高中英語(yǔ)重點(diǎn)詞匯精講

高中英語(yǔ)重點(diǎn)詞匯精講

abandon:vt.放棄，遺棄abandonmedicineforliterature棄醫(yī)從文；desert:遺棄，拋棄ona

desertedisland.

ability:n能力，才能：havetheabilitytodo...=becapableofdoing…有能力做...

able:adj.有能力的：anableleader;beableto與can的區(qū)別：can只有現(xiàn)在（can）和過(guò)去（could）

兩種形式，而beableto可有各種時(shí)態(tài)。（詳見情態(tài)動(dòng)詞）。

Thefirespreadthroughthehotelveryquickly,buteveryonegetout.

A.couldB.wasabletoC.canD.must（B）

aboard:adv./prep在船（飛機(jī),車）上.Aboard=onboard;Allaboard!請(qǐng)上船;開船啦。

Welcomeaboard!請(qǐng)上船（飛機(jī)，車）

about:pr6t./adv.在周圍，在身邊；關(guān)于（on更嚴(yán)肅，正式）；大約：beabouttodo...（=beat/onthe

pointofdoing...）即將做。。。。。。后不能接soon,atonce等時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)；Howabout

+doing/名詞/代詞徇子等...=Whatabout..做...好嗎？

①Ihavenomoneyaboutme.②HaveyouheardofthestoryaboutShakespeare?

abouttwoyeas=twoyearsprso=sometwoyears

Allthemarinersdiedexcepttheonewhoshotthebirdlefttotellhisstorytoothers,

whichwasdescribedinthepoemcalled“TheRimeoftheAncientMariner.^^

A.onaboardB.onaboardC.onboardsD.aboard

abroad:adv.be（go/live/travel）abroad;come（return）fromabroad;bothathomeandabroad在國(guó)內(nèi)

外;beallabroad離題，不中肯

absence:n.absent:adj.不在，缺席；不在意的：

HewillbeabsentatthemeetingfromBeijing.（不在北京）

HewillbeabsentatthemeetinginBeijing.（外出在北京）Absenceofmind心不在焉；

反義詞：present出席的，在場(chǎng)的，用法和absent一樣，但作定語(yǔ)要后置（n.禮物，at

present目前）gotapresentattheparty.（A）

A.AllpresentB.PresentallC.Allpresenting

absorb:vt.吸收（聲音，光線，液體等），吸收，理解（知識(shí)等）；Beabsorbedin全神貫注于。I

wasabsorbedinabookanddidn'thearyoucall.

academic:學(xué)院的，學(xué)校的，學(xué)業(yè)的。academiclevels/challenges:學(xué)業(yè)水平/學(xué)習(xí)中的挑戰(zhàn)。

accident:意外;incident:小事件，政治事變或事件byaccident=bychance偶然

accept:承認(rèn)，接受（主觀），receive:收到（表客觀），acceptAasB承認(rèn)A是B,

Hewasacceptedasanexcellentteacheratlast.

Yesterdayhedidaninvitation,butherefusedtoit.（B、A）

A.acceptB.receive

access:進(jìn)入，接近（to）,haveaccessto:有權(quán)進(jìn)入.…，能夠使用到....accessibleadj.可以使用（或

得到）的。能進(jìn)入的。Sth.beaccessabletosb.某人容易使用到…

account:accountfbr..，W#,描述。Onaccountof...因?yàn)?..takeaccountof...考慮到…。

accuse;指控,指責(zé)。Accusesb.Ofsth…指控某人犯…；beaccusedof...被指控犯…。

achieve:①完成，取得，達(dá)至Uachieveone'swork/success/one\goal;achievethegoalofdoing...

至lj.....目標(biāo)。^achievements:成就，成績(jī)Heachieved/gainedgreat/brilliantachievements

inwritingnovels.

acquire:學(xué)習(xí)（一般指天生的習(xí)得）；而learn指課堂學(xué)習(xí)。Englishacquiredability.

across:①橫穿而過(guò)(從物體表面)；through:穿過(guò)(從物件內(nèi)部)；over:跨過(guò)(從物體上方)；

past:經(jīng)過(guò)(從物件旁邊)；along:經(jīng)過(guò)(從物體邊沿)

Hewenttheriveranddidn'tfindaboattogoit.

