廣西壯族自治區(qū)2023-2024學年高二下學期開學聯(lián)合檢測英語試題（解析版）

高級中學名校試卷PAGEPAGE1廣西壯族自治區(qū)2023-2024學年高二下學期開學聯(lián)合檢測英語試題第一部分聽力(略)第二部分閱讀(共兩節(jié)，滿分50分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出最佳選項。AWithover70%ofthecountryblanketedinforest,BhutanisrichinoutdooractivitiesandcharmingvillagesthatshowcaseadistinctiveculturefoundnowhereelseontheEarth.HereareourpicksforthebestplacestoaddtoyourBhutantravelinglist.ParoLessthan10minutesawayfromtheairport,thehistoricriversidetownofParoisknownfortheNationalMuseum,RinpungDzongandsymbolicTiger’sNestMonastery.WanderalongParo’sstreetsandtheParoWeekendMarkettoexploreshopsandstandsofferinghandmadesouvenirs.Whenyou’veworkedupanappetite,stepintoanyrestaurantforfresh,handmademomodumplings.ThimphuInBhutan’scapitalcity,spendthedaycreatingyourownstampsattheBhutanPostalMuseum,touringthemassiveThimphu’smuseumsandwatchingpolicemenmanuallydirecttraffic(therearenotrafficlightsintheentirecity).Whenthesunsetsbelowthemountains,enjoyyourselfatbarslikeGreyArea,apopularartbarwithlivemusicwhereyoucanshout“tashidelek!”,aXizang’sexpressionforgoodluckandhealth.PunakhaBelovedforriversidefarmswherecowseatamongriceandpepperfields,Punakhaishometowhatisitsmostbeautifultemple,whichsitsalongthePunakhaRiver.Punakha’slowaltitudemeansittendstobehotterandsunnierthannearbytownsanddistricts,whichmeansyou’llneedtotakeprecautionstoavoidsunburn.KhomaFashionloverscanexpecttovisitbehindthecurtaininBhutan’stextilecenter,Khoma.IntheeasterndistrictofLhuentse,thisvillageishometoroughly1,000residents—andfewcars.Khoma’sartisansspendtheirdaysweavingdelicatepatternsanddesignsontraditionalBhutaneselooms(織布機),creatingcolorsfromthearea’smineralsandplants.21.WhatisrecommendedforvisitorstravelinginThimphu?A.Actingasapoliceman. B.Enjoyingthenightlife.C.Purchasingancientstamps. D.Tryinghandmadedumplings.22.WhatshouldvisitorscarrywhiletravelinginPunakha?A.Food. B.Lifejackets. C.Sunblock. D.Warmingclothing.23.Whichattractionbestsuitstouristswhoareinterestedintraditionalcrafts?A.Paro. B.Thimphu. C.Punakha. D.Khoma.【答案】21.B22.C23.D【語篇解讀】這是一篇應用文。文章主要介紹了四個不丹的旅游目的地。【21題詳析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“Whenthesunsetsbelowthemountains,enjoyyourselfatbarslikeGreyArea,apopularartbarwithlivemusicwhereyoucanshout“tashidelek!”,aXizang’sexpressionforgoodluckandhealth.(當太陽落山時，你可以在GreyArea這樣的酒吧里盡情享受，這是一家很受歡迎的藝術酒吧，有現(xiàn)場音樂，你可以在那里大喊“tashidelek!”，這是西藏人對好運和健康的表達)”可知，建議在廷布旅游的游客享受夜生活。故選B。【22題詳析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段“Punakha’slowaltitudemeansittendstobehotterandsunnierthannearbytownsanddistricts,whichmeansyou’llneedtotakeprecautionstoavoidsunburn.(普納卡的低海拔意味著它往往比附近的城鎮(zhèn)和地區(qū)更熱、更陽光，這意味著你需要采取預防措施，避免曬傷)”可知，游客在普納卡旅行時應該攜帶防曬霜。故選C。【23題詳析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段“Khoma’sartisansspendtheirdaysweavingdelicatepatternsanddesignsontraditionalBhutaneselooms(織布機),creatingcolorsfromthearea’smineralsandplants.(科馬的工匠們每天都在不丹傳統(tǒng)的織布機上編織精美的圖案和圖案，用該地區(qū)的礦物和植物創(chuàng)造出色彩)”可知，Khoma最適合對傳統(tǒng)工藝感興趣的游客。故選D。