2025年大學(xué)英語六級(jí)考試模擬試卷三

2025年大學(xué)英語六級(jí)考試模擬試卷三[問答題]1.Directions:Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestowriteoshortessayen（江南博哥）titledTheImpor-tanceofIndependentThinkingandCuriosityintheWorkplace.Youcan,citeexamplestoillus-trateyourviews.Youshouldwriteatleast150wordsbutnomorethan,200words.正確答案：TheImportanceofIndependentThinkingandCuriosityintheWorkplace(1)Inthemodemsociety,it'sundeniablethatcom-petitionintheworkplaceisbecomingmoreandmorefierce,whichputshigherrequirementsonthequalityofemployees.Inthecorporatecultureofmanycompanies,employeesareencouragedtokeepcuriosityandthinkin-dependently.Allofthissuggestthatindependentthinkingandcuriosityplayanimportantroleintheworkplace.(2)Theimportanceofindependentthinkingandcu-riositycanbeanalyzedbrieflyfromtwoperspectives.Intermsofemployees,theabilityofindependentthinkingandcuriositycanpromoteaperson'srapidgrowthincompetence,andcompleteworktaskswithhighqualityinashorttime,makinghim/herstandout.Onthecor-porateside,advocatingindependentthinkingandcurios-itycanincreasethereserveoftalentsandemployeeswithindependentthinkingandcuriosity,creatinggreatervalueforabusiness,Acompanythatemphasizesindependentthinkingandcuriositywillbemorepowerfulincreativityandinnovation.(3)AsSteveJobs,whocreatedAppleInc.,said,“Stayhungry,stayfoolish.”Weshouldalwaysbeeagertolearnnewknowledge,andneverfancythatwearesmartenoughtostoplearningandthinking.Asforcollegestudentswhoareabouttoentertheworkplace,weshouldpayattentiontomaintainingcuriosityanddevelopingtheabilityofindependentthinking.參考解析：(1)開篇引題，指出職場(chǎng)中獨(dú)立思考和好奇心的重要性。(2)從Intermsofemployees和Onthecorporateside兩個(gè)方面分析獨(dú)立思考和好奇心的重要性。(3)引用SteveJobs的名言，總結(jié)觀點(diǎn)，并提出建議。[問答題]2.目前，中國(guó)很多城市紛紛建立共享書吧。人們可在共享書吧的書架中自行挑選任意一本感興趣的紙質(zhì)圖書或刊物回家閱讀，閱畢可將此書送回。有些書吧還引進(jìn)數(shù)字閱讀機(jī)，每臺(tái)機(jī)器內(nèi)存有大量高清暢銷書，每月定時(shí)更新，使用二維碼掃一掃即可閱讀。接下來，共享書吧將面向更廣泛的地方推廣，以期更好地發(fā)揮圖書館館藏資源利用率，進(jìn)一步在全國(guó)范圍內(nèi)推廣“全民閱讀”，加快構(gòu)建公益性、均等性、便利性的公共文化服務(wù)體系，真正讓共享書吧成為提升公共文化服務(wù)水平和市民文化素養(yǎng)的載體平臺(tái)。正確答案：Nowadays,(1)sharingbookbarsareestablishedinmanycitiesaroundChinaPeoplecantakeanyoneofthe(2)paperbooksandmagazinestheyareinterestedinbackhome.Afterreadingtheycanretumbookstothebar.Besides,therearealso(3)e-bookreaders,eachofwhichboastsalargenumberof(4)HDbest-sellers(5)withmonthlyupdatesThee-bookscanbeacquiredthroughscanningthe(6)QRcodeonthereaders.Sharingbookbar,inthefuture,willbesetupinmorecities(7)inabidtomaximizetheutilizationofthelibraryresources,(8)promotethepublicawarenessofreading,andacceleratetheconstructionofapublicculturalservicesystem(9)featuringpublicbenefit,equalityofaccessandconvenience,makingthesharingbookbarsacar-rierplatformtoadvancethelevelofpublicculturalser-vicesandtheculturalliteracyofcitizens.參考解析：(1)“共享書吧”可翻譯為sharingbookbars。(2)“紙質(zhì)圖書”可翻譯為paperbooks。(3)“數(shù)字閱讀機(jī)”可翻譯為e-bookreaders。(4)“高清暢銷書”可翻譯為HDbest-sellers。(5)“每月定期更新”可作“數(shù)字閱讀機(jī)”的伴隨狀語，翻譯為withmonthlyupdates。(6)“二維碼”可翻譯為QRcode。(7)“以期更好地”表目的，可用短語inabidto“為了……”。(8)“推廣‘全民閱讀”’可理解為“提高公民的閱讀意識(shí)”，即promotethepublicawarenessofreading。(9)“公益性、均等性、便利性”修飾公共文化服務(wù)體系，即這三點(diǎn)是服務(wù)體系的特點(diǎn)，可譯為后置定語，用featuring連接，翻譯為featuringpublicbenefit，equali-tyofaccessandconvenience。