A.over,acrossB.along,acrossC.along,overD.past,through

act:①vi.行為，演出，Vt.擔(dān)當(dāng)，演...角色(=playthepartof)n.法令，條例actas=work

as=serveas擔(dān)當(dāng)，充當(dāng)

WhowillShakespeareinthefilm?A.actB.actasC.playapartpf(A)

①action.n.行為，行動(dòng)，措施takeactions采取行動(dòng),takemeasures采取措施

active:adj.積極的，活躍的take(an)activepartin積極參加...,beactiveinsth./doingsth.在....

方面很積極。live/leadanactivelife過(guò)著活躍的生活。

actual:①現(xiàn)實(shí)的，實(shí)際的(現(xiàn)實(shí)存在，不是想象中的)；real:真實(shí)的(不是假的)rue:真實(shí)的

(不是inactuallife,arealgoldring,atruestory②actually:adv.實(shí)際上，確實(shí)

=infact/inreality/asamatteroffact=really

adapt:(使適應(yīng)。dapt(oneself)to…(使適應(yīng)..adaptAforB:把A改編/改寫/改造成adaptfi*om…

根據(jù)……改編。

add:①vt.加add...to...把...力口至U........上

Twotothreemakesfive.A.addedB.addingC.isaddedD.beingadded(A)

②addto增力口，(=increase)Thebadweatheraddedtoourdifficulties.

③addup把力口Pleaseaddupallthefigures.

④addupto合計(jì)為=cometo=amountto

addict:vt.使...沉溺,be/getaddictedto對(duì)....上癮

Theyoungmangetsaddictedtodrugs.

address:①n地址②v寄產(chǎn)postheaddressedalettertome.

adjust:adjust(oneself)to…使自己適宜于...；adaptto適應(yīng)于=agreewith

admire:admiresb.For(doing)sth.因...而欽佩某人;envy:妒忌，羨慕envysb.sth.

admit:①vi/vt.admit(to)sth.承認(rèn)...admissionn.②讓...進(jìn)入，接納admitab.to/into...

允許某人進(jìn)入...beadmittedtoschool/hospital,允許進(jìn)入....,③admitdoingsth.允許

做...承認(rèn)做....④admit+從句⑤admttof...=allowof…容許有...Thematter

admitsofnodelay.容納二hold二seatTheroomcanadmit200persons.

adopt:采納，接受(二accept),收養(yǎng)。adoptone\suggestion.

advance:advancetowardsaplace:向...前進(jìn)advanceinsth.在...方面有增長(zhǎng)；advancetoa

place:至達(dá)...;advanceon/upon…逼近，進(jìn)攻；inadvance:提前=aheadoftime;in

advanceof…在...之前，比....前進(jìn)。Advancing=developing:發(fā)展中的，advanced:

發(fā)達(dá)的，高級(jí)的，進(jìn)步的。

advantage:優(yōu)點(diǎn)，好處takeadvantageof…利用...=makeuseof;have/takeanadvantageover

others對(duì)...有優(yōu)勢(shì)。disadvantage:不足，可數(shù)名詞。

advice:①忠告,勸告(不可數(shù))，tip:勸告，可數(shù),apieceofadvice一條勸告,givesb.some

adviceon(howtodo)sth就....給某人提建議，take/followone'sadvice采納某人的

建議，ask(sb.)foradvice征詢某人的建議，dosth.onone'sadvice按某人的建議

做……

②advise:v.(BE)=advicev.(AE)advisesb.todosth.勸某人做...，advisesb.nottodo

sth=advisesb.againstdoingsth.勸/建議某人不要做....advisedoingsth.建議

做...;但suggest可用suggest:(one's/sb.)doingsth,不用suggestsb.todosth.

Itheladygothereatonce.A.suggestedB.advisedC.hopedD.wished(A)

affair:泛指“事務(wù)，事情，事件”，affairs:表重大“事務(wù)或事態(tài)”;event:指有重大意義的歷史事件；

business:生意，公事on/inbusiness,gointobusiness;matterI句題

Businessbeforepleasure.Thereareseveralmatterstobedealtwithatthemeeting.

affect:vt.影響effevtn.haveaneffecton…二affect…對(duì)...有影響.haveno/much/great/little...effect

on/upon對(duì)什么沒有/有很大/重大/很小，幾乎沒有影響.effectiveadj.有效的

afford:①負(fù)擔(dān)起(...的費(fèi)用)可接名詞,代詞或todo...........，常與can.could,beableto連用于否

定句或問(wèn)句中.

hispoorfamilycan'taffordhiseducation.Ican'taffordtobuyacaratpresent.

②抽得出時(shí)間=spare但spare可sparesb.+時(shí)間Hecan'taffordtimeforthecinema.I

canspareyoutwohours.我能為你抽出兩個(gè)小時(shí).③提供affordsb.sth.=offersb.sth.

