四川省成都市蓉城名校聯(lián)盟2024-2025學(xué)年高一下學(xué)期開學(xué)考試英語試題（含解析）

四川省成都市蓉城名校聯(lián)盟2024-2025學(xué)年高一下學(xué)期開學(xué)考試英語試題一,閱讀理解（共15小題，每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出最佳選項。2023CollectionofAustralianStamps（ExecutiveEdition）Exploreaboundtreasureofgummedandperforated（涂膠打孔的）stampspresentedinexclusivelayouts.Inadditiontoallthestampsreleasedin2023,thisbookgetstheessenceofstampcollectingwithfascinatingtextabouteachstampissue.IncludedisanexclusivegummedConcessionStampminisheet,the2022NativeAnimalsstampsand89mintstampspresentedinuniquelayouts.Thisgreatgiftcomeswith$124.25worthofstamps.Ournetworkofmorethan400ParcelLockersarefreeandavailablearoundtheclock,soyoucanpickupyourorderanytime.Withover3,600locationsacrossAustralia,getyourorderdeliveredtoapostofficenearworkorhome,andcollectduringbusinesshours.AustraliaPosthaspartneredwithhundredsofthird-partyretailerstoprovideanotheroptionforcollection.Dispatchisthetimeyourordertakestoleaveourwarehouse.Mostordersleavethewarehousewithin2businessdays.StandarddeliveryisfreeAustralia-wideonorders$30+.Forordersunder$30,wechargeaflatfeeof$5.Mostordersarrivetoyouwithin6businessdays.Expressdeliveryis$15.Viewcurrentdeliverytimes.ExpressPostisourfastestpostalservice,butwedonotguaranteenextbusinessdaydeliveryforOnlineShoporders.Internationaldeliveryisavailableforsomeorders,dependingonwhatyou'rebuyingandwhereit'sbeingsent.Mostorderstakeatleast10businessdaystoarriveviaanuntrackedservice.Transittimesvarybasedondestination—seeourinternationaldeliverytimesformoreinformation.Occasionally,highdeliveryvolumesandothernetworkissuescancausedelays,aswellaswheretheorderisbeingsent.1．Whatcanwelearnaboutthecollection?A．Itisissuedtwiceayear.B．Itincludes89stampsintotal.C．Eachstampispresentedwithatext.D．Allstampsareaboutnativeanimals.2．Howmuchshouldwepayforthepostageatmostbystandarddelivery?A．$5. B．$15. C．$30. D．$124.25.3．Whatisthemainpurposeofthetext?A．TointroducethenetworkofAustraliaPost.B．Toadvertisethemostvaluablestampsin2023.C．Toinformpeopleofthechangeofdeliveringmessage.D．Topersuadepeopletobuyabookincludingstamps.閱讀理解Shadowsareoftenassociatedwithdarknessanduncertainty.Now,researchersfromtheNationalUniversityofSingapore(NUS)aregivingshadowsapositivespinbydemonstratingawaytoharnessthiscommonbutoftenoverlookedoptical(光學(xué)的)effecttogenerateelectricity.Theteamcreatedadevicecalledashadow-effectenergygenerator(SEG),whichmakesuseofthecontrastinillumination(照明)betweenlitandshadowedareastogenerateelectricity.It'smadeupofaseriesofthinstripsofgoldfilmonasiliconlayer,whichisthenplacedonaflexibleplasticbase."Inconventionaloptoelectronics(光電子學(xué))whereasteadysourceoflightisusedtopowerdevices,shadowsareundesirable,sincetheydegradetheperformanceofdevices.Inthiswork,wetookadvantageoftheilluminationcontrastcausedbyshadowsasanindirectsourceofpower.Thecontrastinilluminationcausesavoltage(電壓)differencebetweentheshadowandilluminatedsections,resultinginanelectriccurrent.Thisnovelconceptofharvestingenergyinthepresenceofshadowsisunprecedented."explainedresearchteamleaderProfessorTanSweeChing.Mobileelectronicdevicessuchassmartphones,smartglassesande-watchesrequireefficientandcontinuouspowersupply.Asthesedevicesarewornbothindoorsandoutdoors,wearablepowersourcesthatcouldharnesssurroundinglightcanpotentiallyimprovethefunctionofthesedevices.Whilecommerciallyavailablesolarcellscanperformthisroleinanoutdoorenvironment,theirenergyharvestingefficiencydropssignificantlyunderindoorconditionswhereshadowsarepersistent.Thisnewapproachtomaximizingtheefficiencyofenergyharvestingisbothexcitingandtimely."WhenthewholeSEGisunderilluminationorinshadow,theamountofelectricitygeneratedisverylowornoneatall.WhenapartoftheSEGisilluminated,asignificantelectricaloutputisdetected.WealsofoundthatthebestsurfaceareaforelectricitygenerationiswhenhalfoftheSEGisilluminatedandtheotherhalfinshadow,asthisgivesenoughareaforchargegenerationandcollectionrespectively."saidco-teamleaderProfessorAndrewWee.TheNUSresearchersarealsolookingatdevelopingwearableSEGsattachedtoclothingtoharvestenergyduringnormaldailyactivities.Anotherpromisingareaofresearchisthedevelopmentoflow-costSEGforefficientharvestingofenergyfromindoorlighting.4．Whyareshadowsconsideredundesirableintraditionaloptoelectronics?A．Theyservenousefulpurpose.B．Theyweakendeviceperformance.C．Theyarerareinoutdoorconditions.D．Theyaredifficulttocontrolorpredict.5．WhatdoweknowabouttheSEG?A．It'sspeciallydesignedtoworkinopenareas.B．Itwillreplaceexistingsolarcellsonceandforall.C．It'smosteffectivewhenfullypositionedinlightorinshadow.D．Itrequiresabalanceoflightandshadowtomaximizeelectricitygeneration.6．Whatcanwelearnfromthelastparagraph?A．TheSEGisunlikelytoworkefficientlyindarkplaces.B．TheresearchersarelookingtoreducethecostoftheSEG.C．ThedevelopmentofSEGislimitedbyitshighproductioncost.D．TheresearchersaredevelopingwearableSEGsattachedtosmartphones.7．Whatdoesthetextmainlytalkabout?A．Aninnovativeuseofshadowstogenerateelectricity.B．Theproblemswithshadowsinconventionaloptoelectronics.C．Thechallengesofadaptingtechnologyforwearabledevices.D．Aneedforefficientpowersupplyinmobileelectronicdevices.閱讀理解Oneofthemostcuriousfeaturesofthemodernworldisthemannerinwhichdesignhasbeenwidelytransformedintosomethingmeaningless.ButIwanttoarguedesignshouldbethecrucialblockonwhichthehumanenvironmentisshapedandconstructedforthebettermentanddelightofall.Notsurprisingly,intheabsenceofwidespreadagreementaboutitssignificanceandvalue,muchconfusionsurroundsdesignpractice.Insomesubjectareas,authorscanassumecommongroundwithreaders.Othersubjectareascanbesodifficultthathowsuchmutualunderstandingexists.Designsitsuncomfortablybetweenthesetwoextremes.Asaworditiscommonenough,butitisfullofdisharmony,hasinnumerablemanifestations（表現(xiàn)）,andlacksboundariesthatgiveclarityanddefinition.Asapractice,designgeneratesvastquantitiesofmaterial,muchofitephemeral,onlyasmallproportionofwhichhassustainedquality.Sohowcandesignbeunderstoodinameaningfulsense?Designisoneofthebasiccharacteristicsofwhatitistobehuman,andanessentialdeterminantofthequalityofhumanlife.Ifthingsareanecessarypartofourexistence,whyaretheyoftendonesobadly?Thereisnosimpleanswer.Costfactorsaresometimesadvanced,buttheremovebetweendoingsomethingwellorbadlycanbeexceedinglysmall,andcostfactorscaninfactbereducedbyappropriatedesigninputs.Thisbookisbasedonabeliefthatdesignmattersprofoundlytousallininnumerablewaysandrepresentsanareaofhuge,underutilizedpotentialinlife.Itsetsouttoexploresomereasonswhythisissoandtosuggestsomepossibilitiesofchange.Theintentionistoextendtherangeofwhatisunderstoodbytheterm,andexaminethedepthofdesignpracticeasitaffectseverydaylifeinadiversityofcultures.8．