共享題干題Questions1to10arebasedonthefollowingpassage.Isyourpromotionreallynecessary?Manyworkersfocustheirhopesonclimbingthehierarchyoftheir____1____.Theprospectofhigherpayhelpsexplaintheirambition,butsodoesthegreaterstatusthatcomeswitheach____2____title.Thisscramblecanoftenendin____3____.ThePeterprinciple,developedbyLaurencePeterforabookpublishedin1969,statesthatworkersgetpromoteduntiltheyreachtheirlevelof____4____.Itmakesperfectsense.Ifyouaregoodatyourjob,youriseupthecareerladder.Eventually,therewillbeajobyouarenotgoodatandatthatpointyourcareerwillstall.The____5____corollaryisthatanyse-niorstaffmemberswhohavebeenintheirjobforanextendedperiodareincompetent.Thehigheruptheladderyougo,thegreaterthedemandsarelikelytobeonyourtime.Thechiefexecutivewillexpectyoutobe____6____atweekends;afterall,thatiswhyyougetpaidthebig____7____.Subordinateswillalsofeelthattheyareabletoaskyoutrickyquestionswhenevertheyarise;theydon'twanttotakedecisionsthatareabovetheirpaygrade.Ifyouareinchargeofageo-graphicalregion,youmayspendmuchofyourtimeonplanes,____8____thecorporatetroops.Andwhenyouarenottravelling,yourdaywillbefilledwithmeetings.Attheendoftheday,youwillhavebeenextremelybusy,butwithanaggingfeelingthatyouhaveachieved____9____ofsubstance.Sothatshinypromotionmaynotbeforeveryone.Bewarethecurseofoverworkand____10____.Somepeopleliketodevotetheirwholelivestotheirjobandbeatthecentreofevents.Itisbesttoletthemgetonwithit.[單選題]1.空白處1應(yīng)填A(yù).logicalB.dissatisfactionC.bucksD.disappointmentE.ariseF.availableGsuccessiveHoverworkIorganizationsJmanyKvisitingLincompetenceMnothingNunhappyOsuitable正確答案：I參考解析：此處要填名詞?？崭袂盀樾稳菰~性物主代詞their，故空格處應(yīng)填名詞，且需填入的詞應(yīng)與climbingtheluerarchyoftheir構(gòu)成搭配。第一句中出現(xiàn)promotion（升職），第二句意為“許多員工將希望寄托________在晉升”。故名詞復(fù)數(shù)organizations符合題意，與thehierarchyof構(gòu)成搭配，意為“組織層級(jí)，公司內(nèi)部”。故本題選I。[單選題]2.空白處2應(yīng)填A(yù).logicalB.dissatisfactionC.bucksD.disappointmentE.ariseF.availableGsuccessiveHoverworkIorganizationsJmanyKvisitingLincompetenceMnothingNunhappyOsuitable正確答案：G參考解析：此處要填形容詞?？崭袂盀閑ach，空格后為名詞title，故空格處應(yīng)填入形容詞，修飾名詞，且符合greaterstatus的含義。該句意為“他們有這樣的抱負(fù)，除了期待更高的薪水，還有每次就會(huì)帶來更高的地位”。故形容詞successive符合句意，修飾名詞title，意為“接連的，相繼的”，與each搭配。eachsuccessivetitle意為“（之后的）每一次晉升”。故本題選G。[單選題]3.空白處3應(yīng)填A(yù).logicalB.dissatisfactionC.bucksD.disappointmentE.ariseF.availableGsuccessiveHoverworkIorganizationsJmanyKvisitingLincompetenceMnothingNunhappyOsuitable正確答案：D參考解析：空格前為介詞in，空格處應(yīng)填名詞或動(dòng)名詞，且要和endin連用符合原文語義，故備選項(xiàng)dissatisfac-tion，bucks，disappointment，incompetence，overwork和nothing均在選擇范圍。但根據(jù)下文Peterprinciple的內(nèi)容可知，步步高升最終走到不擅長(zhǎng)的崗位，導(dǎo)致事業(yè)停滯不前。由此可推斷出，寄希望于升職，但結(jié)果可能會(huì)令人失望。因此disappointment“失望”符合題意。故本題選D。[單選題]4.空白處4應(yīng)填A(yù).logicalB.dissatisfactionC.bucksD.disappointmentE.ariseF.availableGsuccessiveHoverworkIorganizationsJmanyKvisitingLincompetenceMnothingNunhappyOsuitable正確答案：L參考解析：根據(jù)空格前介詞of可知，空格處應(yīng)填入名詞或動(dòng)名詞，且要和reachtheirlevelof搭配，此句陳述“彼得原理”的內(nèi)容，句意為“員工不斷得到晉升，直到達(dá)到________的職位”。根據(jù)后文notgoodat可知，incompe-tence“不勝任，不稱職”符合題意。故本題選L。[單選題]5.空白處5應(yīng)填A(yù).logicalB.dissatisfactionC.bucksD.disappointmentE.ariseF.availableGsuccessiveHoverworkIorganizationsJmanyKvisitingLincompetenceMnothingNunhappyOsuitable正確答案：A參考解析：此處要填形容詞。分析上下文語義和邏輯關(guān)系可知，此句是一個(gè)由上文引出的推論，其句意為“____的推論是，任何長(zhǎng)期處于當(dāng)前職位的高級(jí)工作人員都不稱職”。將備選項(xiàng)logical“符合邏輯的”、available“可得到的；有空的”、many‘許多的”和suitable“適合的”代入原文可知，logical符合題意。故本題選A。[單選題]6.