BMs.McIntyre,38,workedasapublisher.Shesufferedbraincancerandherhealthgotworsedespitesomemedicaltreatment.Butsherealizedthatinaway,shewasluckierthansomeotherpeople.Shehadinsurancetohelppayforhermedicalcare.ButMs.McIntyreandherhusband,Mr.Gregory,knewthatmanypeoplewithcancerfacetoughdecisionsbecauseofthecostsofmedicalcareandwindupowingfarmorethantheycanpay.Thoughherhealthwasfailing,Ms.McIntyredecidedtohelppayoffthemedicaldebtsofasmanypeopleasshepossiblycould.ThecouplebegandonatingmoneytoagroupcalledRIPMedicalDebt,whichiscommittedtoworkingtopayofftheunpaidmedicaldebtsofothers.Thegroupcanpayoffmedicalbillsforabout100timeslessmoneythantheycost.Inotherwords,forevery100donated,thegroupcanpayoff10,000inunpaidmedicalbills.Unfortunately,Ms.McIntyrepassedawaybeforelong.Mr.GregorypostedamessageforMs.McIntyreonhersocialmediaaccounts.“Ifyou’rereadingthis,Ihavepassedaway,”thepostbegan.Thenthepostexplained,“Tocelebratemylife,I’vearrangedtobuyupothers’medicaldebtsandthendestroythedebts.”Thecouplehadsetupapageonawebsitetoraisemoneyforthispurpose.Theyhadhopedtoraiseabout$20,000.Nevertheless,Ms.McIntyre’slastpostattractedalotofattention.Thedonationsonherwebpagequicklypassedthetotalgoal.Inlessthanaweek,thesitehadraised10timesmorethanexpectedandthedonationsarestillcomingin.ByNovember22,2023,Ms.McIntyre’swebpagehadraisedover$627,000,orenoughmoneytopayoffabout$60millioninmedicaldebts.Mr.GregoryplannedaspecialeventinDecembertocelebrateMs.McIntyre’slifeandtoannouncehowmanymillionsofdollarsofmedicaldebtshereffortshadpaidfor.24.WhydidMs.McIntyrefeelluckierthansomeotherpeople?A.Thedoctorseventuallycuredher. B.Herdiseasedidn’tbecomeworse.C.Shehadadecentjobbeforebeingill. D.Shehadsecurityaboutmedicalcare.25.HowdidMs.McIntyreandherhusbandhelpothers?A.Bypayingfortheirdailydebts. B.Bygivingawaymoneytothem.C.Byriddingthemofdebtsfromtreatments. D.Bypurchasingmedicalinsuranceforthem.26.Whatisparagraph4mainlyabout?A.Thepublicinvolvement. B.Thecouple’scommitment.C.Theoperationofawebsite. D.Theincreaseofmedicaldebts.27.WhichofthefollowingwordscanbestdescribeMs.McIntyre?A.Humorousandelegant. B.Influentialandunderstanding.C.Cautiousandpromising. D.Enthusiasticandadaptable.【答案】24.D25.C26.A27.B【語篇解讀】這是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了38歲的麥金太爾和丈夫建立了名為RIP醫(yī)療債務的組織，來幫助那些無力支付醫(yī)療債務的人?！?4題詳析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“Butsherealizedthatinaway,shewasluckierthansomeotherpeople.Shehadinsurancetohelppayforhermedicalcare.(但她意識到，在某種程度上，她比其他一些人幸運。她有保險來支付醫(yī)療費用)”可知，麥金太爾覺得自己比其他人幸運因為她有醫(yī)療保障。故選D。【25題詳析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“Thoughherhealthwasfailing,Ms.McIntyredecidedtohelppayoffthemedicaldebtsofasmanypeopleasshepossiblycould.ThecouplebegandonatingmoneytoagroupcalledRIPMedicalDebt,whichiscommittedtoworkingtopayofftheunpaidmedicaldebtsofothers.(盡管她的健康狀況每況愈下，麥金太爾還是決定幫助盡可能多的人還清醫(yī)療債務。這對夫婦開始向一個名為RIP醫(yī)療債務的組織捐款，該組織致力于為他人償還未付的醫(yī)療債務)”可知，麥金太爾女士和她的丈夫通過償還他人的治療債務幫助別人。故選C?！?6題詳析】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第四段“Thecouplehadsetupapageonawebsitetoraisemoneyforthispurpose.Theyhadhopedtoraiseabout$20,000.Nevertheless,Ms.McIntyre’slastpostattractedalotofattention.Thedonationsonherwebpagequicklypassedthetotalgoal.Inlessthanaweek,thesitehadraised10timesmorethanexpectedandthedonationsarestillcomingin.ByNovember22,2023,Ms.McIntyre’swebpagehadraisedover$627,000,orenoughmoneytopayoffabout$60millioninmedicaldebts.