/offersth.tosb.=supplysthto/forsb./supplysb.Withsth.=providesb.Withsth./provide

sthfor/tosb.Failureaffordusexperience.

afraid:beafraidtodo...害怕做...,beafraidof(doing)sth.擔(dān)心做....beafraid+句子,beafraid

not/so恐怕不行/恐怕如此(對(duì)句子的省略回答).Idon'twanttobeawaitressbecause

Pmafraiddishesfrequently.A.onbreakingB.tobreak(A)

after:①表過(guò)去一段時(shí)間以后或?qū)?lái)某個(gè)時(shí)刻以后，反義詞是before指從過(guò)去算起時(shí)間以前

或?qū)?lái)某個(gè)時(shí)刻以前;而指將來(lái)一段時(shí)間以后，反義詞是ago指從現(xiàn)在算起一段

里頭以前.②afterall畢竟,終究，aboveall首先，最重要的是(作入語(yǔ))，指重要性；

firstofall首先,最重要的是，指順序或重要性，inall=intotal=altogether總共,

atall根本.wecan'tblamehimfbrwhathedid;______heisachild.A.atall

B.inallC.afterallD.aboveall(C)

agree:①agreetosth.同意，Mc(plan/arrangement/suggestion/...?agreewothsb.(或decision,

view,opinion,或某人的話)同意，成；與....一致，適合(天氣，食物等)hemovedto

biijingbecausehetheweatherhere.(A)A.didn'tagreewithB.

wasn'tsuitableforC.wasn'tfitforD.didn'tagreeto③agreetodosth.同意，

成做...④agreeonsth.在....取得一致⑤agree+句子，同意....⑥反義詞：

disagree,名詞:agreement:契約，協(xié)議reach/cometo/amveat/makeanagreement

with...onsth.與...就....達(dá)成協(xié)議.

aid:do/give/offerfirstaidtosb=do/give/offersb.firstaid對(duì)某人進(jìn)行急救；go援救某人

aim:n./v.目標(biāo)，目的，瞄準(zhǔn)takeaimat...=aimat…瞄準(zhǔn)...目的在于....aimsthatsth用什么瞄

準(zhǔn)什么東西，aimyourgunat....,用槍瞄準(zhǔn)...aim…at..旨在…；aimtodosth目的

在于做...chinahaslongbeenaleaderinthefieldofgeneticresearchat

imporovingagriculture.A.aimedB.aimingC.toaim(A)

hehasaimedatenteringakeyuniversity.

air:①intheair在空中，在流傳，懸而未決；ontheair在廣播中；byair乘飛機(jī)等(=byplane)l

intheopenair在野外②vt.使通風(fēng)，晾干airyourclothes

all:all,both,each,every,everybody,everything,complete,completely,always,whole,wholly,

entirely,altogether等是總括含義代詞形容詞和副詞等，與否定詞not連用，構(gòu)成部分

否定，表示“不都，并非都”.而全否定要用no,none,never,nobody,nothing,neither,no

one,nowhere,nomore,nolong,noway等，表示否定意義的詞與肯定式謂語(yǔ)一起使

用構(gòu)成“全部否定

allow:①allowdoing…允許做..②allowsb.todo….允許某人做

Studentsaren'tallowed____inschool.A.tosmokeB.smoking（A）

③allowfor…考慮到，體諒，顧及。

Ittakesaboutanhourtogetthere,allowingforpossibletrafficdelays.

④allowof…容許，容得themeetingallowsofnodelay.

⑤allowsb.sth.同意給某人....

alive:loving,lovely,lovely,alive,live的區(qū)另ll：

aliveadj.u活著的”，作后置定語(yǔ)，表語(yǔ)，補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)等，不作前置定語(yǔ);k叩tstholive

live:作定語(yǔ)，“活的，有生命的，活生生的，生機(jī)勃勃的，燃著的，實(shí)況轉(zhuǎn)播的“，還可作動(dòng)詞,

alivefish,livecoal燃著的煤，alivefootballmatch一場(chǎng)直播的足球；aliveyoung

man一個(gè)生機(jī)勃勃的年輕人；

livingadj.“有生命的，活著的”，作前置定語(yǔ)或表語(yǔ)（還可作名詞makealiving）,修飾人或

物,livingbeings/things生物；

lively:"生動(dòng)的，活躍的,充滿生氣的“alivelyandinterestingclass;

lovelyadj.可愛的alovelygirl.

Whileapersonisasleep,apartofhisbrainisstill____.