空白處6應(yīng)填A(yù).logicalB.dissatisfactionC.bucksD.disappointmentE.ariseF.availableGsuccessiveHoverworkIorganizationsJmanyKvisitingLincompetenceMnothingNunhappyOsuitable正確答案：F參考解析：根據(jù)空格前tobe可知，空格處所填單詞應(yīng)為形容詞或動(dòng)詞的過去分詞，備選項(xiàng)中沒有過去分詞，因此應(yīng)填形容詞。前文提到職位越高，要求的時(shí)間越多，根據(jù)句意“首席執(zhí)行官會(huì)希望你周末也________”可知，available符合題意，意為“有時(shí)間工作”。故本題選F。[單選題]7.空白處7應(yīng)填A(yù).logicalB.dissatisfactionC.bucksD.disappointmentE.ariseF.availableGsuccessiveHoverworkIorganizationsJmanyKvisitingLincompetenceMnothingNunhappyOsuitable正確答案：C參考解析：此處要填名詞。根據(jù)空格前形容詞big可知，空格處所填單詞應(yīng)為名詞，且能和pay構(gòu)成搭配，本句意為“畢竟，這是公司支付給你高_(dá)_______的原因”。因此bucks“美元”符合語義，bigbucks意為“高薪”。故本題選C。[單選題]8.空白處8應(yīng)填A(yù).logicalB.dissatisfactionC.bucksD.disappointmentE.ariseF.availableGsuccessiveHoverworkIorganizationsJmanyKvisitingLincompetenceMnothingNunhappyOsuitable正確答案：K參考解析：空格前為一個(gè)完整的句子，空格后為名詞短語thecorporatetroops，分析句子可知，逗號(hào)后的部分應(yīng)為狀語，且句子主語為you，故空格處應(yīng)填入現(xiàn)在分詞作非謂語成分。因此visiting符合題意，且可以和thecorporatetroops搭配，意為“視察公司的團(tuán)隊(duì)”。故本題選K。[單選題]9.空白處9應(yīng)填A(yù).logicalB.dissatisfactionC.bucksD.disappointmentE.ariseF.availableGsuccessiveHoverworkIorganizationsJmanyKvisitingLincompetenceMnothingNunhappyOsuitable正確答案：M參考解析：空格前為動(dòng)詞achieved，空格后為of，由此可知，空格處應(yīng)填入形容詞或名詞，并與后面的ofsub-stance搭配。備選項(xiàng)形容詞many和of搭配，構(gòu)成manyof“許多”，但前文出現(xiàn)了naggingfeeling“不愉快（低落／沮喪）的感覺”，因此不符合句意。將備選項(xiàng)nothing代入空格處，achievednothingofsubstance“沒有取得任何實(shí)質(zhì)性的成果”符合題意。故本題選M。[單選題]10.空白處10應(yīng)填A(yù).logicalB.dissatisfactionC.bucksD.disappointmentE.ariseF.availableGsuccessiveHoverworkIorganizationsJmanyKvisitingLincompetenceMnothingNunhappyOsuitable正確答案：B參考解析：此處要填名詞。空格前是and，出現(xiàn)thecurseof，且所填詞匯和overwork構(gòu)成并列關(guān)系，因此空格處應(yīng)填名詞。本句意為“小心升職帶來超負(fù)荷工作和________的詛咒”。因此根據(jù)前文內(nèi)容，dissatisfaction“心情不愉悅”符合題意。故本題選B。參考譯文升職真的有必要嗎？許多員工將希望寄托于公司內(nèi)部晉升上。他們有這樣的抱負(fù)，除了期待更高的薪水，還有每晉升一級(jí)就會(huì)帶來更高的地位。而這種晉升往往會(huì)令人失望。勞倫斯·彼得在1969年出版了一本書，在這本書中他提出了“彼得原理”，該原理指出員工不斷得到晉升，直到達(dá)到他無法勝任的職位。這種說法頗有道理。如果你能勝任所做的工作，你就會(huì)在職業(yè)發(fā)展階梯上越爬越高。最終，在階梯的上層總會(huì)有一份工作是你并不擅長(zhǎng)的，到那時(shí)你的職業(yè)發(fā)展就會(huì)停滯不前。合乎邏輯的推論是，任何長(zhǎng)期處于當(dāng)前職位的高級(jí)工作人員都不稱職。你在職業(yè)發(fā)展階梯上爬得越高，工作對(duì)時(shí)間的要求通常就越多。首席執(zhí)行官會(huì)希望你周末也有時(shí)間工作。畢竟，這是公司支付給你高薪的原因。你的下屬也會(huì)覺得無論何時(shí)，只要出現(xiàn)棘手的問題，他們都能向你求助。因?yàn)樗麄儾幌胱龀龈哂谧约盒匠晁降臎Q定。如果你是某個(gè)區(qū)域的負(fù)責(zé)人，你可能大部分時(shí)間都會(huì)在飛機(jī)上度過，出差去各地視察公司的團(tuán)隊(duì)。不出差的時(shí)候，你又要參加各種各樣的會(huì)議。到了晚上，你覺得自己度過了極其忙碌的一天，卻有種不愉快的感覺，你覺得這一天并沒有取得任何實(shí)質(zhì)性的工作成果。所以，光鮮的晉升可能并不適合每個(gè)人。小心升職帶來超負(fù)荷工作和心情不愉快的詛咒。有些人喜歡將自己的生活全都奉獻(xiàn)給工作，并成為各種活動(dòng)的核心人物。最好讓他們繼續(xù)下去。Parents’Homework：FindPerfectTeachersforKids(A)TomiHalldidwhatshecouldtolobbyforthebestteachersforhertwochildren,makinghercasethisspringinletterstotheprincipal.Thenallshecoulddowaswaitingfornewsoftheirclassroomassignments-andit'sbeentorturing.TheAuroramomknowshereffortscarrynoguarantees.Oneyearagohersondidn'tgettheteacherHallhadhopedfor,andhestruggledformonthswithonewhoserelaxedstylecameacrosstohimasuncaring.“Granted,Iknowit'sjustkindergarten,”saidHall,39.“But...ateachercanmakeorbreakyou.”(B)Inthenextfewweeks,manyfamilieswillripopennotificationlettersorgotoschooltoseeclass-listspostedonthefrontdoor.Forparentsaccustomedtodirectingnearlyeveryaspectoftheirchild'searlylearningitcanbedifficulttohavelittlevoiceinteacherselection—adecisiontheyviewascritical.Somespendhourscraftingtheperfectletterormeetwiththeprincipaltomakeanargument.Fortheirchild'searlylearning,parentsregardthatteacheriscritical.