河南專用2020版中考英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法過(guò)關(guān)專題二代詞課件人教新目標(biāo)版

專題二代詞考點(diǎn)一人稱代詞與物主代詞考點(diǎn)突破考點(diǎn)二反身代詞、指示代詞、替代詞及it考點(diǎn)三不定代詞考點(diǎn)一人稱代詞與物主代詞考點(diǎn)突破人稱代詞及物主代詞的構(gòu)成及用法人稱代詞不僅指人,也可指物,有人稱、數(shù)和格的變化。物主代詞是人稱代詞的

屬格形式,表示“所有”關(guān)系,有形容詞性物主代詞和名詞性物主代詞兩種。數(shù)人稱詞義類型單數(shù)

復(fù)數(shù)

一二三一二三

我你她/他/它我們你們他們/她們/它們主格Iyoushe;he;itweyouthey賓格meyouher;him;itusyouthem一、人稱代詞二、物主代詞注意:1.幾個(gè)人稱代詞并列充當(dāng)主語(yǔ)時(shí),它們的順序是:單數(shù):“二、三、一”即you,he/sheandI復(fù)數(shù):“一、二、三”即we,youandthey數(shù)人稱詞義類

型單數(shù)

復(fù)數(shù)

一二三

一二三

我的你的他的她的它的我們的你們的他/她/它們的形容詞性myyourhisheritsouryourtheir名詞性mineyourshishers/oursyourstheirs2.形容詞性物主代詞通常放在名詞前作定語(yǔ)。如:mypenpal我的筆友hername她的名字3.名詞性物主代詞常用來(lái)避免前面已經(jīng)提及的名詞,相當(dāng)于“形容詞性物主代

詞+名詞”。常和of連用作定語(yǔ)。如:Thisbookismine.Yours(Yourbook)isonyourdesk.這本書(shū)是我的。你的(書(shū))在你的桌子上。Judyisafriendofmine.Judy是我的一個(gè)朋友?？键c(diǎn)二反身代詞、指示代詞、替代詞及it一、反身代詞反身代詞是表示“我(們)自己”、“你(們)自己”、“他/她/它(們)自己”的代詞。注意:反身代詞和其他詞連用,構(gòu)成固定詞組。如:enjoyoneself過(guò)得愉快;玩得高興byoneself獨(dú)自反身代詞第一人稱第二人稱第三人稱單數(shù)myselfyourselfhimself/herself/itself復(fù)數(shù)ourselvesyourselvesthemselveshelponeselfto...隨便吃/用……dressoneself某人自己穿衣服cometooneself蘇醒hurtoneself受傷teachoneself/learnbyoneself自學(xué)單數(shù)thisthat復(fù)數(shù)thesethose二、指示代詞注意:1.this/these指代下文要提到的事,that/those指上文提到過(guò)的事。如:Pleaserememberthis:Wherethereisawill,thereisaway.請(qǐng)記住:有志者,事竟

成。Hewasbusy.Thatwaswhyhedidn'tgooutforawalkwithus.他很忙。那就是他沒(méi)有和我們一起去散步的原因。2.打電話時(shí)用this指代自己,用that指代對(duì)方。如:ThisisNancyspeaking.Who'sthat?我是Nancy,你是誰(shuí)?三、it,one/ones,that/those作替代詞時(shí)的區(qū)別1.it特指上文提到的同一對(duì)象,是同一事物。如:Ihaveanewschoolbag.It'sverynice.我有一個(gè)新書(shū)包。它很漂亮。2.one泛指上文提及的同類事物中的一個(gè)(表示幾個(gè)時(shí)用ones),同類而不同物。

如:—Whohasadictionary?誰(shuí)有詞典?—Ihaveone.我有一本。3.that常用于比較結(jié)構(gòu)中,代替前面提到的可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)或不可數(shù)名詞,以避免

重復(fù);若前面提到的可數(shù)名詞為復(fù)數(shù),則用those代替。如:TheweatherinBeijingiscolderthanthatinGuangzhouinwinter.冬天北京的天氣

比廣州的天氣冷。四、it的特殊用法:1.it作形式主語(yǔ),常用于以下句型:It'+adj.(+for/ofsb.)+todosth.(對(duì)某人來(lái)說(shuō))做某事是……的。It's+adj.+that從句某事是……的。2.it作形式賓語(yǔ)。如:Ifinditboringathome.我發(fā)現(xiàn)在家里很無(wú)聊?？键c(diǎn)三不定代詞一、普通的不定代詞不定代詞是不明確代指某個(gè)人、某個(gè)事物、某些人、某些事物的代詞,它們起

