高中語法專項(xiàng)復(fù)習(xí)虛擬語氣講解省公開課金獎(jiǎng)全國賽課一等獎(jiǎng)微課獲獎(jiǎng)?wù)n件

Subjunctive

Mood1/25

虛擬語氣主要內(nèi)容一、非真實(shí)條件句（if等）中虛擬語氣時(shí)態(tài)一致

2.混合條件句3.含蓄條件句4.倒裝句5.Ifonly感嘆二、名詞性從句虛擬語氣：賓語從句、主語從句、表語從句、同位語從句三、幾個(gè)特殊虛擬語氣句式wish、asif/though、wouldrather、It’stime…It’snecessary/strange/natural/inportant+that從句2/25陳說語氣

陳說事實(shí)或提出看法,有必定,否定,疑問或感嘆等形式Iwenttothetheatreyesterday.

Jackhadn’tcomebackhomeyet.祈使語氣請求,邀請,命令,警告或勸說等

Let’sgo.

Don’ttouchanythingonthetableuntilthebellrings.一.語氣分類3/25虛擬語氣虛擬語氣是一個(gè)特殊動(dòng)詞形式，一是用來表示說話人所說話不是一個(gè)事實(shí)，而是一個(gè)假設(shè)、猜測、懷疑等(在條件從句中或讓步狀語從句中)；一是表示說話人愿望、要求、命令、提議等(在賓語從句、主語從句、表語從句、同位語從句)。虛擬語氣概念4/25虛擬語氣一、在條件從句中(叫虛擬條件句)，表示與事實(shí)相反條件。分三種情況(以do為例)：虛擬語氣在在條件從句中表示與事實(shí)情況相反條件從句謂語形式主句謂語形式表示現(xiàn)在情況過去式(did)(be慣用were)Would/could/might/should(用于第1人稱)+動(dòng)詞原形(do)表示過去情況過去完成式(had+done)Would/could/might/should+havedone表示未來情況①過去式(did)/(were)②should+do③weretodoWould/could/might/should+do5/25虛擬語氣3、省略if條件從句當(dāng)從句中有were,had

或should

時(shí)，可省略if，而把它們放在句首。IfIweretomeethimtomorrow,Ishouldaskhimaboutit.

WereItomeethimtomorrow,…Ifheshouldfailintheexperimentthistime,hewouldtryagain.Shouldhefailintheexperiment…

Ifyouhadcomeafewminutesearlier,youwouldhavemethim.虛擬語氣在在條件從句中Hadyoucomeafew….6/252.含蓄條件句有時(shí)假設(shè)情況并不以條件從句表示出來,二是暗含在上下文中,比如經(jīng)過介詞短語來表示。這些介詞常是：butfor,without,otherwise等。如：

Butforyouradvice,Icouldnothavedoneitsosuccessfully.假如不是聽了你提議，我就不會(huì)做如此成功。Thechangecouldnothavetakenplacewithouttheopen-doorpolicy.沒有開放政策，就不會(huì)有如此大改變。Iwassobusythen,Otherwise,Iwouldhavetoldhimtheanswer.我當(dāng)初很忙，不然，我就會(huì)把答案告訴他。7/253.

名詞性從句虛擬語氣。主要是表示命令、要求、提議虛擬語氣。賓語從句。常見動(dòng)詞：一個(gè)堅(jiān)持：insist兩個(gè)命令：order,command

四個(gè)提議：advise,suggest,propose,recommend六個(gè)要求：demand,require,request,desire,ask,urge

這些動(dòng)詞后面賓語從句要使用虛擬語氣使用方法。即從句中動(dòng)詞使用should+動(dòng)詞原形，或者將should省略。8/25我們提議Tom去休息一下。他果斷要求我到場。國王命令囚犯明天要實(shí)施死刑。他們要求我們派他們?nèi)ツ莾汗ぷ?。WesuggestedthatTom

have

arest.HeinsistedthatI

(should)be

present.Thekingorderedthattheprisoners

bekilled

thenextday.Theyrequestedthatwe

(should)send

themtoworkthere.9/25虛擬語氣在：在賓語從句中

注意:insist/suggest各有兩意思，要用不一樣語氣①表“果斷要求”,虛擬,should+do;②表“堅(jiān)稱,堅(jiān)持說”,陳說語氣,表事實(shí)。①表“提議”，虛擬,should+do;②表“表明、暗示”，用陳說語氣。Theteachersuggestedthatwe______________moreafterclass.（我們課后多練習(xí)）Thelookonherfacesuggestedthatshe________happyHeinsistedthatallofus___________thereontimebyanymeans.（我們大家想盡方法按時(shí)去那兒）Heinsistedthathe_____________thewallet(沒有偷錢包).insistsuggest(should)practisewasshouldbeHadn’tstolen10/25以上動(dòng)詞對應(yīng)名詞組成名詞性從句包含主語從句，表語從句和同位語從句也要使用虛擬語氣。從句中動(dòng)詞形式一樣。即：(should)＋V.

order,advice,suggestion,proposal,demand,request,desire11/25It’ssuggestedthattheplan

becarriedout.Mydemandisthatshe

shouldcome

toseemeonceaweek.Allofusarefortheadvicethatthechemicalfactory

shouldbe

closeddown.12/25二：虛擬語氣特殊句型：wish

賓語從句現(xiàn)在：過去：未來：過去時(shí)（did/were）過去完成時(shí)would/could/might+V.shouldIwishIwereabird.（現(xiàn)在）IwishIhadn’tmadesuchamistake.（過去）Wewishourparentswouldn’tpunishus.