A.activeB.aliveC.awakeD.aware（A）

Languageisaandcontinuallychangingthing.

A.liveB.aliveC.livelyD.living（D）

almost:"幾乎"二nearly,但almost不能位于very后;nearly不能和any,no,none,never,nothing

等連用,notnearly“決不，遠(yuǎn)非"二farfrom;almostnot“幾乎不"

Iamfarfromwithwhathesaid.（A）

A.satisfiedB.satisfyingC.beingsatisfied

alone:①adj.“單獨(dú)的”，作表語(yǔ)或補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)，表客觀事實(shí)；lonely:“孤獨(dú)的,荒涼的，偏僻的”，

可帶感情色彩.

②adv.單獨(dú)地，獨(dú)自alone=onone'sown=byoneself單獨(dú)地,leavesb.alone另U打擾某人,

把某人單獨(dú)下

Theoldmanlivesaloneinalonelyhouse,buthedoesn'tfeellonelybecausehecanmakea

livingalone.

aloud:出聲（側(cè)重，由無(wú)聲到有聲）loud大聲地（側(cè)重聲音由低到高）.

Pleasespeakloud.Ican'thearyouclearly.

although:①conj.雖然二though,不與but,so,and連用，可與yet,still連用.

②Although:常位于句首，不用倒裝;though:位于句中或句首，可倒可不倒裝;as常位于句

首,要倒裝（即副詞，形容詞,省冠詞的名詞，動(dòng)詞原形提前），它們都接句子；inspite

of=despite是介詞短語(yǔ)，接名詞或動(dòng)名詞.

gettinghighmarksintheexaminations,heisstillworkinghard.

A.InspiteofB.AlthoughC.ThoughD.Incaseof

amaze:vt.使...感到非常吃驚.①amazesb.②beamazedatsth對(duì)....感到吃驚.

③beamazedtodosth④Iwasamazed+句子.amazing表示令人驚奇的事物;

amazed表示人感到驚奇.

among:在...之間（多者）;between:在....之間（兩者）；betweenAandB

another:泛指多者中另外“一個(gè)或幾個(gè)“threemoreboys=anotherthreeboys;theother兩者中

另外“一個(gè)"one**,theother------個(gè)....另一個(gè);theothers=theother+可復(fù):“另外

一些”，指全部;others=other+可復(fù)：“另外一些”，指部分

IneedstudentstohelpmecarrythebooksbesidesTomandPeter.

A.threeotherB.threeanotherC.anotherthreeD.otherthree(C)

answer:答復(fù)，回答answertheletter/door/phone/question,answerfor對(duì)...負(fù)責(zé)，受到報(bào)

應(yīng),answeraquestion=replytoaquestion;ananswer/akeyto..................的答案

anxious:adj.渴望的，憂慮的(anxietyn.)beanxioustodosth.急切做...,beanxiousfor/about.

為...擔(dān)心,beanxious+句子(虛擬語(yǔ)氣);beeagertodosth..渴望做....;look

forwardtodoingsth..盼望做....

apologize:apologize(tosb.)fordoingsth./sth.=makeanapology(tosb.)fordoingsth./sth.為...

向某人道歉.

appear:①出現(xiàn)，顯露，thesunappearedoutoftheblackcloud.

②來(lái)至露面(Hedidn'tappearuntilthemeetingalmostended.

③看來(lái)(好像)Itappears/seemstosb.that+句子=sb.appears/seemstodosth.(此結(jié)構(gòu)一般

不用look)appear指從外表上看好象(=look)........;而seem指實(shí)質(zhì)上看好象...

Heappearstohaveknownthenews=itappearsthathehasknownthenews.

Theplaneappearsstrongerinsidethanoutside.(不用seem)

④appearance:n.出現(xiàn)，來(lái)至(外貌，面貌

Theoldbuildingaffectstheappearanceofthecity.

apply:①apply…to…把...應(yīng)用于Weshouldapplythetheorytopractice.

②applyto適用于Thiskindofbooksdoesn'tapplytochildren.③apply(tosb.)for***

向某從請(qǐng)求/申請(qǐng)...Whenyouhaveanyquestion,pleaseapplytomefbrhelp.

④appilicationn.

叩proach:v.靠近，接近.與….打交道(about);著手處理

n.靠近，接近(of);通道，入口(⑹;方法(to)

argue:爭(zhēng)吵，爭(zhēng)辯.著重就自己的看法或立場(chǎng)提出論證和別從辯論;而quarrel:爭(zhēng)吵，吵架.表示因不

同意或不喜歡而產(chǎn)生的強(qiáng)烈的爭(zhēng)論或爭(zhēng)吵;debate:辯論,爭(zhēng)論.argument:n.