(C)Principals,meanwhile,struggletocreatebalancedclassroomswhilejuggling(同時(shí)應(yīng)付)individualrequests.Theysaytheywantinputbutfinditincreasinglynecessarytodiscourageparentsfromaskingforaspecificteacher.Administratorsdon'twanttheselectionprocesstobeapopularitycontest—inpartbecausewhatmakesateacherpopularmayhavenothingtodowithaparticularchild'seducationalneeds.(D)“I'mbrightenoughtorealizeparents'talkatsoccerfieldsandbaseballfields,butyouhavetorealizeyourexperiencewithTeacherAmaybeverydifferentthansomeoneelse'sTeacherA,”saidScottMeek,thenewprincipalatNorthbrookJuniorHighSchoolwhoismakingclassroomassignmentsthissummerfor600studentswiththehelpofanofficedisplayboard.Heasksparentstofocustheirinputonthestudentandhisorherlearningstyleandtrusttheschooltomaketherightmatch.(E)Somestudentsalsorecognizethatcertainteachersbringoutthebestinthem.“Ineedoneofthosestrictkindsofteachers,”saidHall'sdaughterTori,12,whoisentering7thgrade.“WhenIgetanot-so-strictteacher,Ithinktheydon'treallycareaboutme.Ireallydon'twantabadteacher.I'llgetlowergrades.”(F)WhenChayaFish,30,ofWestRogersParktaughtataprivateschoolinNewYork,shesaid,itwasobviouswhothe“in”teacherswere.Shesaidsheautomaticallyjoinedthemaftertheprincipal'ssonlandedinherclassroom.“Itwasridiculous,”saidFish.“Theotherteacherwasprobablybetterthanme.Itwashowyoudressed,howyoutalkedthatoftendeterminedparentalfavor.”(G)Teacherssaidthemostvocalparentsoftengettheirwaysothatallpartiesinvolvedcanavoidadifficultschoolyear.Buteducatorswarnthatparentswhogetwhattheywishformaybesorryafterward.“Alotoftimeswhenpeopleorchestrate(精心安排)whotheythinktheirchildisbestsuitedfor,theyfindtheymadeamistake,”saidMarkFriedman,superintendent(督學(xué)）forLibertyvilleElementarySchoolDistrict70.“Ihavemanyparentssaylater,'Idon'tknowwhyIdidthis.Itisn'tworkingoutthisyear.”Friedmansaidheassuresparentstheircommentswillbeconsid-eredbutneverguaranteesaspecificteacher.Infact,hetellsthemthatiftheydorequestateacherandlaterregretthatchoice,“youhavenoonetoblamebutyourself.”(H)Someparentssaidthey'velearnedtheirlessonabouttryingtoguesswhichteacherwouldbebest.JamieThompsonsaidshewasinitiallyconcernedwhenherdaughterwasassignedtoastrictlst-gradeteacher.Shewasawareotherparentshadlobbiedforadifferentperson,whohadamorecasualstyle.“Attheend,itturnedoutthattheotherclasswasasking,'Whyisn'tmychildlearningthat?”saidThompson,36,ofArlingtonHeights.“That'swhyIdon'twanttointerferetoomuch.”(I)Yetparentshavedifferentreasonsforrequestingclasses,andsomehavenothingtodowiththeteacher,saidMichelleVanEvery,36,ofDeerfield.Sheandothermothersoncerequestedthattheirchildrennotbeplacedinaclassroomwithaspecificboy—notbecauseofhim,buttoavoidhismother,whohadcreatedproblemsinthepast,shesaid.“Wedidn'twanttocrosspathswithher,”saidVanEvery,whoaddedthattheschoolcompliedwiththeirrequest.”Wedidn'twanttohavetovolunteerwithherataclassparty.”(J)Eachdistrictfollowsitsownprocedureforteacherselection.SomebeginasearlyasAprilorMay,officialssaid.Manyaskparentstocompleteaformabouttheirchild'sstrengthsandweaknesses.Typically,teachershavesomesayintheprocessbydecidingearlyonwhichstudentsshouldbeseparatedorkepttogether,onthebasisofacademics,personalitiesandlearningstyles.Theprincipaldrawsupthefinalclasslists,oftenaftermeetingwithparentsorreviewingspecialrequests,officialssaid.