Whatisparagraph2ofthetextmainlyabout?A．Thecausesofconfusion. B．Thesignificanceofdesign.C．Thedifferencesinsubjects. D．Thecommongroundinpeople.9．Whatdoestheunderlinedword"ephemeral"inParagraph3mean?A．Meaningful. B．Short-lived. C．Enormous. D．Hard-wearing.10．Whatdoweknowaboutdesign?A．Designisjustaboutartsortrends.B．Costfactorsaccountforinadequatedesign.C．Veryfewareincapableofimprovementbyproperdesign.D．Theauthorarguesthatdesignismeaningless.11．Whatisthebookaimedat?A．Reducingdesigninputs.B．Persistinginmeaningfuldesignpractices.C．Denyingpreviousconceptionofdesign.D．Clarifyingtheconfusionsurroundingdesign.閱讀理解Withartificialintelligence(AI)androbotictechnologyimprovingatimpressiverates,therearesomewhoworrythatthere'sariskofartisticandcreativepeoplebeingreplaced.AnewstudybytheKoreanInstituteofIndustrialTechnology,however,isshowingexactlywhythatcan'tandshouldn'thappen.ItallstartedwhentheSouthKoreancompanyposedthisquestion:Canrobotsreplaceconductors?Overayearago,worktodevelopautomaton(自動化)began.Atfirst,itwasdesignedlikeamachine,anddidn'tliveuptoexpectations.Thenthecompanysoughtwaystoimproveit.Intheend,itwasgiventwoarmswithjointstocopywristsandelbows,allowingittomoveasticksimilarlytohowahumanconductorwouldmoveit.ItwasnamedtheEverR6robot,andstandsat1.8meters.Itwasfinallytimetofigureouthowitcouldfollowthroughonitsmusicalrole."Wegotinvolvedinthisprojecttoseehowfarrobotscangoinmorecreativefieldslikethearts,andwhatthechallengesare,"Dong-wookLee,aseniorresearcherattheKoreanInstituteofIndustrialTechnologysaid.Inordertopullthisoff,Dong-wookLeecooperatedwiththeBusanPhilharmonicOrchestra.The12-minutepiecetheyplannedtoperform,"Feel"byIl-hoonSon,wascreatedspecificallyforthisevent.ItwascreatedwiththestrengthsofbothEverR6andthehumanconductor,Soo-yeolChoi,inmind.Topulloffthisimpressiveperformance,therobotwaspreprogrammedtoconductthrough30cyclesofbeatpatterns.Meanwhile,itwasuptothehumanconductortoleadtheorchestraincreatinganimprovisational(即興的)score,addingdepthtotheotherwiseplannedpiece.Together,theypulledoffamasterfulperformancethattheaudienceseemedmorethanhappytohavehadtheopportunitytowitnessitfirsthand!Withtheconcerthavinggonesowell,thisisonlythestartofEverR6.Still,nomattertheimprovementsthey'reabletomaketothisAndroidrobot,thehumanconductorisn'tconcernedaboutbeingreplaced."Let'sleavetheaccuracytotherobots,"Soo-yeolChoisaid,"butthemusicalandartisticaspectstoahumanconductor."12．Whatisparagraph2mainlyabout?A．ThefunctionoftheEverR6robot.B．ThedevelopmentoftheEverR6robot.C．TheEverR6robot'sroleasaconductor.D．ThedifficultyindesigningtheEverR6robot.13．Whatcanbelearnedabout"Feel"?A．Itisapiecefamiliartotheaudience.B．