高考英語總復(fù)習(xí)-專題十三-特殊句式-市賽課公開課一等獎省課獲獎?wù)n件

專題十三特殊句式1/29-2-考點一考點二一二三四五六一、倒裝1.表示時間、地點、方位和動作轉(zhuǎn)移副詞,如:there,here,now,then,up,down,out,in,away位于句首,句子謂語是go,come,run等不及物動詞,可將謂語全部置于主語之前。但主語是人稱代詞時,不倒裝。Thereremains

the

possibilitythatmistakeshavebeenmade.依然有已經(jīng)犯錯可能。(·天津)Thencame

the

final

awards

ceremonyattheendoftheyear.然后年底最終頒獎儀式隨之而來。2/29-3-考點一考點二一二三四五六2.當(dāng)句首狀語為表示地點介詞短語時,也常慣用全部倒裝。(·全國乙)Inthisboxaresomestemcellsthatareurgentlyneededforapatient.盒子里裝是病人急需干細(xì)胞。3.such做表語置于句首時,也常慣用全部倒裝。Suchwas

Einstein,asimplemanbutagreatscientist.這就是愛因斯坦,一位樸實而又偉大科學(xué)家。3/29-4-考點一考點二一二三四五六4.表語置于句首時,倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)為“表語+連系動詞+主語”。(1)形容詞+連系動詞+主語Presentatthemeetingwere

some

experts.到會是一些教授。(2)過去分詞+連系動詞+主語Gone

are

the

dayswhenwewalkedtowork.我們步行上班時代一去不復(fù)返了。(3)介詞短語+連系動詞+主語Amongthegoodsare

flowers,candles

and

toys.貨物中有花、蠟燭和玩具。4/29-5-考點一考點二一二三四五六1.句子以never,seldom,rarely,little,hardly,scarcely等表示否定意義副詞以及bynomeans,notuntil,notonly,notaword,notasingle,onnocondition,innocase等表示否定意義詞組開頭,要用部分倒裝語序。Never

will

he

comebacktothefactory.他永遠也不會回到這家工廠了。(·綱領(lǐng)全國)Not

only

do

the

nurses

wantapayincrease,theywantreducedhoursaswell.護士們不但想要增加酬勞,她們也想要降低工作時間。2.當(dāng)句子用so,nor,neither開頭,說明前面一句話中情況也適合用于另外一些人或物時,主語和謂語部分倒裝。TomlikesEnglish,andso

do

I.湯姆喜歡英語,我也喜歡英語。5/29-6-考點一考點二一二三四五六3.在so/such...that引導(dǎo)結(jié)果狀語從句中,為了強調(diào),把so/such提到句首時,主謂要倒裝。So

moved

was

shethatshecouldnotsayaword.她感動得一句話都說不出來。So

fast

does

he

runthatheisfaraheadofothers.他跑得那么快以至于遠遠超出了其它人。4.as/though引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句時句子要用倒裝語序,即要將從句中表語、狀語或從句中動詞提到as/though前面。在as/though引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句中,做表語單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞前不用加任何冠詞。Child

as

he

is,heknowsalot.盡管他是個孩子,但他知道很多。6/29-7-考點一考點二一二三四五六5.在省略if虛擬條件句中,were,had或should要提到句首組成倒裝。Had

you

comeafewminutesearlier,youwouldhaveseenhim.假如你早來幾分鐘,你就能看見他了。6.當(dāng)only所修飾副詞、介詞短語或狀語從句位于句首時,采取部分倒裝形式。要注意“only+主語”用在句首時不倒裝。(·全國甲)Only

afterayearoffriendlydiscussiondidMsGarzafinallysayyes.直到經(jīng)過一年友好協(xié)商后,Garza夫人才最終同意了。Only

you

can

helpme.只有你能幫助我。7/29-8-考點一考點二一二三四五六7.用于一些表示祝福句子。May

you

succeed!祝你成功!8.neither...nor...連接兩個并列分句時,這兩個分句都要用倒裝形式。Neither

do

I

knowit,nor

do

I

careaboutit.我既不知道這件事,也不關(guān)心這件事。8/29-9-一二三四五六考點一考點二二、省略1.單獨使用不定式符號to代替不定式后被省略動詞,慣用在beafraid,expect,forget,hope,intend,like,love,mean,prefer,refuse,try,want,wish等詞后;或放在表情緒詞后,代替被省略動詞,常見詞有g(shù)lad,happy,pleased等;不過,假如不定式中含有be,have,havebeen,則不應(yīng)省略。(·課標(biāo)全國Ⅰ)Thedriverwantedtoparkhiscarneartheroadsidebutwasaskedbythepolicenot