(這對夫婦在一個網(wǎng)站上建立了一個頁面，為這個目的籌集資金。他們原本希望籌集到大約2萬美元。盡管如此，麥金太爾的最后一條帖子還是引起了很多關注。她的網(wǎng)頁上的捐款很快就超過了總目標。在不到一周的時間里，該網(wǎng)站籌集的資金是預期的10倍，捐款仍在不斷增加。到2023年11月22日，麥金太爾的網(wǎng)頁已經籌集了超過62.7萬美元，足以償還約6000萬美元的醫(yī)療債務)”可知，第四段的主要內容是公眾參與。故選A?！?7題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段“ButMs.McIntyreandherhusband,Mr.Gregory,knewthatmanypeoplewithcancerfacetoughdecisionsbecauseofthecostsofmedicalcareandwindupowingfarmorethantheycanpay.(但麥金太爾和她的丈夫格雷戈里知道，許多癌癥患者因為醫(yī)療費用而面臨艱難的決定，最終欠下的錢遠遠超過了他們的支付能力)”可知，麥金太爾女士能夠理解他人的處境，結合第四段“Nevertheless,Ms.McIntyre’slastpostattractedalotofattention.Thedonationsonherwebpagequicklypassedthetotalgoal.Inlessthanaweek,thesitehadraised10timesmorethanexpectedandthedonationsarestillcomingin.ByNovember22,2023,Ms.McIntyre’swebpagehadraisedover$627,000,orenoughmoneytopayoffabout$60millioninmedicaldebts.(盡管如此，麥金太爾的最后一條帖子還是引起了很多關注。她的網(wǎng)頁上的捐款很快就超過了總目標。在不到一周的時間里，該網(wǎng)站籌集的資金是預期的10倍，捐款仍在不斷增加。到2023年11月22日，麥金太爾的網(wǎng)頁已經籌集了超過62.7萬美元，足以償還約6000萬美元的醫(yī)療債務)”可知，麥金太爾女士很有影響力。故可推知，麥金太爾女士有影響力和理解他人。故選B。CCanyounameafamouselephant?Babar,perhaps?OrDumbo?Thoughthesenamesmaybememorabletohumans,theysoundnothinglikethenameselephantsgiveeachother.“Ifyou’reanelephant,yournameissomethingmorelikealow,rumblingsound(隆隆的聲音),”scientistssay.ResearchershavefoundthatAfricanelephantsemitsoundsinresponsetoindividualsintheirsocialgroup,andthereceiversrespondaccordingly.Researchersrecorded527elephantcallsinnorthernKenyaand98callsinsouthernKenya.Theythendistinguishedwhichmemberswereseparatedfromtheherdatthetimeofeachcall,orwhichmemberswereclosetotheherd.Researcherscorrectlyidentifiedthereceiversof20.3%ofthe625recordedcalls.Thismarksastepforwardinunderstandinghowthesehighlyintelligentanimalscommunicate.“There’sacontactrumble,ananti-predatorrumbleandagreetingrumble.Ifyoulookataspectrogram(聲譜圖)withyoureyes,theyalllookalmostexactlythesame,”saidCaitlinO’Connell-Rodwell,anelephantbiologistatHarvardMedicalSchool.“That’swhyartificialintelligence(AI)hasbeenexciting.Itallowsustoreallyfigureoutwhattheelephantsaresaying.”Asitturnedout,thecallsweredistincttothereceivers.Evencallsfromdifferentcallerstothesamereceiverweresimilar.Thepatternwaslessobviousthanitwasbetweenasinglecallerandhisorherreceiver.Thismaybebecauserumblesencodemultiplemessagesatthesametime,sotheAIsystemincomputermodelmaynothavebeenabletopickoutthe“name”usedineachcall.“Itjusthighlightsthecomplexityofwhat’sgoingon.Andwe’renotskilledenoughinthesemeasurementstofigureoutwhat’sgoingon,”saidCaitlin.However,theresearchshowshowelephantsarenavigatingthroughalargelandscapeandcanstillkeepintouchwithspecificindividuals.Itallowsthemtospreadoutmuchfurtherandstillhaveveryclosetabsonindividuals,notjustthegroup.28.Whatcanweinferfromparagraph1?A.Elephantsseemtohavetheirownnames.B.Elephants’soundsdifferfromotherspecies.C.Elephants’namessoundexactlylikehumans’.D.Elephants’namessounddifferentfromeachother.29.Howdidtheresearchersconducttheirstudy?A.Bygroupingtheelephantsbasedonintelligence.B.Byobservingtheelephants’reactionstothecalls.C.Byanalyzingtherelationshipwithintheelephants.D.Bycopyingtheelephants’voicetocalltheirnames.30.WhatisthefunctionofAIintheresearch?A.Simplifyingtheprocess. B.Creatingaspectrogram.C.Lettingoutvariousrumbles. D.Makingouteachrumble.31.Whatcanbethebesttitleforthetext?A.Howdoelephantscontacteachother? B.Whydoelephantsmaketheirvoice?C.Doelephantsnameoneanother? D.Doelephantsliketobecalled?