名詞或形容詞的作用。?？嫉囊谆觳欢ù~有很多,常見(jiàn)的有如下幾組:many修飾可數(shù)名詞,表示“許多;大量”much修飾不可數(shù)名詞,表示“許多;大量”alotof/lotsof既可以修飾可數(shù)名詞,也可以修飾不可數(shù)名詞some既可以修飾可數(shù)名詞,也可以修飾不可數(shù)名詞;多用在肯定句中;還可以用在表示邀請(qǐng)、請(qǐng)求或期待得到肯定回答的疑問(wèn)句中any既可以修飾可數(shù)名詞,也可以修飾不可數(shù)名詞;any多用在否定句、疑問(wèn)句和條件狀語(yǔ)從句中few修飾可數(shù)名詞,表否定意義,意為“不多,很少”afew修飾可數(shù)名詞,表肯定意義,意為“幾個(gè);有些”little修飾不可數(shù)名詞,表否定意義,意為“幾乎沒(méi)有”alittle修飾不可數(shù)名詞,表肯定意義,意為“少量;一些”1.表示數(shù)量的詞或短語(yǔ)注意:some,any,few,little,both,neither等既可作代詞,也可作限定詞修飾名

詞。如:—Youmustbethirsty.CanIgetyousometea?你一定渴了。我給你倒點(diǎn)茶水吧?—Justalittleplease.請(qǐng)給我一點(diǎn)點(diǎn)。2.either,neither,both,all,noneeither表示“兩者中的任何一個(gè)”,可以和or搭配neither表示“兩者都不”,可以和nor搭配both表示“兩者都”,可以和and搭配all表示“都”,適用于三者或三者以上的人或物none表示“都不”,適用于三者或三者以上的人或物3.every(作限定詞),each側(cè)重點(diǎn)each強(qiáng)調(diào)個(gè)體;every強(qiáng)調(diào)整體。兩者都和可數(shù)名詞的單數(shù)搭配。each和“every+名詞”作主語(yǔ)時(shí),謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞要用單數(shù)形式適用范圍each適用于兩個(gè)或兩個(gè)以上的人或物;every適用于三個(gè)或三個(gè)以上的人或物不定代詞意義用法說(shuō)明other另外的只作定語(yǔ),常與復(fù)數(shù)名詞連用;但如果前面有the,this,that,some,any,each,every,no,one,my,your,his等時(shí),則可與單數(shù)名詞連用theother兩者中的另一個(gè)常與one連用,構(gòu)成“one...theother...”;作定語(yǔ)修飾復(fù)數(shù)名詞時(shí),表示“其余的全部”others另一些泛指別的人或物(但不是全部),不能作定語(yǔ),構(gòu)成“some...others...”theothers其余的特指其余的人或物another另一個(gè)指三者或三者以上中的任何一個(gè),用作限定詞或代詞4.other,theother,others,theothers,another二、復(fù)合不定代詞1.初中階段常用復(fù)合不定代詞列表如下:2.在反意疑問(wèn)句中,當(dāng)陳述部分的主語(yǔ)是指人的復(fù)合不定代詞,如everybody,no-

body,anyone等時(shí),反意疑問(wèn)部分的主語(yǔ)通常用代詞they;當(dāng)陳述部分的主語(yǔ)是指

物的復(fù)合不定代詞,如everything,anything,something,nothing等時(shí),反意疑問(wèn)部分somebody(某人)anybody(隨便哪個(gè)人/任何人)nobody(沒(méi)有人)everybody(每人)someone(某人)anyone(隨便哪個(gè)人/任何人)noone(沒(méi)有人)everyone(每人)something(某事)anything(隨便什么事/任何事)nothing(沒(méi)有東西)everything(每一件事)的主語(yǔ)通常用代詞it。如:Everybodyishere,aren'tthey?大家都在這里,不是嗎?Everythingisready,isn'tit?所有東西都準(zhǔn)備好了,不是嗎?3.當(dāng)形容詞或else修飾復(fù)合不定代詞something,everything,everyone等時(shí),形容