to.那個司機想在路邊停車,不過警察不讓(他停在那兒)。9/29-10-一二三四五六考點一考點二Heisnotalawyernow,butheused

to

be.他現(xiàn)在已不是律師了,但他曾經(jīng)是。Yourworkhasn’tbeenhandedin,butitoughtto

have

been.你作業(yè)還沒交,但早該上交了。10/29-11-一二三四五六考點一考點二2.感官動詞或使役動詞(feel,notice,see,hear,let,make,have等)后接不定式做賓語補足語時常省略to。Iheardmyfathersinginthekitchen.我聽見父親在廚房里唱歌。3.在由and或or連接并列不定式結(jié)構(gòu)中常省略后面to。Iwanttofinishmyhomeworkandgohome.我想完成作業(yè)然后回家。4.在donothingbut,can’thelpbut,whynot,wouldrather...than...,hadbetter等句型中省略to。Thelittleboycoulddonothingbut

cry.小男孩只能哭,別無他法。11/29-12-一二三四五六考點一考點二1.在由when,while,if,asif,although/though,as,until,once,whether,when,where等引導(dǎo)狀語從句中,當(dāng)狀語從句主語和主句主語一致且從句謂語含有be時,可省略狀語從句主語和be。(·四川改編)As

shownhere,Laineycanbecomeexcitedaboutreadingwhenpresentedwithliteratureontopicsthatinteresther.當(dāng)他人贈予Lainey令她感興趣文學(xué)作品時,她會因閱讀而興奮起來。12/29-13-一二三四五六考點一考點二2.當(dāng)從句主語是it,謂語動詞是be動詞時,能夠把it和be一起省略。此時組成“連詞+形容詞”結(jié)構(gòu)。Though(it

was)cold,hestillworeashirt.盡管天冷,但他依然穿著一件襯衣。(·10浙江)If

successful,theelectricbicyclemealprogrammewillbespreadtoallCrownePlazahotelsintheUK.假如成功了,騎單車發(fā)電計劃將普及到英國全部皇冠假日酒店。3.在ifso/not省略句式中,用so/not代替上文內(nèi)容。Getupearlytomorrow.If

not(=Ifyoudon’tgetupearlytomorrow),youwillmisstheearlybus.明天早點起床,不然話,你就會錯過早班車。13/29-14-一二三四五六考點一考點二考點三三、強調(diào)強調(diào)句基本組成為:Itis/was+被強調(diào)部分+who/that+其它成份。被強調(diào)部分指人時,可用who或that;被強調(diào)部分指物時,用that。如:(·北京)“It’stheoceanthatmakesRockawaysospecial.”shesays.她說:“正是大海使得Rockaway如此尤其?！盜t

washisbestsuitthatJohnworetothedancelastnight.約翰昨晚穿著他最好一套衣服去參加舞會。14/29-15-一二三四五六考點一考點二考點三強調(diào)句普通疑問句形式為

“Is/Wasit+被強調(diào)部分+that/who+其它成份”;特殊疑問句形式為“特殊疑問詞+is/wasit+that/who+其它成份”。Was

itinhighschoolthatyoubeganplayingbasketball?你是不是在高中時候開始打籃球?Where

was

it

thatyouputyourmobilephoneaftercomingback?你回來之后把手機放在什么地方了?15/29-16-一二三四五六考點一考點二考點三not...until...結(jié)構(gòu)中狀語成份在強調(diào)句型中被強調(diào)時,not與until要放在一起。(·重慶)Bachdiedin1750,butit

was

not

untiltheearly19thcenturythathismusicalgiftwasfullyrecognized.巴赫于1750年逝世,但直到19世紀(jì)早期他音樂才華才受到普遍認(rèn)可。It

was

not

untilheremovedhissunglassesthatIrecognizedhim.直到他把太陽鏡摘下來我才將其認(rèn)了出來。16/29-17-一二三四五六考點一考點二四、反意疑問句1.當(dāng)陳說部分帶有賓語從句時,反意疑問部分主語與謂語常和主句保持一致。Hesaidthattheywouldcometomybirthdayparty,didn’t

he?他說他們要來參加我生日聚會,是嗎?2.當(dāng)陳說部分主句謂語動詞是think,believe,suppose,guess,expect,imagine,且主句主語為第一人稱時,反意疑問部分主語和謂語與賓語從句主語和謂語保持一致;當(dāng)陳說部分主句主語為第二、三人稱時,后面疑問部分主語和謂語與主句主語和謂語保持一致。Theydon’tbelievehewillsucceed,do