(K)Manyschooldistrictswaituntilthelastminutetoannounceclassassignments,usuallyabouttwoweeksbeforethestart-upofschool.That'sbecausetheyhavecometoexpectafloodofphonecallswithinhoursfromparentswhobegordemandtoswitchteachers.(L)Otherschoolshandleitdifferently.AtSawyerElementarySchoolonChicago'sSouthwestSide,thefallclassassignmentsarehandedoutwiththelastreportcardthepreviousspring,saidteacherMaureen“Moe”Forte.FortesaidsheisawareofcolleaguesandmembersoftheLocalSchoolCouncilwhohaveaskedthattheirchildrenbemovedfromoneclassintoanother.“It'snotfair,”Fortesaid.“l(fā)wasveryupsetthatoneoftheLSCparentsmovedherdaughtertomyclassroom.Theparentjustfeltmypersonalityfitbetterwithherchild.Andit'snotapersonalitycontest.”(M)DenitaRicciofLakeVillasaidsheknowsparentswhorequestcertainclassesbuttrytostayoutoftheprocess.Herson,MasonWubs,12,hopestobeplacedinthesameclassashisbestfriend,easingthetransitionto7thgradeatanewschool.“Itrusttheschool'sjudgment,”shesaid,thoughshesecretlyhopesMasonwillshareaclasswithhisfriend.“Ithinktheyneedtolearntodealwithpeoplewhoaredifferentfromthem,justlikeanemployer.”[單選題]11.Fortesaid,teachingatschoolisnotapersonalitycontest.A.A）B.B）C.C）D.D）E.E）F.F）GG）HH）II）JJ）KK)LL)MM)正確答案：L參考解析：此句意為“福爾特說，學(xué)校的教學(xué)不是性格比賽”，與L段Fortesaid，“…Theparentjustfeltmypersonalityfitbetterwithherchild.Andit'snotapersonalitycontest.”意思相同。故本題選L。[單選題]12.Teacherswilldecideearlyintheprocessofstudents'separationorkeepingtogether.A.A）B.B）C.C）D.D）E.E）F.F）GG）HH）II）JJ）KK)LL)MM)正確答案：J參考解析：此句意為“在過程中老師有權(quán)早期決定哪些學(xué)生應(yīng)該分開或待在一起”，與J段Typically，teachershavesomesayintheprocessbydecidingearlyonwhichstudentsshouldbeseparatedorkepttogether意思相同。故本題選J。[單選題]13.DenitaRiccitriestostayoutoftheprocesswhenhersonhopedtostayinthesameclasswithhisbestfriend.A.A）B.B）C.C）D.D）E.E）F.F）GG）HH）II）JJ）KK)LL)MM)正確答案：M參考解析：此句意為“當(dāng)?shù)履萏埂だ锲娴膬鹤酉Ｍc他最好的朋友分到同一個(gè)班時(shí)，她試著不去干涉這個(gè)過程”。M段提到德妮坦，里奇的兒子想和最好的朋友在一個(gè)班級(jí)的事情，與題干意思一致。故本題選M。[單選題]14.ChayaFishsaid,sometimesthewaytodecideapopularteacherwasridiculous.A.A）B.B）C.C）D.D）E.E）F.F）GG）HH）II）JJ）KK)LL)MM)正確答案：F參考解析：此句意為“查雅·費(fèi)什說，有時(shí)決定一個(gè)老師是否受歡迎的方式很荒謬”。F段提到，因?yàn)樾ｉL(zhǎng)的兒子無意識(shí)地進(jìn)入了她的班級(jí)，她就成了受歡迎的老師，查雅·費(fèi)什說Itwasridiculous，與題干意思一致。故本題選F。[單選題]15.MichelleVanEverysaid,someparents'reasonsforrequestingclasseshavenothingtodowiththeteachers.A.A）B.B）C.C）D.D）E.E）F.F）GG）HH）II）JJ）KK)LL)MM)正確答案：I參考解析：此句意為“米歇爾·凡·艾弗利說，有些家長(zhǎng)對(duì)班級(jí)的要求與老師無關(guān)”，與I段Yetparentshavedifferentreasonsforrequestingclasses，andsomehavenothingtodowiththeteacher，saidMichelleVanEvery意思相同。故本題選I。[單選題]16.Manyschooldistrictsdon'tannounceclassassignmentsuntilthelastminute.A.A）B.B）C.C）D.D）E.E）F.F）GG）HH）II）JJ）KK)LL)MM)正確答案：K參考解析：此句意為“許多學(xué)區(qū)等到最后一刻才宣布班級(jí)分配”，與K段Manyschooldistrictswaituntilthelastminutetoannounceclassassignments,usuallyabouttwoweeksbeforethestart-upofschool意思相同。故本題選K。[單選題]17.ScottMeeksaid,differentstudentsmayacquiredifferentknowledgefromexcellentteachers.A.A）B.B）C.C）D.D）E.E）F.F）GG）HH）II）JJ）KK)LL)MM)正確答案：D參考解析：此句意為“斯科特·米克說，不同的學(xué)生從優(yōu)秀的老師那里學(xué)到的知識(shí)是不一樣的”，與D段“I'mbrightenoughtorealizeparents'talkatsoccerfieldsandbaseballfields,butyouhavetorealizeyourexperiencewithTeacherAmaybeverydifferentthansomeoneelse'sTeacherA，”saidScottMeek意思相同。故本題選D。[單選題]18.JamieThompsonwasinitiallyconcernedwithherdaughter,butshedidn'twanttointerferetoomuch.A.A）B.B）C.C）D.D）E.E）F.F）GG）HH）II）JJ）KK)LL)MM)正確答案：H參考解析：此句意為“杰米·湯普森起初很關(guān)心她的女兒，但是她不想干涉太多”，與H段JamieThompsonsaidshewasinitiallyconcemedwhenherdaughterwasassignedtoastrictlst-gradeteacher…That'swhyIdidn’twanttointerferetoomuch意思相同。