【答案】28.A29.B30.D31.C【語篇解讀】這是一篇說明文。文章主要說明了研究發(fā)現(xiàn)非洲大象會發(fā)出聲音來回應它們社會群體中的個體，而接受者也會做出相應的反應。文章介紹了研究開展的經過以及這項研究顯示了大象是如何在廣闊的景觀中導航的，并且仍然可以與特定的個體保持聯(lián)系?！?8題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段““Ifyou’reanelephant,yournameissomethingmorelikealow,rumblingsound(隆隆的聲音),”scientistssay.ResearchershavefoundthatAfricanelephantsemitsoundsinresponsetoindividualsintheirsocialgroup,andthereceiversrespondaccordingly.(科學家說：“如果你是一頭大象，你的名字更像是一種低沉的隆隆聲?！毖芯咳藛T發(fā)現(xiàn)，非洲大象會發(fā)出聲音來回應它們社會群體中的個體，而接受者也會做出相應的反應)”可推知，大象似乎有自己的名字。故選A?！?9題詳析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“Researchersrecorded527elephantcallsinnorthernKenyaand98callsinsouthernKenya.Theythendistinguishedwhichmemberswereseparatedfromtheherdatthetimeofeachcall,orwhichmemberswereclosetotheherd.Researcherscorrectlyidentifiedthereceiversof20.3%ofthe625recordedcalls.(研究人員在肯尼亞北部記錄了527次大象的叫聲，在肯尼亞南部記錄了98次。然后，他們區(qū)分出在每次鳴叫時，哪些成員離開了鹿群，哪些成員離鹿群很近。在625個呼叫記錄中，研究人員正確識別了20.3%的接收者)”可知，研究人員通過觀察大象對叫聲的反應進行他們的研究。故選B。【30題詳析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段“Thismaybebecauserumblesencodemultiplemessagesatthesametime,sotheAIsystemincomputermodelmaynothavebeenabletopickoutthe“name”usedineachcall.(這可能是因為隆隆聲同時編碼了多個信息，所以計算機模型中的人工智能系統(tǒng)可能無法挑選出每個呼叫中使用的“名稱”)”可知，人工智能在研究中的作用是辨認每一次隆隆聲。故選D?！?1題詳析】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段“Canyounameafamouselephant?Babar,perhaps?OrDumbo?Thoughthesenamesmaybememorabletohumans,theysoundnothinglikethenameselephantsgiveeachother.(你能說出一頭著名的大象的名字嗎？可能是巴巴？還是丹波？雖然這些名字對人類來說可能很難忘，但它們聽起來一點也不像大象給彼此起的名字)”結合文章主要說明了研究發(fā)現(xiàn)非洲大象會發(fā)出聲音來回應它們社會群體中的個體，而接受者也會做出相應的反應。文章介紹了研究開展的經過以及這項研究顯示了大象是如何在廣闊的景觀中導航的，并且仍然可以與特定的個體保持聯(lián)系?？芍?，C選項“大象會互相命名嗎？”最符合文章標題。故選C。DAsasayinggoes,you’reonlyasoldasyoufeel,butwhatifdifferentpartsofyourbodyagedatdifferentspeeds?Itturnsouttheydo.Thestudyabouttheageofourbodiesshowsthatdifferenttissuesinsideusareeffectivelydifferentages.In2012,ProfessorSteveHorvathattheUniversityofCalifornia,LosAngeles,lookedatsomethingnew—DNAmethylation(甲基化),anaturallyoccurringprocessinwhichDNAischemicallychangedovertime.HorvathanalyzedtheDNAin8,000tissuesamplesfromdifferentpartsofthebodyindifferentpeopletostudythesemarkers.Whathefoundwasstriking—theamountofmethylationincellsfrommostpartsofthebodywasagoodpredictoroftheperson’sage.Buttherewereinconsistencies.Breasttissue,forinstance,agesrapidly,whereasmuscleagesslowly.Theratesofageingarealsodifferentinmenandwomen.“Therearemanymedicalimplications,fromcancertoprematureageingdiseases,”saysHorvath.Ithasalreadybeenestablishedthattissuethatlookssignificantlyoldercouldbecancerous.Horvath’sstudyfoundthatcanceroustissuehasabiologicalageonaverage36yearsolderthanasubject’sactualage.Couldthisknowledgehelpuslivelonger?