①argueaboutsth.爭(zhēng)吵(關(guān)于...)②arguewithsb.同...爭(zhēng)吵③argue

for/against…贊成/反對(duì)...④arguewithab.about/oversth.與某從爭(zhēng)論某事，為....

與某人爭(zhēng)吵⑤argueab.Intodoingsth.?persuadesb.intodoing….說(shuō)服某人

做….二persuadesb.todosth.⑥arguesth.對(duì)某事爭(zhēng)論⑦arguethat-clause:

主張，認(rèn)為……

arrange:vt/vi.安排，籌劃.arrangesth.Forsb.為…安排,,,.；arrangewithsb.about/for…與?一商定

某事.arrangetodosth安排做…「arrangethat+句子.

arrive:①vi.到達(dá)arriveat/in(大地方用in,小地方用at)…二getto(接home,here,there,省

to)=reac(常指努力到達(dá))②得出arriveat/cometoaconclusion/decision得出

結(jié)論，做出決定.③arrivaln.到達(dá),來(lái)到.

as:①conj.像...一樣,表比較as…as…，notso…as…修飾形容詞可單時(shí)，形容詞提到冠詞前,

這點(diǎn)和that,how,too等一樣;但like是介詞.

Hedoeshisworkashisfatherdoes(likehisfather).

HeisasMary.

A.asgoodastudentB.sogoodastudentC.toogoodastudentD.asagood

student(A)

②表方式，“按照，如同"YoumusttoeverythingasItellyou.

③表時(shí)間,“當(dāng)...時(shí)"，“隨著"，和When,while的區(qū)別:while:當(dāng)....時(shí)，和....同

時(shí)(謂語(yǔ)噗延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞)，而(并列連詞)，雖然(從屬連詞"although);when:當(dāng)……時(shí)表

“突然”.

as(hewas)ayoungman,hejoinedthearmy.Astimegoeson,Ilovehermoreandmore.

④表原因，與because,since,nowthat,for,的區(qū)別:as表直接原因,because表真正原因,since

和nowthat表明顯的已成事實(shí)的原因，for表推斷，

⑤表讓步，“雖然，盡管”和though,although的區(qū)另I」(略)

⑥關(guān)系代詞,thesame(...)as...,such(...)as...,as...as...,asiswellknowntousall,asweexpect.

Myhometownisnolongerthesameasitwas.

Asisknowntousallmchinaisalargecountrywithalonghistory.

⑦soasto.../so...asto...以至于Heraisedhisvoicesoastobeheard.so/asfaras

遠(yuǎn)到，就……而論，據(jù)..…所知,asfor至于(=asto),就方面說(shuō);asusual像平常一樣;

asitis/was事實(shí)上，既然如此；asitwere乎可以說(shuō)是.

Asitis,wecanhardlygettothestationby6o'clock.

Thebookgives,asitwere,apoctureoftheeviloldsociety.

?.assoonas=immediately/themiment/theminute/directly/instantly+句子..就...，當(dāng)...時(shí)

?.as/solongas=onconditionthat只要，asthough=asif好像；asmanyas+(句子或可復(fù)或和…

樣多,多達(dá);asmuchas+(句子，不可數(shù)，重量，價(jià)格，數(shù)量等)；aslongas長(zhǎng)達(dá)；asfaras遠(yuǎn)到，

就……而論.

Hehasstayedhereasmanyastenyearsandearnedasmuchastenthousandpounds.

⑩aswellas也，又，還有

HeknowsEnglishaswell.HeaswellasIisgoingtoBeijingnextmonth.

(ID...is+倍數(shù)/分?jǐn)?shù)+as+adj./adv.+as...=...is+倍數(shù)/分?jǐn)?shù)+比較級(jí)+than…=…is+倍數(shù)/分?jǐn)?shù)

(double./twice兩倍)+thesize/length/depth/widthof...

Thisrailwayisdoublethelengthofthatone=...ostwotimesaslongas...=isoncelongerthan...

ashamed:adj.慚愧，害臊be/feelashamedtodosth.=be/feelashamedofdoingsth.對(duì)做某事感到慚

愧,be/feelashamedforsb.替某人感到慚愧，be/feelashamedthat+句子,beashamedof

oneself為自己感到害臊

IfeelashamedofnothavingdonemuchforthepeoplelikeLeiFeng,

ask:?asksb.aquestion問(wèn)某人問(wèn)題asksb.(not)todo…叫某人不做...,ask/inritesb.

toameeting請(qǐng)某人到會(huì).