故本題選H。[單選題]19.Administratorssay,whatmakesateacherpopularmayhavenothingtodowithaparticularchild'seducationalneeds.A.A）B.B）C.C）D.D）E.E）F.F）GG）HH）II）JJ）KK)LL)MM)正確答案：C參考解析：此句意為“管理者說，一個(gè)老師的受歡迎程度可能與某個(gè)孩子的教育需求毫不相干”，與C段Administratorsdon'twanttheselectionprocesstobeapopularitycontest-inpartbecausewhatmakesateacherpopularmayhavenothingtodowithaparticularchild'seducationalneeds意思相同。放本題選C。[單選題]20.MarkFriedmansaid,inmostcasespeoplewillmakemistakesinchoosingteacherandclassfortheirchildren.A.A）B.B）C.C）D.D）E.E）F.F）GG）HH）II）JJ）KK)LL)MM)正確答案：G參考解析：此句意為“馬克·弗里德曼說，許多情況下人們?cè)诮o孩子選擇老師和班級(jí)時(shí)會(huì)犯錯(cuò)”，與G段Alotoftimeswhenpeopleorchestratewhotheythinktheirchildisbestsuitedfor,theyfindtheymadeamistake,”saidMarkFriedman意思相同。故本題選G。參考譯文家長(zhǎng)的作業(yè)：為孩子尋找完美的老師A)湯米·霍爾竭盡全力為她的兩個(gè)孩子去游說最好的老師，在今年春天寫給校長(zhǎng)的信中說明她的情況。之后，她唯一能做的就是等待班級(jí)分配，這個(gè)過程很折磨人。曙光女神知道她的努力得不到保證。一年前，兒子沒有進(jìn)入霍爾所希望的老師的班級(jí)。霍爾的兒子好幾個(gè)月都在掙扎，老師輕快的（講課）風(fēng)格讓他認(rèn)為是漠不關(guān)心。39歲的霍爾說：“當(dāng)然，我知道這只是幼兒園，但是……老師可以成就也可以毀掉一個(gè)人?！盉)在接下來的幾周，許多家庭會(huì)拆開通知信或去學(xué)?？促N在前門的分班公告。對(duì)于那些習(xí)慣于面面俱到地指導(dǎo)孩子早期學(xué)習(xí)的父母，很難讓他們?cè)谶x擇老師時(shí)保持沉默——他們認(rèn)為這是一個(gè)重要的決定。為堅(jiān)持自己的想法，一些家長(zhǎng)花幾個(gè)小時(shí)起草完美的信件或找校長(zhǎng)。家長(zhǎng)認(rèn)為老師在孩子的早期教育中至關(guān)重要。C)與此同時(shí)，校長(zhǎng)們除了努力平衡分班，還要處理一些個(gè)別請(qǐng)求。他們說想要孩子有所收獲，但是發(fā)現(xiàn)越來越有必要阻止父母要求特定的老師。管理者不希望選擇過程成為人氣競(jìng)賽——在某種程度上，一個(gè)老師的受歡迎程度可能與孩子的教育需求毫不相干。D)諾斯布魯克初中的新校長(zhǎng)斯科特·米克說：“我懂得家長(zhǎng)在足球場(chǎng)和棒球場(chǎng)的談話，但是你必須意識(shí)到不同的人從老師A那里學(xué)到的東西是不一樣的?！彼F(xiàn)在正在辦公室用電腦為今年夏季的600名學(xué)生分班。他要求家長(zhǎng)們關(guān)注學(xué)生在學(xué)習(xí)上的收獲以及學(xué)習(xí)習(xí)慣，并相信學(xué)校會(huì)做出正確的分配。E)一些學(xué)生也認(rèn)識(shí)到某些教師能幫助他們成為最好的自己。霍爾的女兒多莉即將升入七年級(jí)，她說：“我需要一個(gè)嚴(yán)格的老師，如果遇到不怎么嚴(yán)厲的老師，我會(huì)認(rèn)為他們并不是真的在乎我。我真的不想要一個(gè)糟糕的老師，那樣我會(huì)得到更低的分?jǐn)?shù)?！盕)西羅杰斯公園30歲的查雅·費(fèi)什曾在紐約一所私立學(xué)校任教。她說誰是受歡迎的老師非常明顯。她說自從校長(zhǎng)的兒子成為她班上的學(xué)生之后，她自動(dòng)地加入了受歡迎老師的陣營(yíng)。她說：“這真的很荒謬。其他老師可能比我更優(yōu)秀。通常，一個(gè)人的穿著與談吐會(huì)決定家長(zhǎng)們的態(tài)度。”G)老師說，最直言不諱的父母經(jīng)常隨心所欲，以避免整個(gè)學(xué)年各方都不好過。但是教育工作者警告說，得償所愿的父母以后也許會(huì)后悔。利伯蒂維爾區(qū)70小學(xué)的督學(xué)馬克·弗里德曼說：“很多時(shí)候家長(zhǎng)們精心安排他們認(rèn)為最適合孩子的老師，之后發(fā)現(xiàn)他們犯了錯(cuò)誤。我們這里有很多家長(zhǎng)后來會(huì)說，‘我不知道當(dāng)初為什么這樣做，今年根本沒用，?！备ダ锏侣f，他向家長(zhǎng)們保證會(huì)考慮他們的意見，但絕不會(huì)保證安排特定的老師。事實(shí)上，他告訴他們，如果確實(shí)要求了某個(gè)老師之后又后悔，“到時(shí)候只能怪自己”。H)一些家長(zhǎng)說他們已經(jīng)從猜測(cè)誰會(huì)是最好的老師中得到了教訓(xùn)。杰米·湯普森說她女兒被分配給一個(gè)一年級(jí)的嚴(yán)格老師時(shí)，她最初很擔(dān)心。她知道其他家長(zhǎng)已經(jīng)為換一個(gè)比較隨性的老師進(jìn)行了游說。來自阿靈頓高地36歲的湯普森說：“最后，事實(shí)證明另一個(gè)班的家長(zhǎng)會(huì)問‘為什么我的孩子沒有學(xué)那個(gè)呢？”“‘這就是為什么我不想干涉太多的原因。”I)來自迪爾菲爾德36歲的米歇爾·凡·艾弗利說，盡管家長(zhǎng)們出于不同的原因?qū)Π嗉?jí)提出要求，但一些家長(zhǎng)對(duì)班級(jí)的要求跟老師無關(guān)。她和其他母親曾要求他們的孩子不能和某一男孩分在一起，原因并不是因?yàn)檫@個(gè)男孩.而是為了避開男孩的母親，她過去制造了許多問題。她說：“我們不想碰到男孩的媽媽。”并補(bǔ)充說學(xué)校聽從了她們的要求。“我們不想在班級(jí)聚會(huì)上和她一起參加志愿活動(dòng)?！盝)每個(gè)地區(qū)遵循特有的程序選擇老師。官員說，有些地區(qū)早在四月或五月就開始篩選。許多地區(qū)要求家長(zhǎng)們填表說明孩子的優(yōu)缺點(diǎn)。通常，在這個(gè)過程中老師有權(quán)在早期決定哪些學(xué)生應(yīng)該分開或待在一起，這會(huì)根據(jù)學(xué)生的學(xué)習(xí)基礎(chǔ)、性格以及學(xué)習(xí)方式而定。校長(zhǎng)常常會(huì)與家長(zhǎng)開會(huì)或?qū)彶樘貏e請(qǐng)求之后，草擬最后的班級(jí)列表。K)許多學(xué)區(qū)等到最后一刻才宣布班級(jí)分配，通常在開學(xué)兩個(gè)星期前。因?yàn)樗麄儞?dān)心數(shù)小時(shí)內(nèi)連續(xù)不斷地接到家長(zhǎng)的請(qǐng)求或要求換老師的電話。L)其他學(xué)校的處理方式有所不同。