersonshouldbeassignedtosupervise.Itisstrictlyprohibitedtodismantlebothupanddownsimultaneously.一、基本規(guī)定I.Basicprovisions（1）基坑周邊，尚未安裝欄桿或欄板的陽(yáng)臺(tái)、料臺(tái)與挑平臺(tái)周邊，雨篷與挑檐邊，無(wú)外腳手的屋面與樓層周邊及水箱與水塔周邊等處，都必須設(shè)置防護(hù)欄桿。(1)Protectiverailingsmustbeprovidedaroundtheperimeterofthepit,aroundbalconies,materialplatformsandpicketplatformswhererailingsorbalustradeshavenotbeeninstalled,aroundcanopiesandeaves,aroundroofsandfloorswithoutexternalhandrailsandaroundwatertanksandtowers.（3）分層施工的樓梯口和梯段邊，必須安裝臨時(shí)護(hù)欄。頂層樓梯口應(yīng)隨工程結(jié)構(gòu)進(jìn)度安裝正式防護(hù)欄桿。(3)Temporaryguardrailsmustbeinstalledatthestaircaseentrancesandflightedgesduringlayeredconstruction.Thetopstaircaseshouldbeequippedwithformalprotectiverailingsastheengineeringstructureprogresses.（2）頭層墻高度超過3.2m的二層樓面周邊，以及無(wú)外腳手的高度超過3.2m的樓層周邊，必須在外圍架設(shè)安全平網(wǎng)一道。(2)Asafetynetmustbeinstalledaroundtheperimeterofthesecondfloorwheretheheightofthefirstfloorwallexceeds3.2m,andaroundtheperimeterofthefloorwheretherearenoexternalscaffoldingandtheheightexceeds3.2m.二、臨邊與洞口作業(yè)的安全防護(hù)2、Safetyprotectionforedgeandportaloperations1.臨邊作業(yè)1.Edgeoperation對(duì)臨邊高處作業(yè)，必須設(shè)置防護(hù)措施，并符合下列規(guī)定：Forhigh-altitudeoperationsneartheedge,protectivemeasuresmustbesetupandcomplywiththefollowingregulations:（1）基坑周邊，尚未安裝欄桿或欄板的陽(yáng)臺(tái)、料臺(tái)與挑平臺(tái)周邊，雨篷與挑檐邊，無(wú)外腳手的屋面與樓層周邊及水箱與水塔周邊等處，都必須設(shè)置防護(hù)欄桿。(1)Protectiverailingsmustbeprovidedaroundtheperimeterofthepit,aroundbalconies,materialplatformsandpicketplatformswhererailingsorbalustradeshavenotbeeninstalled,aroundcanopiesandeaves,aroundroofsandfloorswithoutexternalhandrailsandaroundwatertanksandtowers.（3）分層施工的樓梯口和梯段邊，必須安裝臨時(shí)護(hù)欄。頂層樓梯口應(yīng)隨工程結(jié)構(gòu)進(jìn)度安裝正式防護(hù)欄桿。(3)Temporaryguardrailsmustbeinstalledatthestaircaseentrancesandflightedgesduringlayeredconstruction.Thetopstaircaseshouldbeequippedwithformalprotectiverailingsastheengineeringstructureprogresses.（2）頭層墻高度超過3.2m的二層樓面周邊，以及無(wú)外腳手的高度超過3.2m的樓層周邊，必須在外圍架設(shè)安全平網(wǎng)一道。(2)Asafetynetmustbeinstalledaroundtheperimeterofthesecondfloorwheretheheightofthefirstfloorwallexceeds3.2m,andaroundtheperimeterofthefloorwheretherearenoexternalscaffoldingandtheheightexceeds3.2m.二、臨邊與洞口作業(yè)的安全防護(hù)2、Safetyprotectionforedgeandportaloperations1.臨邊作業(yè)1.Edgeoperation對(duì)臨邊高處作業(yè)，必須設(shè)置防護(hù)措施，并符合下列規(guī)定：Forhigh-altitudeoperationsneartheedge,protectivemeasuresmustbesetupandcomplywiththefollowingregulations:（1）基坑周邊，尚未安裝欄桿或欄板的陽(yáng)臺(tái)、料臺(tái)與挑平臺(tái)周邊，雨篷與挑檐邊，無(wú)外腳手的屋面與樓層周邊及水箱與水塔周邊等處，都必須設(shè)置防護(hù)欄桿。(1)Protectiverailingsmustbeprovidedaroundtheperimeterofthepit,aroundbalconies,materialplatformsandpicketplatformswhererailingsorbalustradeshavenotbeeninstalled,aroundcanopiesandeaves,aroundroofsandfloorswithoutexternalhandrailsandaroundwatertanksandtowers.（3）分層施工的樓梯口和梯段邊，必須安裝臨時(shí)護(hù)欄。頂層樓梯口應(yīng)隨工程結(jié)構(gòu)進(jìn)度安裝正式防護(hù)欄桿。(3)Temporaryguardrailsmustbeinstalledatthestaircaseentrancesandflightedgesduringlayeredconstruction.Thetopstaircaseshouldbeequippedwithformalprotectiverailingsastheengineeringstructureprogresses.（2）頭層墻高度超過3.2m的二層樓面周邊，以及無(wú)外腳手的高度超過3.2m的樓層周邊，必須在外圍架設(shè)安全平網(wǎng)一道。(2)Asafetynetmustbeinstalledaroundtheperimeterofthesecondfloorwheretheheightofthefirstfloorwallexceeds3.2m,andaroundtheperimeterofthefloorwheretherearenoexternalscaffoldingandtheheightexceeds3.2m.