②asksb.forsth.向某人要某物(求某事)=asks

Youshouldaskyourparentsforpermissionatfirst.

③askafavorofsb.要求某人幫忙

④askafter…問(wèn)候，探問(wèn)Weshouldoftenaskafterourparents,health.

⑤askfor…要求，求同Theboy'smotheraskedforhisheadteacherabouthisstudies

astonish:vt.使驚訝(surprise<amaze〈astonishVshock)它們的用法結(jié)構(gòu)一樣,besurprisedatsth,

對(duì).…感到吃驚,besurprisedtodosth,因做…感到吃驚.(surprising,surprised區(qū)別)

attempt:

attend:①出席，參加(=bepresentat),照料(carefor=lookafter=takecareof),上(學(xué))=goto

Thenurseattendedthepatientpatiently.

②attendto專心于，致力于Thestudentattendstohosstudieseveryday.

③attentionn.payattentionto(doing)sth.注意..，draw/attractone'sattention弓I起某人

的注意.holdone'sattentionon將注意力集中于...

attract:v.吸引,attract/drawone'sattention.吸引某人的注意.attractiveadj.=striking.吸引人的

average:adj./n.平均(的)on(the/an)average平均來(lái)說(shuō)；above/below(the)average平均水

平以上/以下.Theiraverageageis20

avoid:v.避免，躲開，逃避.avoidsth/doingsth.避免(做)…

awake:awoke-awoke/awaked:①醒的，清醒的,警覺的，意識(shí)到的作后置定語(yǔ)或表語(yǔ)，beaeake

醒著的isheasleeporawake?Beawaketo…意識(shí)到…=awaketo=realize=beaware

of...

②vi./vt喚醒,醒來(lái)二wakeup,但awake可指“使覺醒，覺醒，意識(shí)到“=awaken表抽象意

義.Thenationalspiritisawaken.Hedidn'tawaketothedanger.

aware:adj.意識(shí)到的beawareof知道，意識(shí)到二代2以?;beawarethat/wh.

away:goaway走開；runaway跑開；breakawayfrom脫離..破除...；throwaway扔掉;

blowaway刮走；clearaway把...清除掉；driveaway開走；getawayfrom離開

某地,逃離；washaway沖走；sendaway趕走,開除；takeaway帶走；putaway收好,

儲(chǔ)存；turnaway離開，把...打發(fā)走；keepawayfrom遠(yuǎn)離；giveaway捐贈(zèng).

Hismotherhadthoughtitwouldbegoodforhischaracterto____fromhomeandearnsome

moneyonhisown.

A.runawayB.takeawayC.keepawayD.getaway(D)

B

back:①adj.后面的；n,背部,背后;adv.回原處，向后；v.(使)侄ij退

Thedriverbackedhiscaralittle.backandforth=toandfrom來(lái)來(lái)往往，前后

Inspringwecanseebirdsflyingbackandforth.

②atthebackof…在……的后面(范圍內(nèi)外都可)，而infrontof…在……前面(范圍外),

inthefrontof…(范圍內(nèi));attheheadof在...的前頭；

③back不能與return,repay等連用.return=comeback,

bad:①壞的,腐爛的，不正確的,嚴(yán)重的gofrombadtoworse愈來(lái)愈糟,haveabad/hardtime日

子艱難,bebad/poorat........成績(jī)不好,bebadfor...=beharmfulfor對(duì)....有害,catcha

badcold重感冒feelbad感到不舒服,gobad開始變壞

②badly:adv.壞地，惡劣地,嚴(yán)重地，(=seriously),非常(=very/extremely/highly)

Iwantthenewpenbadly.

bargain:①bargainwithsb.about/over/forsth.與某人討價(jià)還價(jià)買...=makeabargainwithsb.

oversth.

②(經(jīng)過(guò)討價(jià)還價(jià)以后)成交的商品,便宜貨abargain.

base:①n.基礎(chǔ)，基地，根據(jù)地anairbase空軍基地，makeLondonthebaseforhiswork.

②vt.基于，以為根據(jù)(base…on/upon…；bebasedon…)，但basedon…以…為基礎(chǔ)，根

據(jù)…二accordingto=dependingon=relyingon,常用來(lái)作狀語(yǔ)或定語(yǔ).Onthebaseof…以…為

基礎(chǔ).

Scientifictheoriesmustbebasedonfacts.