they?他們不相信他會成功,是嗎?17/29-18-一二三四五六考點一考點二當(dāng)陳說部分帶有seldom,hardly,scarcely,never,few,little,nothing,nobody等否定詞時,反意疑問部分用必定形式。但帶有表示否定意義前綴組成詞時,其反意疑問部分用否定形式。HecouldhardlyspeakEnglish,could

he?他幾乎不會說英語,是嗎?Hedislikesplayingthepiano,doesn’t

he?他不喜歡彈鋼琴,是嗎?18/29-19-一二三四五六五、祈使句1.祈使句+and+簡單句表示“假如……就……”DothatagainandI’llcallapoliceman.你再那樣做我就要叫警察了。2.祈使句+or+簡單句表示“……不然……”Putitdown,orI’llsmackyou.把它放下來,不然我會揍你。注意:有時名詞短語能夠看作是祈使句。A

few

more

minutes

andIwillfinishthework.再給我?guī)追昼娢揖蜁瓿蛇@項工作。19/29-20-一二三四五六六、感嘆句1.Whata(n)+adj.+單數(shù)名詞+主語+謂語!Whataninterestingstoryitis!多么有趣故事啊!Whatahappydayitis!多么高興一天啊!2.What+形容詞+復(fù)數(shù)名詞+主語+謂語!Whatbeautifulbutterfliestheyare!多么漂亮蝴蝶啊!20/29-21-一二三四五六3.How+形容詞+a(n)+單數(shù)名詞+主語+謂語!Howtallaboyheis!這個男孩真高啊!4.How+形容詞/副詞+主語+謂語!Howwellsheplays!她演奏得多好啊!21/29-22-ⅠⅡⅠ.依據(jù)語境和括號內(nèi)提醒完成句子1.(·浙江改編)AndthencamethelessonI’vetakenwithmethroughmylife.2.(·天津改編)Youarewaitingatawrongplace.Itisatthehotelthatthecoachpicksuptourists.解析:從句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知,came組成了完全倒裝,空格處應(yīng)把then放于句首。解析:分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知,“the

coach

picks

up

tourists

at

the

hotel”是一個完整句子,而此處用了強調(diào)句“It

is/was...that...”,來強調(diào)地點“at

the

hotel”。故填that。22/29-23-ⅠⅡ3.(·浙江名校新高考訓(xùn)練)

Poor

as

(aspoor)itmaybe,thereisnoplacelikehome,whereveryoumaygo.

4.(·浙江名校新高考訓(xùn)練)—Howwastheteleviseddebatelastnight?—Super!Rarelydid

it

attract(it,attract)somuchmediaattention.

解析:當(dāng)as表示“盡管”,引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句時,從句需用倒裝結(jié)構(gòu),而且將被修飾部分提到as前。解析:從第二句可知,rarely是否定副詞,意為“極少”,位于句首時,其所在句子需用倒裝,而且上一句時間狀語為last

night,故用普通過去時。23/29-24-ⅠⅡ5.(·天津改編)IbegantolearnthiswhenIhadmycarcrashed(crash).6.(·全國甲)Iwasdelightedatthepresenceofsuchastudent.Herewas(be)anexceptionallycreativemindatwork.解析:此句中when引導(dǎo)時間狀語從句采取了特殊結(jié)構(gòu):have

sth.done“請某人做某事,某人遭碰到……”由此可知,my

car被“撞壞”了。故用過去分詞。解析:依據(jù)第二句結(jié)構(gòu)可知,句首以here開頭組成了完全倒裝句,而且從上一句時態(tài)可知,應(yīng)填was。24/29-25-ⅠⅡ7.(·江蘇改編)Itmighthavesavedmesometroublehad

I

known(Iknow)theschedule.

8.(·湖南改編)Alwayskeep(keep)inmindthatyourmaintaskistogetthiscompanyrunningsmoothly.解析:句意:假如我提前知道日程安排,會省去不少麻煩。依據(jù)might

have

saved可知,此題表示與過去事實相反假設(shè),所以從句用過去完成時。原句可變?yōu)?If

I

had

known

the

schedule,it

might

have

saved

me

some

trouble。解析:句意:一直記住你主要任務(wù)是使企業(yè)運轉(zhuǎn)順利。祈使句省略了第二人稱you,謂語動詞用原形。25/29-26-ⅠⅡ9.Don’tforget