二、臨邊與洞口作業(yè)的安全防護(hù)2、Safetyprotectionforedgeandportaloperations1.臨邊作業(yè)1.Edgeoperation對(duì)臨邊高處作業(yè)，必須設(shè)置防護(hù)措施，并符合下列規(guī)定：Forhigh-altitudeoperationsneartheedge,protectivemeasuresmustbesetupandcomplywiththefollowingregulations:（4）井架與施工用電梯和腳手架等與建筑物通道的兩側(cè)邊，必須設(shè)防護(hù)欄桿。地面通道上部應(yīng)裝設(shè)安全防護(hù)棚。雙籠井架通道中間，應(yīng)予分隔封閉。(4)Thesidesofthederricksandconstructionliftsandscaffolding,etc.andbuildingaccessmustbeequippedwithprotectiverailings.Theupperpartofthegroundchannelshouldbeequippedwithasafetyshed.Themiddleofthepassageofthedoublecagederrickshallbeseparatedandclosed.（5）各種垂直運(yùn)輸接料平臺(tái)，除兩側(cè)設(shè)防護(hù)欄桿外，平臺(tái)口還應(yīng)設(shè)置安全門或活動(dòng)防護(hù)欄桿。(5)Variousverticaltransportationandmaterialreceivingplatformsshouldbeequippedwithsafetydoorsormovableprotectiverailingsattheplatformentrance,inadditiontoprotectiveguardrailsonbothsides.二、臨邊與洞口作業(yè)的安全防護(hù)2、Safetyprotectionforedgeandportaloperations1.臨邊作業(yè)1.Edgeoperation對(duì)臨邊高處作業(yè)，必須設(shè)置防護(hù)措施，并符合下列規(guī)定：Forhigh-altitudeoperationsneartheedge,protectivemeasuresmustbesetupandcomplywiththefollowingregulations:（4）井架與施工用電梯和腳手架等與建筑物通道的兩側(cè)邊，必須設(shè)防護(hù)欄桿。地面通道上部應(yīng)裝設(shè)安全防護(hù)棚。雙籠井架通道中間，應(yīng)予分隔封閉。(4)Thesidesofthederricksandconstructionliftsandscaffolding,etc.andbuildingaccessmustbeequippedwithprotectiverailings.Theupperpartofthegroundchannelshouldbeequippedwithasafetyshed.Themiddleofthepassageofthedoublecagederrickshallbeseparatedandclosed.（5）各種垂直運(yùn)輸接料平臺(tái)，除兩側(cè)設(shè)防護(hù)欄桿外，平臺(tái)口還應(yīng)設(shè)置安全門或活動(dòng)防護(hù)欄桿。(5)Variousverticaltransportationandmaterialreceivingplatformsshouldbeequippedwithsafetydoorsormovableprotectiverailingsattheplatformentrance,inadditiontoprotectiveguardrailsonbothsides.二、臨邊與洞口作業(yè)的安全防護(hù)2、Safetyprotectionforedgeandportaloperations1.臨邊作業(yè)1.Edgeoperation對(duì)臨邊高處作業(yè)，必須設(shè)置防護(hù)措施，并符合下列規(guī)定：Forhigh-altitudeoperationsneartheedge,protectivemeasuresmustbesetupandcomplywiththefollowingregulations:臨邊防護(hù)欄桿桿件的規(guī)格及連接要求，應(yīng)符合下列規(guī)定：Thespecificationsandconnectionrequirementsoftheedgeprotectionrailingpostsshallbeinaccordancewiththefollowingprovisions:1）毛竹橫桿小頭有效直徑不應(yīng)小于70mm，欄桿柱小頭直徑不應(yīng)小于80mm，并須用不小于16號(hào)的鍍鋅鋼絲綁扎，不應(yīng)少于3圈，并無(wú)瀉滑。1)Theeffectivediameterofthesmallendofthebamboocrossbarshouldnotbelessthan70mm,andthediameterofthesmallendoftherailingcolumnshouldnotbelessthan80mm.Itmustbeboundwithgalvanizedsteelwireofnolessthan16gauge,andshouldnotbelessthan3turns,withoutanyslipping.2）原木橫桿上桿梢徑不應(yīng)小于70mm，下桿稍徑不應(yīng)小于60mm，欄桿柱梢徑不應(yīng)小于75mm.并須用相應(yīng)長(zhǎng)度的圓釘釘緊，或用不小于12號(hào)的鍍鋅鋼絲綁扎，要求表面平順和穩(wěn)固無(wú)動(dòng)搖。2)Thetopdiameterofthelogcrossbarshouldnotbelessthan70mm,thelowerdiametershouldnotbelessthan60mm,andthetopdiameteroftherailingcolumnshouldnotbelessthan75mm.Itmustbenailedtightlywithcorrespondinglengthcircularnailsortiedwithgalvanizedsteelwireofnolessthan12gauge,andthesurfaceshouldbesmoothandstablewithoutshaking.3）鋼筋橫桿上桿直徑不應(yīng)小于16mm，下桿直徑不應(yīng)小于14mm。鋼管橫桿及欄桿柱直徑不應(yīng)小于18mm，采用電焊或鍍鋅鋼絲綁孔固定。3)Thediameteroftheupperbarofthesteelbarcrossbarshouldnotbelessthan16mm,andthediameterofthelowerbarshouldnotbelessthan14mm.Thediameterofthesteelpipecrossbarandrailingcolumnshouldnotbelessthan18mm,andtheyshouldbefixedwithelectricweldingorgalvanizedsteelwirebindingholes.（1）板與墻的洞口，必須設(shè)置牢固的蓋板、防護(hù)欄桿、安全網(wǎng)或其他防墜落的防護(hù)設(shè)施。(1)Holesinslabsa