中國百科大辭典18（計算機與自動控制）

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中國百科大辭典

中國百科大辭典編委會編

計算機與自動控制

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目錄1

計算機與自動控制

計算機科學

計算機科學.......................................1…

計算機技術(shù).......................................1…

計算機制造業(yè).....................................1…

計算機服務(wù)業(yè).....................................1…

計算機系統(tǒng)配置...................................2…

計算技術(shù).........................................2…

計算機系統(tǒng)性能評價...............................2…

計算機系統(tǒng)可靠性.................................2…

自動機論.........................................2-

可計算性理論.....................................2…

網(wǎng)論.............................................3

非確定性.........................................3…

算法語言.........................................3…

形式語言理論.....................................3…

正則語言.........................................3…

抽象語言族.......................................4-

程序設(shè)計理論.....................................4…

形式語義學.......................................4-

程序邏輯.........................................4…

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2目錄

程序驗證.........................................4…

編碼.............................................4???

定點運算..........................................4-

浮點運算.........................................5…

艾肯.............................................5???

埃克脫...........................................5…

莫奇利...........................................5…

霍珀.............................................6???

享斯菲爾德.......................................6…

圖靈.............................................6???

系統(tǒng)結(jié)構(gòu)

電子計算機.......................................7…

數(shù)字計算機.......................................7…

定點計算機.......................................7-

浮點計算機.......................................7…

模擬計算機.......................................7…

微型計算機.......................................8…

小型計算機.......................................8…

巨型計算機.......................................8…

新一代計算機系統(tǒng).................................8…

計算機系統(tǒng).......................................8…

串行處理計算機系統(tǒng)...............................9…

并行處理計算機系統(tǒng)...............................9…

4

目錄3

分布計算機系統(tǒng)...................................9…

計算機網(wǎng).........................................9-

微程序設(shè)計.......................................9…

固件工程........................................10

硬件

硬件...........................................................1…0硬設(shè)

備...........................................................1…0數(shù)組處理

機.........................................................1…0聯(lián)想處理

機................................................................1…0指

令................................................................11指令系

統(tǒng)............................................................1…1數(shù)字邏

輯............................................................1-1中央處理

機...........................................................1…1微處理

器.............................................................1…1控制

器...............................................................1…1運算

器..............................................................1…2分時系

統(tǒng)............................................................1…2中斷系

統(tǒng)............................................................1…2存貯系

統(tǒng).............................................................1…2寄存

器.....................................................1…2存貯

器..........................................................1…2只讀存貯

器.........................................................1…3磁帶存貯

器.....................................1…3

5

4目錄

磁盤存貯器....................................................1…3磁

鼓..............................................................1…3磁性薄

膜............................................................1…3低溫器

件............................................................1…3外部設(shè)

備.................................................................13總

線...................................................................1…4通

道..............................................................1…4輸入設(shè)

備...................................................1…4輸出設(shè)

備..........................................................1…4模數(shù)轉(zhuǎn)換

器.........................................................1…4數(shù)模轉(zhuǎn)換

器...................................................1…4轉(zhuǎn)換設(shè)

備...................................................1…4終端設(shè)

備...................................................1…5顯示設(shè)

備..........................................................1…5行式打印

機.............................................................1…5繪圖

儀..........................................15

軟件

軟件...........................................................1…5軟設(shè)

備..................................................................1…5程

序..............................................................1-5程序系

統(tǒng)............................................................1…6匯編語

言............................................................1…6翻譯程

序.......................................1…6

6

目錄5

編譯程序...................................................1…6解釋程

序..........................................................1…6宏加工程

序...........................................................1…6實用程

序............................................................1…6編輯程

序........................................................1…6連接裝配程

序.................................................1…6診斷程

序..................................................1…6管理程

序..................................................1…7操作系

統(tǒng)....................................................................1…7文

件..............................................................1…7文

卷............................................................1…7程序

庫..............................................1…7程序設(shè)計語

言....................................................1…7程序設(shè)計方法

學....................................................1…8結(jié)構(gòu)程序設(shè)

計.....................................................1…8自動程序設(shè)

計......................................................1…8并發(fā)程序設(shè)

計....................................................1…8分布式程序設(shè)

計...........................................................1…8軟件工

程............................................................1…9軟件管

理........................................................1…9軟件生存周

期............................................................1…9網(wǎng)絡(luò)軟

件............................................................1…9圖形軟

件............................................................1…9數(shù)學軟

件..............................................................1…9數(shù)據(jù)

庫.........................................1???9

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6目錄

數(shù)據(jù).........................................................2…0數(shù)據(jù)結(jié)

構(gòu)............................................................2…0數(shù)據(jù)模