Itisapieceshowingthehuman-robotcooperation.C．ItistheonlypiecethatEverR6willperform.D．Itisapiecerequiringgreatabilitytoconduct.14．WhatroledidSoo-yeolChoiplayintheperformance?A．Hecorrectedtherobot'smistakes.B．HeprogrammedtheEverR6robot.C．Heledtheimprovisationalsectionoftheperformance.D．HewasthemainconductoroftheBusanPhilharmonicOrchestra.15．WhatisSoo-yeolChoi'sattitudetowardsEverR6?A．Unclear. B．Uncaring. C．Supportive. D．Doubtful.二、第二節(jié)（共5小題，每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。Travelingiswhatmakesyourlifecomplete.Youmayoftencomplainthatthereistoomuchworkandnotimetotravel.16．Therearehundredsofreasonswhyyoushouldtravel.Hereareonlyfourofthem:17．Bespontaneous（自發(fā)的）andtravelwheneveryoufeellikeleavingyourdailyroutine.Itiswrongtowaitfarcertaintimeoftheyearsothatyoucouldspoilyourself.Yourcompanywon'tbebankruptordisappearifyouleaveitforaweekortwo.Thereareplentyofpeoplewhocansubstituteforyouanddoyourjobwhileyouareaway.18．Herethepointistoplantaweekahead.Ifyouworkhard,youcanplayhard.Alwaysrememberthatthequalityofyearworkwillimproveifyouhaveagoodrestandletyourselfrelaxandrechargewithenergyandpositiveemotions.Youcannotbeagoodemployeeifyouareunhappyandtense.Yourfamilysuffers,too.Whenyourmindisfreeyoucanperformat200percent19．Youlosebalanceandharmonyifyouexperiencetoomuchstress,performalotofdemandingroutineandconstantlytakeresponsibilities.Takecareofyourself.Makesurethatyourwell-beingdoesnotsuffer.Havearicherlifeifyouwanttobeabetterleader.Weallwanttoexcelinourprofession.Wewanttobeinchargeevenathome.Weliketobeappreciatedbythecommunity.Beingsuchapersonrequiresseveralimportantqualities.Togaintherequiredqualitiesyoumusthaveamulti-dimensionalpersonality.Themorenewactivitiesyoupractice,themorechancesyoucanhavetobecomeabetterleader.20．A.Makingexcusesismucheasierthanacting.B.Thereisnotomorrow,sotakeabreaknow.C.Findingbalanceisn'teasy,yetitisworthtrying.D.Travelingisalsoameansofbroadeningyourhorizons.E.Youcandosomeofitinadvanceoryoucanputitonhold.F.Youareuselessasaworkerifyourbodydoesnotfeelgreat.G.Beaninstructor,inspireothersanddowhatyouwouldlikeotherstodo.三、第三部分語言知識運用（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）閱讀下列短文，掌握其大意，然后從每題所給的A、B、C和D項中選出最佳選項。"It'sover!Thankgoodness!"schoolwas21．a(chǎn)ndIwastired.I22．a(chǎn)tthefrontoftheschoolbus.Janie,thedriver,triesto23．theuncomfortableatmospherebystrikingthematchoftalks.Itrytolisten24．,butusuallyIamtoo25．thinkingaboutmyday.Onthisday,however,hertalkwasworth26．."Myfather'sill,"shesaidtonooneinparticular(特別地).Icouldseeworryinher27．.Ihadneverseenherlikethisbefore.Shealwaysmeetsstudents28．a(chǎn)smile.Withasuddenchangeofinterest,Iasked,"what'swrongwithhim?"Withhereyeswetandhervoice29．,sheanswered,"Hearttrouble."Hereyesloweredasshecontinued."I'vealready30．mymum,soIdon'tthinkIcanstandlosinghim."Icouldn'tanswer.Myheartachedforher.Isatonthe31．thinkingofthegreatpainmyownmotherwasthrownintowhenherfatherdied.Isawhowharditwas,andstillis,forher.Iwouldn'twanttoanyonetogothroughthat.SuddenlyIrealizedJaniewasn'tonlyabus32．,thatwasjustherjob.Shehadawholeworldoffamilyandcares33．.Isuddenly34．