芝加哥西南側(cè)的索耶小學(xué)的莫琳·莫伊·福爾特老師說，秋季班級(jí)分配會(huì)與前一年春天的最后成績(jī)單一起發(fā)放。福爾特說她知道同事們和當(dāng)?shù)貙W(xué)校委員會(huì)成員要求給他們的孩子調(diào)班。她說：“這不公平。我非常擔(dān)心一個(gè)當(dāng)?shù)貙W(xué)校委員會(huì)(LSC)的家長(zhǎng)將女兒轉(zhuǎn)到我的班級(jí)。那個(gè)家長(zhǎng)只是認(rèn)為我的性格與她的孩子更合得來。但是，這不是一個(gè)性格比賽?！盡)LakeVilla的德妮坦·里奇說，她了解那些要求特定班級(jí)卻試圖不參與此過程的家長(zhǎng)們。她12歲的兒子梅森·伍布斯希望和他最好的朋友分到同一班，來緩解升入7年級(jí)轉(zhuǎn)到新學(xué)校的不適。她說：“我相信學(xué)校的判斷。”盡管她私下希望梅森會(huì)和他的朋友分在一個(gè)班。“我認(rèn)為他們需要學(xué)會(huì)與不同的人相處，就像老板一樣?！盦uestions1to5arebasedonthefollowingpassage.Mathematicalabilityandmusicalabilitymaynotseemonthesurfacetobeconnected,butpeoplewhohaveresearchedthesubjectandstudiedthebrainsaythattheyare.Threequartersofthebrightbutspeech-delayedchildreninthegroupIstudiedhadacloserelativewhowasanengineer,mathe-maticianorscientist,andfourfifthshadacloserelativewhoplayedamusicalinstrument.Thechil-drenthemselvesusuallytookreadilytomathandotheranalyticalsubjectsandtomusic.Black,whiteandAsianchildreninthisgroupshowthesamepatterns.However,itisclearthatblackshavebeengreatlyoverrepresentedinthedevelopmentofAmericanpopularmusicandgreatlyunderrepresentedinsuchfieldsasmathematics,scienceandengineering.Iftheabilitiesrequiredinanalyticalfieldsandinmusicaresocloselyrelated,howcantherebethisgreat[discrepancy]?Onereasonisthatthedevelopmentofmathematicalandothersuchabilitiesrequiresyearsofformalschooling,whilecertainmusicaltalentscanbedevelopedwithlittleornoformaltraining,ashashappenedwithanumberofwell-knownblackmusicians.Itispreciselyinthosekindsofmusicwhereonecanacquiregreatskillwithoutformaltrainingthatblackshaveexcelledpopularmusicratherthanclassicalmusic,pianoratherthanviolin,bluesratherthanopera.Thisisreadilyunderstandable,giventhatmostblacks,formostofAmericanhistory,havenothadeitherthemoneyortheleisureforlongyearsofformalstudyinmusic.BlackshavenotmerelyheldtheirowninAmericanpopularmusic.Theyhaveplayedadispropor-tionatelylargeroleinthedevelopmentofjazz,bothtraditionalandmodern.Alongstringofnamescomestomind—DukeEllington,ScottJoplin,W.C.Handy,LouisArmstrongCharlieParker...andsoon.Noneofthisindicatesanyspecialinnateabilityofblacksinmusic.Onthecontrary,itisperfectlyconsistentwithblackshavingnomoresuchinbornabilitythananyoneelse,butbeinglim-itedtobeingabletoexpresssuchabilityinnarrowerchannelsthanotherswhohavehadthemoney,thetimeandtheformaleducationtospreadoutoverawiderrangeofmusic,aswellasintomathe-matics,scienceandengineering.[單選題]21.Whydoestheauthorspeakaboutthegroupofchildrenhestudiedinthefirstparagraph?A.Hetriestotellusthatmorepeoplearebetteratmusicthanmath.B.Heintendstomakeoutthatmathematicalabilityandmusicalabilityareconnected.C.Hewantstosaythatmathematicalabilityhasmoretodowithbrainthanmusicalability.D.Hecallsonmoreresearchontherelationshipbetweenmathematicalabilityandmusicalability.正確答案：B參考解析：推斷題。根據(jù)第一段peoplewhohaveresearchedthesubjectandstudiedthebrainsaythattheyare以及后面所舉的例子可知，作者試圖證明數(shù)學(xué)能力和音樂能力有聯(lián)系。故本題選B。[單選題]22.Theword“discrepancy”(Para.3)mostprobablymeans________.A.differenceB.excellenceC.inbornabilityD.inability正確答案：A參考解析：含義題。文章第一段中心意思是數(shù)學(xué)能力和音樂能力有聯(lián)系，文章第二段卻說黑人在美國(guó)流行音樂中是主力軍，然而在數(shù)學(xué)等方面卻默默無聞，因此產(chǎn)生discrepancy。根據(jù)前文可推斷discrepancy應(yīng)該是“差距，差異”的意思。故本題選A。[單選題]23.Whathasmadeblacksearnmoreachievementsinpopularmusicthaninmath,scienceandengi-neering?A.Blackshavespecialinnateabilityinthemusicfield.B.Blacksaremoreinterestedinmusicthantheotherthree.C.Blacksdonothaveinnateabilityintheotherthree.D.Musicdoesn'trequireformaltrainingwhileothersdo.