“Ifthemarkersrelatetoaprocessthatcausesageing,thenitwouldbetheoreticallypossibletoslowdownageingbycarefullytargetingDNAmethylation,”saysHorvath.Butbeforescientistsgottoworkondealingwithmethylation,theyfirstneededtoestablishwhetherthesechangeswerethecauseofageingorjustabyproductofanotherprocess.Now,a2023studyfromtheUniversityofMichiganhasbackedupProfessorHorvath’sfindings,whichmeanstheycansafelymakefurtherstudiesofmethylation.“OurmainaimwastoseewhetherbiologicalageaccelerationmeasuredfromDNAmethylationwaspredictiveofhealthoutcomesanddeath,”saidresearchassociateprofessorJessicaFaul.“Itturnedoutthatitislargelythecase.YoucanusecertainDNAmethylationmarkerstopredictageandage-relatedoutcomesquitewell.”32.Whatisthepurposeofthefirstparagraph?A.Toleadinthetopicofthetext. B.Tosummarizethewholetext.C.Tooffersuggestionstoreaders. D.Tostimulatereaderstoimagine.33.WhatdoweknowaboutHorvath’sdiscoveryaboutmethylation?A.Ithelpspeoplelivemuchlonger. B.Itdoesn’talwayspredictone’sage.C.Itexistsinsomepartsofone’sbody. D.Itcausesthedifferentratesofageing.34.Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase“backedup”inparagraph3mostprobablymean?A.Consulted. B.Contradicted. C.Approved. D.Predicted.35.HowdoesJessicaFaulfindDNAmethylationasapredictorofhealth?A.Avoidable. B.Unrealistic. C.Risky. D.Potential.【答案】32.A33.B34.C35.D【語篇解讀】這是一篇說明文。文章主要說明了最新研究發(fā)現(xiàn)DNA甲基化可以幫助我們預測一個人的年齡，文章解釋了研究開展的經過以及人們對此的看法。【32題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段“Asasayinggoes,you’reonlyasoldasyoufeel,butwhatifdifferentpartsofyourbodyagedatdifferentspeeds?Itturnsouttheydo.Thestudyabouttheageofourbodiesshowsthatdifferenttissuesinsideusareeffectivelydifferentages.In2012,ProfessorSteveHorvathattheUniversityofCalifornia,LosAngeles,lookedatsomethingnew—DNAmethylation(甲基化),anaturallyoccurringprocessinwhichDNAischemicallychangedovertime.(俗話說，你的年齡取決于你的感覺，但如果你身體的不同部位以不同的速度衰老呢？事實證明確實如此。關于我們身體年齡的研究表明，我們體內不同的組織實際上代表著不同的年齡。2012年，加州大學洛杉磯分校的史蒂夫·霍瓦特教授研究了一些新的現(xiàn)象——DNA甲基化，這是一種自然發(fā)生的過程，DNA隨著時間的推移發(fā)生化學變化)”可知，第一段的目的是引出文章主題。故選A?！?3題詳析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“Buttherewereinconsistencies.Breasttissue,forinstance,agesrapidly,whereasmuscleagesslowly.Theratesofageingarealsodifferentinmenandwomen.(但也有不一致之處。例如，乳房組織衰老得很快，而肌肉衰老得很慢。男性和女性的老齡化速度也不同)”可知，霍瓦特關于甲基化的發(fā)現(xiàn)并不總是能預測一個人的年齡。故選B?！?4題詳析】詞句猜測題。根據(jù)劃線詞后文“whichmeanstheycansafelymakefurtherstudiesofmethylation”可知，現(xiàn)在，密歇根大學2023年的一項研究意味著他們可以安全地對甲基化進行進一步的研究，說明這項研究支持了霍瓦特教授的發(fā)現(xiàn)，故劃線詞意思是“支持”。故選C?！?5題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段““OurmainaimwastoseewhetherbiologicalageaccelerationmeasuredfromDNAmethylationwaspredictiveofhealthoutcomesanddeath,”saidresearchassociateprofessorJessicaFaul.“Itturnedoutthatitislargelythecase.YoucanusecertainDNAmethylationmarkerstopredictageandage-relatedoutcomesquitewell.”(研究副教授杰西卡·福爾說：“我們的主要目的是看看通過DNA甲基化測量的生物年齡加速是否能預測健康狀況和死亡?！薄笆聦嵶C明，情況基本上是這樣的。你可以使用某些DNA甲基化標記來很好地預測年齡和與年齡相關的結果?！?”可知，杰西卡·福爾認為DNA甲基化作為健康的一個預測因素是很有潛力的。故選D。第二節(jié)(共5小題;每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分)閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。Peoplearealwayslivingwithtechnologynowadays.Herecomesasmarthome,whichiscontrolledbythetouchofabutton.____36____Thisactslikearemotecontroltoactivatehouseholdsystemsandmonitorinsidetemperatures.Ifdonesuccessfully,asmarthomesystemwillbeintegratedsoseamlesslythatahouseholdwillappeartorunitself.Homeautomationisdesignedtointroduceefficiencytoahome.