veryselfish.IpaidnoattentiontoJaniebecauseshewasabusdriver.Ihadjudgedherbyherjobandbrushedheroffasunimportant.Ishouldn'thavebeensoselfishandself-centered.35．peopleisanart.21．A．in B．off C．over D．on22．A．ran B．walked C．sat D．stood23．A．rest B．break C．close D．open24．A．polite B．rude C．politely D．quickly25．A．busy B．free C．busily D．freely26．A．lookingat B．a(chǎn)greeingwithC．talkingto D．listeningto27．A．eyes B．face C．mouth D．ears28．A．with B．within C．without D．for29．A．usually B．usual C．unusual D．truly30．A．remembered B．forgotten C．lost D．missed31．A．seat B．house C．room D．desk32．A．worker B．driver C．teacher D．doctor33．A．a(chǎn)lso B．either C．too D．a(chǎn)tall34．A．felt B．feel C．thought D．was35．A．Lookingat B．UnderstandingC．Gettingtoknow D．Watching四、第二節(jié)（共10小題，每小題1.5分，滿分15分）語法填空RyuseiOuchitakesadeepbreathasheuseshiscane（手杖）tofeelouttheedgeofthethree-metre-highramp（斜坡）,walkstotheedgeandthendropsin.Likeallskateboarders,therushofair,thethrilloftheride,thesenseofachievementincompletingatrickare36．drewthe19-year-oldtothesport.Unlikeotherboarders,however,Ouchiisalmost37．（complete）blind.Ouchiwasbornwithperfectvisionbutsincebeingdiagnosed（診斷）with38．eyeconditionattheageofsevenhissighthasworsenedtothepointwhereheneedsacanetonavigatehislocalskateparkinTokorozawa,northofTokyo.Droppinginofflargeramps,ridingrailsandevenperforminghandstandtricks,Ouchihasimpressedthelocalskateboardingcommunityandearnedhimaconsiderablefollowingonsocialmedia.Heiswellaware39．thedangersbutsaysitcomeswiththeterritory.Ouchi40．（start）skateboardingat15whenhiseyesightbegantoworsenfaster.Herealizedhewantedtolearn41．itwastoolate.SkateboardingwithfriendsgaveOuchianoutlettoexpress42．（he）andhenowheadstotheskateparkseveral43．（time）aweek.Ittookhimawhile44．（become）fullyaccustomedtothelayout,hesaid,butnowhehasagoodmentalpictureofhissurroundings,45．（free）himuptoperformmoretricks.五、第四部分任務(wù)型閱讀（共兩節(jié)，滿分20分）閱讀理解Doyouknowthatitonlytakesanalgorithm(算法)toturnyouintoaPabloPicasso?Allyouneedtodoisfollowthreesimplesteps:choose,provideandcreate.Tobemorespecific,chooseanAIArtGenerator,providethegeneratorwithyourpreferredrequirementandhitthe"create"button.Evenordinarypeoplewithoutanypaintingskillscandoitwell.ChinesenetizenshavebeenamazedandamusedbytheresultscreatedbyAIartgenerators.SomeplatformsprovidingAIpaintingservicesgainedmorethan600,000usersinasingledayinNovember,withpeopleaged25andunderaccountingformorethan60%ofnewusers.JiaYunfan,a26-year-olddigitalartist,hasbeenembracingthenovelAImovement.Hesaid,"IwastrainedasanoilpaintereversinceIwasyoung.Butcanvas(油畫布)andtherealisticstylearejusttooclassicandIusedtobeonlydefinedasapainter.NewlyemergedartformslikeAIpaintingscanhelpartistsreachglobalaudiencesandbroadentheirartisticfield."AnillustratorHuangGefromShanghaisaidillustratorsneedtimetocreateandtheyareexpensivetohire,butwithAItools,hundredsofpicturescanbegeneratedeveryday.However,thetrendhasagaincausedsomepanicaboutwhetherAIisgraduallyreplacinghumanbeings."Art'svalueslienotonlyinrepresentationbutalsotheartist'smindandemotionalcontributions.YetthisislackinginAIart.Thewarmthandinspirationinhuman'screationsareirreplaceable,"DingDaoshi,ananalystsaid.AmoreurgentissueisthatthereisnoconsensusoftheownershipofAIart.SomeusershaveopenlysoldsomeAIpaintingsandhaveearnedmoney,butitisstillagrayareaaboutwhethertheseartworksbelongtousers,thedigitaltooldevelopersoreventheAIitself.DingnotedthatthevarioussidesshouldgettogethertodebatetheissueandcomeupwithsomeacceptedregulationsassoonaspossiblebecauseAIisalreadystickingdeeplyintoeveryaspectofthelivesofhumanbeings.