型.......................................2…0

計算機應(yīng)用

科學計算....................................................2…0數(shù)據(jù)處

理........................................................2…0漢字信息處

理................................................2…0人工智

能..............................................................2…1機器翻

譯..............................................................2…1專家系

統(tǒng).................................................................2…1機器

人.........................................................2…1定理機器證

明............................................................2…1圖象處

理..............................................................2…2模式識

別........................................................2…2遙感圖象處

理................................................2…2智能儀

器................................................2…2計算機安

全................................................2…2計算機藝

術(shù)...........................................................2…3計算機模

擬........................................2…3計算機信息檢

索...............................................2…3計算機輔助斷層成

象...............................................2…3計算機輔助設(shè)

計.....................................2…3計算機輔助制

造.................................2-4

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目錄7

計算機過程控制........................................2…4計算機診斷技

術(shù)....................................2…4計算機輔助測

試....................................2…4計算機輔助教

育...................................2…4計算機檢測和控

制......................................2…4計算機圖形

學.............................................2…4集成電路計算機輔助設(shè)

計.........................2…5經(jīng)營管理自動化..................................

2-5應(yīng)用系統(tǒng)開發(fā)...........................................2…5辦公室自動

化.......................................................2…5圖書館自動

化.......................................2…5銀行業(yè)務(wù)自動

化.............................................2…6計算機心電圖分析系

統(tǒng)..........................2-6計算機情報檢索系統(tǒng).............................

2…6半自動地面防空系統(tǒng)............................2…6產(chǎn)生型計算機輔助教學系

統(tǒng)......................2…7衛(wèi)星導航計算機..................................2…

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自動控制

自動學........................................................2…7遠動

學...............................................................2…7控制

論...............................................................2???7自動控

制..............................................................2-8自動調(diào)

節(jié)........................................2-8

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8目錄

閉環(huán)控制...................................................2…8開環(huán)控

制............................................................2…8過程控

制............................................................2…8程序控

制............................................................2???9自適應(yīng)控

制...........................................................2…9最佳控

制............................................................2…9定值控

制............................................................2…9濕度控

制................................................................2…9群

控..........................................................2…9自動控制系

統(tǒng)......................................................3-0自動調(diào)節(jié)系

統(tǒng)......................................................3…0采樣控制系

統(tǒng)..........................................................3…0制導系

統(tǒng)........................................................3…。直接數(shù)字控

制............................................................3-0自動保

護..............................................................3…0自動檢

測..............................................................3…1控制設(shè)

備.................................................................3…1調(diào)節(jié)

器.................................................................3…1調(diào)節(jié)

閥.................................................................3…1變送

器.................................................................3…1傳感

器...........................................................3…1工業(yè)自動

化.......................................................3…1巡回檢測裝

置.....................................................3…2過程控制儀

表......................................................3…2工業(yè)測量儀

表....................................3-2

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目錄9

電動單元組合儀表.................................3…2比例一積分一微分控

制..........................3…2報警系統(tǒng)........................................

3…2報警探測器.............................................3…3壓力自動控

制......................................................3…3時鐘控制系

統(tǒng)............................................................3…3射流技

術(shù)......................................................3…3非線性控制理

論....................................................3…3隨機控制理

論..................................................................3…3遙

測.....................................................................3…3遙

控..................................................................3…3遙感

器...............................................................3…4遙感平

臺.............................................3…4遙感圖象解

譯....................................................3…4無線電導航技

術(shù)..................................................3…4無線電導航系

統(tǒng).................................3-4

交通

總類

交通..........................................................36交通工

具............................................................3…6交通法

規(guī).......................................3…6

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01目錄

交通管理...................................................3…7交通公

害............................................................3…7交通工

程............................................................3…7交通安

全............................................................3…7交通事

故............................................................3…8交通心理

學.....................................................3…8交通運輸審判

庭.................................3…8

公路

公路運輸.........................................................3…8

輦......................................................................3—9

轎.....................................................................3…9輜

車.....................................................................3…9耕

車..........................................................3…9汽車運行調(diào)

度..................................................3…9汽車零擔貨物運

輸.....................................................4…。汽車運輸成

本......................................................4…0汽車包車運

輸......................................................4…0汽車貨物運

輸............................................................4???0汽車修

理......................................................4…0汽車集裝箱運

輸...........................................................4…1汽車歹!]