（未來）asif,asthough引發(fā)從句，其使用方法同wish組成賓語從句一樣Asif/though和wish使用方法相同13/25Helooksasifheweredrunk.Theytalkedasiftheyhadbeenfriendsforyears.

Shelovesthebabyasifitwereherownson.Itseemsasifitwerespring.Irememberedthewholethingasifithadhappenedyesterday.14/252.wouldrather(that)現(xiàn)在：過去：未來：Iwouldratheryoupaidmenow.

Iwouldratheryouhadgone,too.Don’tcome.Iwouldratheryoucame

tomorrow.過去時(shí)過去時(shí)過去完成時(shí)15/253.It’s(about/high)time+(that)…should+V.過去時(shí)你該走了。我們該去睡覺了。It’shightimethatyouwent.It’shightimethatyouweregoing.It’shightimethatyoushouldgo.It’stimethatwewenttobed.It’stimethatweshouldgotobed.(Should不可省略)16/254.

It’snecessary/strange/natural/important+that-Clause

從句中動(dòng)詞要用虛擬，即（should）+動(dòng)詞原形Itisimportantthatwe

(should)master

aforeignlanguage.Itisstrangethatshe

refuse

tocometotheparty.It’snecessarythatwe

shouldstudy

hard.17/255.Ifonly…要是就好了

IfonlyI

knew

hisname!

Ifonlywe

hadfollowed

youradvice!!

IfonlyI

couldsee

himagain!要是我們父母能和我們住在一起就好了。要是我沒錯(cuò)過火車就好了！Ifonlyourparentscouldlivewithus!IfonlyIhadn’tmissedthetrain!18/253、含蓄條件句有時(shí)假設(shè)情況并不以條件從句表示出來,二是暗含在上下文中,比如經(jīng)過介詞短語來表示。這些介詞常是：butfor,without,otherwise等。如：

Butforyouradvice,Icouldnothavedoneitsosuccessfully.假如不是聽了你提議，我就不會(huì)做如此成功。Thechangecouldnothavetakenplacewithouttheopen-doorpolicy.沒有開放政策，就不會(huì)有如此大改變。Iwassobusythen,Otherwise,Iwouldhavetoldhimtheanswer.我當(dāng)初很忙，不然，我就會(huì)把答案告訴他。19/252、錯(cuò)綜時(shí)間虛擬句通常情況下,在非真實(shí)條件句中主句和從句謂語動(dòng)詞所指時(shí)間是一致,但有時(shí)也可能指不一樣時(shí)間,這時(shí)要依據(jù)上下文意思采取不一樣謂語動(dòng)詞形式.1.IfIwereyou,Iwouldhavetakenhisadvice.(從句指現(xiàn)在,主句指過去)。2.IfIhadtakenmyraincoatwithmethismorning,Iwouldnotbewetnow.(從句指過去,主句指現(xiàn)在)。3.Ifwehadn’tbeenworkinghardinthepastfewyears,thingswouldn’tbegoingsosmoothly.（從句指過去，主句指現(xiàn)在）。4.Iftheweatherhadbeenmorefavorable,thecropswouldbegrowingstillbetter.（從句指過去，主句指現(xiàn)在）。5.Ifwehadnotgoteverythingreadybynow,weshouldbehavingamoreterribletimetomorrow.（從句指現(xiàn)在，主句指未來）

20/25虛擬語氣Alan___thepartyifhehadgonetoLondon.A.wouldhavemissedB.hadmissedC.wouldmissD.missed2.—Itwasthedrug，notthedisease，thatkilledtheboy.—Hewouldbestillalivetodayifhe________thatdrug.A.nottake

B.hadn’ttakenC.didn’ttake

D.shouldn’thavetakenExercises21/25虛擬語氣3.IfonlyI___tomyparents!(ButIdidn’t.)A.listenedB.hadlistenedC.shouldlistenD.wouldlisten4.TomsuggestedthatAnn___thehouse.A.sellB.soldC.shallsellD.wouldsell5.Iwishthisbus___totheuniversity.A.goB.wentC.hasgoneD.hadgone22/25虛擬語氣6.Simonlooksasthoughhenever___asquaremeal(吃得飽),thoughh