(以下是A種題型)46．Whatisthefirstparagraphmainlyabout?A．ThedevelopmentofAIpaintings.B．TheclassificationofAIartworks.C．Thepopularityofdigitalpaintings.D．TheprocedureincreatingAIartworks.47．WhydoesJiaYunfanwelcomethenewAItrend?A．Itpromoteshisartcareer. B．Itreduceshiscostincreation.C．Itmaintainshispaintingstyle. D．Itimproveshisworkefficiency.48．Whatdoestheunderlinedword"consensus"meaninparagraph5?A．Complaint. B．Result. C．Agreement. D．Discussion.49．Whatproblemremainstobesolvedinthefuture?A．WhoownsthecopyrightofAIart.B．WhattodotoensurethequalityofAIartworks.C．Howtotellhuman'screationsfromAIpaintings.D．WhetherAIpaintingscanreplacetraditionalpaintings.50．HowdopeoplecreateAIartworks?51．WhoarethemajornewusersoftheAIpaintingservices?52．Whatcan'tbereplacedbyAIartaccordingtoDingDaoshi?53．Whatdoesparagraph5mainlytalkabout?六、第五部分寫作（滿分20分）54．假如你是李華，你的英國筆友Jack在學(xué)習(xí)漢語的過程中遇到了一些困難，給你發(fā)電子郵件詢問一些如何學(xué)漢語的建議。請你給他回復(fù)一封郵件，內(nèi)容要點如下：1.表示理解；2.給出建議和理由；3.表達祝愿；注意：1.詞數(shù)80左右；2.可以適當(dāng)增加細節(jié)，以使行文連貫?！?/p>

答案解析部分1．C2．A3．D本文是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章是一篇商品廣告，主要介紹了2023年澳大利亞郵票珍藏集（執(zhí)行版），包括涂膠打孔郵票、特色郵票故事、2022年本土動物郵票等。提供多種取貨方式，包括超過400個包裹柜和3600個郵局網(wǎng)點。運費政策包括免費標(biāo)準(zhǔn)配送和快速配送，以及國際配送選項。

考查閱讀理解。本篇文章涉及細節(jié)理解題和推理判斷題兩種題型。細節(jié)理解題要求考生能在快速閱讀文章的同時，從中獲取某些特定的直接信息或理解特定信息的意義。做細節(jié)理解題時，要根據(jù)題干中的關(guān)鍵詞，找準(zhǔn)相關(guān)句、段的內(nèi)容，再仔細對照，不符合原文意義的選項要首先排除，反之，則是正確選項。做推理判斷題時，要求考生不能憑主觀臆斷推測或妄加猜測，必須忠實于原文，以材料所提供的相關(guān)事實和線索為依據(jù)，使做出的推理合乎文意。需要注意：審清題目要求；鎖定關(guān)鍵信息；挖掘隱含信息；排除干擾選項；把握語境情感；邏輯推理分析。1．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中"Inadditiontoallthestampsreleasedin2023,thisbookgetstheessenceofstampcollectingwithfascinatingtextabouteachstampissue.(除了2023年發(fā)行的所有郵票外，每套郵票均附有精彩的文字介紹，體現(xiàn)了集郵的精髓)"可知，郵集中的每枚郵票都附有文字。故選C。2．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段中"StandarddeliveryisfreeAustralia-wideonorders$30+.Forordersunder$30,wechargeaflatfeeof$5.(是在澳大利亞范圍內(nèi)，30美元以上訂單的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)投遞是免費的。對于30美元以下的訂單，我們收取5美元的固定費用)"可知，按標(biāo)準(zhǔn)投遞，我們最多要付5美元的郵費。故選A。3．推理判斷題。通讀全文，結(jié)合第一段中"Exploreaboundtreasureofgummedandperforated(涂膠打孔的)stampspresentedinexclusivelayouts.Inadditiontoallthestampsreleasedin2023,thisbookgetstheessenceofstampcollectingwithfascinatingtextabouteachstampissue.IncludedisanexclusivegummedConcessionStampminisheet,the2022NativeAnimalsstampsand89mintstampspresentedinuniquelayouts.Thisgreatgiftcomeswith$124.25worthofstamps.(探索一套以獨特版式呈現(xiàn)的背膠及穿孔郵票。除了2023年發(fā)行的所有郵票外，這本書還以引人入勝的文字介紹了集郵的精髓。其中包括一款獨家背膠優(yōu)惠郵票小型張、2022年本地動物郵票和89枚別具一格的郵票。這個偉大的禮物附有價值124.25美元的郵票)"可知，本文是一篇商品廣告，詳細介紹了2023年澳大利亞郵票珍藏冊的內(nèi)容、特點、購買時間、配送方式和費用等相關(guān)信息，目的是說服人們?nèi)ベ徺I這套郵票收藏冊。故選D。4．B5．D6．B7．A本文是一篇說明文。文章主要講述了一項新的可產(chǎn)生電的發(fā)明，該發(fā)明利用明亮和陰影區(qū)域之間的照明對比來發(fā)電，該設(shè)備被稱為"陰影效應(yīng)能量發(fā)生器"。