____37____Anefficientsmarthomeusessensorstopreventoverwateringofoutdoorgardensandcontrolroomtemperatures,allofwhichcanreduceexpenses.Inadditiontocostsavings,homeautomationoftenprovidesasenseofsecuritytohomeowners.Familieswithchildrenorelderlyadultsinthehomemaybereassuredbysomesafeguardsinsmarthomesecurity,likefirealarmsthatalerttheappropriateagenciesintheeventofaproblem.Lightingactivationrunsontimers,whichcanbealifesaverifanovenisleftonwhensomeoneleavesthehome.____38____Homeautomationisnotjustforsafety,however.____39____Withacentralizedcontrolunit,apersondoesnothavetoleavethecouchtoturndowntheblindsorevenordergroceries,whichcanbeautomated.____40____Suchahomebecomesdependentontechnologyforroutinetasks.Ifsomethinggoeswrongwiththecentralautomationunit,itisnotjustoneapplianceatriskasmalfunctionscandisruptsystemsthatarevitaltorunningahome.Asaresult,forallpeople,ahomecanbecomeaplaceoftechnicalfaultsthatrepeatedlyrequirerepair.A.Asmarthomedoesn’tapplytoallfamilymembers.B.Itachievesthisbysavinghomeownerstimeandmoney.C.Therearesomedrawbackswithanautomatedhomesystem.D.Itcanalsoprovideconvenienceforpeoplelivinginthehome.E.Homeautomationdependsonfurnitureandhometemperatures.F.Throughhomeautomation,anentirehousecanbeconnectedviaasmartcontroller.G.Besidesprotectingpeople,italsoofferssecurityforexpensiveitemsinsidearesidence.【答案】36.F37.B38.G39.D40.C【語篇解讀】這是一篇說明文。文章主要說明了智能家居的工作方式以及好處?！?6題詳析】根據(jù)上文“Peoplearealwayslivingwithtechnologynowadays.Herecomesasmarthome,whichiscontrolledbythetouchofabutton.(現(xiàn)在人們總是和科技生活在一起。智能家居問世了，只要按一下按鈕就可以控制)”以及后文“Thisactslikearemotecontroltoactivatehouseholdsystemsandmonitorinsidetemperatures.Ifdonesuccessfully,asmarthomesystemwillbeintegratedsoseamlesslythatahouseholdwillappeartorunitself.(它就像一個遙控器，可以激活家用系統(tǒng)并監(jiān)控室內溫度。如果成功的話，一個智能家居系統(tǒng)將被無縫集成，以至于一個家庭似乎可以自己運行)”可知，后文提到了一個智能家居系統(tǒng)將被無縫集成，推測本句是在說明家庭自動化將房子連接起來的方式。故F選項“通過家庭自動化，整個房子可以通過智能控制器連接起來”符合語境，故選F?！?7題詳析】根據(jù)上文“Homeautomationisdesignedtointroduceefficiencytoahome.(家庭自動化的目的是提高家庭的效率)”以及后文“Anefficientsmarthomeusessensorstopreventoverwateringofoutdoorgardensandcontrolroomtemperatures,allofwhichcanreduceexpenses.Inadditiontocostsavings,homeautomationoftenprovidesasenseofsecuritytohomeowners.(高效的智能家居使用傳感器來防止室外花園澆水過多和控制室內溫度，所有這些都可以減少費用。除了節(jié)省成本外，家庭自動化還經常為房主提供安全感)”可知，后文提到了節(jié)省成本，推測本句啟示后文，是在說明家庭自動化可以省錢，故B選項“它通過節(jié)省房主的時間和金錢來實現(xiàn)這一點”符合語境，故選B?！?8題詳析】根據(jù)上文“Familieswithchildrenorelderlyadultsinthehomemaybereassuredbysomesafeguardsinsmarthomesecurity,likefirealarmsthatalerttheappropriateagenciesintheeventofaproblem.Lightingactivationrunsontimers,whichcanbealifesaverifanovenisleftonwhensomeoneleavesthehome.(家里有小孩或老人的家庭可以通過智能家居安全的一些保障措施來放心，比如火災報警器，當出現(xiàn)問題時，它會向有關機構發(fā)出警報。當有人離開家時，如果烤箱還開著，那么照明激活就可以通過計時器來實現(xiàn))”可知，本段的主旨是家庭自動化可以保護人們的安全，上文提到了出現(xiàn)火災等情況，本句為本段最后一句，故說明其他可以保護方面。故G選項“除了保護人們，它還為住宅內的貴重物品提供安全保護”符合語境，故選G?！?9題詳析】根據(jù)上文“Homeautomationisnotjustforsafety,however.(然而，家庭自動化不僅僅是為了安全)”以及后文“Withacentralizedcontrolunit,apersondoesnothavetoleavethecouchtoturndowntheblindsorevenordergroceries,whichcanbeautomated.