Thefilmwasmadeonatruelovestory.(B)

A.tobebasedB.basedC.basingD.base

③basic:基本的，基礎(chǔ)的；formedthebasisfor...形成了...的基礎(chǔ).basis:n.基礎(chǔ)，通常表比

喻用法.

beat:（心臟）跳動(dòng)，打?。ǘefeat）人或隊(duì)伍，敲打（連續(xù)擊打）;hie:重?fù)簦ㄒ淮涡裕u擊（=strike）;獲勝

（比賽，辯論，戰(zhàn)斗，獎(jiǎng)牌等）;attack進(jìn)攻vt/n.

Ourteambeattheirsandwonthematch..

Astormthecityamdcausedmanydeaths.A.hitB.strikeC.beatD.attacked（A）

because:①連詞,接句子

Ourteachergotangrybecause.

A.whatIdidB.thatIwaslateC.ofwhatIsaid（C）

②becauseof:=asaresultof...=onaccountof...=asaconsequenceof…復(fù)合介詞,接名詞，代

詞、動(dòng)名詞\what從句等構(gòu)成介詞短語(yǔ),作狀語(yǔ).但一般不能作表語(yǔ)

Theaccidentwasbecauseofhiscarelessness（X）.

thanksto一般可和becauseof換，但表“幸虧，多虧:等感激時(shí)不能用becauseof,不好的事

不用thanksto.

Becauseoftheaccident,helosthistwolegs.（J）

Owingto中owing是形容詞，因此可作表語(yǔ).意思是“由于，應(yīng)歸功于…”

Mary'sbreakingawayfromherfamilywasowingtoherfather'scruelty.

dueto中的due是形容詞，可作表語(yǔ)'定語(yǔ)和狀語(yǔ).另外，bedueto還有“應(yīng)歸于...，應(yīng)付

給...按計(jì)劃做…”,dueto:由…引起,由于七becauseof

I'mduetograduateinthenexthalfoftheyear.

A.amabouttoB.amduetoC.amowingto

Thewagesduetohimwillbepaidtomorrow.

A.becoweofB.duetoC.belougstoD.onallountof

before①：prep./adv./conj.以前，在...以前，與ago不同;在....前面表時(shí)間，地點(diǎn)（二infrontof）只

表地點(diǎn)longbefore很久以前，beforelone=verysoon不久以后。

②Itwillbe+一段時(shí)間+before+一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)/itwas+一段時(shí)間+before+一般過(guò)去時(shí)“多久

以后就……”

Itwillbetwomothsbeforewemeetagain.兩周后人們才會(huì)再見面。

ItwasnotlongbeforeIsawheragain.不久以后我又見到了她。

Hewillbebackbefore7:00thisevening.

shewillbebackhomeforherglasses.A.itislongbeforethatB.itwillbelong

beforeC.itwon'tbelongbeforeD.itisbeforelongthat（D）

begin:開始，beginwith…以后...開始。inthebeginning起初，當(dāng)初；Atthebeginningof...

在……之初。

believe:相信，認(rèn)為（指相信某人的話二havefaithin…但havefaithin還有"信仰”之意.）;believe

in=trustin相信某人（人格，能力等）,信奉;trustsb.相信（某人的能力）,believe+句子

belong:vi.屬于（無(wú)進(jìn)行時(shí)和被動(dòng)），belongtosb.

Thependoesn'tbelongto___.A.meB.mine（A）

Chinaisacountrybelongingtothethirdworld,

benefit:①vt.benefitsb.對(duì)...有益，有益于②benefitfrom...從中得益③n.利益

=goods=interests

ThepeopleinJinTanghavebenefitedfromChengduWildlifeWorld.=ChengduWildlife

WorldhasbenefitedthepeopleinJinTang.

besides:①”除...之外（還有....）”=aswellas=inadditionto,除去的內(nèi)容包括在整體之內(nèi)；

except:“除...之外（不再有）”，除去的內(nèi)容不包含在整體之內(nèi)，不位于句首；exceptfor:除

去的內(nèi)容與整體不同類；except+that/what等引導(dǎo)的句子；apartfrom:相當(dāng)于but,except

和exceptfor,但apartfrom不接句子和不定式;but=except,但but后可接不定式（but前有

do或choose的形式省to,有help可省可不省to,否則不省to）,except后可接句子,這時(shí)不

能和其它幾個(gè)轉(zhuǎn)換,butfor”要不是……”，用于虛擬語(yǔ)氣中.

doyouknowanyotherforeignlanguagebesidesEnglish?

Thisisagoodcompositionexceptforsomemistakes.

Heisagoodstudentexceptthatsometimeshecomeslatetoschool.