正確答案：D參考解析：細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)第三段Onereasonisthatthedevelopmentofmathematicalandothersuchabilitiesrequiresyearsofformalschooling,whliecertainmusicaltalentscanbedevelopedwithlittleornoformaltraining可知，數(shù)學(xué)等其他類似學(xué)科的發(fā)展需要多年的正規(guī)學(xué)校教育，而音樂不需要接受正規(guī)教育。故本題選D。[單選題]24.Whatdoweknowaboutoperafromthepassage?A.Itisdislikedbyblacks.B.Itrequiresformaltraining.C.Itismoredifficulttolearnthanclassicalmusic.D.Itisverypopularamongrichpeople.正確答案：B參考解析：推斷題。根據(jù)關(guān)鍵詞opera定位到原文第四段Itispreciselyinthosekindsofmusicwhereonecanac-quiregreatskillwithoutformaltrainingthatblackshaveexcelledpopularmusicratherthanclassicalmusic,pianoratherthanviolin,bluesratherthanopera可知，對(duì)于黑人而言不需要經(jīng)過正規(guī)訓(xùn)練就可以獲得極好的音樂技能，包括流行音樂、鋼琴和藍(lán)調(diào)音樂，所以歌劇屬于需要經(jīng)過正規(guī)學(xué)習(xí)的領(lǐng)域。故本題選B。[單選題]25.Howcanblacksfinallyachievegreaterskillsinkindsofmusicthatdon'tneedformaltraining?A.Theyhaveinnateabilityinthesemusicfields.B.Theyspendmoretimeintheselimitedfields.C.Theylearnthemfromtheirancestors.D.Theypracticethemthroughlisteningtotapesrepeatedly.正確答案：B參考解析：細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)文章最后一段最后一句可知，黑人天賦并不過人，沒有錢，沒有時(shí)間，無法接受正規(guī)教育，只能在有限的空間里發(fā)揮自己的才能。故本題選B。參考譯文表面上數(shù)學(xué)能力和音樂能力似乎沒有什么關(guān)系，但是研究這個(gè)學(xué)科和大腦的人說兩者之間存在聯(lián)系。在我研究的一組聰明但是說話較晚的兒童中，四分之三的孩子近親中有一位是工程師、數(shù)學(xué)家或科學(xué)家，五分之四的孩子近親中有一個(gè)人會(huì)演奏某種樂器。這些孩子通常比較擅長(zhǎng)數(shù)學(xué)、其他分析性學(xué)科或音樂。在這個(gè)小組中，黑人、白人和亞裔孩子表現(xiàn)差不多。但是很顯然，黑人在美國(guó)流行音樂發(fā)展中具有超強(qiáng)的代表性，而在譬如數(shù)學(xué)、科學(xué)和工程這樣的領(lǐng)域代表人數(shù)卻嚴(yán)重不足。如果分析科學(xué)和音樂領(lǐng)域所需的能力如此緊密相關(guān)，那么怎么會(huì)出現(xiàn)這么大的差距呢？原因之一就是數(shù)學(xué)能力和其他類似能力的發(fā)展需要多年的正規(guī)學(xué)校教育，而某些音樂才能的發(fā)展則只需要極少或者根本不需要任何正規(guī)的訓(xùn)練，很多有名的黑人音樂家就是這樣。正是在那些不需要經(jīng)過正規(guī)訓(xùn)練就可以獲得極好技能的音樂領(lǐng)域，黑人們?cè)诹餍幸魳飞系谋憩F(xiàn)比古典音樂優(yōu)秀，在鋼琴上的表現(xiàn)優(yōu)于小提琴，在藍(lán)調(diào)音樂方面的表現(xiàn)超過歌劇。這種現(xiàn)象很好理解，因?yàn)樵诿绹?guó)歷史上，大多數(shù)黑人經(jīng)濟(jì)窘迫，或者沒有閑暇時(shí)間接受長(zhǎng)期正規(guī)的教育。黑人不僅在美國(guó)流行音樂中享有一席之地，他們?cè)趥鹘y(tǒng)和現(xiàn)代爵士樂的發(fā)展中也發(fā)揮了極大的作用。我能說出一系列人的名字——艾靈頓公爵、斯科特·喬普林、W.C.漢迪、路易斯·阿姆斯特朗、查理·帕克等等。這些并不能說明黑人在音樂方面具有某種天生的才能。相反，這正和黑人不比其他人更有天分的說法完全一致，與其他有錢、有時(shí)間、接受正規(guī)教育的人相比，他們只能被局限在更加狹隘的空間里發(fā)揮自己的才能，而無法涉足更廣闊的音樂種類，包括數(shù)學(xué)、科學(xué)和工程這樣的領(lǐng)域。Questions1to5arebasedonthefollowingpassage.Scientistshavelongknownafairlyreliablewaytoextendlifespaninrodentsandotherlabanimals:Reducetheamountofcaloriestheyeatby10percentto40percent.Thisstrategy,knownascaloricrestriction,hasbeenshowntoincreasethelifespanofvariousorganismsandreducetheirrateofcancerandotherage-relatedailments.Whetheritcandothesameinpeoplehasbeenanopenquestion.Butanintriguingnewstudysuggeststhatinyoungandmiddle-agedadults,chronicallyrestrictingcalorieintakecanhaveanimpactontheirhealth.Inthenewstudy,whichwasfundedbytheNationalInstitutesofHealthandpublishedthismonthintheLancetDiabetes&Endocrinology,researcherslookedatagroupof143healthymenandwomenwhorangedinagefrom21to50.Theywereinstructedtopracticecaloricrestrictionfortwoyears.Theycouldeatthefoodstheywantedsolongastheycutbackonthetotalamountoffoodtheyate,withtheaimofcuttingthecaloriestheyconsumedby25percent.Manydidnotachievethatgoal.Onaverage,thedietersmanagedtoslashabout1