(有了一個集中控制單元，一個人不必離開沙發(fā)就可以拉下百葉窗，甚至可以自動訂購雜貨)”可知，本句承接上文，繼續(xù)說明家庭自動化的其他好處，結合后文的例子可知，家庭自動化提供了方便。故D選項“它也可以為生活在家里的人提供方便”符合語境，故選D。【40題詳析】根據(jù)后文“Suchahomebecomesdependentontechnologyforroutinetasks.Ifsomethinggoeswrongwiththecentralautomationunit,itisnotjustoneapplianceatriskasmalfunctionscandisruptsystemsthatarevitaltorunningahome.Asaresult,forallpeople,ahomecanbecomeaplaceoftechnicalfaultsthatrepeatedlyrequirerepair.(這樣的家庭變得依賴于技術來完成日常任務。如果中央自動化單元出現(xiàn)問題，就不僅僅是一臺設備有風險，因為故障可能會破壞對家庭運行至關重要的系統(tǒng)。因此，對所有人來說，家都可能成為一個不斷出現(xiàn)技術故障、需要修理的地方)”可知，本段提到智能家居可能存在故障，讓家成為一個不斷出現(xiàn)技術故障、需要修理的地方，即存在缺點。故C選項“自動化家庭系統(tǒng)有一些缺點”符合語境，故選C。第三部分語言運用(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1分，滿分15分)閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。Onemorningontheirwalktoschool,9-year-oldKhloeThompsonandhermotherpassedawomanlivingonthestreet.Troubledatthethoughtofpeoplelivingwithoutahome,Khloefeltan____41____tohelp.Atthetime,sheandhergreatgrandmotherworkedtogetherseveraldaysperweektocraftcolorfulbags,which____42____anidea:Fillingupherbeautifulhomemadebagswith____43____forhomelesspersonswhohadfallenon____44____times.Khloehopestoimprovetheirlives,withalltheyneededtomaketheir____45____fromthestreetstostablehousing.Khloe’sgreatgrandmotherwas____46____theideaofhandingouttheirbagstohelpothers,andsheagreedto____47____thecostforthefillingsthatwentintothefirstbatchofbags.Afterthesuccessoftheirfirstbagdeliveries,theywantedtofindawaytocontinuetheir____48____project.TheycreatedaGoFundMepageandposteditonsocialmediatoattractpotential____49____.Theoverwhelming____50____tocampaignmotivatedKhloeandherfamilytolaunchtheirownnon-profitfoundation,KhloeKares,in2015.KhloeKareshasgivenawaymorethan5,000KareBagswhichare____51____ofafewmonths’supplyofbasiccareitems.Theorganizationhas____52____outtohelpmanyothercommunities.NowKhloe____53____workstomotivateotherkidstobecome____54____withintheircommunities.Shewantsotherkidstoknowthattheiractionsmatter.“Youragedoesn’tdetermineyour____55____,”Khloesaid.41.A.invitation B.attraction C.interest D.urge42.A.stirredup B.gaveup C.madeout D.subscribedto43.A.masterpieces B.necessities C.documents D.leftovers44.A.previous B.ancient C.tough D.cultural45.A.angles B.construction C.stands D.transition46.A.infavorof B.inneedof C.onbehalfof D.onaccountof47.A.spare B.reduce C.cancel D.fund48.A.permanent B.charitable C.appropriate D.original49.A.viewers B.netizens C.donors D.residents50.A.access B.commitment C.reaction D.addiction51.A.ashamed B.terrified C.tired D.composed52.A.figured B.branched C.brought D.checked53.A.passionately B.luckily C.apparently D.potentially54.A.desperate B.defeated C.engaged D.curious55.A.score B.impact C.goal D.future【答案】41.D42.A43.B44.C45.D46.A47.D48.B49.C50.C51.D52.B53.A54.C55.B【語篇解讀】這是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了9歲的科勒·湯普森和家人一起，致力于幫助有困難的人，為此還成立了慈善組織，取得了良好反響?！?1題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：一想到人們無家可歸，科勒就感到不安，她有一種幫助別人的沖動。A.invitation邀請；B.attraction吸引；C.interest興趣；D.urge沖動。根據(jù)后文“Khloehopestoimprovetheirlives”可知，科勒渴望幫助他人，故選D。【42題詳析】考查動詞短語辨析。句意：當時，她和曾祖母每周一起工作幾天，制作五顏六色的袋子，這激發(fā)了她的一個想法：在她美麗的自制袋子里裝滿生活必需品，幫助那些陷入困境的無家可歸者。