詞或else常放在這些詞的后面。如:Hehassomethingimportanttotellyou.他有一些重要的事情要告訴你。Canyoufindanyoneelse?你能找到其他人嗎?4.everyone的意思等同于everybody,只能指人;everyone既可指人也可指物,還可

以和of連用。如:I'dlikeeveryonetobehappy.我希望人人都幸福。Ihavekepteveryoneofherletters.我已經(jīng)把她的每一封信都保存了下來(lái)?？键c(diǎn)四疑問(wèn)代詞代詞意義基本用法例句who誰(shuí)在句中作主語(yǔ)或賓語(yǔ)Whoisthatgirl?那個(gè)女孩是誰(shuí)?whom誰(shuí)在句中作賓語(yǔ)Withwhomdidyougoswimming?你和誰(shuí)去游泳的?whose誰(shuí)的對(duì)物主代詞進(jìn)行提問(wèn)Whosepenisthis?這是誰(shuí)的鋼筆?what什么對(duì)具體內(nèi)容進(jìn)行提問(wèn)Whatdoyouknowaboutit?關(guān)于它,你了解些什么?which哪個(gè)對(duì)指定范圍內(nèi)的“哪個(gè)”進(jìn)行提問(wèn)Whichmoviedoyoulikebest?你最喜歡哪部電影?一、單句填空1.(2019河南)Whentimesaredifficult,tell

yourself

(you)thatpainispartof

growing.2.(2019北京)Mr.Wangiscomingtoourschool.Ican'twaittosee

him

(he).3.(2019江蘇南京)LastmonththestudentsinChangjiangRoadPrimarySchoolheld

the“TenYearsofGrowthCeremony”tocelebrate

their

(they)10thbirthday

together.4.(2019重慶)Theirplantsdon'tgrowverywell,but

ours

(we)lookreallygood.中考題組5.(2019山西)—Newkindsofmorningexerciseslikedancingarebecomingpopu-

lar.—

They

(them)canhelpuskeepfitandhavefun.6.(2019湖北武漢)—Thisroomistoosmall.I'dliketoaskfor

another

.—Sure.Wehaveroomsavailablehere.7.(2019廣東)NobodytaughttheoldladyhowtouseWeChat.Shelearneditallby

herself

(she).8.(2019福建)Almost

everyone

inourgrouphasbeentothe2ndDigitalChina

Summit.It'sfantastic.9.(2019安徽)Couldyoustayalittlelonger?Ihave

something

moretotellyou

abouttheplanfortomorrow.10.(2019黑龍江哈爾濱)Learningisalifelongjourneybecausewecanlearn

something

neweveryday.11.(2019江蘇蘇州)—Hello,areyouMr.Morrison?—Yes.That's

me

(I).12.(2019河北)—Myrulerisbroken.CanIborrow

yours

(you)?—Ofcourse.Hereitis.13.(2019四川成都)—UncleLee,mayIuseyourbike?—Sorry,mineisbroken.Youcanaskyourauntfor

hers

(she).14.(2019湖南長(zhǎng)沙)—Sosorry,ItookyourschoolT-shirtbymistake.Butwhereis

mine

(I)?—Don'tworry.Letmehelpyoufindit.15.(2019廣西南寧)Look!Thewomanoverthereisourteacher.Sheteaches

us

(we)English.16.(2019內(nèi)蒙古呼和浩特)—MayIhelpyouwithsomejeans,sir?—Yes,I'dliketotryonthoseblue

ones

.17.(2019浙江溫州)Samfindssweepingrobotsuseful,andheplanstobuy

one

forhisgrandma.18.(2018河南)Asachild,Iwouldsitforhoursbytheriverdoing

nothing

—

simplydaydreaming.19.(2018北京)MybrotherandIlikefootball.

We

(us)playittogetheroncea

week.20.(2018天津)—Sheistoobusytohelpusfinishthework.—Let'sdoit

ourselves

(we).21.(2018上海)Myfatherisagooddoctor.