考查閱讀理解。本篇文章涉及細節(jié)理解題，推理判斷題和主旨大意題三種題型。細節(jié)理解題要求考生能在快速閱讀文章的同時，從中獲取某些特定的直接信息或理解特定信息的意義。做細節(jié)理解題時，要根據(jù)題干中的關(guān)鍵詞，找準(zhǔn)相關(guān)句、段的內(nèi)容，再仔細對照，不符合原文意義的選項要首先排除，反之，則是正確選項。做推理判斷題時，要求考生不能憑主觀臆斷推測或妄加猜測，必須忠實于原文，以材料所提供的相關(guān)事實和線索為依據(jù)，使做出的推理合乎文意。需要注意：審清題目要求；鎖定關(guān)鍵信息；挖掘隱含信息；排除干擾選項；把握語境情感；邏輯推理分析。做主旨大意題時，要求考生抓住每段或每個層次的主要含義進行加工、提煉，通過對語篇結(jié)構(gòu)的分析即對文章內(nèi)部各層次間的邏輯關(guān)系的分析，將每段的主題綜合起來，找出文章的中心。4．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第三段內(nèi)容"Inconventionaloptoelectronicswhereasteadysourceoflightisusedtopowerdevices,shadowsareundesirable,sincetheydegradetheperformanceofdevices.(在傳統(tǒng)的光電子技術(shù)中，使用穩(wěn)定的光源為設(shè)備供電，陰影是不可取的，因為它們會降低設(shè)備的性能。)"可知，陰影不可取的原因在于它們會降低設(shè)備的性能。故選B。5．推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第五段內(nèi)容"WealsofoundthatthebestsurfaceareaforelectricitygenerationiswhenhalfoftheSEGisilluminatedandtheotherhalfinshadow,asthisgivesenoughareaforchargegenerationandcollectionrespectively.(我們還發(fā)現(xiàn)，發(fā)電的最佳表面積是當(dāng)SEG的一半被照亮而另一半處于陰影中時，因為這分別為電荷的產(chǎn)生和收集提供了足夠的面積。)"可知，當(dāng)SEG的一半被照亮而另一半處于陰影中時，即，光影面積平衡時，可實現(xiàn)最佳發(fā)電表面積。由此可推知，它需要光和影的平衡來最大限度地發(fā)電。故選D。6．推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章末尾段內(nèi)容"Anotherpromisingareaofresearchisthedevelopmentoflow-costSEGforefficientharvestingofenergyfromindoorlighting.(另一個有前景的研究領(lǐng)域是開發(fā)低成本的SEG，以有效地從室內(nèi)照明中收集能量。)"可知，開發(fā)低成本的SEG是有前景的。由此可推知，研究人員在尋求降低SEG的成本。故選B。7．主旨大意題。根據(jù)文章第一段"Now,researchersfromtheNationalUniversityofSingapore(NUS)aregivingshadowsapositivespinbydemonstratingawaytoharnessthiscommonbutoftenoverlookedoptical(光學(xué)的)effecttogenerateelectricity.(現(xiàn)在，新加坡國立大學(xué)的研究人員正在給陰影一個積極的轉(zhuǎn)變，他們展示了一種利用這種常見但常被忽視的光學(xué)效應(yīng)來發(fā)電的方法。)"和文章第二段內(nèi)容"Theteamcreatedadevicecalledashadow-effectenergygenerator(SEG),whichmakesuseofthecontrastinilluminationbetweenlitandshadowedareastogenerateelectricity.(該團隊創(chuàng)建了一種稱為陰影效應(yīng)能量發(fā)生器（SEG）的設(shè)備，該設(shè)備利用明亮和陰影區(qū)域之間的照明對比來發(fā)電。)"可知，文章主要以"陰影效應(yīng)能量發(fā)生器（SEG）"為話題，對其原理和應(yīng)用進行了闡述。因此，選項A"Aninnovativeuseofshadowstogenerateelectricity.(一種利用陰影發(fā)電的創(chuàng)新方法。)"可對文章內(nèi)容進行概述。故選A。8．A9．B10．C11．B本文是一篇說明文，介紹了對設(shè)計的正確解讀和如何追求更好的設(shè)計。

本題考點涉及細節(jié)理解，詞義猜測，推理判斷和段落大意四個題型的考查，是一篇教育類閱讀，通讀全文，理解文章大意，閱讀題目后返回原文閱讀并找出與題目相對應(yīng)的內(nèi)容，仔細核對，選擇符合原文原意的答案，完成后再次閱讀并檢查。8．考查段落大意。根據(jù)第二段中的"Notsurprisingly,intheabsenceofwidespreadagreementaboutitssignificanceandvalue,muchconfusionsurroundsdesignpractice.Insomesubjectareas,authorscanassumecommongroundwithreaders.Othersubjectareascanbesodifficultthathosuchmutualunderstandingexists."毫不奇怪，在缺乏對其意義和價值的廣泛認同的情況下，圍繞著設(shè)計實踐的許多困惑。在某些主題領(lǐng)域，作者可以假定與讀者有共同點。其他學(xué)科領(lǐng)域可能非常困難，不存在這樣的相互理解?？芍?，第二段主要講的是困惑的原因。故選A。9．考查詞義猜測。根據(jù)第三段中的"onlyasmallproportionofwhichhassustainedquality"只有一小部分具有持久的質(zhì)量?？赏浦?，劃線詞"ephemeral"的意思是"短暫存在的"，作為一種實踐，設(shè)計產(chǎn)生了大量的材料，其中大部分是短暫的。故選B。10．考查推理判斷。