A.stirredup激起；B.gaveup放棄；C.madeout理解；D.subscribedto同意。根據(jù)后文“anidea:Fillingupherbeautifulhomemadebagswith”指制作袋子激發(fā)了一個幫助他人的想法，故選A。【43題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：當時，她和曾祖母每周一起工作幾天，制作五顏六色的袋子，這激發(fā)了她的一個想法：在她美麗的自制袋子里裝滿生活必需品，幫助那些陷入困境的無家可歸者。A.masterpieces杰作；B.necessities必需品；C.documents文件；D.leftovers剩菜。根據(jù)后文“afewmonths’supplyofbasiccareitems”可知，袋子里裝的都是生活必需品。故選B?！?4題詳析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：當時，她和曾祖母每周一起工作幾天，制作五顏六色的袋子，這激發(fā)了她的一個想法：在她美麗的自制袋子里裝滿生活必需品，幫助那些陷入困境的無家可歸者。A.previous以前的；B.ancient古老的；C.tough艱難的；D.cultural文化的。根據(jù)上文“forhomelesspersonswhohadfallenon”可知，無家可歸說明是陷入了困境。故選C?！?5題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：科勒希望改善他們的生活，為他們提供從街頭過渡到穩(wěn)定住房所需的一切。A.angles角度；B.construction建造；C.stands攤位；D.transition過渡。根據(jù)后文“fromthestreetstostablehousing”可知，科勒希望為他們提供從街頭過渡到穩(wěn)定住房所需的一切。故選D。【46題詳析】考查介詞詞義辨析。句意：科勒的曾祖母贊成把她們的袋子分發(fā)出去幫助別人，她同意資助第一批袋子的填充物的費用。A.infavorof支持；B.inneedof需要；C.onbehalfof代表；D.onaccountof由于。根據(jù)后文“andsheagreedto”曾祖母同意資助說明她贊成這一做法。故選A?！?7題詳析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：科勒的曾祖母贊成把她們的袋子分發(fā)出去幫助別人，她同意資助第一批袋子的填充物的費用。A.spare抽出；B.reduce減少；C.cancel取消；D.fund資助。根據(jù)后文“thecostforthefillingsthatwentintothefirstbatchofbags”可知，曾祖母贊成把她們的袋子分發(fā)出去幫助別人，她同意資助第一批袋子的填充物的費用。故選D?！?8題詳析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：在第一次成功送出袋子后，他們想找到一種方法來繼續(xù)他們的慈善項目。A.permanent永久的；B.charitable慈善的；C.appropriate合適的；D.original起初的。根據(jù)上文可知她們?yōu)闊o家可歸的人提供必需品，是慈善項目。故選B?！?9題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：他們創(chuàng)建了一個GoFundMe頁面，并將其發(fā)布在社交媒體上，以吸引潛在的捐贈者。A.viewers觀眾；B.netizens網(wǎng)民；C.donors捐贈人；D.residents居民。根據(jù)上文“TheycreatedaGoFundMepageandposteditonsocialmediatoattractpotential”以及后文引起人們強烈反應，可知建立GoFundMe是為了吸引捐贈者。故選C。【50題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：人們對這項活動的強烈反應促使科勒和她的家人在2015年成立了他們自己的非營利基金會科勒·卡雷斯。A.access評估；B.commitment承諾；C.reaction反應；D.addiction上癮。根據(jù)后文“tocampaignmotivatedKhloeandherfamilytolaunchtheirownnon-profitfoundation,KhloeKares,in2015”可知，他們建立了非盈利基金會，說明人們對這一活動的反應很好。故選C?！?1題詳析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：KhloeKares已經送出了5000多個Kare包，這些包是由幾個月的基本護理用品組成的。A.ashamed羞愧的；B.terrified害怕的；C.tired疲憊的；D.composed由……組成（或構成）的，平靜的。根據(jù)后文“ofafewmonths’supplyofbasiccareitems.”指Kare包是由幾個月的基本護理用品組成的。短語becomposedof表示“由……組成”。故選D?！?2題詳析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：該組織已擴展到幫助許多其他社區(qū)。A.figured認為；B.branched擴展，分叉；C.brought帶來；D.checked檢查。根據(jù)后文“outtohelpmanyothercommunities”指她們的慈善組織已擴展到幫助許多其他社區(qū)。故選B?！?3題詳析】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：現(xiàn)在，科勒熱情地致力于激勵其他孩子參與到他們的社區(qū)中來。她想讓其他孩子知道他們的行為很重要。A.passionately熱情地；B.luckily幸運地；C.apparently顯然；D.potentially潛在地。根據(jù)后文“workstomotivateotherkids”可知，科勒激勵其他孩子參與到他們的社區(qū)中來，對此充滿熱情。故選A?！?4題詳析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：現(xiàn)在，科勒熱情地致力于激勵其他孩子參與到他們的社區(qū)中來。A.desperate絕望的；B.defeated被打敗的；C.engaged從事……的，忙碌的；D.curious好奇的。根據(jù)后文“Shewantsotherkidstoknowthattheiractionsmatter.(她想讓其他孩子知道他們的行為很重要)”可知，科勒熱情地致力于激勵其他孩子參與到他們的社區(qū)中來。故選C。【55題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：“你的年齡并不能決定你的影響力，”科勒說。A.score分數(shù)；B.impact影響；C.goal目標；D.future未來。根據(jù)上文“Onemorn