車.................................................................4…1貨

源...................................................................4…1貨

損...........................................4…1

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目錄11

貨差......................................................4…1貨

流..............................................................4…1貨物運

單............................................................4???1貨物周轉(zhuǎn)

量.......................................................4…2公路客運班

車........................................................4…2旅客周轉(zhuǎn)

量................................................................4…2噸公

里...............................................4…2城市公共交

通....................................................4…2凸起人行橫道

線.......................................................4…2特重件運

輸.......................................................4…3滾拖大件運

輸.............................................................4…3防撞

欄..............................................4…3特大件運

輸.........................................................4…3特長件運

輸...........................................................4…3聯(lián)合運

輸..........................................................4…4公路養(yǎng)路

費........................................................4-4公路養(yǎng)護道

班.................................................4…4公路綠

化.................................................................4…4行道

樹...............................................................4…4以工代

賑.................................................4…4汽車專用

線.................................................4…5公路隧

道....................................................4…5福馬公路鼓山隧

道.................................................4…5京石公路北京

段.........................................................4…5三元立交

橋.....................................4…5

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21目錄

廣州高架路...............................................4…6梧桐山隧

道...........................................................4…6魁北克

橋............................................................4…6悉尼港

橋..........................................................4???6沱沱河大

橋....................................................4…6東營黃河公路大

橋.................................................4…6松花江公路大

橋.......................................4…7沙洋公路大

橋..................................................4…7鄭州黃河公路大

橋......................................4…7南京長江大

橋...........................................4…7武漢長江大

橋............................................4…7錢塘江大

橋...........................................................4-7劍河大

橋............................................................4…8黃河索道

橋................................................................4…8寶帶

橋.................................................................4…8趙州

橋.................................................................4…8蘆溝

橋...............................................................4…8瀘定

橋...............................................................4…8洛陽

橋...................................................4…9密云縣玻璃鋼公路

橋..............................................4…9雙沉載雙牽引索

道.....................................................4…9九峰懸索

橋............................................4…9空中索

道...............................................4…9黃山纜車索

道..................................................................5…0公

路...........................................5…0

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目錄31

高速公路.................................................5…0川藏公

路............................................................5…0滇緬公

路............................................................5…0青藏公

路............................................................5…0中尼公

路............................................................5…0中巴公

路......................................................5-1香港海底公路隧

道..........................................................5…1石門隧

道......................................5…1圣哥達隧

道.......................................................5…1阿爾貝格隧

道....................................................5…1利弗雷瑞斯隧

道.......................................................5…1勃朗峰隧

道.......................................................5…1黃浦江底隧

道....................................5-1

水路

水路運輸..................................................5…2

筏...............................................................5…2

舟...............................................................5…2

櫓............................................................5…2帆

船............................................................5…2漕

運.......................................................5…2班輪運

輸............................................................5…3港務(wù)監(jiān)

督........................................................5…3港口

費.........................................5…3

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41目錄

靈渠斗門................................................5…3港

口..............................................................5…4封閉隔

艙........................................................5…4船尾

舵..........................................................5…4船

塢...........................................................5…4寶

船..............................................................5…4海上保

險..........................................................5…4海

難............................................5-4“泰坦尼克”

號海難...............................5-5“安德歷亞.多里亞”

號海難.......................5-5“托里坎榮”

號海難...............................5-5“多納.帕茲”

號客輪大海難......................5-5“四二三號”

客船翻沉事故.................................5…5南通船舶碰撞事

故.....................................................5…6航海指南

針...........................................................5…6船舶登

記............................................................5…6船舶旗

號............................................................5…6航海日

記.................................................................5…6航

標..................................................................56大運

河..........................................................5…7運

河...................................................5…7蘇伊士運

河.........................................................5…7巴拿馬運

河...................................................5…7基爾運

河..................................................5…7輪船招商

局.....................................58

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目錄51

碼頭...............................................................5…8渡

船...........................................................5…8水陸兩用貨

車................................................5…8布列斯特第三號船

塢..............................................5…8電動絞車式升船

機.................................................5…9可調(diào)螺距螺旋

槳...........................................................5…9鹿特丹

港.................................................................5…9紐約

港.................................................................5…9神戶

港.................................................................5…9橫濱

港...............................................................5…9名古屋

港............................................................6…0新奧爾良

港.............................................................6…0新力口坡

港...............................................................6…0馬賽

港.............................................................6…0科倫坡

港...............................................................6…0上海

港...............................................................6…1大連

港...............................................................6???1香港

港...............................................................6…1南京

港.............................................................6…1秦皇島

港...............................................................6…1黃埔

港...............................................................6…2青島

港...............................................................6…2天津

港...............................................................6…2湛江

港...............................................................6…2連云

港.........................................6…2

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61目錄

救生筏........................................................6…3救生

圈...............................................................6…3救生

衣.........................................63

鐵路

歹I」車................................................6…3重載歹!]

車.............