根據(jù)第四段中的"Designisoneofthebasiccharacteristicsofwhatitistobehuman,andanessentialdeterminantofthequalityofhumanlife.Ifthingsareanecessarypartofourexistence,whyaretheyoftendonesobadly?Thereisnosimpleanswer.Costfactorsaresometimesadvanced,butthemarginbetweendoingsomethingwellorbadlycanbeexceedinglysmall,andcostfactorscaninfactbereducedbyappropriatedesigninputs."設(shè)計是人類生活質(zhì)量的基本特征之一，也是人類生活質(zhì)量的基本決定因素。如果事物是我們存在的必要組成部分，為什么它們經(jīng)常做得如此糟糕？沒有一個簡單的答案。成本因素有時是先進的，但把事情做得好或做得不好之間的差距可能非常小，而成本因素實際上可以通過適當(dāng)?shù)脑O(shè)計投入來降低?？赏浦苌儆挟a(chǎn)品不能通過適當(dāng)?shù)脑O(shè)計進行改進。故選C。11．考查細節(jié)理解。根據(jù)最后一段中的"Theintentionistoextendtherangeofwhatisunderstoodbytheterm,andexaminethedepthofdesignpracticeasitaffectseverydaylifeinadiversityofcultures."目的是擴大這個術(shù)語的理解范圍，并研究設(shè)計實踐的深度，因為它影響著不同文化的日常生活?？芍緯荚趫猿钟幸饬x的設(shè)計實踐。故選B。12．B13．B14．C15．C這是一篇說明文。文章主要講述了隨著人工智能(AI)和機器人技術(shù)以驚人的速度發(fā)展，一些人擔(dān)心藝術(shù)和創(chuàng)意人才有被取代的風(fēng)險。然而，韓國工業(yè)技術(shù)研究所(KoreanInstituteofIndustrialTechnology)的一項新研究恰恰說明了為什么這不能也不應(yīng)該發(fā)生。

考查閱讀理解。本篇文章涉及細節(jié)理解題，推理判斷題和主旨大意題三種題型。細節(jié)理解題要求考生能在快速閱讀文章的同時，從中獲取某些特定的直接信息或理解特定信息的意義。做細節(jié)理解題時，要根據(jù)題干中的關(guān)鍵詞，找準(zhǔn)相關(guān)句、段的內(nèi)容，再仔細對照，不符合原文意義的選項要首先排除，反之，則是正確選項。做推理判斷題時，要求考生不能憑主觀臆斷推測或妄加猜測，必須忠實于原文，以材料所提供的相關(guān)事實和線索為依據(jù)，使做出的推理合乎文意。做主旨大意題時，要求考生抓住每段或每個層次的主要含義進行加工、提煉，通過對語篇結(jié)構(gòu)的分析即對文章內(nèi)部各層次間的邏輯關(guān)系的分析，將每段的主題綜合起來，找出文章的中心。12．主旨大意題。根據(jù)文章第二段"Overayearago,worktodevelopautomaton(自動化)began.Atfirst,itwasdesignedlikeamachine,anddidn'tliveuptoexpectations.Thenthecompanysoughtwaystoimproveit.Intheend,itwasgiventwoarmswithjointstocopywristsandelbows,allowingittomoveasticksimilarlytohowahumanconductorwouldmoveit.ItwasnamedtheEverR6robot,andstandsat1.8meters.(一年多以前，開發(fā)自動化的工作開始了。起初，它被設(shè)計得像一臺機器，并沒有達到人們的期望。然后，該公司尋求改進方法。最后，它被賦予了兩條帶有關(guān)節(jié)的手臂來模仿手腕和肘部，使它能夠像人類指揮一樣移動一根棍子。它被命名為EverR6機器人，身高1.8米)"可知，第二段主要講述了EverR6機器人的研發(fā)過程。故選B。13．推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第四段"The12-minutepiecetheyplannedtoperform,"Feel"byIl-hoonSon,wascreatedspecificallyforthisevent.ItwascreatedwiththestrengthsofbothEverR6andthehumanconductor,Soo-yeolChoi,inmind.(他們計劃演奏的12分鐘的曲目是孫一勛的《Feel》，這是專門為此次活動制作的。這首歌是在考慮到EverR6和人類指揮家崔秀烈(Soo-yeolChoi)的長處后創(chuàng)作的)"可推知，"Feel"是一個展示人機合作的作品。故選B。14．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第五段"Meanwhile,itwasuptothehumanconductortoleadtheorchestraincreatinganimprovisational(即興的)score,addingdepthtotheotherwiseplannedpiece.(與此同時，由人類指揮來帶領(lǐng)樂隊創(chuàng)作即興樂譜，為原本計劃好的作品增加深度)"可知，他在表演中指揮演出的即興部分。故選C。15．推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章最后一段""Let'sleavetheaccuracytotherobots,"Soo-yeolChoisaid,"butthemusicalandartisticaspectstoahumanconductor."("讓我們把精確度留給機器人吧，"崔秀烈(Soo-yeolChoi)說，"而把音樂和藝術(shù)方面的工作留給人類指揮。")"可推知，Soo-yeolChoi對這個機器人持支持的態(tài)度。故選C。16．C；17．B；18．E；19．F；20．G本文是一篇說明文，介紹了去旅行的四個理由。

考查七選五，本文是一篇旅游類閱讀，要求在理解細節(jié)信息的基礎(chǔ)上，著重考查對上下文的理解和推理判斷能力。16．根據(jù)空前"Travelingiswhatmakesyourlifecomplete.Youmayoftencomplainthatthereistoomuchworkandnotimetotravel."旅行讓你的人生變得完整。你可能經(jīng)常抱怨工作太多，沒有時間去旅行；以及空后"Therearehundredsofreasonswhyyoushouldtravel.Hereareonly