He

(him)workshardtohelphispa-

tients.22.(2018廣東)BoxingDay,the26thofDecember,got

its

(it)namefromatime

whenmanyrichfamiliesgaveboxesofgiftstopoorpeoplewhohadtoworkat

Christmas.23.(2018湖北武漢)—Doyouknowwherethelasttwopictureswent?—Amillionairebought

both

ofthem.Hethoughttheywereworth.24.(2018福建)—Itriedmanywaystosolvetheproblem,but

none

ofthem

worked.—Nevergiveup.You'llsurelymakeit.25.(2018吉林)—Whichclubdoyouwanttojoin,thechessclubortheswimmingclub?—

Neither

.Iwanttojointhebasketballclub.26.(2017河南)HisnameisJames,butheusuallycalls

himself

(he)Jim.二、語(yǔ)篇填空(2020河南中考預(yù)測(cè))閱讀短文,從方框中選擇適當(dāng)?shù)脑~并用其正確形式填空,使短文通順、意思完

整。每空限填一詞,每詞限用一次。theydangerouswhentellmovebravefacesaylikelargeOneday,twomenwentalongalonelyroadandtalkedofwhattheywoulddoifa

bearorwolvesattacked(進(jìn)攻)1

.“Don'tfear,”2

thelargerone,“Ican

protectyouandme,too,sotherewillbeno3

.Thereisnothingintheforestfor

anymantofear,exceptahungrybear,andI'dliketomeetthebearthatcouldbea

matchforme.”Justatthattime,ahugebearappearedontheroadand4

towardsthetwomen.Thetwomenranforatree.Theonewhospokeso5

reacheditfirstandclimbed

tosafety.Thesmallerman,beingleftto6

thebearalone,threwhimselfonthe

groundandlayasifhewasdead.7

thebearcameup,hesmeltthemanonthegroundandwentaway.Thenthe8

mancamedownfromthetreeandsaid,

“Whatdidthebearsayinyourear?Youseemed9

oldfriends.”“Oh,”theotheranswered,“He10

menevertotrustapersonwhotalksbig.”1.

them

2.

said

3.

danger

4.

moved

5.

bravely

6.

face

7.

When

8.

larger

9.

like

10.

told

一、單句填空1.(2019河南新鄉(xiāng)一模)OldMr.Blackliveshappilywithhisthreedogs.

All

of

themarepartofhisfamily.2.(2019河南洛陽(yáng)一模)Ifyouwanttoseemeortalktomeor

anything

,just

stopin.3.(2019河南安陽(yáng)一模)Wecan'tleaveIrisby

herself

(she).Sheisafraidofher

ownshadow.4.(2019河南焦作一模)—Thebook12

Rules

for

Lifeisveryinteresting!模擬題組—Yes.Oneoftherulesis“Compareyourselftowhoyouwereyesterday,notto

who

someone

elseistoday.”5.(2019河南許昌一模)Mr.Strangenamedhispetdog“Cat”.Hewantedtoknow

ifCatdoubted

itself

(it)whenitwascalled.6.(2019河南中原名校中考第一次大聯(lián)考)Lilysingsverywell.Infact,Idon't

think

anyone

cansingbetterinmyclass.7.(2019河南中原名校中考第二次大聯(lián)考)—Whichofthetwoscarveswouldyou

like?—

Neither

.Idon'tliketheirstyles.8.(2019河南百校聯(lián)盟大聯(lián)考)—Doyouhaveanyinterestingnewstotellustoday,

Rose?—No,

nothing

much.9.(2019河南鄭州二模)—IhavetogotoWandaPlazatobuyanewfootball.—Whynotbook

one

onyourmobile?You'llgetitinanhour.10.(2019河南省實(shí)驗(yàn)中學(xué)二模)Shelostherselfindoingherhomeworksothatshe

didn'thear

somebody

knockingatthedooratall.11.(2018河南開(kāi)封一模)—Mum,I'lltakeexamsafterMayDay.I'mabitstressed.—Believein

yourself

(you).Ithinkyouwillmakeit.12.(2018河南許昌一模)Wedon'thaveenoughbooksfor

everybody

;some

peoplewillhavetoshare.13.(2018河南商丘一模)—Susan,goandjoinyoursistercleaningtheyard.—Why

me

(I)?Johnissittingtheredoingnothing.14.(2018河南洛陽(yáng)二模)—AlatestLuoyang

Daily,please.—Onlyonecopyleft.Wouldyouliketohave

it

,sir?15.(2018河南鄭州一模)—Haveyougotallyourtextbooks?—Don'tworry,Mom.

None

isleft.Theyareallinmyschoolbag.16.(2018河南商丘二模