Butforyourhelp,Icouldn'thavepassedtheexam.

Wehadnochoicebuttowaitforher.

Hecoulddonothingformebutgivemealittlemoney.

Hecouldnotchooseanythingbut.

A.waitB.towaitC.waiting（A）

②adv.而且,另外二andanotherthing=inaddition=moreover作插入語(yǔ)，常用“「分開.

Besides,weshouldpracticeEnglisheveryday.

beyond:prep.在…的那一邊，超過(guò)（時(shí)間，地點(diǎn)，程度）beyondone^

understanding/power/dream/imagination/reach/hope

Thequestionisbeyondmyunderstanding.

bit:①abit=alittle+adj./adv.一點(diǎn)，一些Ifeelalittletirednow.但abitof=alittle+不可數(shù)名詞,

notabit=notatall毫不；notalittle=verymuch常

Aren'tyoutirednow?--___.Notalittle.A.YesB.No（A）注意像這種否定疑

問(wèn)句，還有否定轉(zhuǎn)移句和前否后肯的反意句均要根據(jù)實(shí)際情況選擇yes/no.

blame:vt./n.責(zé)備，責(zé)怪blamesth.on/uponsb.=blamesb.forsth.=lay/puttheblameOn/uponsb.

forsth.把....歸咎于其人，因....而責(zé)備某人。beblamedfor（doing）sth.=betoblame

for...Whoistoblameforbreakingthewindow.（=Whowillbeblamed...）

區(qū)別：scoldv./n責(zé)罵，怒罵，訓(xùn)斥scoldsb.forsth;punishv.懲罰，痛擊punishsb.

forsth.criticize:v.批評(píng)，批判，評(píng)論,criticizesb.forsth,;remark:評(píng)論,談?wù)?remark

onsth.,remarkabout/atsb,;

book:bookaticket（room,hotel,seat）,booksb.onsth.為某人訂...;order:訂購(gòu)，定做....，點(diǎn)（菜,

飯,飲料,票）;reserve預(yù)定（座位，房間等）

bore:使某人厭煩。boresb;boresb.todeath;beboredwith=betiredof=befedupwith…厭

倦....;bored:厭煩的;boring:令人厭煩的。

borrow:借進(jìn),borrowsthfrom...;lend:借出lendsth.tosb.=lendsb.sth;borrow和lend都是終止

性動(dòng)詞，延續(xù)性用keep.HowlongcanIyourbook?A.keepB.borrowC.lend（A）

both:adj./pron.兩者都，用在否定句中和all,everyon等表部分否定。both...and...,反義用

neither...nor...;all:多者都,allofthestudents=allthestudentsWallstudents,反義用

noneof…；everyakj.每個(gè)，多者中的每個(gè)；each:akj./pron.每個(gè),兩個(gè)或多個(gè)中的每個(gè);

either:adj./pron.兩個(gè)中的任何一個(gè)；any:adj./pron.多個(gè)中的任何一個(gè)。

____apairofnewshoes.A.WeeachhasB.EachofushaveC.Weeachhave（C

break:①vt.打破，打碎，打斷，違反，breakanagreement/appointment,breakthelaw/glass

②vi./n.（天）破曉，破產(chǎn)（工作，課間）休息。haveabreak

③breakawayfrom...脫身，擺脫，脫離，放棄；breakdown:vt./vi打破，破除，坍塌，

拋錨，（計(jì)劃）不成功不身體）垮,分解,拆散（機(jī)器）；breakin闖入，打斷（on/upon...）,

don'tbreakinontheirconversation.Breakinto…闖入,突然...起來(lái)，break/burstinto

tears/laughter=burstoutcrying/laughing;breakintopiece(使)成碎片；breakoff:突然停止,

解除；breakoutvi.爆發(fā)；breakthrough:突圍,沖破；breakup:瓦解，驅(qū)散，分散,(學(xué)校)放假;

break(up)with與斷交,戒掉。

Ifhecontinuestoworklikethis,soonerorlaterhewill.

A.breakoffB.breakdownC.breakoutD.breakup(B)

breakthroughn.突破，沖破防線；突破性的發(fā)現(xiàn)，成就madeagreatbreakthroughin…在...

取得突破。

bring:①帶來(lái)，對(duì)說(shuō)話者而言；take帶走；get=fetch去拿來(lái),carry遠(yuǎn)走(指教重的東西，無(wú)

方向)dcarryon(with)=goonwith二continue(with)...繼續(xù)...。

②bringin引進(jìn)，吸收；bringabout=cause/